The Experts below are selected from a list of 48723 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Jibin Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • cellulose decomposition and larval biomass Production from the co digestion of dairy Manure and chicken Manure by mini livestock hermetia illucens l
    Journal of Environmental Management, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kashif Ur Rehman, Longyu Zheng, Ziniu Yu, Xiaopeng Xiao, Abdul Aziz Soomro, Yusha Zhou, Wu Li, Hui Wang, Jibin Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract World trends toward the modern dairies intensification on large Production units cause massive animal Manure Production and accumulation. Improper handling of Manure produced by industrial farm operation greatly deteriorates the major environmental media including air, water and soil. The black soldier fly utilizes organic waste and converts it into larvae biomass to be used as livestock feed and into residues to be used as bio-fertilizer. However, due to the high ratio of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in dairy Manure, this conversion is difficult. Therefore, dairy Manure treated with chicken Manure was digested by Hermetia illucens . In this paper, we found that the co-digestion process significantly enhanced the larval Production, waste mass reduction, rate of larvae conversion, feed conversion ratio, nutrient reduction and fibers utilization. Whereas 40% dairy Manure and 60% chicken Manure group show better results than other Manure mixtures and had a significantly increased the cellulose consumption by 61.19%, hemicellulose consumption by 53.22% and lignin consumption by 42.23% compared with 49.89%, 49.77% and 31.95%, respectively, in the dairy-only Manure group. Finally, scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the structural changes of dairy Manure, chicken Manure and their co-digestion mixtures. The scan electron microscopy showed the deterioration in the structure of dairy and chicken Manure fibers by Hermetia illucens . Moreover, the carbon-nitrogen ratio was decreased in all end products of post vermicomposting. The results suggest that the co-digestion of 40% dairy Manure with 60% chicken Manure is an appropriate proportion for dairy Manure management with the black soldier fly.

  • conversion of mixtures of dairy Manure and soybean curd residue by black soldier fly larvae hermetia illucens l
    Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kashif Ur Rehman, Longyu Zheng, Ziniu Yu, Xiaopeng Xiao, Wu Li, Hui Wang, Abdul Rehman, Abdul Aziz Somroo, Jibin Zhang
    Abstract:

    The increasing numbers of dairy farms cause massive Manure Production and its improper disposal poses threats to the environment. Larvae of the black soldier fly (BSF) have the potential to convert this animal Manure into valuable biomass; however, the high fiber content of dairy Manure (DM) makes conversion difficult. Therefore, the goal of this investigation was to evaluate the impact of co-digestion of DM with another ecologically problematic waste source: soybean curd residue (SCR). The waste sources were fed to BSF larvae using different mixing ratios. DM and SCR mixed in a ratio of 2:3 was found to result in the best outcome measures: development time (21 days), survival rate (98.4%), waste mass reduction (75.4% wet and 56.6% dry waste mass), bioconversion (11.6% on wet and 14.6% dry mass base), feed conversion ratio (6.4 wet and 4.0 dry), nutrient utilization (nitrogen, 62.1%; phosphorus, 52.9%; carbon, 66.4%), and fiber content reduction (cellulose, 64.9%; hemicellulose, 63.7%; lignin, 36.9%). Analysis of the structural changes of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin by scanning electron microscopy let us assume that black soldier fly larval activity did leads to structural modifications of the fibers. We assume that those alterations of surface and texture are in favour of associated bacteria and thus contribute to waste reduction and larval growth. Our results show that co-conversion of DM with soybean residues by Hermetia illucens could play a vital role in DM management.

Richard A Holley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pathogen survival in swine Manure environments and transmission of human enteric illness a review
    Journal of Environmental Quality, 2003
    Co-Authors: Tiffany T Y Guan, Richard A Holley
    Abstract:

    The influence of zoonotic pathogens in animal Manure on human health and well-being as direct or indirect causes of human enteric illness is examined. Available international data are considered, but the study is focused on the developing situation in western Canada, where it is certain there will be further rapid growth in livestock numbers, particularly hogs. Major pathogens considered are Escherichia coli Ol57:H7, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia. Canada is now the leading exporter of pork internationally, but recent increases in Production contrasts with constant domestic levels of pork consumption and declining levels of foodborne illness caused by pork. Effects of increased levels of Manure Production are not quantifiable in terms of effects on human health. The presence of major pathogens in Manure and movement to human food sources and water are considered on the basis of available data. Survival of the organisms in soil, Manure, and water indicate significant variability in resistance to environmental challenge which are characteristic of the organisms themselves. Generally, pathogens survived longer in environmental samples at cool temperatures but differences were seen in liquid and solid Manure. Based on actual data plus some data extrapolated from cattle Manure environments, holding Manure at 25°C for 3 months will render it free from the pathogens considered above.

  • pathogen survival in swine Manure environments and transmission of human enteric illness a review
    Journal of Environmental Quality, 2003
    Co-Authors: Tiffany T Y Guan, Richard A Holley
    Abstract:

    The influence of zoonotic pathogens in animal Manure on human health and well-being as a direct or indirect cause of human enteric illness is examined. Available international data are considered, but the study is focused on the developing situation in western Canada, where it is certain there will be further rapid growth in livestock numbers, particularly hogs. Major pathogens considered are Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia. Canada is now the leading exporter of pork internationally, but recent increases in Production contrast with constant domestic levels of pork consumption and declining levels of foodborne illness caused by pork. Effects of increased levels of Manure Production are not quantifiable in terms of effects on human health. The presence of major pathogens in Manure and movement to human food sources and water are considered on the basis of available data. Survival of the organisms in soil, Manure, and water indicate significant variability in resistance to environmental challenge that are characteristic of the organisms themselves. Generally, pathogens survived longer in environmental samples at cool temperatures but differences were seen in liquid and solid Manure. Based on actual data plus some data extrapolated from cattle Manure environments, holding Manure at 25 degrees C for 90 d will render it free from the pathogens considered above.

Kashif Ur Rehman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • cellulose decomposition and larval biomass Production from the co digestion of dairy Manure and chicken Manure by mini livestock hermetia illucens l
    Journal of Environmental Management, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kashif Ur Rehman, Longyu Zheng, Ziniu Yu, Xiaopeng Xiao, Abdul Aziz Soomro, Yusha Zhou, Wu Li, Hui Wang, Jibin Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract World trends toward the modern dairies intensification on large Production units cause massive animal Manure Production and accumulation. Improper handling of Manure produced by industrial farm operation greatly deteriorates the major environmental media including air, water and soil. The black soldier fly utilizes organic waste and converts it into larvae biomass to be used as livestock feed and into residues to be used as bio-fertilizer. However, due to the high ratio of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in dairy Manure, this conversion is difficult. Therefore, dairy Manure treated with chicken Manure was digested by Hermetia illucens . In this paper, we found that the co-digestion process significantly enhanced the larval Production, waste mass reduction, rate of larvae conversion, feed conversion ratio, nutrient reduction and fibers utilization. Whereas 40% dairy Manure and 60% chicken Manure group show better results than other Manure mixtures and had a significantly increased the cellulose consumption by 61.19%, hemicellulose consumption by 53.22% and lignin consumption by 42.23% compared with 49.89%, 49.77% and 31.95%, respectively, in the dairy-only Manure group. Finally, scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the structural changes of dairy Manure, chicken Manure and their co-digestion mixtures. The scan electron microscopy showed the deterioration in the structure of dairy and chicken Manure fibers by Hermetia illucens . Moreover, the carbon-nitrogen ratio was decreased in all end products of post vermicomposting. The results suggest that the co-digestion of 40% dairy Manure with 60% chicken Manure is an appropriate proportion for dairy Manure management with the black soldier fly.

  • conversion of mixtures of dairy Manure and soybean curd residue by black soldier fly larvae hermetia illucens l
    Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kashif Ur Rehman, Longyu Zheng, Ziniu Yu, Xiaopeng Xiao, Wu Li, Hui Wang, Abdul Rehman, Abdul Aziz Somroo, Jibin Zhang
    Abstract:

    The increasing numbers of dairy farms cause massive Manure Production and its improper disposal poses threats to the environment. Larvae of the black soldier fly (BSF) have the potential to convert this animal Manure into valuable biomass; however, the high fiber content of dairy Manure (DM) makes conversion difficult. Therefore, the goal of this investigation was to evaluate the impact of co-digestion of DM with another ecologically problematic waste source: soybean curd residue (SCR). The waste sources were fed to BSF larvae using different mixing ratios. DM and SCR mixed in a ratio of 2:3 was found to result in the best outcome measures: development time (21 days), survival rate (98.4%), waste mass reduction (75.4% wet and 56.6% dry waste mass), bioconversion (11.6% on wet and 14.6% dry mass base), feed conversion ratio (6.4 wet and 4.0 dry), nutrient utilization (nitrogen, 62.1%; phosphorus, 52.9%; carbon, 66.4%), and fiber content reduction (cellulose, 64.9%; hemicellulose, 63.7%; lignin, 36.9%). Analysis of the structural changes of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin by scanning electron microscopy let us assume that black soldier fly larval activity did leads to structural modifications of the fibers. We assume that those alterations of surface and texture are in favour of associated bacteria and thus contribute to waste reduction and larval growth. Our results show that co-conversion of DM with soybean residues by Hermetia illucens could play a vital role in DM management.

Tiffany T Y Guan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pathogen survival in swine Manure environments and transmission of human enteric illness a review
    Journal of Environmental Quality, 2003
    Co-Authors: Tiffany T Y Guan, Richard A Holley
    Abstract:

    The influence of zoonotic pathogens in animal Manure on human health and well-being as direct or indirect causes of human enteric illness is examined. Available international data are considered, but the study is focused on the developing situation in western Canada, where it is certain there will be further rapid growth in livestock numbers, particularly hogs. Major pathogens considered are Escherichia coli Ol57:H7, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia. Canada is now the leading exporter of pork internationally, but recent increases in Production contrasts with constant domestic levels of pork consumption and declining levels of foodborne illness caused by pork. Effects of increased levels of Manure Production are not quantifiable in terms of effects on human health. The presence of major pathogens in Manure and movement to human food sources and water are considered on the basis of available data. Survival of the organisms in soil, Manure, and water indicate significant variability in resistance to environmental challenge which are characteristic of the organisms themselves. Generally, pathogens survived longer in environmental samples at cool temperatures but differences were seen in liquid and solid Manure. Based on actual data plus some data extrapolated from cattle Manure environments, holding Manure at 25°C for 3 months will render it free from the pathogens considered above.

  • pathogen survival in swine Manure environments and transmission of human enteric illness a review
    Journal of Environmental Quality, 2003
    Co-Authors: Tiffany T Y Guan, Richard A Holley
    Abstract:

    The influence of zoonotic pathogens in animal Manure on human health and well-being as a direct or indirect cause of human enteric illness is examined. Available international data are considered, but the study is focused on the developing situation in western Canada, where it is certain there will be further rapid growth in livestock numbers, particularly hogs. Major pathogens considered are Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia. Canada is now the leading exporter of pork internationally, but recent increases in Production contrast with constant domestic levels of pork consumption and declining levels of foodborne illness caused by pork. Effects of increased levels of Manure Production are not quantifiable in terms of effects on human health. The presence of major pathogens in Manure and movement to human food sources and water are considered on the basis of available data. Survival of the organisms in soil, Manure, and water indicate significant variability in resistance to environmental challenge that are characteristic of the organisms themselves. Generally, pathogens survived longer in environmental samples at cool temperatures but differences were seen in liquid and solid Manure. Based on actual data plus some data extrapolated from cattle Manure environments, holding Manure at 25 degrees C for 90 d will render it free from the pathogens considered above.

Xiaopeng Xiao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • cellulose decomposition and larval biomass Production from the co digestion of dairy Manure and chicken Manure by mini livestock hermetia illucens l
    Journal of Environmental Management, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kashif Ur Rehman, Longyu Zheng, Ziniu Yu, Xiaopeng Xiao, Abdul Aziz Soomro, Yusha Zhou, Wu Li, Hui Wang, Jibin Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract World trends toward the modern dairies intensification on large Production units cause massive animal Manure Production and accumulation. Improper handling of Manure produced by industrial farm operation greatly deteriorates the major environmental media including air, water and soil. The black soldier fly utilizes organic waste and converts it into larvae biomass to be used as livestock feed and into residues to be used as bio-fertilizer. However, due to the high ratio of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in dairy Manure, this conversion is difficult. Therefore, dairy Manure treated with chicken Manure was digested by Hermetia illucens . In this paper, we found that the co-digestion process significantly enhanced the larval Production, waste mass reduction, rate of larvae conversion, feed conversion ratio, nutrient reduction and fibers utilization. Whereas 40% dairy Manure and 60% chicken Manure group show better results than other Manure mixtures and had a significantly increased the cellulose consumption by 61.19%, hemicellulose consumption by 53.22% and lignin consumption by 42.23% compared with 49.89%, 49.77% and 31.95%, respectively, in the dairy-only Manure group. Finally, scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the structural changes of dairy Manure, chicken Manure and their co-digestion mixtures. The scan electron microscopy showed the deterioration in the structure of dairy and chicken Manure fibers by Hermetia illucens . Moreover, the carbon-nitrogen ratio was decreased in all end products of post vermicomposting. The results suggest that the co-digestion of 40% dairy Manure with 60% chicken Manure is an appropriate proportion for dairy Manure management with the black soldier fly.

  • conversion of mixtures of dairy Manure and soybean curd residue by black soldier fly larvae hermetia illucens l
    Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kashif Ur Rehman, Longyu Zheng, Ziniu Yu, Xiaopeng Xiao, Wu Li, Hui Wang, Abdul Rehman, Abdul Aziz Somroo, Jibin Zhang
    Abstract:

    The increasing numbers of dairy farms cause massive Manure Production and its improper disposal poses threats to the environment. Larvae of the black soldier fly (BSF) have the potential to convert this animal Manure into valuable biomass; however, the high fiber content of dairy Manure (DM) makes conversion difficult. Therefore, the goal of this investigation was to evaluate the impact of co-digestion of DM with another ecologically problematic waste source: soybean curd residue (SCR). The waste sources were fed to BSF larvae using different mixing ratios. DM and SCR mixed in a ratio of 2:3 was found to result in the best outcome measures: development time (21 days), survival rate (98.4%), waste mass reduction (75.4% wet and 56.6% dry waste mass), bioconversion (11.6% on wet and 14.6% dry mass base), feed conversion ratio (6.4 wet and 4.0 dry), nutrient utilization (nitrogen, 62.1%; phosphorus, 52.9%; carbon, 66.4%), and fiber content reduction (cellulose, 64.9%; hemicellulose, 63.7%; lignin, 36.9%). Analysis of the structural changes of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin by scanning electron microscopy let us assume that black soldier fly larval activity did leads to structural modifications of the fibers. We assume that those alterations of surface and texture are in favour of associated bacteria and thus contribute to waste reduction and larval growth. Our results show that co-conversion of DM with soybean residues by Hermetia illucens could play a vital role in DM management.