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V.k. Garg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative analysis of vermicompost quality produced from rice straw and paper waste employing earthworm eisenia fetida sav
Bioresource Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Kavita Sharma, V.k. GargAbstract:Abstract Present study was undertaken to investigate the Vermicomposting of two different organic wastes (rice straw and paper waste) employing, Eisenia fetida. Nine feedstocks were prepared with different ratios of wastes using cow dung as bulking substrate. After pre-composting, worms were allowed to feed on different feedstocks for 105 days under laboratory conditions. The results showed that NPK content was higher in the vermicompost. Heavy metal content was also higher in the vermicomposts. Whereas total organic carbon and C:N ratio were lower after Vermicomposting, by 17.38–58.04% and 19–102% respectively. SEM images revealed changes in the morphology of vermicompost. Earthworm growth and reproduction was significant in different feedstocks except one containing 50% rice straw depicting that this ratio is not suitable for the earthworms. Results further demonstrated that proportion of bulking substrate affect the earthworm growth and reproduction.
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comparative assessment of heavy metals content during the composting and Vermicomposting of municipal solid waste employing eudrilus eugeniae
Waste Management, 2015Co-Authors: Nuhaa Soobhany, Romeela Mohee, V.k. GargAbstract:Abstract This study was undertaken to have comparative assessment of heavy metals content during composting and Vermicomposting processing of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). Six scenarios were set up in which three experiments were for composting (controls) denoted as S1 for food waste, S2 for paper waste and S3 for yard waste and the corresponding replicates for Vermicomposting processes were S4, S5 and S6. Vermicomposting caused significant reduction in Cd (43.3–73.5%), Cr (11.3–52.8%), Cu (18.9–62.5%), Co (21.4–47.6%), Zn (34.6%) and Ni (19.9–49.6%) compared to composting which showed a progressive increase. Addition of worms did not show any effect on Fe and Mn, most probably from the genesis of organic-bound complexes. The efficacy of utilizing Eudrilus eugeniae was indicated by the high values of bioconcentration factors (BCFs) which were in the order of Cd > Ni > Cu > Co > Cr > Zn and the increase amount of these metals in the earthworms’ tissue after the Vermicomposting processes. Different values of BCFs were obtained for different heavy metals and this accounted that earthworms exert different metabolic mechanisms. Regression analysis of the reduction percentages ( R ) in relation to BCF showed that RCd tot.S6 , RCr tot.S5 and RCu tot.S6 were significantly correlated with BCF Cd.S6 , BCF Cr.S5 and BCF Cu.S6 respectively. Thus, in comparison to simple composting processes, data analysis suggested the feasibility of inoculating E. eugeniae to MSW in order to mitigate the content of toxic heavy metals.
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organic manure production from cow dung and biogas plant slurry by Vermicomposting under field conditions
International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture, 2013Co-Authors: Anoop Yadav, Renuka Gupta, V.k. GargAbstract:Vermicomposting is a biological process which may be a future technology for the management of animal excreta. This study was undertaken to produce vermicompost from cow dung and biogas plant slurry under field conditions. To achieve the objectives, two Vermicomposting units containing cow dung (CD) and biogas plant slurry (BPS) were established, inoculated with Eisenia fetida species of earthworm and allowed to be vermicomposted for 3 months. After 3 months, the vermicompost was harvested and characterized. The results showed that the vermicompost had lower pH, total organic carbon (TOC), organic matter (OM) and carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) but higher electrical conductivity (EC), nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium (NPK) content than the raw substrate. The heavy metal content in vermicomposts was higher than raw substrates. During Vermicomposting, the CD and BPS were converted into a homogeneous, odourless and stabilized humus-like material. This experiment demonstrates that Vermicomposting is an environmentally sustainable method for the management of animal excreta.
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management of food industry waste employing Vermicomposting technology
Bioresource Technology, 2012Co-Authors: V.k. Garg, Surindra Sutha, Anoop YadavAbstract:Abstract This paper reports the Vermicomposting of food industry sludges (FIS) mixed with different organic wastes employing Eisenia fetida . A total of 10 Vermicomposting units containing different wastes combinations were established. After 15 weeks significant increase in total nitrogen (N total ) (60–214%), total available phosphorous (P avail ) (35.8–69.6%), total sodium (Na total ) (39–95%), and total potassium (K total ) (43.7–74.1%), while decrease in pH (8.45–19.7%), total organic carbon (OC total ) (28.4–36.1%) and C:N ratio (61.2–77.8%) was recorded. The results indicated that FIS may be converted into good quality manure by Vermicomposting if spiked with other organic wastes in appropriate quantities.
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Industrial wastes and sludges management by Vermicomposting
Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio Technology, 2011Co-Authors: Anoop Yadav, V.k. GargAbstract:Vermicomposting has been arising as an innovative ecotechnology for the conversion of various types of wastes into vermicompost. Vermicompost is humus like, finely granulated and stabilized material which can be used as a soil conditioner to reintegrate the organic matter to the agricultural soils. Industrial wastes remain largely unutilized and often cause environmental problems like ground and surface water pollution, foul odours, occupying vast land areas etc. Non-toxic and organic industrial wastes could be potential raw material for vermitechnology. In the last two decades, vermitechnology has been applied for the management of industrial wastes and sludges and to convert them into vermicompost for land restoration practices. The success of the process depends upon several process parameters like quality of raw material, pH, temperature, moisture, aeration etc., type of Vermicomposting system and earthworm species used. The review discusses the vermitechnology and the present state of research in the Vermicomposting industrial sludges and wastes.
Meiya Xing - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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speciation and transformation of heavy metals during Vermicomposting of animal manure
Bioresource Technology, 2016Co-Authors: Meiya Xing, Jia YangAbstract:This work was conducted to evaluate the effects of Vermicomposting on the speciation and mobility of heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cr, and Cu) in cattle dung (CD) and pig manure (PM) using tessier sequential extraction method. Results showed that the pH, total organic carbon and C/N ratio were reduced, while the electric conductivity and humic acid increased after 90days Vermicomposting. Moreover, the addition of earthworm could accelerate organic stabilization in Vermicomposting. The total heavy metals in final vermicompost from CD and PM were higher than the initial values and the control without worms. Sequential extraction indicated that Vermicomposting decreased the migration and availability of heavy metals, and the earthworm could reduce the mobile fraction, while increase the stable fraction of heavy metals. Furthermore, these results indicated that Vermicomposting played a positive role in stabilizing heavy metals in the treatment of animal manure.
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pyrosequencing reveals bacterial community differences in composting and Vermicomposting on the stabilization of mixed sewage sludge and cattle dung
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2015Co-Authors: Meiya Xing, Jia Yang, Liangbo ZhangAbstract:This study aimed to compare the microbial community structures and compositions in composting and Vermicomposting processes. We applied 454 high-throughput pyrosequencing to analyze the 16S rRNA gene of bacteria obtained from bio-stabilization of sewage sludge and cattle dung. Results demonstrated that Vermicomposting process presented higher operational taxonomic units and bacterial diversity than the composting. Analysis using weighted UniFrac indicated that composting exhibited higher effects on shaping microbial community structure than the Vermicomposting. The succession of dominant bacteria was also detected during composting. Firmicutes was the dominant bacteria in the thermophilic phase of composting and shifted to Actinomycetes in the maturing stage. By contrast, Proteobacteria accounted for the highest proportions in the whole process of the Vermicomposting. Furthermore, Vermicomposting contained more uncultured and unidentified bacteria at the taxonomy level of genus than the composting. In summary, the bacterial community during composting significantly differed from that during Vermicomposting. These two techniques played different roles in changing the diversity and composition of microbial communities.
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insight into the roles of earthworm in Vermicomposting of sewage sludge by determining the water extracts through chemical and spectroscopic methods
Bioresource Technology, 2014Co-Authors: Jia Yang, Jie Zhang, Meiya XingAbstract:Abstract This work illustrated the effects of earthworm in Vermicomposting ( Eisenia fetida ) by determining the water-extracts through chemical and spectroscopic methods. A field experiment with sludge as the only feed was subjected to Vermicomposting and the control (without worms) for three weeks. Compared to the control, Vermicomposting resulted in lower pH and water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC) along with higher electrical conductivity (EC). Moreover, Vermicomposting caused nearly two times higher content of water-extractable nitrate ( WEN- NO 3 - ) than the control. Furthermore, fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) revealed that Vermicomposting promoted the hydrolysis/transformation of macromolecular organic matters and accelerated the degradation of polysaccharide-like and protein-like materials. Fluorescence spectroscopy also reflected Vermicomposting led to higher humification degree than the control. In all, this study supplies a new view to assess the roles of earthworm in Vermicomposting of sewage sludge by evaluating the water extracts.
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chemical and spectroscopic characterization of water extractable organic matter during Vermicomposting of cattle dung
Bioresource Technology, 2013Co-Authors: Meiya Xing, Jia YangAbstract:This work illustrated the characteristics and transformation of water extractable organic matter (WEOM) during vermistabilization (Eisenia fetida) of cattle dung by means of chemical and spectroscopic methods. The independent experiment conducted in triplicate was sampled at the 0, 7, 14, 21, 35, 60 and 90days. Results showed that the DOC kept steady around 2.7gkg(-1) after day 60 and the DOC/DON ratio decreased from 19.77 to 5.26 till the end of Vermicomposting. On the other hand, Vermicomposting decreased the aliphatic, proteinaceous, carbohydrates components and increased the aromaticity and oxygen-containing functional groups in the WEOM. Moreover, fluorescence spectra and fluorescence regional integration (FRI) results indicated that protein-like groups were degraded and fulvic and humic acid-like compounds were evolved during the Vermicomposting process. In all, this study suggested the suitability of WEOM for monitoring the organics transformation and assessing the maturity in the Vermicomposting.
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changes in the chemical characteristics of water extracted organic matter from Vermicomposting of sewage sludge and cow dung
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2012Co-Authors: Meiya Xing, Jia Yang, Zhidong HuangAbstract:H nuclear magnetic resonance Fluorescence spectra a b s t r a c t The chemical changes of water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) from five different substrates of sewage sludge enriched with different proportions of cow dung after Vermicomposting with Eisenia fetida were investigated using various analytical approaches. Results showed that dissolved organic carbon, chemical oxygen demand, and C/N ratio of the substrates decreased significantly after Vermicomposting process. The aromaticity of WEOM from the substrates enhanced considerably, and the amount of volatile fatty acids declined markedly, especially for the cow dung substrate. Gel filtration chromatography analysis showed that the molecular weight fraction between 103 and 106 Da became the main part of WEOM in the final product. 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra revealed that the proportion of H moieties in the area of 0.00–3.00 ppm decreased, while increasing at 3.00–4.25 ppm after Vermicomposting. Fluorescence spectra indicated that Vermicomposting caused the degradation of protein-like groups, and the formation of fulvic and humic acid-like compounds in the WEOM of the substrates. Overall results indicate clearly that Vermicomposting promoted the degradation and transformation of liable WEOM into biological stable substances in sewage sludge and cow dung alone, as well as in mixtures of both materials, and testing the WEOM might be an effective way to evaluate the biological maturity and chemical
Jia Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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speciation and transformation of heavy metals during Vermicomposting of animal manure
Bioresource Technology, 2016Co-Authors: Meiya Xing, Jia YangAbstract:This work was conducted to evaluate the effects of Vermicomposting on the speciation and mobility of heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cr, and Cu) in cattle dung (CD) and pig manure (PM) using tessier sequential extraction method. Results showed that the pH, total organic carbon and C/N ratio were reduced, while the electric conductivity and humic acid increased after 90days Vermicomposting. Moreover, the addition of earthworm could accelerate organic stabilization in Vermicomposting. The total heavy metals in final vermicompost from CD and PM were higher than the initial values and the control without worms. Sequential extraction indicated that Vermicomposting decreased the migration and availability of heavy metals, and the earthworm could reduce the mobile fraction, while increase the stable fraction of heavy metals. Furthermore, these results indicated that Vermicomposting played a positive role in stabilizing heavy metals in the treatment of animal manure.
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pyrosequencing reveals bacterial community differences in composting and Vermicomposting on the stabilization of mixed sewage sludge and cattle dung
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2015Co-Authors: Meiya Xing, Jia Yang, Liangbo ZhangAbstract:This study aimed to compare the microbial community structures and compositions in composting and Vermicomposting processes. We applied 454 high-throughput pyrosequencing to analyze the 16S rRNA gene of bacteria obtained from bio-stabilization of sewage sludge and cattle dung. Results demonstrated that Vermicomposting process presented higher operational taxonomic units and bacterial diversity than the composting. Analysis using weighted UniFrac indicated that composting exhibited higher effects on shaping microbial community structure than the Vermicomposting. The succession of dominant bacteria was also detected during composting. Firmicutes was the dominant bacteria in the thermophilic phase of composting and shifted to Actinomycetes in the maturing stage. By contrast, Proteobacteria accounted for the highest proportions in the whole process of the Vermicomposting. Furthermore, Vermicomposting contained more uncultured and unidentified bacteria at the taxonomy level of genus than the composting. In summary, the bacterial community during composting significantly differed from that during Vermicomposting. These two techniques played different roles in changing the diversity and composition of microbial communities.
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insight into the roles of earthworm in Vermicomposting of sewage sludge by determining the water extracts through chemical and spectroscopic methods
Bioresource Technology, 2014Co-Authors: Jia Yang, Jie Zhang, Meiya XingAbstract:Abstract This work illustrated the effects of earthworm in Vermicomposting ( Eisenia fetida ) by determining the water-extracts through chemical and spectroscopic methods. A field experiment with sludge as the only feed was subjected to Vermicomposting and the control (without worms) for three weeks. Compared to the control, Vermicomposting resulted in lower pH and water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC) along with higher electrical conductivity (EC). Moreover, Vermicomposting caused nearly two times higher content of water-extractable nitrate ( WEN- NO 3 - ) than the control. Furthermore, fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) revealed that Vermicomposting promoted the hydrolysis/transformation of macromolecular organic matters and accelerated the degradation of polysaccharide-like and protein-like materials. Fluorescence spectroscopy also reflected Vermicomposting led to higher humification degree than the control. In all, this study supplies a new view to assess the roles of earthworm in Vermicomposting of sewage sludge by evaluating the water extracts.
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chemical and spectroscopic characterization of water extractable organic matter during Vermicomposting of cattle dung
Bioresource Technology, 2013Co-Authors: Meiya Xing, Jia YangAbstract:This work illustrated the characteristics and transformation of water extractable organic matter (WEOM) during vermistabilization (Eisenia fetida) of cattle dung by means of chemical and spectroscopic methods. The independent experiment conducted in triplicate was sampled at the 0, 7, 14, 21, 35, 60 and 90days. Results showed that the DOC kept steady around 2.7gkg(-1) after day 60 and the DOC/DON ratio decreased from 19.77 to 5.26 till the end of Vermicomposting. On the other hand, Vermicomposting decreased the aliphatic, proteinaceous, carbohydrates components and increased the aromaticity and oxygen-containing functional groups in the WEOM. Moreover, fluorescence spectra and fluorescence regional integration (FRI) results indicated that protein-like groups were degraded and fulvic and humic acid-like compounds were evolved during the Vermicomposting process. In all, this study suggested the suitability of WEOM for monitoring the organics transformation and assessing the maturity in the Vermicomposting.
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changes in the chemical characteristics of water extracted organic matter from Vermicomposting of sewage sludge and cow dung
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2012Co-Authors: Meiya Xing, Jia Yang, Zhidong HuangAbstract:H nuclear magnetic resonance Fluorescence spectra a b s t r a c t The chemical changes of water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) from five different substrates of sewage sludge enriched with different proportions of cow dung after Vermicomposting with Eisenia fetida were investigated using various analytical approaches. Results showed that dissolved organic carbon, chemical oxygen demand, and C/N ratio of the substrates decreased significantly after Vermicomposting process. The aromaticity of WEOM from the substrates enhanced considerably, and the amount of volatile fatty acids declined markedly, especially for the cow dung substrate. Gel filtration chromatography analysis showed that the molecular weight fraction between 103 and 106 Da became the main part of WEOM in the final product. 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra revealed that the proportion of H moieties in the area of 0.00–3.00 ppm decreased, while increasing at 3.00–4.25 ppm after Vermicomposting. Fluorescence spectra indicated that Vermicomposting caused the degradation of protein-like groups, and the formation of fulvic and humic acid-like compounds in the WEOM of the substrates. Overall results indicate clearly that Vermicomposting promoted the degradation and transformation of liable WEOM into biological stable substances in sewage sludge and cow dung alone, as well as in mixtures of both materials, and testing the WEOM might be an effective way to evaluate the biological maturity and chemical
Satya Sundar Bhattacharya - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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intensification of vermitechnology for kitchen vegetable waste and paddy straw employing earthworm consortium assessment of maturity time microbial community structure and economic benefit
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018Co-Authors: Nazneen Hussain, Linee Goswami, Subhasish Das, Pallabi Das, Banashree Sahariah, Satya Sundar BhattacharyaAbstract:Abstract Vermicomposting is usually performed with one earthworm species. However, use of a consortium of two or more species (Eisenia fetida, Eudrilus eugeniae, and Perionyx excavatus) is rare. Research on optimization of Vermicomposting duration is also insufficient. Three earthworm species in various combinations were fed with cowdung mixed biowaste feedstock. Organic C, C/N ratio, compost respiration, coliform count, toxic metals, and alkalinity reduced at maturity; whereas, earthworm biomass, NPK availability, enzyme activity, microbial growth, and humic substances remarkably improved under consortium systems. Thus, the harvest quality was optimized sooner under Vermicomposting (40–60 days) than composting (>100 days). Phospho-lipid fatty-acid (PLFA) analyses revealed the enriched variations in microbial community structure and fatty-acid profiles in consortium treated vermicomposts. Overall, the Eisenia+Eudrilus+Perionyx consortium produced the best quality compost in the shortest duration (40–50 days) followed by Eisenia+Eudrilus and Eisenia+Perionyx consortia. Tomato seed germination and root-shoot vigors were significantly greater in consortia mediated systems. Moreover, economic assessment confirmed the advantage of consortium mediated vermitechnology.
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exploring metal detoxification and accumulation potential during Vermicomposting of tea factory coal ash sequential extraction and fluorescence probe analysis
Scientific Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Linee Goswami, P Bhattacharyya, Sanjay Pratihar, Suman Dasgupta, Pronab Mudoi, Jayanta Bora, Satya Sundar BhattacharyaAbstract:Metal contamination from coal ashes (CAs) is widely recognized as a significant environmental concern. To learn more about metal detoxification and accumulation potential of earthworm species, metal-rich tea factory coal ashes (TFCA) were fed to Eisenia fetida and Lampito mauritii by employing a fluorescent tag detection method. Fascinatingly, on feeding fluorescence probed Zn and Cd along with cow dung to Eisenia fetida, the detection of the gut-proteins with a molecular mass higher than 100 kDa was a distinct evidence of metal binding. Significant increases were observed in the content of humified organic C [humic acid (HAC) and fulvic acid C (FAC)] and degree of humification during Vermicomposting. Concurrently, considerably large amount of toxic metals (Cr, Cd, Pb, and Zn) was transformed from exchangeable to recalcitrant (organic matter and mineral bound) fractions. Moreover, total metal concentrations were reduced with high removal efficiency upon Vermicomposting.
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metal remediation and biodegradation potential of earthworm species on municipal solid waste a parallel analysis between metaphire posthuma and eisenia fetida
Bioresource Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Banashree Sahariah, Linee Goswami, P Bhattacharyya, Satya Sundar BhattacharyaAbstract:Information on Vermicomposting with Metaphire posthuma is scanty. This paper, therefore, aims to evaluate the bioconversion efficiency of this species against Eiseniafetida. For comparative analysis, different combinations of municipal solid waste (MSW) and cow dung were used as substrates. The contents of total N and availability of P, K, and Fe increased significantly in both Metaphire and Eisenia systems which was accompanied by substantial reduction in pH and total organic C. Both species exhibited similar levels of urease activity and microbial respiration. Moreover, bioavailability of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Mn, and Cu) was reduced substantially during Vermicomposting, irrespective of the earthworm species. In contrast, each species was distinguished by the enhancement either in microbial biomass C and phosphatase activity (Eisenia) or in humification and fulvic/humic acid C (Metaphire). The overall results suggest that indigenous earthworm, M.posthuma could be utilized as a successful candidate for bioprocessing of toxic wastes.
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hazard remediation and recycling of tea industry and paper mill bottom ash through vermiconversion
Chemosphere, 2013Co-Authors: Linee Goswami, Arbind Kumar Patel, Ganesh Dutta, P Bhattacharyya, Nirmali Gogoi, Satya Sundar BhattacharyaAbstract:Considerable amount of bottom ash (BA) is produced by tea and paper factories in Northeast India. This significantly deteriorates soil and surface water quality through rapid acidification, releasing sulfur compounds and heavy metals. The present investigation endeavoured to convert this waste to organic manure through Vermicomposting by Eisenia fetida. Substantial increment in bioavailability of N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn along with remarkable decline in toxic metal like Cr due to Vermicomposting was noteworthy. Furthermore, vermicomposted mixtures of Tea Factory BA (TFBA) or Paper Mill BA (PMBA) with organic matter (OM) attributed profuse pod yield of French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Hence, bioconversion of TFBA and PMBA is highly feasible through Vermicomposting and the converted materials can be utilized as potential organic fertilizer.
Anoop Yadav - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biotransformation of bakery industry sludge into valuable product using Vermicomposting
Bioresource Technology, 2019Co-Authors: Anoop Yadav, Vinod Kuma GargAbstract:Abstract The aim of present work was to evaluate periodic changes in bakery industry sludge during Vermicomposting. Six different blends of cow dung (CD) and bakery industry sludge (BIS) containing 10 to 50% of BIS were assessed in this study. Changes in physico-chemical parameters were evaluated at 21 days interval up to 105 days. Earthworms significantly increased NPK content and EC, while decreased pH, TOC and C: N ratio of BIS. After Vermicomposting, TKN, TAP and TK contents increased 2.0–3.5, 1.2–1.9 and 1.2–1.4 times, respectively as compared to initial blends. A significant reduction (65.4–83.5%) in C: N ratio was observed in all blends. The concentrations of metals were found to be higher in the vermicomposts as compared initial blends. It was inferred that bakery industry sludge spiked with cow dung can be biotransformed into valuable manure employing earthworms.
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organic manure production from cow dung and biogas plant slurry by Vermicomposting under field conditions
International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture, 2013Co-Authors: Anoop Yadav, Renuka Gupta, V.k. GargAbstract:Vermicomposting is a biological process which may be a future technology for the management of animal excreta. This study was undertaken to produce vermicompost from cow dung and biogas plant slurry under field conditions. To achieve the objectives, two Vermicomposting units containing cow dung (CD) and biogas plant slurry (BPS) were established, inoculated with Eisenia fetida species of earthworm and allowed to be vermicomposted for 3 months. After 3 months, the vermicompost was harvested and characterized. The results showed that the vermicompost had lower pH, total organic carbon (TOC), organic matter (OM) and carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) but higher electrical conductivity (EC), nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium (NPK) content than the raw substrate. The heavy metal content in vermicomposts was higher than raw substrates. During Vermicomposting, the CD and BPS were converted into a homogeneous, odourless and stabilized humus-like material. This experiment demonstrates that Vermicomposting is an environmentally sustainable method for the management of animal excreta.
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management of food industry waste employing Vermicomposting technology
Bioresource Technology, 2012Co-Authors: V.k. Garg, Surindra Sutha, Anoop YadavAbstract:Abstract This paper reports the Vermicomposting of food industry sludges (FIS) mixed with different organic wastes employing Eisenia fetida . A total of 10 Vermicomposting units containing different wastes combinations were established. After 15 weeks significant increase in total nitrogen (N total ) (60–214%), total available phosphorous (P avail ) (35.8–69.6%), total sodium (Na total ) (39–95%), and total potassium (K total ) (43.7–74.1%), while decrease in pH (8.45–19.7%), total organic carbon (OC total ) (28.4–36.1%) and C:N ratio (61.2–77.8%) was recorded. The results indicated that FIS may be converted into good quality manure by Vermicomposting if spiked with other organic wastes in appropriate quantities.
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Industrial wastes and sludges management by Vermicomposting
Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio Technology, 2011Co-Authors: Anoop Yadav, V.k. GargAbstract:Vermicomposting has been arising as an innovative ecotechnology for the conversion of various types of wastes into vermicompost. Vermicompost is humus like, finely granulated and stabilized material which can be used as a soil conditioner to reintegrate the organic matter to the agricultural soils. Industrial wastes remain largely unutilized and often cause environmental problems like ground and surface water pollution, foul odours, occupying vast land areas etc. Non-toxic and organic industrial wastes could be potential raw material for vermitechnology. In the last two decades, vermitechnology has been applied for the management of industrial wastes and sludges and to convert them into vermicompost for land restoration practices. The success of the process depends upon several process parameters like quality of raw material, pH, temperature, moisture, aeration etc., type of Vermicomposting system and earthworm species used. The review discusses the vermitechnology and the present state of research in the Vermicomposting industrial sludges and wastes.
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Vermicomposting an effective tool for the management of invasive weed parthenium hysterophorus
Bioresource Technology, 2011Co-Authors: Anoop Yadav, V.k. GargAbstract:Abstract This study reports the results of Vermicomposting with Eisenia fetida of Parthenium hysterophorus mixed with cow dung in different ratios (25%, 50% and 75%) in a 18 weeks experiment. In all the treatments, a decrease in pH, OC total and C:N ratio, but increase in EC, N total , P aval , Ca total , K total and heavy metals was recorded. The cocoons production and growth rate (biomass gain worm −1 day −1 ) were maximum in 100% cow dung. The results indicated that parthenium can be a raw material for Vermicomposting if mix with cow dung in appropriate quantity.
