The Experts below are selected from a list of 5031 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Marta Coll - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
An operational framework to assess the value of fisheries restricted areas for Marine Conservation
Marine Policy, 2019Co-Authors: Dimitra Petza, Marta Coll, Christos Chalkias, Nikoleta Koukourouvli, Vassiliki Vassilopoulou, Paraskevi K. Karachle, Vasiliki Markantonatou, Athanasios C. Tsikliras, Stelios KatsanevakisAbstract:Abstract An operational framework to assess the value of fisheries restricted areas (FRAs) for Marine Conservation was developed. Such a framework contributes to the wider concept of considering other effective area-based Conservation measures (OECMs), as complementing Conservation efforts and substantially contributing to effectively and equitably achieving Aichi biodiversity Target 11. A tailor-made multi-criteria decision analysis was designed and applied, for potential OECMs to be carefully assessed on a case-by-case basis and categorized according to their effectiveness in terms of contributing to Marine biodiversity Conservation. The official documentation and guidance provided by the IUCN were fully respected and made operational, providing a paradigm to managers and decision makers for assessing the contribution of FRAs to Marine Conservation under the OECM concept. The study also constitutes a review of the Conservation status of the Aegean Sea and provides scientific documentation to the managers and decision makers in the area to address spatial Conservation targets. By considering Natura 2000 sites as effective Marine protected areas (MPAs), the Aichi Target 11 is attained (14.94%) at national level (i.e. within the Greek territorial waters). At ecoregional level (i.e. including international waters of the Aegean Sea) the target is not achieved (6.66%). It is proposed that, by adding all effective FRAs and a number of less effective FRAs, under the condition of increasing their effectiveness for Conservation, to the network of MPAs in the area and designating them as OECMs, the Conservation target can be attained also at ecoregional level.
-
Advancing Marine Conservation in European and contiguous seas with the MarCons Action
Research Ideas and Outcomes, 2017Co-Authors: Stelios Katsanevakis, Vesna Mačić, Paolo Albano, Sylvaine Giakoumi, Simonetta Fraschetti, Marta Coll, Noam Levin, Peter Mackelworth, Peter Jones, Fabio BadalamentiAbstract:Cumulative human impacts have led to the degradation of Marine ecosystems and the decline of biodiversity in the European and contiguous seas. Effective Conservation measures are urgently needed to reverse these trends. Conservation must entail societal choices, underpinned by human values and worldviews that differ between the countries bordering these seas. Social, economic and political heterogeneity adds to the challenge of balancing Conservation with sustainable use of the seas. Comprehensive macro-regional coordination is needed to ensure effective Conservation of Marine ecosystems and biodiversity of this region. Under the European Union Horizon 2020 framework programme, the MarCons COST action aims to promote collaborative research to support Marine management, Conservation planning and policy development. This will be achieved by developing novel methods and tools to close knowledge gaps and advance Marine Conservation science. This action will provide support for the development of macro- regional and national policies through six key actions: to develop tools to analyse cumulative human impacts; to identify critical scientific and technical gaps in Conservation efforts; to improve the resilience of the Marine environment to global change and biological invasions; to develop frameworks for integrated Conservation planning across terrestrial, freshwater, and Marine environments; to coordinate Marine Conservation policy across national boundaries; and to identify effective governance approaches for Marine protected area management. Achieving the objectives of these actions will facilitate the integration of Marine Conservation policy into macro-regional maritime spatial planning agendas for the European and contiguous seas, thereby offsetting the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services in this region.
-
Space invaders; biological invasions in Marine Conservation planning
Diversity and Distributions, 2016Co-Authors: Sylvaine Giakoumi, Marta Coll, Salit Kark, Roberto Danovaro, François Guilhaumon, Antonio Terlizzi, Joachim Claudet, Serena Felline, Carlo Cerrano, Simonetta FraschettiAbstract:Aim Biological invasions are major contributors to global change and native biodiversity decline. However, they are overlooked in Marine Conservation plans. Here, we examine for the first time the extent to which Marine Conservation planning research has addressed (or ignored) biological invasions. Furthermore, we explore the change of spatial priorities in Conservation plans when different approaches are used to incorporate the presence and impacts of invasive species. Location Global analysis with a focus on the Mediterranean Sea region. Methods We conducted a systematic literature review consisting of three steps: (1) article selection using a search engine, (2) abstract screening and (3) review of pertinent articles, which were identified in the second step. The information extracted included the scale and geographical location of each case study as well as the approach followed regarding invasive species. We also applied the software Marxan to produce and compare Conservation plans for the Mediterranean Sea that either protect, or avoid areas impacted by invasives, or ignore the issue. One case study focused on the protection of critical habitats, and the other on endemic fish species. Results We found that of 119 papers on Marine spatial plans in specific biogeographic regions, only three (2.5%) explicitly took into account invasive species. When comparing the different Conservation plans for each case study, we found that the majority of selected sites for protection (ca. 80%) changed in the critical habitat case study, while this proportion was lower but substantial (27%) in the endemic fish species case study. Main conclusions Biological invasions are being widely disregarded when planning for Conservation in the Marine environment across local to global scales. More explicit consideration of biological invasions can significantly alter spatial Conservation priorities. Future Conservation plans should explicitly account for biological invasions to optimize the selection of Marine protected areas.
-
Marine Conservation challenges in an era of economic crisis and geopolitical instability the case of the mediterranean sea
Marine Policy, 2015Co-Authors: Stelios Katsanevakis, Sylvaine Giakoumi, Marta Coll, Noam Levin, Peter Mackelworth, Daniel Shkedi, Ran Levy, Adonis F Velegrakis, Drosos KoutsoubasAbstract:In the Mediterranean Sea, socio-economic drivers may accelerate the process of exclusive economic zone (EEZ) declarations. Despite the challenges, the EEZ declarations may provide important opportunities for leveraging change to national policy towards the development of large-scale Conservation of Marine ecosystems and biodiversity in this zone. Using the Mediterranean Sea as a case study, we aim to highlight a set of best practices that will maximize the potential for the development of large-scale Marine Conservation initiatives. These include a range of approaches, such as using surrogates to fill the many biodiversity data gaps in the region, further the development of consistent and open access databases, and the utilization of technological developments to improve monitoring, research and surveillance of less accessible and under-explored Marine areas. The integration of Mediterranean-wide and local Conservation efforts, the facilitation of transboundary collaboration, and the establishment of regional funds for Conservation will further enhance opportunities for Marine Conservation in this region.
-
Advancing Marine Conservation planning in the Mediterranean Sea
Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 2012Co-Authors: Sylvaine Giakoumi, Michelle Eva Portman, Tessa Mazor, Simonetta Fraschetti, Marta Coll, Jeroen Steenbeek, Salit Kark, Hugh P PossinghamAbstract:Twenty leading scientists in the field of Marine Conservation planning attended the first international workshop on Conservation planning in the Mediterranean Sea. This globally significant biodiversity hotspot has been subjected to human exploitation and degradation for 1,000s of years. Recently, several initiatives have tried to identify priority areas for Conservation across the Mediterranean Sea. However, none of these efforts have led to large-scale actions yet. The aim of the workshop was to establish a network of scientists who are involved in large-scale Conservation planning initiatives throughout the Mediterranean basin to promote collaboration and reduce redundancy in Conservation initiatives. The three focus groups of the workshop build on existing efforts and intend to deliver: (1) a roadmap for setting Conservation priorities, (2) a methodological framework for linking threats, actions and costs to improve the prioritization process, and (3) a systematic Conservation planning process tailored to complex environments such as the Mediterranean Sea. Joining forces and involving more scientists (especially from the South-eastern part of the region) in following meetings, the participants endeavour to provide guidelines on how to bridge the science-policy gap and hence aid decision-makers to take efficient Conservation actions.
Aletta Bonn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
social license through citizen science a tool for Marine Conservation
Ecology and Society, 2019Co-Authors: Rachel Kelly, Aysha Fleming, Gretta T. Pecl, Anett Richter, Aletta BonnAbstract:Active and meaningful public engagement is necessary to foster informed and publicly accepted natural resource management. Citizen science presents an important avenue by which to achieve such engagement. Citizen science is the active involvement of the public in science to address scientific questions, often of common interest or concern, by collecting and analyzing data, and publishing and communicating science via diverse outlets. Here, we explore whether and how citizen science can also play a role in generating social license for Marine Conservation, using European Marine citizen science as a case study. Social license is a concept that reflects community views and expectations on the use and management of natural resources. To date, social license in the Marine space has largely focused on public perceptions of industrial and extractive uses of the Marine environment, and limited research has explored social license for Conservation. We highlight important linkages between social license and citizen science that can work synergistically to support Conservation. We use in-depth qualitative interviews and a semiquantitative online survey of Marine citizen science coordinators to investigate how citizen science can play a role in enhancing social license and the mechanisms through which it can occur. Our findings indicate that citizen science can enhance social license by improving ocean literacy and Marine citizenship. We demonstrate that Marine citizen science has considerable potential to generate and develop social license for Marine Conservation in Europe and elsewhere.
-
Social licence through citizen science: A tool for Marine Conservation
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Rachel Kelly, Aysha Fleming, Gretta T. Pecl, Anett Richter, Aletta BonnAbstract:Citizen science can increase social licence for Conservation. With decreasing trust in government, active and meaningful public engagement in science and data collection is needed to foster informed and publically-accepted natural resource management. Citizen science presents a valuable avenue to achieve such engagement, in addition to other benefits. Citizen science is a partnership between scientists and the public to address scientific questions of common interest or often, concern, and to collect, analyse, publish and communicate data for science. This study explores whether citizen science can also play a role in generating social licence, using European Marine citizen science as a case study. To date, social licence in the Marine space has largely focused on industry and extractive uses of the Marine environment. However, much could be gained in exploring social licence for non-extractive uses including Marine Conservation and the best means to engage the public to support these efforts. Here, we use in-depth semi-quantitative interviews and online surveys to demonstrate how citizen science may play a role in enhancing social licence and the mechanisms through which this can occur. Our research suggests that citizen science can engage and inform the public about science and the Marine environment and can enhance the flow and exchange of information between society, science and Marine management. Citizen science may have considerable potential to generate and develop social licence for Marine Conservation in Europe and elsewhere.
Rachel Kelly - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
social license through citizen science a tool for Marine Conservation
Ecology and Society, 2019Co-Authors: Rachel Kelly, Aysha Fleming, Gretta T. Pecl, Anett Richter, Aletta BonnAbstract:Active and meaningful public engagement is necessary to foster informed and publicly accepted natural resource management. Citizen science presents an important avenue by which to achieve such engagement. Citizen science is the active involvement of the public in science to address scientific questions, often of common interest or concern, by collecting and analyzing data, and publishing and communicating science via diverse outlets. Here, we explore whether and how citizen science can also play a role in generating social license for Marine Conservation, using European Marine citizen science as a case study. Social license is a concept that reflects community views and expectations on the use and management of natural resources. To date, social license in the Marine space has largely focused on public perceptions of industrial and extractive uses of the Marine environment, and limited research has explored social license for Conservation. We highlight important linkages between social license and citizen science that can work synergistically to support Conservation. We use in-depth qualitative interviews and a semiquantitative online survey of Marine citizen science coordinators to investigate how citizen science can play a role in enhancing social license and the mechanisms through which it can occur. Our findings indicate that citizen science can enhance social license by improving ocean literacy and Marine citizenship. We demonstrate that Marine citizen science has considerable potential to generate and develop social license for Marine Conservation in Europe and elsewhere.
-
Social licence for Marine Conservation science
Frontiers in Marine Science, 2018Co-Authors: Rachel Kelly, Aysha Fleming, Gretta T. PeclAbstract:Marine environments are complex and dynamic social-ecological systems, where social perceptions of ocean stewardship are diverse, resource use is potentially unsustainable, and Conservation efforts rely strongly on public support or acceptance. Decreasing trust in science in recent years has led to weakened social acceptance and approval of Marine Conservation science. Social licence is a concept that reflects informal, unwritten public expectations about the impacts and benefits of industry and government practises, including research, on natural resources, including the ocean. Working toward improving social licence may provide opportunity to bolster support for Marine Conservation, by allowing communities to engage with Marine issues and Marine science, and voice their concerns and views. Here, we argue that Marine Conservation requires social licence and we highlight science advocacy, accomplished through outreach, as a means to achieve this. We identify a role for Marine Conservation science to engage with the public through advocacy to improve understanding and perceptions of Conservation. Drawing from the literature, we describe how science advocacy can enhance social licence for Marine Conservation research and outline four steps that can advise Marine Conservation scientists to achieve and promote social licence for their research and the wider Marine Conservation community.
-
Social licence through citizen science: A tool for Marine Conservation
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Rachel Kelly, Aysha Fleming, Gretta T. Pecl, Anett Richter, Aletta BonnAbstract:Citizen science can increase social licence for Conservation. With decreasing trust in government, active and meaningful public engagement in science and data collection is needed to foster informed and publically-accepted natural resource management. Citizen science presents a valuable avenue to achieve such engagement, in addition to other benefits. Citizen science is a partnership between scientists and the public to address scientific questions of common interest or often, concern, and to collect, analyse, publish and communicate data for science. This study explores whether citizen science can also play a role in generating social licence, using European Marine citizen science as a case study. To date, social licence in the Marine space has largely focused on industry and extractive uses of the Marine environment. However, much could be gained in exploring social licence for non-extractive uses including Marine Conservation and the best means to engage the public to support these efforts. Here, we use in-depth semi-quantitative interviews and online surveys to demonstrate how citizen science may play a role in enhancing social licence and the mechanisms through which this can occur. Our research suggests that citizen science can engage and inform the public about science and the Marine environment and can enhance the flow and exchange of information between society, science and Marine management. Citizen science may have considerable potential to generate and develop social licence for Marine Conservation in Europe and elsewhere.
John N. Kittinger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
an appeal for a code of conduct for Marine Conservation
Marine Policy, 2017Co-Authors: John N. Kittinger, Nathan J Bennett, Patrick Christie, Adam L Ayers, Phil Franks, David Gill, Rebecca L GrubyAbstract:Abstract Marine Conservation actions are promoted to conserve natural values and support human wellbeing. Yet the quality of governance processes and the social consequences of some Marine Conservation initiatives have been the subject of critique and even human rights complaints. These types of governance and social issues may jeopardize the legitimacy of, support for and long-term effectiveness of Marine Conservation. Thus, we argue that a clearly articulated and comprehensive set of social standards - a code of conduct - is needed to guide Marine Conservation. In this paper, we draw on the results of an expert meeting and scoping review to present key principles that might be taken into account in a code of conduct, to propose a draft set of foundational elements for inclusion in a code of conduct, to discuss the benefits and challenges of such a document, and to propose next steps to develop and facilitate the uptake of a broadly applicable code of conduct within the Marine Conservation community. The objectives of developing such a code of conduct are to promote fair Conservation governance and decision-making, socially just Conservation actions and outcomes, and accountable Conservation practitioners and organizations. The uptake and implementation of a code of conduct would enable Marine Conservation to be both socially acceptable and ecologically effective, thereby contributing to a truly sustainable ocean.
-
Incorporating historical perspectives into systematic Marine Conservation planning
2014Co-Authors: John N. Kittinger, John M. Pandolfi, Ruth H. Thurstan, Matthew Lybolt, Robert L Pressey, Simon P HartAbstract:Historical perspectives are highly relevant to Marine Conservation, yet rarely integrated into ocean planning efforts. By its nature, Marine Conservation planning is forward looking-concerned with measures that should be taken in the future. It usually focuses on mitigating anticipated adverse changes caused by current and future human activities, with the implicit assumption that present or recent conditions should be maintained. In this chapter, we show that without incorporating historical data and analysis, such approaches will, in the best case, cause us to aim too low; and in the worst case, they can result in inappropriate targets for planning and management. We review the role that historical perspectives can provide in Marine Conservation planning, highlight planning exercises in which this has occurred or has been discussed, and provide recommendations for researchers and planning practitioners. Using the systematic Conservation planning framework, we show that each planning stage can greatly benefit from a historical perspective and illustrate that failure to consider historical information reduces the effectiveness of Marine Conservation planning. We posit that historical perspectives may shift the Conservation focus from restoring previous ecosystem states to recovering critical ecosystem functions and processes that maintain resilience. Historical perspectives can fundamentally change the Conservation vision for a region, providing a window into possibilities for the future.
Gretta T. Pecl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
social license through citizen science a tool for Marine Conservation
Ecology and Society, 2019Co-Authors: Rachel Kelly, Aysha Fleming, Gretta T. Pecl, Anett Richter, Aletta BonnAbstract:Active and meaningful public engagement is necessary to foster informed and publicly accepted natural resource management. Citizen science presents an important avenue by which to achieve such engagement. Citizen science is the active involvement of the public in science to address scientific questions, often of common interest or concern, by collecting and analyzing data, and publishing and communicating science via diverse outlets. Here, we explore whether and how citizen science can also play a role in generating social license for Marine Conservation, using European Marine citizen science as a case study. Social license is a concept that reflects community views and expectations on the use and management of natural resources. To date, social license in the Marine space has largely focused on public perceptions of industrial and extractive uses of the Marine environment, and limited research has explored social license for Conservation. We highlight important linkages between social license and citizen science that can work synergistically to support Conservation. We use in-depth qualitative interviews and a semiquantitative online survey of Marine citizen science coordinators to investigate how citizen science can play a role in enhancing social license and the mechanisms through which it can occur. Our findings indicate that citizen science can enhance social license by improving ocean literacy and Marine citizenship. We demonstrate that Marine citizen science has considerable potential to generate and develop social license for Marine Conservation in Europe and elsewhere.
-
Social licence for Marine Conservation science
Frontiers in Marine Science, 2018Co-Authors: Rachel Kelly, Aysha Fleming, Gretta T. PeclAbstract:Marine environments are complex and dynamic social-ecological systems, where social perceptions of ocean stewardship are diverse, resource use is potentially unsustainable, and Conservation efforts rely strongly on public support or acceptance. Decreasing trust in science in recent years has led to weakened social acceptance and approval of Marine Conservation science. Social licence is a concept that reflects informal, unwritten public expectations about the impacts and benefits of industry and government practises, including research, on natural resources, including the ocean. Working toward improving social licence may provide opportunity to bolster support for Marine Conservation, by allowing communities to engage with Marine issues and Marine science, and voice their concerns and views. Here, we argue that Marine Conservation requires social licence and we highlight science advocacy, accomplished through outreach, as a means to achieve this. We identify a role for Marine Conservation science to engage with the public through advocacy to improve understanding and perceptions of Conservation. Drawing from the literature, we describe how science advocacy can enhance social licence for Marine Conservation research and outline four steps that can advise Marine Conservation scientists to achieve and promote social licence for their research and the wider Marine Conservation community.
-
Social licence through citizen science: A tool for Marine Conservation
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Rachel Kelly, Aysha Fleming, Gretta T. Pecl, Anett Richter, Aletta BonnAbstract:Citizen science can increase social licence for Conservation. With decreasing trust in government, active and meaningful public engagement in science and data collection is needed to foster informed and publically-accepted natural resource management. Citizen science presents a valuable avenue to achieve such engagement, in addition to other benefits. Citizen science is a partnership between scientists and the public to address scientific questions of common interest or often, concern, and to collect, analyse, publish and communicate data for science. This study explores whether citizen science can also play a role in generating social licence, using European Marine citizen science as a case study. To date, social licence in the Marine space has largely focused on industry and extractive uses of the Marine environment. However, much could be gained in exploring social licence for non-extractive uses including Marine Conservation and the best means to engage the public to support these efforts. Here, we use in-depth semi-quantitative interviews and online surveys to demonstrate how citizen science may play a role in enhancing social licence and the mechanisms through which this can occur. Our research suggests that citizen science can engage and inform the public about science and the Marine environment and can enhance the flow and exchange of information between society, science and Marine management. Citizen science may have considerable potential to generate and develop social licence for Marine Conservation in Europe and elsewhere.