The Experts below are selected from a list of 105 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Roland W. Scholz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ecosystem services from tropical forestry projects – The choice of international Market Actors
Forest Policy and Economics, 2007Co-Authors: Joachim Sell, Thomas Koellner, Olaf Weber, Lucio Pedroni, Wendy Proctor, Roland W. ScholzAbstract:Abstract Ecosystem services from tropical forestry draw increasing attention from the public and private sectors. However, the decision making of Market Actors involved in transactions concerning ecosystem services is not well known and described. The goal of this paper is to describe preferences of Market Actors for tropical forestry projects that provide ecosystem services. Preferences were elicited within an explorative questionnaire survey directed to Market Actors from Europe, Japan, Latin America, South East Asia and the USA. Participants represent 71 companies and organisations including banks, certifiers, consultants, governmental organizations, industrial companies and associations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and re-insurance companies. Preferences were elicited based on a set of 12 criteria that were established in a previous survey with the same Market Actor groups. In one approach for preference elicitation, we applied discriminant analysis based on the assessments of criteria performances and attractiveness of two hypothetical forestry projects. According to their criteria performance, we labelled the projects “business opportunity” and “sustainability”. The other approach was to let the participants weight the criteria directly without a given project context. The project “business opportunity” was significantly more attractive to participants than the project “sustainability”. This contradicted strongly the results of the direct weighting procedure, where criteria associated with the project “sustainability” received higher weights. We discuss this matter with regard to the phenomenon of framing effects. The discriminant model proved to be a useful method that allows the integration of a relatively large number of criteria that are necessary to cope with the complexity of decision problems related to tropical forestry. We critically compare our approach to choice experiments. In addition, we discuss implications of differences found between participants from tropical and non-tropical countries for the planning of Market transactions for ecosystem services.
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Decision criteria of European and Latin American Market Actors for tropical forestry projects providing environmental services
Ecological Economics, 2006Co-Authors: Joachim Sell, Thomas Koellner, Olaf Weber, Lucio Pedroni, Roland W. ScholzAbstract:Converting the environmental services of tropical forests from public goods to tradable services is a promising approach to sustaining tropical forests’ ecosystem functions and services. We hypothesize that the development of Markets for these environmental services will substantially depend on compliance with requirements of key Market Actors representing supply and demand sides. This paper analyzes Market Actors’ decision criteria related to engagement in tropical forestry projects that provide environmental services. In a questionnaire survey, 45 experts from Latin America and Europe representing key Market Actor groups, i.e., certifiers, consulting companies, financial institutions, governmental organizations, industrial companies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), were asked to name and weight criteria that tropical forestry projects should meet in order to attract their institution’s engagement. Many of these 45 institutions are already involved in several Market activities related to tropical forestry projects and environmental services, including asset management, certification, consultancy, credit business, investments, project ownership and trade/brokerage. The collected criteria cover a variety of topics that clearly go beyond frequently applied sustainability dimensions in forestry related multi-criteria based decision making, i.e., social, environmental and economic dimensions. For example, relatively many criteria involve topics such as project management, risk management or Marketing. While differences in criteria weighting among Market Actor groups are not significant, we found a significant interaction between criteria weights and the provenance of participants, indicating that Latin American and European Market Actors nominate and weight single decision criteria differently. The five criteria with highest mean weights in the European sample are social benefits, legal compliance, sustainability, environmental benefits and stakeholder participation. The Latin American Market Actors weighted highest expertise and capacity building, financial resources, political aspects, information management and Markets. Generally, Latin American Market Actors emphasize criteria related to Markets and information/knowledge management, whereas European participants tend to assign importance to social and environmental benefits and sustainability. The survey provides preliminary insights into bottom-up defined decision criteria relevant for key-Actors in the Market of tropical forestry-based environmental
Evan Mills - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Synergisms between climate change mitigation and adaptation: an insurance perspective
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2007Co-Authors: Evan MillsAbstract:As the world’s largest industry, the insurance sector is both an aggregator of the impacts of climate change and a Market Actor able to play a material role in decreasing the vulnerability of human and natural systems. This article reviews the implications of climate change for insurers and provides specific examples of insurance-relevant synergisms between adaptation and mitigation in the buildings and energy sectors, agriculture, forestry, and land use. Although insurance is far from a “silver bullet” in addressing climate change, it offers significant capacity and ability to understand, manage, and spread risks associated with weather-related events, more so today in industrialized countries but increasingly so in developing countries and economies in transition. Certain measures that integrate climate change mitigation and adaptation also bolster insurers’ solvency and profitability, thereby increasing their appeal. Promising strategies involve innovative products and systems for delivering insurance and the use of new technologies and practices that both reduce vulnerability to disaster-related losses and support sustainable development. However, climate change promises to erode the insurability of many risks, and insurance responses can be more reactive than proactive, resulting in compromised insurance affordability and/or availability. Public–private partnerships involving insurers and entities such as the international relief community offer considerable potential, but have not been adequately explored.
Ednildo Andrade Torres - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The impact of the board of directors on business climate change management: case of Brazilian companies
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2019Co-Authors: Daniel Kouloukoui, Marcia Mara De Oliveira Marinho, Sônia Maria Da Silva Gomes, Asher Kiperstok, Pieter De Jong, Ednildo Andrade TorresAbstract:The corporate sector is one of the main emitters in the world due to the production process and therefore is identified as a major contributor to climate change. In fact, the productive sector is both one of the major aggregators of the impacts of global climate change and a Market Actor who can play an important role in reducing, mitigating, and adapting the vulnerability of human and natural systems. The main objective of this study was to verify whether the climate change performance of Brazilian companies is influenced by the characteristics of the composition of the board of directors (BD). The performance here is measured according to company’s Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) score. The score, besides evaluating the quality and comprehensiveness of information provided on climate change mitigation strategies, evaluates the level of concrete and proactive actions, policies, and strategies adopted by companies to mitigate climate change. The study was based on the premise that climate risk management is the responsibility of the board, which is responsible for ratifying important decisions in the company. A multiple linear regression model based on data from the CDP of a sample size equivalent to 72 Brazilian companies, referring to the period among 2014 to 2018, totaling 360 observations listed on the Brazilian stock exchange showed that corporate climate management have significant and positive relationship with the size of the company’s BD, number of independent directors of the BD, Business Sustainability Index (ISE) participation, size of firm, profitability, and industry classification. The findings suggest several strategies that could be used to engage firm in climate management, among which the increase in the number of independent directors in the board composition. In other words, we have found that one of the most effective strategies of mitigation and adaptation that can inhibit or pressure companies to become involved in climate management is increasing the number of independent directors on the board of directors. This result, although based on Brazilian companies, can have implications for the rest of the world’s companies, since, regardless of country, the BD’s role remains the same, ratifying the important decisions in the organization. Therefore, proportion of the number of independent director’s increase leads to the improvement of the company’s involvement in climate issues. Thus, potential investors, for example, may require such a feature before investing in a particular company. In addition, we found that companies that strive to be part of the ISE developed by the São Paulo capital Market have a higher climate performance compared to companies that are not part of it, demonstrating therefore that ISE is a key instrument to get companies to increase their concern about environmental issues, in general, and climate, in particular. Thus, as global recommendations for mitigation/adaptation strategies, capital Markets around the world can also play an important role in the climate mitigation and adaptation process by creating ISE-like instruments and creating incentives for companies to strive to adhere to these instruments.
Joachim Sell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ecosystem services from tropical forestry projects – The choice of international Market Actors
Forest Policy and Economics, 2007Co-Authors: Joachim Sell, Thomas Koellner, Olaf Weber, Lucio Pedroni, Wendy Proctor, Roland W. ScholzAbstract:Abstract Ecosystem services from tropical forestry draw increasing attention from the public and private sectors. However, the decision making of Market Actors involved in transactions concerning ecosystem services is not well known and described. The goal of this paper is to describe preferences of Market Actors for tropical forestry projects that provide ecosystem services. Preferences were elicited within an explorative questionnaire survey directed to Market Actors from Europe, Japan, Latin America, South East Asia and the USA. Participants represent 71 companies and organisations including banks, certifiers, consultants, governmental organizations, industrial companies and associations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and re-insurance companies. Preferences were elicited based on a set of 12 criteria that were established in a previous survey with the same Market Actor groups. In one approach for preference elicitation, we applied discriminant analysis based on the assessments of criteria performances and attractiveness of two hypothetical forestry projects. According to their criteria performance, we labelled the projects “business opportunity” and “sustainability”. The other approach was to let the participants weight the criteria directly without a given project context. The project “business opportunity” was significantly more attractive to participants than the project “sustainability”. This contradicted strongly the results of the direct weighting procedure, where criteria associated with the project “sustainability” received higher weights. We discuss this matter with regard to the phenomenon of framing effects. The discriminant model proved to be a useful method that allows the integration of a relatively large number of criteria that are necessary to cope with the complexity of decision problems related to tropical forestry. We critically compare our approach to choice experiments. In addition, we discuss implications of differences found between participants from tropical and non-tropical countries for the planning of Market transactions for ecosystem services.
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Decision criteria of European and Latin American Market Actors for tropical forestry projects providing environmental services
Ecological Economics, 2006Co-Authors: Joachim Sell, Thomas Koellner, Olaf Weber, Lucio Pedroni, Roland W. ScholzAbstract:Converting the environmental services of tropical forests from public goods to tradable services is a promising approach to sustaining tropical forests’ ecosystem functions and services. We hypothesize that the development of Markets for these environmental services will substantially depend on compliance with requirements of key Market Actors representing supply and demand sides. This paper analyzes Market Actors’ decision criteria related to engagement in tropical forestry projects that provide environmental services. In a questionnaire survey, 45 experts from Latin America and Europe representing key Market Actor groups, i.e., certifiers, consulting companies, financial institutions, governmental organizations, industrial companies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), were asked to name and weight criteria that tropical forestry projects should meet in order to attract their institution’s engagement. Many of these 45 institutions are already involved in several Market activities related to tropical forestry projects and environmental services, including asset management, certification, consultancy, credit business, investments, project ownership and trade/brokerage. The collected criteria cover a variety of topics that clearly go beyond frequently applied sustainability dimensions in forestry related multi-criteria based decision making, i.e., social, environmental and economic dimensions. For example, relatively many criteria involve topics such as project management, risk management or Marketing. While differences in criteria weighting among Market Actor groups are not significant, we found a significant interaction between criteria weights and the provenance of participants, indicating that Latin American and European Market Actors nominate and weight single decision criteria differently. The five criteria with highest mean weights in the European sample are social benefits, legal compliance, sustainability, environmental benefits and stakeholder participation. The Latin American Market Actors weighted highest expertise and capacity building, financial resources, political aspects, information management and Markets. Generally, Latin American Market Actors emphasize criteria related to Markets and information/knowledge management, whereas European participants tend to assign importance to social and environmental benefits and sustainability. The survey provides preliminary insights into bottom-up defined decision criteria relevant for key-Actors in the Market of tropical forestry-based environmental
Ernst Van Bemmelen Van Gent - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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criminalization of Market Actor behavior as regulatory tool the implementation in the netherlands of the eu directive 2014 57 mad ii on criminal sanctions for insider dealing and Market manipulation and its effects on the cooperation between the dutc
2015Co-Authors: Ernst Van Bemmelen Van GentAbstract:This article argues that criminal sanctions imposed by law enforcement bodies are less attractive than administrative sanctions by regulatory bodies that are embedded in the innovative traditions of regulatory science. However, it is observed that due to the mechanics of European law EU Directive 2014/57 has to be implemented in among others The Netherlands and consequently, the existing cooperation between law enforcer OM and regulatory body AFM can continue on the same basis as it operates prior to the implementation of this directive.