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Anne Eskild - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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paternal age placental weight and placental to birthweight ratio a population based study of 590 835 pregnancies
Human Reproduction, 2013Co-Authors: Ellen Marie Stromroum, Camilla Haavaldsen, Tom Tanbo, Anne EskildAbstract:STUDY QUESTION Is the age of the father associated with placental weight or the ratio of placental weight to birthweight? SUMMARY ANSWER Placental weight and placental to birthweight ratio increased according to increasing paternal age, also after adjustment for Maternal age. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY High paternal age and also high placental to birthweight ratio have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcome. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE AND DURATION We performed a population-based study and included all singleton births after 22 weeks of gestation in the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (n = 590,835) during the years 1999-2009. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We compared mean placental weight and placental to birthweight ratio between paternal age groups. The association of paternal age with placental weight was estimated by linear regression analyses, and adjustments were made for Maternal age, birthweight, parity, offspring sex, gestational age at birth, Maternal smoking, pre-eclampsia, Maternal Diabetes Mellitus and pregnancy after assisted reproductive technology (ART). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE In pregnancies with fathers aged 20-24 years old, the mean placental weight was 656.2 g [standard deviation (SD) 142.8], whereas it was 677.8 g (SD 160.0) in pregnancies with fathers aged 50 years or older (P < 0.001). The mean offspring birthweight in pregnancies with fathers aged 20-24 year old was 3465.0 g (SD 583.8), and it was 3498.9 g (SD 621.8) when the father was 50 years or older (P < 0.001). The placental to birthweight ratio in the corresponding paternal age groups were 0.191 (SD 0.039) and 0.196 (SD 0.044) (P < 0.001). In multivariable linear regression analysis the placentas in pregnancies fathered by a man of 50 years or older were estimated to weigh 13.99 g [95% confidence interval (CI) 10.88-17.10] more than in pregnancies with a 20-24-year-old father (P < 0.001) after adjustment for Maternal age, birthweight, parity, offspring sex, gestational age at birth, Maternal smoking, pre-eclampsia, Maternal Diabetes Mellitus and pregnancy after ART. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Paternal age explains only a small proportion of the total variation in placental weight. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our findings may increase the understanding of the father's role in human pregnancy. STUDY FUNDING/ COMPETING INTEREST(S) Norwegian Resource Centre for Women's Health, Norway. No conflict of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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placental weight relative to birthweight in pregnancies with Maternal Diabetes Mellitus
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 2013Co-Authors: Ellen Marie Stromroum, Camilla Haavaldsen, Tom Tanbo, Anne EskildAbstract:Objectives To study the association of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus with placental weight, birthweight and placental weight-to-birthweight ratio. Design Population-based study. Setting Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Population All singleton births in Norway during 1999-2008 (n = 536,997). Methods We compared the distribution of placental weight z-scores and placental weight-to-birthweight ratio between pregnancies with and without Diabetes. The associations of Diabetes with placental weight z-scores were also estimated as odds ratios with and without adjustment for birthweight, Maternal age, parity, preeclampsia, smoking and cesarean delivery. Main outcome measures Placental weight, birthweight and placental weight-to-birthweight ratio. Results Mean placental weight was 736.6 g in diabetic pregnancies and 672.1 g in non-diabetic pregnancies. The corresponding birthweights were 3682.1 g and 3557.0 g. In diabetic pregnancies, 26.2% of the placentas were in the highest decile of placental weight z-score, as compared with 9.7% in non-diabetic pregnancies (p Conclusions In diabetic pregnancies, placental weight as well as placental weight relative to birthweight were higher than in non-diabetic pregnancies.
Niklas Långström - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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association of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy with offspring adiposity into early adulthood sibling study in a prospective cohort of 280 866 men from 248 293 families
Circulation, 2011Co-Authors: Debbie A Lawlor, Paul Lichtenstein, Niklas LångströmAbstract:Background—Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy results in greater offspring adiposity at birth. It is unclear whether it is associated with greater adiposity into adulthood, and if so, whether ...
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association of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy with offspring adiposity into early adulthood sibling study in a prospective cohort of 280 866 men from 248 293 families
Circulation, 2011Co-Authors: Debbie A Lawlor, Paul Lichtenstein, Niklas LångströmAbstract:BACKGROUND: Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy results in greater offspring adiposity at birth. It is unclear whether it is associated with greater adiposity into adulthood, and if so, whether this is via intrauterine mechanisms or shared familial characteristics. METHODS AND RESULTS: A record-linkage prospective cohort study of 280,866 singleton-born Swedish men from 248,293 families was used to explore the intrauterine effect of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus on offspring body mass index (BMI) in early adulthood. Maternal Diabetes Mellitus during pregnancy was associated with greater mean BMI at age 18 in their sons. The difference in BMI was similar within brothers and between nonsiblings. BMI of men whose mothers had Diabetes Mellitus during their pregnancy was on average 0.94 kg/m² greater (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35 to 1.52) than in their brothers born before their mother was diagnosed with Diabetes, after adjustment for birth year, Maternal age, parity and education, birth weight, gestational age, and age at assessment of BMI. Early-pregnancy BMI was positively associated with son's BMI between nonsiblings, but there was no association within brothers. Adjustment of the Maternal Diabetes-offspring BMI association for Maternal BMI did not alter the association either within brothers or between nonsiblings. Results were also robust to sensitivity analyses restricting the within-sibling analyses to siblings born within 3 years of each other. CONCLUSION: Maternal Diabetes Mellitus has long-term consequences for greater BMI in offspring; this association is likely to be via intrauterine mechanisms, and is independent of Maternal BMI in early pregnancy.
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Association of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy With Offspring Adiposity Into Early Adulthood
Circulation, 2011Co-Authors: Debbie A Lawlor, Paul Lichtenstein, Niklas LångströmAbstract:Background—Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy results in greater offspring adiposity at birth. It is unclear whether it is associated with greater adiposity into adulthood, and if so, whether ...
Debbie A Lawlor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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association of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy with offspring adiposity into early adulthood sibling study in a prospective cohort of 280 866 men from 248 293 families
Circulation, 2011Co-Authors: Debbie A Lawlor, Paul Lichtenstein, Niklas LångströmAbstract:Background—Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy results in greater offspring adiposity at birth. It is unclear whether it is associated with greater adiposity into adulthood, and if so, whether ...
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association of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy with offspring adiposity into early adulthood sibling study in a prospective cohort of 280 866 men from 248 293 families
Circulation, 2011Co-Authors: Debbie A Lawlor, Paul Lichtenstein, Niklas LångströmAbstract:BACKGROUND: Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy results in greater offspring adiposity at birth. It is unclear whether it is associated with greater adiposity into adulthood, and if so, whether this is via intrauterine mechanisms or shared familial characteristics. METHODS AND RESULTS: A record-linkage prospective cohort study of 280,866 singleton-born Swedish men from 248,293 families was used to explore the intrauterine effect of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus on offspring body mass index (BMI) in early adulthood. Maternal Diabetes Mellitus during pregnancy was associated with greater mean BMI at age 18 in their sons. The difference in BMI was similar within brothers and between nonsiblings. BMI of men whose mothers had Diabetes Mellitus during their pregnancy was on average 0.94 kg/m² greater (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35 to 1.52) than in their brothers born before their mother was diagnosed with Diabetes, after adjustment for birth year, Maternal age, parity and education, birth weight, gestational age, and age at assessment of BMI. Early-pregnancy BMI was positively associated with son's BMI between nonsiblings, but there was no association within brothers. Adjustment of the Maternal Diabetes-offspring BMI association for Maternal BMI did not alter the association either within brothers or between nonsiblings. Results were also robust to sensitivity analyses restricting the within-sibling analyses to siblings born within 3 years of each other. CONCLUSION: Maternal Diabetes Mellitus has long-term consequences for greater BMI in offspring; this association is likely to be via intrauterine mechanisms, and is independent of Maternal BMI in early pregnancy.
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Association of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy With Offspring Adiposity Into Early Adulthood
Circulation, 2011Co-Authors: Debbie A Lawlor, Paul Lichtenstein, Niklas LångströmAbstract:Background—Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy results in greater offspring adiposity at birth. It is unclear whether it is associated with greater adiposity into adulthood, and if so, whether ...
Kypros H. Nicolaides - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Delivery on Fetal Erythropoietin and Blood Gases in Pregnancies with Maternal Diabetes Mellitus
Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, 1995Co-Authors: Douglas R. Salvesen, Michael J. Brudenell, Kypros H. NicolaidesAbstract:In 29 pregnancies complicated by Maternal Diabetes Mellitus paired samples of umbilical venous blood were obtained at cordocentesis and delivery to investigate the effect of delivery on indices of fet
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prediction of fetal acidaemia in pregnancies complicated by Maternal Diabetes Mellitus by biophysical profile scoring and fetal heart rate monitoring
British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1993Co-Authors: Douglas R. Salvesen, Michael J. Brudenell, Jill Freeman, Kypros H. NicolaidesAbstract:Objective To determine whether computer assisted fetal heart rate analysis or the biophysical profile score can provide noninvasive prediction of fetal acidaemia. Design Cross sectional study. Setting Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital School of Medicine, London. Subjects Forty-one women with pregnancies complicated by Diabetes Mellitus. Interventions Fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring with computer assisted analysis, biophysical profile score (BPS) and cordocentesis for measurement of umbilical venous blood glucose concentration and blood gases, up to 24 h before delivery at 27 to 39 weeks gestation. Results The mean umbilical venous blood pH was significantly lower than the normal mean for gestation, and was below the 5th centile in 18 pregnancies, including all six cases where the mother had nephropathy and hypertension. The mean pO2 was not significantly different from the normal mean for gestation. There were significant associations between fetal acidaemia and both the BPS (r= 0.46, P<0.01) and FHR variation (r= 0.42, P<0.01). However, of the 12 acidaemic fetuses of non-nephropathic mothers, nine had normal BPS and six had normal FHR variation. Conclusions In pregnancies complicated by Maternal Diabetes Mellitus, BPS and FHR variation are of limited value in the prediction of fetal blood pH.
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Placental and fetal Doppler velocimetry in pregnancies complicated by Maternal Diabetes Mellitus
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1993Co-Authors: Douglas R. Salvesen, Maria Teresa Higueras, Carlos A. Mansur, Jill Freeman, J. Michael Brudenell, Kypros H. NicolaidesAbstract:Objective: Our purpose was to investigate placental and fetal circulation in pregnancies complicated by Maternal Diabetes Mellitus and to relate any changes to fetal blood pH, P O 2 , and hematocrit. Study design: Doppler measurements of both uterine arteries, one umbilical artery, the fetal descending thoracic aorta, and one fetal middle cerebral artery were performed in 65 well-controlled diabetic pregnancies in a cross-sectional study at the Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, London. In 41 cases cordocentesis was also performed for the measurement of umbilical venous blood pH, P O 2 , and hematocrit. Results: The mean umbilical venous blood pH was significantly lower and the hematocrit significantly higher than the appropriate normal mean for gestation. However, the Doppler indices of the placental and fetal circulations were essentially normal, except in some of the cases complicated by preeclampsia or intrauterine growth retardation. Conclusions: Maternal Diabetes Mellitus is not associated with abnormalities in Doppler indexes of the placental or fetal circulations.
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Fetal polycythemia and thrombocytopenia in pregnancies complicated by Maternal Diabetes Mellitus.
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1992Co-Authors: Douglas R. Salvesen, Michael J. Brudenell, Kypros H. NicolaidesAbstract:In 40 pregnancies complicated by Maternal Diabetes Mellitus umbilical venous blood was obtained by cordocentesis within 24 hours of elective delivery at 36 to 40 weeks' gestation. The mean fetal hematocrit was significantly higher and the mean platelet count significantly lower than the corresponding values of our reference ranges. Furthermore, blood gas analysis demonstrated these fetuses to be normoxemic but acidemia The degree of fetal acidemia was significantly associated with both Maternal and fetal blood glucose concentrations. The fetal hematologic indices were significantly related to the Maternal glycosylated hemoglobin percentage but not to the degree of fetal acidemia or to the Maternal or fetal blood glucose concentration at the time of cordocentesis. Fetal acidemia, polycythemia, and thrombocytopenia may contribute to the increased incidence of late unexplained intrauterine deaths in pregnancies complicated by Maternal Diabetes Mellitus.
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fetal acidosis and hyperlacticaemia diagnosed by cordocentesis in pregnancies complicated by Maternal Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetic Medicine, 1991Co-Authors: R J Bradley, J. Michael Brudenell, Kypros H. NicolaidesAbstract:Fetal blood samples were obtained by cordocentesis (ultrasound guided needle aspiration) from 28 pregnant Type 1 diabetic women between 20 and 40 weeks' gestation. Analysis of the deviations from normal values of blood pH and plasma lactate showed significant acidosis (p less than 0.001) and hyperlacticaemia (p less than 0.01) in the third trimester, but not in the second trimester. Blood PO2 and PCO2 levels did not differ significantly from normal values. The pH showed significant correlations with PO2 (r = 0.54; p less than 0.01) PCO2 (r = -0.70; p less than 0.001), lactate (r = -0.46; p less than 0.05), fetal glycosylated haemoglobin (r = -0.53; p less than 0.01), and Maternal glycosylated haemoglobin (r = -0.57; p less than 0.01). Plasma lactate showed significant correlations with PO2 (r = -0.54; p less than 0.01), PCO2 (r = 0.50; p less than 0.05), and pH (r = -0.46; p less than 0.05). Neither pH nor lactate showed significant correlations with birthweight. These observations suggest that some fetuses of diabetic women are significantly acidotic and hyperlacticaemic in the third trimester. This may provide a possible explanation for the phenomenon of late intrauterine fetal death in pregnancies complicated by Maternal Diabetes Mellitus.
Paul Lichtenstein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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association of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy with offspring adiposity into early adulthood sibling study in a prospective cohort of 280 866 men from 248 293 families
Circulation, 2011Co-Authors: Debbie A Lawlor, Paul Lichtenstein, Niklas LångströmAbstract:Background—Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy results in greater offspring adiposity at birth. It is unclear whether it is associated with greater adiposity into adulthood, and if so, whether ...
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association of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy with offspring adiposity into early adulthood sibling study in a prospective cohort of 280 866 men from 248 293 families
Circulation, 2011Co-Authors: Debbie A Lawlor, Paul Lichtenstein, Niklas LångströmAbstract:BACKGROUND: Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy results in greater offspring adiposity at birth. It is unclear whether it is associated with greater adiposity into adulthood, and if so, whether this is via intrauterine mechanisms or shared familial characteristics. METHODS AND RESULTS: A record-linkage prospective cohort study of 280,866 singleton-born Swedish men from 248,293 families was used to explore the intrauterine effect of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus on offspring body mass index (BMI) in early adulthood. Maternal Diabetes Mellitus during pregnancy was associated with greater mean BMI at age 18 in their sons. The difference in BMI was similar within brothers and between nonsiblings. BMI of men whose mothers had Diabetes Mellitus during their pregnancy was on average 0.94 kg/m² greater (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35 to 1.52) than in their brothers born before their mother was diagnosed with Diabetes, after adjustment for birth year, Maternal age, parity and education, birth weight, gestational age, and age at assessment of BMI. Early-pregnancy BMI was positively associated with son's BMI between nonsiblings, but there was no association within brothers. Adjustment of the Maternal Diabetes-offspring BMI association for Maternal BMI did not alter the association either within brothers or between nonsiblings. Results were also robust to sensitivity analyses restricting the within-sibling analyses to siblings born within 3 years of each other. CONCLUSION: Maternal Diabetes Mellitus has long-term consequences for greater BMI in offspring; this association is likely to be via intrauterine mechanisms, and is independent of Maternal BMI in early pregnancy.
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Association of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy With Offspring Adiposity Into Early Adulthood
Circulation, 2011Co-Authors: Debbie A Lawlor, Paul Lichtenstein, Niklas LångströmAbstract:Background—Maternal Diabetes Mellitus in pregnancy results in greater offspring adiposity at birth. It is unclear whether it is associated with greater adiposity into adulthood, and if so, whether ...