The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Tijmen A G Hageman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a thermodynamic description of turbulence as a source of stochastic kinetic energy for 3d self assembly
Advanced Materials Interfaces, 2020Co-Authors: Per A Lothman, Tijmen A G Hageman, Miko Elwenspoek, Gijs Krijnen, Massimo Mastrangeli, Andreas Manz, Leon AbelmannAbstract:The extent to which one can use a thermodynamic description of turbulent flow as a source of stochastic kinetic energy for 3D self-assembly of magnetically interacting macroscopic particles is investigated. It is confirmed that the speed of the objects in the flow field generated in this system obeys the Maxwell–Boltzmann Distribution, and their random walk can be defined by a diffusion coefficient following from the Einstein relation. However, it is discovered that the analogy with Brownian dynamics breaks down when considering the directional components of the velocity. For the vectorial components, neither the equipartition theorem nor the Einstein relation is obeyed. Moreover, the kinetic energy estimated from the random walk of individual objects is one order of magnitude higher than the value estimated from Boltzmann statistics on the interaction between two spheres with embedded magnets. These results show that introducing stochastic kinetic energy into a self-assembly process by means of turbulent flow can to a great extent be described by standard thermodynamic theory, but anisotropies and the specific nature of the interactions need to be taken into account.
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a thermodynamic description of turbulence as a source of stochastic kinetic energy for 3d self assembly
arXiv: Applied Physics, 2019Co-Authors: Per A Lothman, Tijmen A G Hageman, Miko Elwenspoek, Gijs Krijnen, Massimo Mastrangeli, Andreas Manz, Leon AbelmannAbstract:We investigate to what extent one can use a thermodynamic description of turbulent flow as a source of stochastic kinetic energy for three-dimensional self-assembly of magnetically interacting macroscopic particles. We confirm that the speed of the objects in the flow field generated in our system obeys the Maxwell--Boltzmann Distribution, and their random walk can be defined by a diffusion coefficient following from the Einstein relation. However, we discovered that the analogy with Brownian dynamics breaks down when considering the directional components of the velocity. For the vectorial components, neither the equipartition theorem, nor the Einstein relation is obeyed. Moreover, the kinetic energy estimated from the random walk of individual objects is one order of magnitude higher than the value estimated from Boltzmann statistics on the interaction between two spheres with embedded magnets. These results show that introducing stochastic kinetic energy into a self-assembly process by means of turbulent flow can to a great extent be described by standard thermodynamic theory, but anisotropies and the specific nature of the interactions need to be taken into account.
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macroscopic equivalence for microscopic motion in a turbulence driven three dimensional self assembly reactor
Journal of Applied Physics, 2018Co-Authors: Per A Lothman, Tijmen A G Hageman, Miko Elwenspoek, M Dirnberger, Andreas ManzAbstract:We built and characterised a macroscopic self-assembly reactor that agitates magnetic, centimeter-sized particles with a turbulent water flow. By scaling up the self-assembly processes to the centimeter-scale, the characteristic time constants also drastically increase. This makes the system a physical simulator of microscopic self-assembly, where the interaction of inserted particles is easily observable. Trajectory analysis of single particles reveals their velocity to be a Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution and it shows that their average squared displacement over time can be modelled by a confined random walk model, demonstrating a high level of similarity to the Brownian motion. The interaction of two particles has been modelled and verified experimentally by observing the distance between two particles over time. The disturbing energy (analogue to temperature) that was obtained experimentally increases with sphere size and differs by an order of magnitude between single-sphere and two-sphere systems (ap...
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macroscopic equivalence for microscopic motion in a turbulence driven three dimensional self assembly reactor
arXiv: Soft Condensed Matter, 2017Co-Authors: Per A Lothman, Tijmen A G Hageman, Miko Elwenspoek, M Dirnberger, Andreas ManzAbstract:We built and characterised a macroscopic self-assembly reactor that agitates magnetic, centimeter-sized particles with a turbulent water flow. By scaling up the self-assembly processes to the centimeter-scale, the characteristic time constant scale also drastically increases. This makes the system a physical simulator of microscopic self-assembly, where the interaction of inserted particles are easily observable. Trajectory analysis of single particles reveals their velocity to be a Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution and it shows that their average squared displacement over time can be modelled by a confined random walk model, demonstrating a high level of similarity to Brownian motion. The interaction of two particles has been modelled and verified experimentally by observing the distance between two particles over time. The disturbing energy (analogue to temperature) that was obtained experimentally increases with sphere size, and differs by an order of magnitude between single-sphere and two-sphere systems (approximately 80 $\mathrm{\mu J}$ versus 6.5 $\mathrm{\mu J}$, respectively).
Peter J Skrdla - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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crystallizations solid state phase transformations and dissolution behavior explained by dispersive kinetic models based on a maxwell boltzmann Distribution of activation energies theory applications and practical limitations
Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2009Co-Authors: Peter J SkrdlaAbstract:The potential applications of dispersive kinetic models range from solid-state conversions to gas-phase chemical physics and to microbiology. Here, the derivation and application of two such models, for use in solid-state applications, is presented. The models are based on the concept of a Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution of activation energies. The ability of the models to fit/explain an assortment of asymmetric, sigmoidal conversion-versus-time transients presented in the recent literature, as well as to provide physicochemical interpretations of the kinetics via the two fit parameters, alpha and beta, makes them a powerful tool for understanding nucleation/denucleation rate-limited processes that are involved in many phase transformations, dissolutions and crystallizations.
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crystallizations solid state phase transformations and dissolution behavior explained by dispersive kinetic models based on a maxwell boltzmann Distribution of activation energies theory applications and practical limitations
Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2009Co-Authors: Peter J SkrdlaAbstract:The potential applications of dispersive kinetic models range from solid-state conversions to gas-phase chemical physics and to microbiology. Here, the derivation and application of two such models...
Per A Lothman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a thermodynamic description of turbulence as a source of stochastic kinetic energy for 3d self assembly
Advanced Materials Interfaces, 2020Co-Authors: Per A Lothman, Tijmen A G Hageman, Miko Elwenspoek, Gijs Krijnen, Massimo Mastrangeli, Andreas Manz, Leon AbelmannAbstract:The extent to which one can use a thermodynamic description of turbulent flow as a source of stochastic kinetic energy for 3D self-assembly of magnetically interacting macroscopic particles is investigated. It is confirmed that the speed of the objects in the flow field generated in this system obeys the Maxwell–Boltzmann Distribution, and their random walk can be defined by a diffusion coefficient following from the Einstein relation. However, it is discovered that the analogy with Brownian dynamics breaks down when considering the directional components of the velocity. For the vectorial components, neither the equipartition theorem nor the Einstein relation is obeyed. Moreover, the kinetic energy estimated from the random walk of individual objects is one order of magnitude higher than the value estimated from Boltzmann statistics on the interaction between two spheres with embedded magnets. These results show that introducing stochastic kinetic energy into a self-assembly process by means of turbulent flow can to a great extent be described by standard thermodynamic theory, but anisotropies and the specific nature of the interactions need to be taken into account.
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a thermodynamic description of turbulence as a source of stochastic kinetic energy for 3d self assembly
arXiv: Applied Physics, 2019Co-Authors: Per A Lothman, Tijmen A G Hageman, Miko Elwenspoek, Gijs Krijnen, Massimo Mastrangeli, Andreas Manz, Leon AbelmannAbstract:We investigate to what extent one can use a thermodynamic description of turbulent flow as a source of stochastic kinetic energy for three-dimensional self-assembly of magnetically interacting macroscopic particles. We confirm that the speed of the objects in the flow field generated in our system obeys the Maxwell--Boltzmann Distribution, and their random walk can be defined by a diffusion coefficient following from the Einstein relation. However, we discovered that the analogy with Brownian dynamics breaks down when considering the directional components of the velocity. For the vectorial components, neither the equipartition theorem, nor the Einstein relation is obeyed. Moreover, the kinetic energy estimated from the random walk of individual objects is one order of magnitude higher than the value estimated from Boltzmann statistics on the interaction between two spheres with embedded magnets. These results show that introducing stochastic kinetic energy into a self-assembly process by means of turbulent flow can to a great extent be described by standard thermodynamic theory, but anisotropies and the specific nature of the interactions need to be taken into account.
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macroscopic equivalence for microscopic motion in a turbulence driven three dimensional self assembly reactor
Journal of Applied Physics, 2018Co-Authors: Per A Lothman, Tijmen A G Hageman, Miko Elwenspoek, M Dirnberger, Andreas ManzAbstract:We built and characterised a macroscopic self-assembly reactor that agitates magnetic, centimeter-sized particles with a turbulent water flow. By scaling up the self-assembly processes to the centimeter-scale, the characteristic time constants also drastically increase. This makes the system a physical simulator of microscopic self-assembly, where the interaction of inserted particles is easily observable. Trajectory analysis of single particles reveals their velocity to be a Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution and it shows that their average squared displacement over time can be modelled by a confined random walk model, demonstrating a high level of similarity to the Brownian motion. The interaction of two particles has been modelled and verified experimentally by observing the distance between two particles over time. The disturbing energy (analogue to temperature) that was obtained experimentally increases with sphere size and differs by an order of magnitude between single-sphere and two-sphere systems (ap...
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macroscopic equivalence for microscopic motion in a turbulence driven three dimensional self assembly reactor
arXiv: Soft Condensed Matter, 2017Co-Authors: Per A Lothman, Tijmen A G Hageman, Miko Elwenspoek, M Dirnberger, Andreas ManzAbstract:We built and characterised a macroscopic self-assembly reactor that agitates magnetic, centimeter-sized particles with a turbulent water flow. By scaling up the self-assembly processes to the centimeter-scale, the characteristic time constant scale also drastically increases. This makes the system a physical simulator of microscopic self-assembly, where the interaction of inserted particles are easily observable. Trajectory analysis of single particles reveals their velocity to be a Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution and it shows that their average squared displacement over time can be modelled by a confined random walk model, demonstrating a high level of similarity to Brownian motion. The interaction of two particles has been modelled and verified experimentally by observing the distance between two particles over time. The disturbing energy (analogue to temperature) that was obtained experimentally increases with sphere size, and differs by an order of magnitude between single-sphere and two-sphere systems (approximately 80 $\mathrm{\mu J}$ versus 6.5 $\mathrm{\mu J}$, respectively).
B Ricci - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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helioseismology can test the maxwell boltzmann Distribution
Physics Letters B, 1998Co-Authors: S Deglinnocenti, G Fiorentini, M Lissia, Piero Quarati, B RicciAbstract:Abstract Nuclear reactions in stars occur between nuclei in the high-energy tail of the energy Distribution and are sensitive to possible deviations from the standard equilibrium thermal-energy Distribution. We are able to derive strong constraints on such deviations by using the detailed helioseismic information of the solar structure. If a small deviation is parameterized with a factor exp{−δ(E/kT)2}, we find that δ should lie between −0.005 and +0.002. However, even values of δ as small as 0.003 would still give important effects on the neutrino fluxes.
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helioseismology can test the maxwell boltzmann Distribution
arXiv: Astrophysics, 1998Co-Authors: S Deglinnocenti, G Fiorentini, M Lissia, Piero Quarati, B RicciAbstract:Nuclear reactions in stars occur between nuclei in the high-energy tail of the energy Distribution and are sensitive to possible deviations from the standard equilibrium thermal-energy Distribution. We are able to derive strong constraints on such deviations by using the detailed helioseismic information of the solar structure. If a small deviation is parameterized with a factor exp{-delta*(E/kT)^2}, we find that delta should lie between -0.005 and +0.002. However, even values of delta as small as 0.003 would still give important effects on the neutrino fluxes.
Andreas Manz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a thermodynamic description of turbulence as a source of stochastic kinetic energy for 3d self assembly
Advanced Materials Interfaces, 2020Co-Authors: Per A Lothman, Tijmen A G Hageman, Miko Elwenspoek, Gijs Krijnen, Massimo Mastrangeli, Andreas Manz, Leon AbelmannAbstract:The extent to which one can use a thermodynamic description of turbulent flow as a source of stochastic kinetic energy for 3D self-assembly of magnetically interacting macroscopic particles is investigated. It is confirmed that the speed of the objects in the flow field generated in this system obeys the Maxwell–Boltzmann Distribution, and their random walk can be defined by a diffusion coefficient following from the Einstein relation. However, it is discovered that the analogy with Brownian dynamics breaks down when considering the directional components of the velocity. For the vectorial components, neither the equipartition theorem nor the Einstein relation is obeyed. Moreover, the kinetic energy estimated from the random walk of individual objects is one order of magnitude higher than the value estimated from Boltzmann statistics on the interaction between two spheres with embedded magnets. These results show that introducing stochastic kinetic energy into a self-assembly process by means of turbulent flow can to a great extent be described by standard thermodynamic theory, but anisotropies and the specific nature of the interactions need to be taken into account.
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a thermodynamic description of turbulence as a source of stochastic kinetic energy for 3d self assembly
arXiv: Applied Physics, 2019Co-Authors: Per A Lothman, Tijmen A G Hageman, Miko Elwenspoek, Gijs Krijnen, Massimo Mastrangeli, Andreas Manz, Leon AbelmannAbstract:We investigate to what extent one can use a thermodynamic description of turbulent flow as a source of stochastic kinetic energy for three-dimensional self-assembly of magnetically interacting macroscopic particles. We confirm that the speed of the objects in the flow field generated in our system obeys the Maxwell--Boltzmann Distribution, and their random walk can be defined by a diffusion coefficient following from the Einstein relation. However, we discovered that the analogy with Brownian dynamics breaks down when considering the directional components of the velocity. For the vectorial components, neither the equipartition theorem, nor the Einstein relation is obeyed. Moreover, the kinetic energy estimated from the random walk of individual objects is one order of magnitude higher than the value estimated from Boltzmann statistics on the interaction between two spheres with embedded magnets. These results show that introducing stochastic kinetic energy into a self-assembly process by means of turbulent flow can to a great extent be described by standard thermodynamic theory, but anisotropies and the specific nature of the interactions need to be taken into account.
-
macroscopic equivalence for microscopic motion in a turbulence driven three dimensional self assembly reactor
Journal of Applied Physics, 2018Co-Authors: Per A Lothman, Tijmen A G Hageman, Miko Elwenspoek, M Dirnberger, Andreas ManzAbstract:We built and characterised a macroscopic self-assembly reactor that agitates magnetic, centimeter-sized particles with a turbulent water flow. By scaling up the self-assembly processes to the centimeter-scale, the characteristic time constants also drastically increase. This makes the system a physical simulator of microscopic self-assembly, where the interaction of inserted particles is easily observable. Trajectory analysis of single particles reveals their velocity to be a Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution and it shows that their average squared displacement over time can be modelled by a confined random walk model, demonstrating a high level of similarity to the Brownian motion. The interaction of two particles has been modelled and verified experimentally by observing the distance between two particles over time. The disturbing energy (analogue to temperature) that was obtained experimentally increases with sphere size and differs by an order of magnitude between single-sphere and two-sphere systems (ap...
-
macroscopic equivalence for microscopic motion in a turbulence driven three dimensional self assembly reactor
arXiv: Soft Condensed Matter, 2017Co-Authors: Per A Lothman, Tijmen A G Hageman, Miko Elwenspoek, M Dirnberger, Andreas ManzAbstract:We built and characterised a macroscopic self-assembly reactor that agitates magnetic, centimeter-sized particles with a turbulent water flow. By scaling up the self-assembly processes to the centimeter-scale, the characteristic time constant scale also drastically increases. This makes the system a physical simulator of microscopic self-assembly, where the interaction of inserted particles are easily observable. Trajectory analysis of single particles reveals their velocity to be a Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution and it shows that their average squared displacement over time can be modelled by a confined random walk model, demonstrating a high level of similarity to Brownian motion. The interaction of two particles has been modelled and verified experimentally by observing the distance between two particles over time. The disturbing energy (analogue to temperature) that was obtained experimentally increases with sphere size, and differs by an order of magnitude between single-sphere and two-sphere systems (approximately 80 $\mathrm{\mu J}$ versus 6.5 $\mathrm{\mu J}$, respectively).