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Daniel Cohen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005–2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine introduction era
    BMC Infectious Diseases, 2020
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Background Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children 0–14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion positive for acute Rubella among suspected but negative Measles cases between 2005 and 2016 and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. Methods In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. The magnitude of association was estimated using adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Results Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8–37.3% peaking in the month of October. Persons in the age group 10–14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 2.43; 95% CI [2.01–2.95]) were more likely while those aged

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005-2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine introduction era.
    BMC infectious diseases, 2020
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children 0–14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion positive for acute Rubella among suspected but negative Measles cases between 2005 and 2016 and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. The magnitude of association was estimated using adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8–37.3% peaking in the month of October. Persons in the age group 10–14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 2.43; 95% CI [2.01–2.95]) were more likely while those aged

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005 – 2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine introduction era
    2019
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background: Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children 0-14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion positive for acute Rubella among suspected but negative Measles cases between 2005 and 2016 and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. Methods: In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. The magnitude of association was estimated using adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Results: Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8 – 37.3% peaking in the month of October. Persons in the age group 10-14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]=2.43; 95% CI [2.01 - 2.95]) were more likely while those aged <1 year less likely (AOR=0.31; 95% CI [021 - 0.48]) to have acute Rubella compared to those aged 25 years or older. Persons in 2010 were less likely (AOR=0.12; CI [0.05, 0.28]) to have acute Rubella compared to those in 2016. While acute Rubella was more likely to occur between July and November compared to December, it was less likely to occur between February and May. Conclusions: Rubella virus was circulating in Zambia between 2005 and 2016 affecting mostly persons in the age group 5-24 years peaking in the hot dry season month of October. Although vaccination against Rubella has been launched, these baseline data are important to provide a reference point when determining the impact of the vaccination program implemented. Keywords: Rubella, Acute, Proportion, Correlates, Zambia, Pre vaccination era, Immunisation

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005 – 2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine  introduction era.
    2019
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background: Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children aged 0-14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion of acute Rubella among suspected cases during the pre Measles-Rubella Vaccine introduction era (2005-2016) and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. Methods: In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. Results: Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8 – 37.3% peaking in the hot dry month of October. Persons in the age group 10-14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]=2.43; 95% CI [2.01 - 2.95]) were more likely while those aged <1 year less likely (AOR=0.31; 95% CI [021 - 0.48]) to have acute Rubella compared to those aged 25 years or older. Persons in 2010 were less likely (AOR=0.12; CI [0.05, 0.28]) to have acute Rubella compared to those in 2016. While acute Rubella was more likely to occur between July and November compared to December, it was less likely to occur between February and May. Conclusions: R ubella virus was circulating in Zambia between 2005 and 2016 affecting mostly persons in the age group 5-24 years peaking in the month of October during the hot dry season. It is important that Zambia has introduced a Rubella containing Vaccine, however, establishing the baseline epidemiological profile of Rubella prior to MR Vaccine introduction is important for monitoring the success of the preventative vaccination strategy employed. Keywords: Rubella, Acute, Proportion, Correlates, Zambia, Pre vaccination era, Immunisation

  • Sero-epidemiology of Rubella in Zambia in the pre-vaccination period (2005 – 2016) as baseline for evaluation of introduction of Rubella Vaccine into the national immunization program
    2019
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background Rubella is highly under-reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children aged 0-14 years. In this study, we estimated the Rubella sero-prevalence and its correlates between 2005 and 2016, a period prior to the introduction of Measles-Rubella Vaccine in Zambia to provide baseline reference data for the future evaluation of its impact. Methods In a retrospective study, serum samples collected through the national Measles surveillance program that tested negative for Measles were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory accredited by WHO. Data on age, sex, province, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Logistics regression analysis was conducted to determine independent predictors of Rubella infection. Results Overall, a sero-prevalence of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Logistics regression results indicated that only age, province, year and month were independently associated with Rubella infection. The regional sero-prevalence varied from 21.8 – 37.3% peaking in the hot dry month of October. Logistics regression indicated that those in the age group 10-14 years (AOR=2.43; 95% CI [2.01 - 2.95]) were more likely while those aged <1 year less likely (AOR=0.31; 95% CI [021 - 0.48]) to have Rubella compared to those aged 25 years or older. Persons in 2010 were less likely (AOR=0.12; CI [0.05, 0.28]) to have Rubella infection compared to those in 2016. While Rubella infections were more likely to occur between July and November compared to December, they were less likely to occur between February and May. Conclusions There is evidence that Rubella virus was circulating in Zambia between 2005 and 2016 affecting more females than males and persons in the age group 5-24 years with a peak in the hot dry season. It is recommended that immunisation campaigns be targeted in months of lower virus transmission between February and May and in a situation of limited resources to those aged 5-24 years.

Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005–2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine introduction era
    BMC Infectious Diseases, 2020
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Background Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children 0–14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion positive for acute Rubella among suspected but negative Measles cases between 2005 and 2016 and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. Methods In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. The magnitude of association was estimated using adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Results Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8–37.3% peaking in the month of October. Persons in the age group 10–14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 2.43; 95% CI [2.01–2.95]) were more likely while those aged

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005-2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine introduction era.
    BMC infectious diseases, 2020
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children 0–14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion positive for acute Rubella among suspected but negative Measles cases between 2005 and 2016 and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. The magnitude of association was estimated using adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8–37.3% peaking in the month of October. Persons in the age group 10–14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 2.43; 95% CI [2.01–2.95]) were more likely while those aged

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005 – 2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine introduction era
    2019
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background: Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children 0-14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion positive for acute Rubella among suspected but negative Measles cases between 2005 and 2016 and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. Methods: In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. The magnitude of association was estimated using adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Results: Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8 – 37.3% peaking in the month of October. Persons in the age group 10-14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]=2.43; 95% CI [2.01 - 2.95]) were more likely while those aged <1 year less likely (AOR=0.31; 95% CI [021 - 0.48]) to have acute Rubella compared to those aged 25 years or older. Persons in 2010 were less likely (AOR=0.12; CI [0.05, 0.28]) to have acute Rubella compared to those in 2016. While acute Rubella was more likely to occur between July and November compared to December, it was less likely to occur between February and May. Conclusions: Rubella virus was circulating in Zambia between 2005 and 2016 affecting mostly persons in the age group 5-24 years peaking in the hot dry season month of October. Although vaccination against Rubella has been launched, these baseline data are important to provide a reference point when determining the impact of the vaccination program implemented. Keywords: Rubella, Acute, Proportion, Correlates, Zambia, Pre vaccination era, Immunisation

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005 – 2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine  introduction era.
    2019
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background: Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children aged 0-14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion of acute Rubella among suspected cases during the pre Measles-Rubella Vaccine introduction era (2005-2016) and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. Methods: In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. Results: Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8 – 37.3% peaking in the hot dry month of October. Persons in the age group 10-14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]=2.43; 95% CI [2.01 - 2.95]) were more likely while those aged <1 year less likely (AOR=0.31; 95% CI [021 - 0.48]) to have acute Rubella compared to those aged 25 years or older. Persons in 2010 were less likely (AOR=0.12; CI [0.05, 0.28]) to have acute Rubella compared to those in 2016. While acute Rubella was more likely to occur between July and November compared to December, it was less likely to occur between February and May. Conclusions: R ubella virus was circulating in Zambia between 2005 and 2016 affecting mostly persons in the age group 5-24 years peaking in the month of October during the hot dry season. It is important that Zambia has introduced a Rubella containing Vaccine, however, establishing the baseline epidemiological profile of Rubella prior to MR Vaccine introduction is important for monitoring the success of the preventative vaccination strategy employed. Keywords: Rubella, Acute, Proportion, Correlates, Zambia, Pre vaccination era, Immunisation

  • Sero-epidemiology of Rubella in Zambia in the pre-vaccination period (2005 – 2016) as baseline for evaluation of introduction of Rubella Vaccine into the national immunization program
    2019
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background Rubella is highly under-reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children aged 0-14 years. In this study, we estimated the Rubella sero-prevalence and its correlates between 2005 and 2016, a period prior to the introduction of Measles-Rubella Vaccine in Zambia to provide baseline reference data for the future evaluation of its impact. Methods In a retrospective study, serum samples collected through the national Measles surveillance program that tested negative for Measles were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory accredited by WHO. Data on age, sex, province, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Logistics regression analysis was conducted to determine independent predictors of Rubella infection. Results Overall, a sero-prevalence of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Logistics regression results indicated that only age, province, year and month were independently associated with Rubella infection. The regional sero-prevalence varied from 21.8 – 37.3% peaking in the hot dry month of October. Logistics regression indicated that those in the age group 10-14 years (AOR=2.43; 95% CI [2.01 - 2.95]) were more likely while those aged <1 year less likely (AOR=0.31; 95% CI [021 - 0.48]) to have Rubella compared to those aged 25 years or older. Persons in 2010 were less likely (AOR=0.12; CI [0.05, 0.28]) to have Rubella infection compared to those in 2016. While Rubella infections were more likely to occur between July and November compared to December, they were less likely to occur between February and May. Conclusions There is evidence that Rubella virus was circulating in Zambia between 2005 and 2016 affecting more females than males and persons in the age group 5-24 years with a peak in the hot dry season. It is recommended that immunisation campaigns be targeted in months of lower virus transmission between February and May and in a situation of limited resources to those aged 5-24 years.

Seter Siziya - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005–2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine introduction era
    BMC Infectious Diseases, 2020
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Background Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children 0–14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion positive for acute Rubella among suspected but negative Measles cases between 2005 and 2016 and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. Methods In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. The magnitude of association was estimated using adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Results Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8–37.3% peaking in the month of October. Persons in the age group 10–14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 2.43; 95% CI [2.01–2.95]) were more likely while those aged

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005-2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine introduction era.
    BMC infectious diseases, 2020
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children 0–14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion positive for acute Rubella among suspected but negative Measles cases between 2005 and 2016 and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. The magnitude of association was estimated using adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8–37.3% peaking in the month of October. Persons in the age group 10–14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 2.43; 95% CI [2.01–2.95]) were more likely while those aged

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005 – 2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine introduction era
    2019
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background: Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children 0-14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion positive for acute Rubella among suspected but negative Measles cases between 2005 and 2016 and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. Methods: In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. The magnitude of association was estimated using adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Results: Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8 – 37.3% peaking in the month of October. Persons in the age group 10-14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]=2.43; 95% CI [2.01 - 2.95]) were more likely while those aged <1 year less likely (AOR=0.31; 95% CI [021 - 0.48]) to have acute Rubella compared to those aged 25 years or older. Persons in 2010 were less likely (AOR=0.12; CI [0.05, 0.28]) to have acute Rubella compared to those in 2016. While acute Rubella was more likely to occur between July and November compared to December, it was less likely to occur between February and May. Conclusions: Rubella virus was circulating in Zambia between 2005 and 2016 affecting mostly persons in the age group 5-24 years peaking in the hot dry season month of October. Although vaccination against Rubella has been launched, these baseline data are important to provide a reference point when determining the impact of the vaccination program implemented. Keywords: Rubella, Acute, Proportion, Correlates, Zambia, Pre vaccination era, Immunisation

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005 – 2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine  introduction era.
    2019
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background: Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children aged 0-14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion of acute Rubella among suspected cases during the pre Measles-Rubella Vaccine introduction era (2005-2016) and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. Methods: In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. Results: Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8 – 37.3% peaking in the hot dry month of October. Persons in the age group 10-14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]=2.43; 95% CI [2.01 - 2.95]) were more likely while those aged <1 year less likely (AOR=0.31; 95% CI [021 - 0.48]) to have acute Rubella compared to those aged 25 years or older. Persons in 2010 were less likely (AOR=0.12; CI [0.05, 0.28]) to have acute Rubella compared to those in 2016. While acute Rubella was more likely to occur between July and November compared to December, it was less likely to occur between February and May. Conclusions: R ubella virus was circulating in Zambia between 2005 and 2016 affecting mostly persons in the age group 5-24 years peaking in the month of October during the hot dry season. It is important that Zambia has introduced a Rubella containing Vaccine, however, establishing the baseline epidemiological profile of Rubella prior to MR Vaccine introduction is important for monitoring the success of the preventative vaccination strategy employed. Keywords: Rubella, Acute, Proportion, Correlates, Zambia, Pre vaccination era, Immunisation

  • Sero-epidemiology of Rubella in Zambia in the pre-vaccination period (2005 – 2016) as baseline for evaluation of introduction of Rubella Vaccine into the national immunization program
    2019
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background Rubella is highly under-reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children aged 0-14 years. In this study, we estimated the Rubella sero-prevalence and its correlates between 2005 and 2016, a period prior to the introduction of Measles-Rubella Vaccine in Zambia to provide baseline reference data for the future evaluation of its impact. Methods In a retrospective study, serum samples collected through the national Measles surveillance program that tested negative for Measles were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory accredited by WHO. Data on age, sex, province, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Logistics regression analysis was conducted to determine independent predictors of Rubella infection. Results Overall, a sero-prevalence of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Logistics regression results indicated that only age, province, year and month were independently associated with Rubella infection. The regional sero-prevalence varied from 21.8 – 37.3% peaking in the hot dry month of October. Logistics regression indicated that those in the age group 10-14 years (AOR=2.43; 95% CI [2.01 - 2.95]) were more likely while those aged <1 year less likely (AOR=0.31; 95% CI [021 - 0.48]) to have Rubella compared to those aged 25 years or older. Persons in 2010 were less likely (AOR=0.12; CI [0.05, 0.28]) to have Rubella infection compared to those in 2016. While Rubella infections were more likely to occur between July and November compared to December, they were less likely to occur between February and May. Conclusions There is evidence that Rubella virus was circulating in Zambia between 2005 and 2016 affecting more females than males and persons in the age group 5-24 years with a peak in the hot dry season. It is recommended that immunisation campaigns be targeted in months of lower virus transmission between February and May and in a situation of limited resources to those aged 5-24 years.

Mwaka Monze - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005–2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine introduction era
    BMC Infectious Diseases, 2020
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Background Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children 0–14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion positive for acute Rubella among suspected but negative Measles cases between 2005 and 2016 and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. Methods In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. The magnitude of association was estimated using adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Results Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8–37.3% peaking in the month of October. Persons in the age group 10–14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 2.43; 95% CI [2.01–2.95]) were more likely while those aged

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005-2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine introduction era.
    BMC infectious diseases, 2020
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children 0–14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion positive for acute Rubella among suspected but negative Measles cases between 2005 and 2016 and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. The magnitude of association was estimated using adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8–37.3% peaking in the month of October. Persons in the age group 10–14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 2.43; 95% CI [2.01–2.95]) were more likely while those aged

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005 – 2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine introduction era
    2019
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background: Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children 0-14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion positive for acute Rubella among suspected but negative Measles cases between 2005 and 2016 and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. Methods: In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. The magnitude of association was estimated using adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Results: Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8 – 37.3% peaking in the month of October. Persons in the age group 10-14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]=2.43; 95% CI [2.01 - 2.95]) were more likely while those aged <1 year less likely (AOR=0.31; 95% CI [021 - 0.48]) to have acute Rubella compared to those aged 25 years or older. Persons in 2010 were less likely (AOR=0.12; CI [0.05, 0.28]) to have acute Rubella compared to those in 2016. While acute Rubella was more likely to occur between July and November compared to December, it was less likely to occur between February and May. Conclusions: Rubella virus was circulating in Zambia between 2005 and 2016 affecting mostly persons in the age group 5-24 years peaking in the hot dry season month of October. Although vaccination against Rubella has been launched, these baseline data are important to provide a reference point when determining the impact of the vaccination program implemented. Keywords: Rubella, Acute, Proportion, Correlates, Zambia, Pre vaccination era, Immunisation

  • Epidemiology of acute Rubella infection in Zambia during the pre-vaccination period (2005 – 2016) as a baseline for monitoring Rubella epidemiology in the post-Rubella Vaccine  introduction era.
    2019
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background: Rubella is highly under reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children aged 0-14 years. In this study, we estimated the proportion of acute Rubella among suspected cases during the pre Measles-Rubella Vaccine introduction era (2005-2016) and determined its correlates for monitoring Rubella epidemiology post-Rubella Vaccine introduction. Methods: In a retrospective study, 4497 Measles IgM negative serum samples from 5686 clinically suspected Measles cases were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory. Data on demographics, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using backward variable selection was conducted to determine independent predictors for acute Rubella. Results: Overall, a proportion of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Only age, province, month and year were independently associated with acute Rubella. The regional proportions varied from 21.8 – 37.3% peaking in the hot dry month of October. Persons in the age group 10-14 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]=2.43; 95% CI [2.01 - 2.95]) were more likely while those aged <1 year less likely (AOR=0.31; 95% CI [021 - 0.48]) to have acute Rubella compared to those aged 25 years or older. Persons in 2010 were less likely (AOR=0.12; CI [0.05, 0.28]) to have acute Rubella compared to those in 2016. While acute Rubella was more likely to occur between July and November compared to December, it was less likely to occur between February and May. Conclusions: R ubella virus was circulating in Zambia between 2005 and 2016 affecting mostly persons in the age group 5-24 years peaking in the month of October during the hot dry season. It is important that Zambia has introduced a Rubella containing Vaccine, however, establishing the baseline epidemiological profile of Rubella prior to MR Vaccine introduction is important for monitoring the success of the preventative vaccination strategy employed. Keywords: Rubella, Acute, Proportion, Correlates, Zambia, Pre vaccination era, Immunisation

  • Sero-epidemiology of Rubella in Zambia in the pre-vaccination period (2005 – 2016) as baseline for evaluation of introduction of Rubella Vaccine into the national immunization program
    2019
    Co-Authors: Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba, Seter Siziya, Mwaka Monze, Daniel Cohen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background Rubella is highly under-reported in Zambia as in most sub-Saharan countries despite being a disease of major public health concern especially among women of childbearing age. In September 2016, Zambia introduced a combined Measles-Rubella Vaccine in children aged 0-14 years. In this study, we estimated the Rubella sero-prevalence and its correlates between 2005 and 2016, a period prior to the introduction of Measles-Rubella Vaccine in Zambia to provide baseline reference data for the future evaluation of its impact. Methods In a retrospective study, serum samples collected through the national Measles surveillance program that tested negative for Measles were examined for Rubella IgM antibodies using the Siemens, Enzygnost® ELISA kit at the national Measles laboratory accredited by WHO. Data on age, sex, province, year and month of onset were extracted from the surveillance data. Logistics regression analysis was conducted to determine independent predictors of Rubella infection. Results Overall, a sero-prevalence of 29.2% (1313/4497) affecting mostly those between 5 and 24 years was determined. Logistics regression results indicated that only age, province, year and month were independently associated with Rubella infection. The regional sero-prevalence varied from 21.8 – 37.3% peaking in the hot dry month of October. Logistics regression indicated that those in the age group 10-14 years (AOR=2.43; 95% CI [2.01 - 2.95]) were more likely while those aged <1 year less likely (AOR=0.31; 95% CI [021 - 0.48]) to have Rubella compared to those aged 25 years or older. Persons in 2010 were less likely (AOR=0.12; CI [0.05, 0.28]) to have Rubella infection compared to those in 2016. While Rubella infections were more likely to occur between July and November compared to December, they were less likely to occur between February and May. Conclusions There is evidence that Rubella virus was circulating in Zambia between 2005 and 2016 affecting more females than males and persons in the age group 5-24 years with a peak in the hot dry season. It is recommended that immunisation campaigns be targeted in months of lower virus transmission between February and May and in a situation of limited resources to those aged 5-24 years.

Monica M Mcneal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • noninterference of rotavirus Vaccine with Measles Rubella Vaccine at 9 months of age and improvements in antirotavirus immunity a randomized trial
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2016
    Co-Authors: Khalequ Zaman, Jessica A Fleming, John C Victor, Mohammad Yunus, Tajul I Bari, Tasnim Azim, M M Rahman, Syed Mohammad Niaz Mowla, William J Bellini, Monica M Mcneal
    Abstract:

    Background. The burden of rotavirus morbidity and mortality is high in children aged <5 years in developing countries, and evaluations indicate waning protection from rotavirus immunization in the second year. An additional dose of rotavirus Vaccine may enhance the immune response and lengthen the period of protection against disease, but coadministration of this dose should not interfere with immune responses to concurrently given Vaccines. Methods. A total of 480 9-month-old participants from Matlab, Bangladesh, were enrolled in a study with a primary objective to establish noninferiority of concomitant administration of Measles-Rubella Vaccine (MR) and a third dose of human rotavirus Vaccine (HRV; MR + HRV), compared with MR given alone. Secondary objectives included noninferiority of Rubella antibody seroconversion and evaluating rotavirus IgA/IgG seroresponses in MR + HRV recipients. Results. Two months after vaccination, 75.3% and 74.3% of MR + HRV and MR recipients, respectively, had seroprotective levels of Measles virus antibodies; 100.0% and 99.6%, respectively, showed anti–Rubella virus immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroprotection. In the MR + HRV group, antirotavirus immunoglobulin A and IgG seropositivity frequencies before vaccination (52.7% and 66.3%, respectively) increased to 69.6% and 88.3% after vaccination. Conclusions. Vaccine-induced Measles and Rubella antibody responses are not negatively affected by concomitant administration of HRV. The HRV dose increases antirotavirus serum antibody titers and the proportion of infants with detectable antirotavirus antibody. Clinical Trials Registration. {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT01700621","term_id":"NCT01700621"}}NCT01700621.

  • Noninterference of Rotavirus Vaccine With Measles-Rubella Vaccine at 9 Months of Age and Improvements in Antirotavirus Immunity: A Randomized Trial
    The Journal of infectious diseases, 2016
    Co-Authors: Khalequ Zaman, Jessica A Fleming, John C Victor, Mohammad Yunus, Tajul I Bari, Tasnim Azim, Syed Mohammad Niaz Mowla, William J Bellini, Mustafizur Rahman, Monica M Mcneal
    Abstract:

    Background. The burden of rotavirus morbidity and mortality is high in children aged