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Il'iuchenok Riu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of rudotel on the synaptic activity of dopaminergic neurons
Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 1998Co-Authors: Il'iuchenok RiuAbstract:The work discusses the neurochemical correlates of rat brain dopamin-synaptic activity after injection of 0.5 mg/kg rudotel (Medazepam) as compared with intact animals. The parameters of functioning of D2-receptors in [3H]-dopamine binding, the content of catecholamines and their metabolites (high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection) were studied in the dopaminergic system in different brain areas (the striatum, frontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and accumbence).
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The effects of Medazepam on memory trace reproduction during learning and amnesia in aggressive and submissive C57Bl/6J mice
Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 1998Co-Authors: Il'iuchenok RiuAbstract:Experiments were conducted on C57B1 mice to study the role of the social status on the reproduction of a conditioned reaction of passive avoidance and the effect of Medazepam on the processes of reproduction. Aggressive and submissive animals were selected according to the test for agonistic confrontations. No effect of the animals' social status on the formation of a conditioned habit was revealed, but a significant increase in the level of defecation was recorded in the aggressive mice. Medazepam administration before the test reduced the reproduction of the conditioned reaction only in the control mice. An amnestic effect blocked reproduction in control and submissive mice but did not change it in the aggressors. Medazepam restored the amnestic memory trace only in submissive individuals. In aggressive mice it reduced the emotional response but did not change reproduction. The data obtained suggest that variations of the social status determine both the behavioral responsiveness to training and the changes in reproduction in response to Medazepam.
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the effects of Medazepam on memory trace reproduction during learning and amnesia in aggressive and submissive c57bl 6j mice
Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 1998Co-Authors: N I Dubrovina, E V Popova, Il'iuchenok RiuAbstract:Experiments were conducted on C57B1 mice to study the role of the social status on the reproduction of a conditioned reaction of passive avoidance and the effect of Medazepam on the processes of reproduction. Aggressive and submissive animals were selected according to the test for agonistic confrontations. No effect of the animals' social status on the formation of a conditioned habit was revealed, but a significant increase in the level of defecation was recorded in the aggressive mice. Medazepam administration before the test reduced the reproduction of the conditioned reaction only in the control mice. An amnestic effect blocked reproduction in control and submissive mice but did not change it in the aggressors. Medazepam restored the amnestic memory trace only in submissive individuals. In aggressive mice it reduced the emotional response but did not change reproduction. The data obtained suggest that variations of the social status determine both the behavioral responsiveness to training and the changes in reproduction in response to Medazepam.
Yuji Nakahara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A study into the rate of incorporation of eight benzodiazepines into rat hair.
Forensic Science International, 2003Co-Authors: Karen S. Scott, Yuji NakaharaAbstract:The incorporation of eight benzodiazepines (chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, estazolam, flunitrazepam, flurazepam, Medazepam, oxazepam and triazolam) into rat hair was investigated by HPLC and GC–MS. Each of the benzodiazepines was injected daily into three Dark Agouti (DA) rats for 10 days at 10 mg/kg. The back hair of the rats was removed by shaving prior to the first injection and again on the 28th day after the initial administration. To investigate optimum extraction conditions, 10 mg aliquots of rat hair incorporated with diazepam, flurazepam or Medazepam were extracted by seven different methods (Proteinase K, methanol–ammonia, methanol–trifluoroacetic acid, Soerensens buffer, 1 M NaOH, β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase, Biopurase). The method found to yield the highest recoveries, for all three drugs, was the acidic methanol extraction. Using this extraction procedure, the incorporation rates (ICR: the ratio of the hair concentration to the plasma AUC) of eight benzodiazepines into rat hair were investigated. The ICRs ranged from 0.002 (flunitrazepam) to 0.049 (flurazepam). The major metabolites of flurazepam were investigated in rat hair. The mean hair concentrations of desalkylflurazepam and 2-hydroxyethylflurazepam were 3.31 and 0.05 ng/mg, respectively, which are 24 and 0.36% of the parent compound in hair.
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A study into the rate of incorporation of eight benzodiazepines into rat hair.
Forensic science international, 2003Co-Authors: Karen S. Scott, Yuji NakaharaAbstract:The incorporation of eight benzodiazepines (chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, estazolam, flunitrazepam, flurazepam, Medazepam, oxazepam and triazolam) into rat hair was investigated by HPLC and GC-MS. Each of the benzodiazepines was injected daily into three Dark Agouti (DA) rats for 10 days at 10mg/kg. The back hair of the rats was removed by shaving prior to the first injection and again on the 28th day after the initial administration. To investigate optimum extraction conditions, 10mg aliquots of rat hair incorporated with diazepam, flurazepam or Medazepam were extracted by seven different methods (Proteinase K, methanol-ammonia, methanol-trifluoroacetic acid, Soerensens buffer, 1M NaOH, beta-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase, Biopurase). The method found to yield the highest recoveries, for all three drugs, was the acidic methanol extraction. Using this extraction procedure, the incorporation rates (ICR: the ratio of the hair concentration to the plasma AUC) of eight benzodiazepines into rat hair were investigated. The ICRs ranged from 0.002 (flunitrazepam) to 0.049 (flurazepam). The major metabolites of flurazepam were investigated in rat hair. The mean hair concentrations of desalkylflurazepam and 2-hydroxyethylflurazepam were 3.31 and 0.05 ng/mg, respectively, which are 24 and 0.36% of the parent compound in hair.
Karen S. Scott - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A study into the rate of incorporation of eight benzodiazepines into rat hair.
Forensic Science International, 2003Co-Authors: Karen S. Scott, Yuji NakaharaAbstract:The incorporation of eight benzodiazepines (chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, estazolam, flunitrazepam, flurazepam, Medazepam, oxazepam and triazolam) into rat hair was investigated by HPLC and GC–MS. Each of the benzodiazepines was injected daily into three Dark Agouti (DA) rats for 10 days at 10 mg/kg. The back hair of the rats was removed by shaving prior to the first injection and again on the 28th day after the initial administration. To investigate optimum extraction conditions, 10 mg aliquots of rat hair incorporated with diazepam, flurazepam or Medazepam were extracted by seven different methods (Proteinase K, methanol–ammonia, methanol–trifluoroacetic acid, Soerensens buffer, 1 M NaOH, β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase, Biopurase). The method found to yield the highest recoveries, for all three drugs, was the acidic methanol extraction. Using this extraction procedure, the incorporation rates (ICR: the ratio of the hair concentration to the plasma AUC) of eight benzodiazepines into rat hair were investigated. The ICRs ranged from 0.002 (flunitrazepam) to 0.049 (flurazepam). The major metabolites of flurazepam were investigated in rat hair. The mean hair concentrations of desalkylflurazepam and 2-hydroxyethylflurazepam were 3.31 and 0.05 ng/mg, respectively, which are 24 and 0.36% of the parent compound in hair.
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A study into the rate of incorporation of eight benzodiazepines into rat hair.
Forensic science international, 2003Co-Authors: Karen S. Scott, Yuji NakaharaAbstract:The incorporation of eight benzodiazepines (chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, estazolam, flunitrazepam, flurazepam, Medazepam, oxazepam and triazolam) into rat hair was investigated by HPLC and GC-MS. Each of the benzodiazepines was injected daily into three Dark Agouti (DA) rats for 10 days at 10mg/kg. The back hair of the rats was removed by shaving prior to the first injection and again on the 28th day after the initial administration. To investigate optimum extraction conditions, 10mg aliquots of rat hair incorporated with diazepam, flurazepam or Medazepam were extracted by seven different methods (Proteinase K, methanol-ammonia, methanol-trifluoroacetic acid, Soerensens buffer, 1M NaOH, beta-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase, Biopurase). The method found to yield the highest recoveries, for all three drugs, was the acidic methanol extraction. Using this extraction procedure, the incorporation rates (ICR: the ratio of the hair concentration to the plasma AUC) of eight benzodiazepines into rat hair were investigated. The ICRs ranged from 0.002 (flunitrazepam) to 0.049 (flurazepam). The major metabolites of flurazepam were investigated in rat hair. The mean hair concentrations of desalkylflurazepam and 2-hydroxyethylflurazepam were 3.31 and 0.05 ng/mg, respectively, which are 24 and 0.36% of the parent compound in hair.
J. Popova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of chronic diazepam and Medazepam treatment on the number and affinity of muscarinic receptors in different rat brain structures
General Pharmacology-the Vascular System, 2002Co-Authors: J. Popova, L. TokuschievaAbstract:Abstract 1. 1. The effect of chronic (19-day) treatment with the benzodiazepine tranquilizers diazepam (1 mg/kg/day, i.p.) and Medazepam (5 mg/kg/day, i.p.) on the binding characteristics of muscarinic receptors in four rat brain structures: cerebral cortex, striatum, hippocampus and hypothalamus were studied using [ 3 H]l-quinuclidinyl benzylate ([ 3 H]QNB) as radioligand. 2. 2. Diazepam and Medazepam treatment caused an overall decrease in muscarinic receptor binding affinity ( K d ). 3. 3. The number ( B max ) of muscarinic receptors declined in the hippocampus and striatum and rose in the hypothalamus after both benzodiazepines. The B max of muscarinic receptors in the cerebral cortex was increased after diazepam treatment. 4. 4. The changes in the binding characteristics of muscarinic receptors might be due to benzodiazepine-induced occurrence of two populations of muscarinic binding sites: P 1 (high affinity, low capacity) and P 2 (low affinity, high capacity). 5. 5. The altered brain muscarinic receptor functions after chronic diazepam- or Medazepam treatment suggest the role of cholinergic neurotransmission in the mechanism of action of benzodiazepines.
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Effect of the combination of the benzodiazepine tranquilizer Medazepam and the nootropic agent meclofenoxate on the activity of rat brain muscarinic receptors.
General Pharmacology-the Vascular System, 2002Co-Authors: J. Popova, Vesselin D. PetkovAbstract:Abstract 1. 1. The effect of 7-day treatment with the benzodiazepine tranquilizer Medazepam (5 mg/kg), the nootropic agent meclofenoxate (100 mg/kg) and their combination in the same doses on the binding activity of muscarinic receptors in four rat brain structures (cerebral cortex, striatum, hippocampus and hypothalamus) were studied using the antagonist [3H]-1-quinuclidinyl benzylate ([3H]-QNB) as radio-ligand. 2. 2. Medazepam treatment caused significant decrease of muscarinic receptor binding affinity (Kd) and of the receptor binding capacity (Bmax) in the brain structures studied. The number of muscarinic binding sites was unsignificantly decreased only in the hippocampus. 3. 3. Meclofenoxate treatment caused an increase of muscarinic receptor affinity and a decrease of the binding capacity in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus and an increase of the binding affinity in the striatum and hippocampus. 4. 4. The combination of Medazepam and meclofenoxate caused no significant changes of both muscarinic receptor characteristics in the hippocampus and of the receptor affinity in the striatum and hypothalamus in comparison with control rats. The Bmax values were decreased in the cerebral cortex, striatum and hypothalamus when compared with control animals. The differences observed were slighter than those determined after the comparison of Medazepam treated rats with control rats. 5. 5. The results obtained afford an oportunity to suggest that the nootropic agent meclofenoxate acts to moderate the effect of the benzodiazepine tranquilizer Medazepam on the activity of rat brain muscarinic receptors.
N I Dubrovina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of Medazepam on memory trace reproduction during learning and amnesia in aggressive and submissive c57bl 6j mice
Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 1998Co-Authors: N I Dubrovina, E V Popova, Il'iuchenok RiuAbstract:Experiments were conducted on C57B1 mice to study the role of the social status on the reproduction of a conditioned reaction of passive avoidance and the effect of Medazepam on the processes of reproduction. Aggressive and submissive animals were selected according to the test for agonistic confrontations. No effect of the animals' social status on the formation of a conditioned habit was revealed, but a significant increase in the level of defecation was recorded in the aggressive mice. Medazepam administration before the test reduced the reproduction of the conditioned reaction only in the control mice. An amnestic effect blocked reproduction in control and submissive mice but did not change it in the aggressors. Medazepam restored the amnestic memory trace only in submissive individuals. In aggressive mice it reduced the emotional response but did not change reproduction. The data obtained suggest that variations of the social status determine both the behavioral responsiveness to training and the changes in reproduction in response to Medazepam.