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Jian Sun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Median Effective Concentration of lidocaine for obturator nerve block guided by nerve stimulator in patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor
Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology, 2016Co-Authors: Jian Sun, Chunlin Gao, Guoyi Lyu, Guolin WangAbstract:Objective To determine the Median Effective Concentration(EC50)of lidocaine for obturator nerve block(ONB)guided by a nerve stimulator in patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor(TURBT). Methods American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠ or Ⅱ patients with bladder tumor, scheduled for elective TURBT, required ONB according to the results of cystoscopy or CT examination performed before operation, with body mass index of 19-30 kg/m2, aged 18-64 yr, were enrolled in the study.ONB was performed with lidocaine using the suprainguinal approach under the guidance of a nerve stimulator.The Concentration of lidocaine was determined by up-and-down sequential trial.The initial Concentration of lidocaine was 1.5%, and the ratio between the two successive Concentrations was 1.2.Successful ONB was considered to be positive response.The EC50 and 95% confidence interval of lidocaine for ONB guided by a nerve stimulator was calculated. Results The EC50 of lidocaine was 0.57%, and the 95% confidence interval was 0.55%-0.59% when used for ONB guided by a nerve stimulator. Conclusion The EC50 of lidocaine is 0.57% when used for ONB guided by a nerve stimulator in the patients undergoing TURBT. Key words: Lidocaine; Nerve block; Obturator nerve; Dose-response relationship, drug
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Perineural Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant Reduces the Median Effective Concentration of Lidocaine for Obturator Nerve Blocking: A Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial
2016Co-Authors: Jian Sun, Xinqi Zhuang, Haiyun Wang, Guolin WangAbstract:Research suggests that the addition of dexmedetomidine to local anesthetics can prolong peripheral nerve blocks; however, it is not known whether dexmedetomidine can reduce the quantity of local anesthetic needed. We hypothesized that adding dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to an obturator nerve block could reduce the Median Effective Concentration of lidocaine. In this double-blinded randomized trial, 60 patients scheduled for elective transurethral resection of bladder tumors on the lateral wall were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (C group, n = 30) and the dexmedetomidine group (D group, n = 30). Two main branches of the obturator nerve (i.e., anterior and posterior) were identified using neural stimulation at the inguinal level, with only lidocaine used for the C group and 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine combined with lidocaine used for the D group. The Median Effective Concentration was determined by an up-and-down sequential trial. The ratio of two consecutive Concentrations was 1.2. The Median Effective Concentration (95% confidence interval) of lidocaine was 0.57% (0.54%-0.62%) in the C group and 0.29% (0.28%-0.38%) in the D group. The Median Effective Concentration of lidocaine was significantly lower in the D group than in the C group (p < 0.05). These results indicate that dexmedetomidine (1 μg/kg) in combination with lidocaine for obturator nerve block decreases the Median Effective Concentration of lidocaine.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02066727
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effect of different doses of dexmedetomidine on Median Effective Concentration of propofol required to prevent response to supreme laryngeal mask airway insertion in aged patients
Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology, 2012Co-Authors: Yan Jiang, Shiduan Wang, Hui Huang, Shanling Liu, Haihong Luan, Jian SunAbstract:Objective To investigate the effect of different doses of dexmedetomidine on the Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of propofol required to prevent the response to Supreme laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion in aged patients.Methods ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes,aged ≥ 65 yr,with a body mass index of 20-28 kg/m2,undergoing knee operation under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 3 groups:control group (group C),small dose dexmedetomidine group (group D1 ) and large dose dexmedetomidine group (group D2 ).Dexmedetomidine 0.4 and 0.8 μg/kg were infused intravenously over 10 min in groups D1 and D2 respectively,while group C received the equal volume of normal saline instead.Anesthesia was induced with target-controlled infusion of propofol.The initial target plasma Concentration of propofol was set at 3.5,3.0 and 2.6 μg/ml in groups C,D1 and D2 respectively.Following equilibration between the plasma and effect-site Concentration of propofol,LMA was inserted when BIS value was 50-60.EC50 was determined by up-and-down sequential trial.The target plasma Concentration of propofol increased/decreased by 10％ in the next patient depending on whether or not the LMA insertion response occurred.Positive LMA insertion response was defined as body movement,comer of the mouth movement,biting LMA,bucking and/or wallowing during insertion.The EC50 and 95％ confidence interval (CI) of propofol required to prevent LMA insertion response were calculated with sequential method.Results EC50(95％ CI) of propofol was 3.57 μg/ml (2.91-3.87 μg/ml),3.09 μg/ml (2.66-3.53 μg/ml) and 2.62 μg/ml (2.30-3.15 μg/ml) in groups C,D1 and D2 respectively.EC50 was significantly lower in groups D1 and D2 than in group C,and in group D2 than in group D1 ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine 0.4 and 0.8 μg/kg infused intravenously can reduce the EC50 of propofol required to prevent the response to Supreme LMA insertion in aged patients,and the effect of 0.8 μg/kg is more obvious. Key words: Dexmedetomidine; Propofol; Dose- response relationship, drug; Laryngeal masks; Aged
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identification of influenza a nucleoprotein as an antiviral target
Nature Biotechnology, 2010Co-Authors: Richard Y T Kao, Dan Yang, Laishan Lau, Wayne H W Tsui, Jun Dai, Meipo Chan, Cheman Chan, Pui Wang, Bojian Zheng, Jian SunAbstract:Influenza A remains a significant public health challenge because of the emergence of antigenically shifted or highly virulent strains. Antiviral resistance to available drugs such as adamantanes or neuraminidase inhibitors has appeared rapidly, creating a need for new antiviral targets and new drugs for influenza virus infections. Using forward chemical genetics, we have identified influenza A nucleoprotein (NP) as a druggable target and found a small-molecule compound, nucleozin, that triggers the aggregation of NP and inhibits its nuclear accumulation. Nucleozin impeded influenza A virus replication in vitro with a nanomolar Median Effective Concentration (EC(50)) and protected mice challenged with lethal doses of avian influenza A H5N1. Our results demonstrate that viral NP is a valid target for the development of small-molecule therapies.
Bin Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cynatratoside c efficacy against theronts of ichthyophthirius multifiliis and toxicity tests on grass carp and mammal blood cells
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 2015Co-Authors: Yaowu Fu, Dehai Xu, Qizhong Zhang, Bin Wang, Jinghan LiangAbstract:: Infection by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a ciliated protozoan parasite, results in high fish mortality and causes severe economic losses in aquaculture. To find new, efficient anti-I. multifiliis agents, cynatratoside-C was isolated from Cynanchum atratum by bioassay-guided fractionation in a previous study. The present study investigated the anti-theront activity, determined the toxicity of cynatratoside-C to grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus and mammalian blood cells, and evaluated the protection of cynatratoside-C against I. multifiliis theront infection in grass carp. Results showed that all theronts were killed by 0.25 mg l-1 of cynatratoside-C in 186.7 ± 5.8 min. Cynatratoside-C at 0.25 mg l-1 was Effective in treating infected grass carp and protecting naive fish from I. multifiliis infestation. The 96 h Median lethal Concentration (LC50) of cynatratoside-C to grass carp and 4 h Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of cynatratoside-C to theront were 46.8 and 0.088 mg l-1, respectively. In addition, the hemolysis assay demonstrated that cynatratoside-C had no cytotoxicity to rabbit red blood cells. Therefore, cynatratoside-C could be a safe and Effective potential parasiticide for controlling I. multifiliis.
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identification and effect of two flavonoids from root bark of morus alba against ichthyophthirius multifiliis in grass carp
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2015Co-Authors: Jinghan Liang, Qizhong Zhang, Bin Wang, Dejie LinAbstract:Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich) is an important ciliate that parasitizes gills and skin of freshwater fish and causes massive fish mortality. In this study, two flavonoids (kuwanons G and O) with anti-Ich activity were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation from the root bark of Morus alba, an important plant for sericulture. The chemical structures of kuwanons G and O were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. Kuwanons G and O caused 100% mortality of I. multifiliis theronts at the Concentration of 2 mg/L and possessed a Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of 0.8 ± 0.04 mg/L against the theronts. In addition, kuwanons G and O significantly reduced the infectivity of I. multifiliis theronts at Concentrations of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/L. The Median lethal Concentrations (LC50) of kuwanons G and O to grass carp were 38.0 ± 0.82 and 26.9 ± 0.51 mg/L, which were approximately 50 and 35 times the EC50 for killing theronts. The results indicate that kuwanons G and O have the potential to become safe and Effective drugs to control ichthyophthiriasis.
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identification and effect of two flavonoids from root bark of morus alba against ichthyophthirius multifiliis in grass carp
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2015Co-Authors: Jinghan Liang, Yaowu Fu, Dehai Xu, Qizhong Zhang, Bin WangAbstract:Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich) is an important ciliate that parasitizes gills and skin of freshwater fish and causes massive fish mortality. In this study, two flavonoids (kuwanons G and O) with anti-Ich activity were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation from the root bark of Morus alba, an important plant for sericulture. The chemical structures of kuwanons G and O were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. Kuwanons G and O caused 100% mortality of I. multifiliis theronts at the Concentration of 2 mg/L and possessed a Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of 0.8 ± 0.04 mg/L against the theronts. In addition, kuwanons G and O significantly reduced the infectivity of I. multifiliis theronts at Concentrations of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/L. The Median lethal Concentrations (LC50) of kuwanons G and O to grass carp were 38.0 ± 0.82 and 26.9 ± 0.51 mg/L, which were approximately 50 and 35 times the EC50 for killing theronts. The results indicate that kuwanons G and O have the potential to become safe...
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antiparasitic effect of cynatratoside c from cynanchum atratum against ichthyophthirius multifiliis on grass carp
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2014Co-Authors: Yaowu Fu, Dehai Xu, Qizhong Zhang, Jinghan Liang, Bin WangAbstract:Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich), a fish ectoparasite, comprises an important challenge in the aquaculture industry. In this study, a steroidal glycoside, cynatratoside-C, isolated from Cynanchum atratum roots by bioassay-guided fractionation was used to treat I. multifiliis. The cynatratoside-C at 0.25 mg/L demonstrated a 100% mortality of I. multifiliis in vitro after 5 h exposure. The 5 h Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of cynatratoside-C to nonencysted tomonts was 0.083 mg/L. In addition, cynatratoside-C at Concentrations of 0.125 and 0.06 mg/L could completely terminate the reproduction of encysted tomonts. The cynatratoside-C at 2 mg/L could cure the infected grass carp within 48 h. The exact mechanism of cynatratoside-C for killing I. multifiliis is unknown, but it manifests itself microscopically through loss of membrane integrity of nonencysted tomonts or through releasing immature theronts from encysted tomonts. The immature theronts finally died before infecting fish. On the basis of th...
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antiparasitic effect of cynatratoside c from cynanchum atratum against ichthyophthirius multifiliis on grass carp
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2014Co-Authors: Qizhong Zhang, Jinghan Liang, Bin WangAbstract:Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich), a fish ectoparasite, comprises an important challenge in the aquaculture industry. In this study, a steroidal glycoside, cynatratoside-C, isolated from Cynanchum atratum roots by bioassay-guided fractionation was used to treat I. multifiliis. The cynatratoside-C at 0.25 mg/L demonstrated a 100% mortality of I. multifiliis in vitro after 5 h exposure. The 5 h Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of cynatratoside-C to nonencysted tomonts was 0.083 mg/L. In addition, cynatratoside-C at Concentrations of 0.125 and 0.06 mg/L could completely terminate the reproduction of encysted tomonts. The cynatratoside-C at 2 mg/L could cure the infected grass carp within 48 h. The exact mechanism of cynatratoside-C for killing I. multifiliis is unknown, but it manifests itself microscopically through loss of membrane integrity of nonencysted tomonts or through releasing immature theronts from encysted tomonts. The immature theronts finally died before infecting fish. On the basis of these results, cynatratoside-C could be used as a natural anti-I. multifiliis agent.
Guolin Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Median Effective Concentration of lidocaine for obturator nerve block guided by nerve stimulator in patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor
Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology, 2016Co-Authors: Jian Sun, Chunlin Gao, Guoyi Lyu, Guolin WangAbstract:Objective To determine the Median Effective Concentration(EC50)of lidocaine for obturator nerve block(ONB)guided by a nerve stimulator in patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor(TURBT). Methods American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠ or Ⅱ patients with bladder tumor, scheduled for elective TURBT, required ONB according to the results of cystoscopy or CT examination performed before operation, with body mass index of 19-30 kg/m2, aged 18-64 yr, were enrolled in the study.ONB was performed with lidocaine using the suprainguinal approach under the guidance of a nerve stimulator.The Concentration of lidocaine was determined by up-and-down sequential trial.The initial Concentration of lidocaine was 1.5%, and the ratio between the two successive Concentrations was 1.2.Successful ONB was considered to be positive response.The EC50 and 95% confidence interval of lidocaine for ONB guided by a nerve stimulator was calculated. Results The EC50 of lidocaine was 0.57%, and the 95% confidence interval was 0.55%-0.59% when used for ONB guided by a nerve stimulator. Conclusion The EC50 of lidocaine is 0.57% when used for ONB guided by a nerve stimulator in the patients undergoing TURBT. Key words: Lidocaine; Nerve block; Obturator nerve; Dose-response relationship, drug
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Perineural Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant Reduces the Median Effective Concentration of Lidocaine for Obturator Nerve Blocking: A Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial
2016Co-Authors: Jian Sun, Xinqi Zhuang, Haiyun Wang, Guolin WangAbstract:Research suggests that the addition of dexmedetomidine to local anesthetics can prolong peripheral nerve blocks; however, it is not known whether dexmedetomidine can reduce the quantity of local anesthetic needed. We hypothesized that adding dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to an obturator nerve block could reduce the Median Effective Concentration of lidocaine. In this double-blinded randomized trial, 60 patients scheduled for elective transurethral resection of bladder tumors on the lateral wall were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (C group, n = 30) and the dexmedetomidine group (D group, n = 30). Two main branches of the obturator nerve (i.e., anterior and posterior) were identified using neural stimulation at the inguinal level, with only lidocaine used for the C group and 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine combined with lidocaine used for the D group. The Median Effective Concentration was determined by an up-and-down sequential trial. The ratio of two consecutive Concentrations was 1.2. The Median Effective Concentration (95% confidence interval) of lidocaine was 0.57% (0.54%-0.62%) in the C group and 0.29% (0.28%-0.38%) in the D group. The Median Effective Concentration of lidocaine was significantly lower in the D group than in the C group (p < 0.05). These results indicate that dexmedetomidine (1 μg/kg) in combination with lidocaine for obturator nerve block decreases the Median Effective Concentration of lidocaine.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02066727
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effect of different target effect site Concentrations of remifentanil on Median Effective Concentration of etomidate required for loss of consciousness and disappearance of nociceptive stimuli induced body movement
Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology, 2011Co-Authors: Binbin Tan, Yu Yonghao, Guolin WangAbstract:Objective To investigate the effect of different target effect-site Concentrations (Ces) ofremifentanil on the Median Effective Concentration (EC50 ) of etomidate required for loss of consciousness and disappearance of nociceptive stimuli-induced body movement. Methods Eighty ASA Ⅰ orⅡ patients aged 18-64 yr scheduled for elective gynecological surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 20 each): group R0 received no remifentanil and R1-3 groups received remifentanil at 3 predetermined target Ces of 1,2 and 3 ng/ml respectively. At the beginning of anesthesia induction, remifentanil was given by target-controlled infusion (TCI) until the predetermined Ces were achieved, TCI of etomidate was then started at a target plasma Concentration of 0.6 μg/ml and then the target plasma Concentration of etomidate increased by 0.1 μg/ml every 1 min until the patients lost consciousness and the body movement induced by the nociceptive stimuli disappeared. The Ce of etomidate required for loss of consciousness and disappearance of nociceptive stimuli-induced body move-ment was recorded and the EC50 was calculated by Probit method. Results With the increase in the target Ces of remifentanil, the EC50 of etomidate required for loss of consciousness and disappearance of nociceptive stimuli-induced body movement decreased gradually (P < 0.05) .Conclusion Remifentanil given by TCI can enhance the sedative and analgesic effect of etomidate Concentration-dependently. Key words: Etomidate; Pipefidines; Dose-response relationship,drug
Jinghan Liang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cynatratoside c efficacy against theronts of ichthyophthirius multifiliis and toxicity tests on grass carp and mammal blood cells
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 2015Co-Authors: Yaowu Fu, Dehai Xu, Qizhong Zhang, Bin Wang, Jinghan LiangAbstract:: Infection by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a ciliated protozoan parasite, results in high fish mortality and causes severe economic losses in aquaculture. To find new, efficient anti-I. multifiliis agents, cynatratoside-C was isolated from Cynanchum atratum by bioassay-guided fractionation in a previous study. The present study investigated the anti-theront activity, determined the toxicity of cynatratoside-C to grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus and mammalian blood cells, and evaluated the protection of cynatratoside-C against I. multifiliis theront infection in grass carp. Results showed that all theronts were killed by 0.25 mg l-1 of cynatratoside-C in 186.7 ± 5.8 min. Cynatratoside-C at 0.25 mg l-1 was Effective in treating infected grass carp and protecting naive fish from I. multifiliis infestation. The 96 h Median lethal Concentration (LC50) of cynatratoside-C to grass carp and 4 h Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of cynatratoside-C to theront were 46.8 and 0.088 mg l-1, respectively. In addition, the hemolysis assay demonstrated that cynatratoside-C had no cytotoxicity to rabbit red blood cells. Therefore, cynatratoside-C could be a safe and Effective potential parasiticide for controlling I. multifiliis.
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identification and effect of two flavonoids from root bark of morus alba against ichthyophthirius multifiliis in grass carp
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2015Co-Authors: Jinghan Liang, Qizhong Zhang, Bin Wang, Dejie LinAbstract:Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich) is an important ciliate that parasitizes gills and skin of freshwater fish and causes massive fish mortality. In this study, two flavonoids (kuwanons G and O) with anti-Ich activity were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation from the root bark of Morus alba, an important plant for sericulture. The chemical structures of kuwanons G and O were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. Kuwanons G and O caused 100% mortality of I. multifiliis theronts at the Concentration of 2 mg/L and possessed a Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of 0.8 ± 0.04 mg/L against the theronts. In addition, kuwanons G and O significantly reduced the infectivity of I. multifiliis theronts at Concentrations of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/L. The Median lethal Concentrations (LC50) of kuwanons G and O to grass carp were 38.0 ± 0.82 and 26.9 ± 0.51 mg/L, which were approximately 50 and 35 times the EC50 for killing theronts. The results indicate that kuwanons G and O have the potential to become safe and Effective drugs to control ichthyophthiriasis.
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identification and effect of two flavonoids from root bark of morus alba against ichthyophthirius multifiliis in grass carp
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2015Co-Authors: Jinghan Liang, Yaowu Fu, Dehai Xu, Qizhong Zhang, Bin WangAbstract:Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich) is an important ciliate that parasitizes gills and skin of freshwater fish and causes massive fish mortality. In this study, two flavonoids (kuwanons G and O) with anti-Ich activity were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation from the root bark of Morus alba, an important plant for sericulture. The chemical structures of kuwanons G and O were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. Kuwanons G and O caused 100% mortality of I. multifiliis theronts at the Concentration of 2 mg/L and possessed a Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of 0.8 ± 0.04 mg/L against the theronts. In addition, kuwanons G and O significantly reduced the infectivity of I. multifiliis theronts at Concentrations of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/L. The Median lethal Concentrations (LC50) of kuwanons G and O to grass carp were 38.0 ± 0.82 and 26.9 ± 0.51 mg/L, which were approximately 50 and 35 times the EC50 for killing theronts. The results indicate that kuwanons G and O have the potential to become safe...
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antiparasitic effect of cynatratoside c from cynanchum atratum against ichthyophthirius multifiliis on grass carp
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2014Co-Authors: Yaowu Fu, Dehai Xu, Qizhong Zhang, Jinghan Liang, Bin WangAbstract:Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich), a fish ectoparasite, comprises an important challenge in the aquaculture industry. In this study, a steroidal glycoside, cynatratoside-C, isolated from Cynanchum atratum roots by bioassay-guided fractionation was used to treat I. multifiliis. The cynatratoside-C at 0.25 mg/L demonstrated a 100% mortality of I. multifiliis in vitro after 5 h exposure. The 5 h Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of cynatratoside-C to nonencysted tomonts was 0.083 mg/L. In addition, cynatratoside-C at Concentrations of 0.125 and 0.06 mg/L could completely terminate the reproduction of encysted tomonts. The cynatratoside-C at 2 mg/L could cure the infected grass carp within 48 h. The exact mechanism of cynatratoside-C for killing I. multifiliis is unknown, but it manifests itself microscopically through loss of membrane integrity of nonencysted tomonts or through releasing immature theronts from encysted tomonts. The immature theronts finally died before infecting fish. On the basis of th...
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antiparasitic effect of cynatratoside c from cynanchum atratum against ichthyophthirius multifiliis on grass carp
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2014Co-Authors: Qizhong Zhang, Jinghan Liang, Bin WangAbstract:Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich), a fish ectoparasite, comprises an important challenge in the aquaculture industry. In this study, a steroidal glycoside, cynatratoside-C, isolated from Cynanchum atratum roots by bioassay-guided fractionation was used to treat I. multifiliis. The cynatratoside-C at 0.25 mg/L demonstrated a 100% mortality of I. multifiliis in vitro after 5 h exposure. The 5 h Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of cynatratoside-C to nonencysted tomonts was 0.083 mg/L. In addition, cynatratoside-C at Concentrations of 0.125 and 0.06 mg/L could completely terminate the reproduction of encysted tomonts. The cynatratoside-C at 2 mg/L could cure the infected grass carp within 48 h. The exact mechanism of cynatratoside-C for killing I. multifiliis is unknown, but it manifests itself microscopically through loss of membrane integrity of nonencysted tomonts or through releasing immature theronts from encysted tomonts. The immature theronts finally died before infecting fish. On the basis of these results, cynatratoside-C could be used as a natural anti-I. multifiliis agent.
Qizhong Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cynatratoside c efficacy against theronts of ichthyophthirius multifiliis and toxicity tests on grass carp and mammal blood cells
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 2015Co-Authors: Yaowu Fu, Dehai Xu, Qizhong Zhang, Bin Wang, Jinghan LiangAbstract:: Infection by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a ciliated protozoan parasite, results in high fish mortality and causes severe economic losses in aquaculture. To find new, efficient anti-I. multifiliis agents, cynatratoside-C was isolated from Cynanchum atratum by bioassay-guided fractionation in a previous study. The present study investigated the anti-theront activity, determined the toxicity of cynatratoside-C to grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus and mammalian blood cells, and evaluated the protection of cynatratoside-C against I. multifiliis theront infection in grass carp. Results showed that all theronts were killed by 0.25 mg l-1 of cynatratoside-C in 186.7 ± 5.8 min. Cynatratoside-C at 0.25 mg l-1 was Effective in treating infected grass carp and protecting naive fish from I. multifiliis infestation. The 96 h Median lethal Concentration (LC50) of cynatratoside-C to grass carp and 4 h Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of cynatratoside-C to theront were 46.8 and 0.088 mg l-1, respectively. In addition, the hemolysis assay demonstrated that cynatratoside-C had no cytotoxicity to rabbit red blood cells. Therefore, cynatratoside-C could be a safe and Effective potential parasiticide for controlling I. multifiliis.
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identification and effect of two flavonoids from root bark of morus alba against ichthyophthirius multifiliis in grass carp
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2015Co-Authors: Jinghan Liang, Qizhong Zhang, Bin Wang, Dejie LinAbstract:Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich) is an important ciliate that parasitizes gills and skin of freshwater fish and causes massive fish mortality. In this study, two flavonoids (kuwanons G and O) with anti-Ich activity were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation from the root bark of Morus alba, an important plant for sericulture. The chemical structures of kuwanons G and O were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. Kuwanons G and O caused 100% mortality of I. multifiliis theronts at the Concentration of 2 mg/L and possessed a Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of 0.8 ± 0.04 mg/L against the theronts. In addition, kuwanons G and O significantly reduced the infectivity of I. multifiliis theronts at Concentrations of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/L. The Median lethal Concentrations (LC50) of kuwanons G and O to grass carp were 38.0 ± 0.82 and 26.9 ± 0.51 mg/L, which were approximately 50 and 35 times the EC50 for killing theronts. The results indicate that kuwanons G and O have the potential to become safe and Effective drugs to control ichthyophthiriasis.
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identification and effect of two flavonoids from root bark of morus alba against ichthyophthirius multifiliis in grass carp
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2015Co-Authors: Jinghan Liang, Yaowu Fu, Dehai Xu, Qizhong Zhang, Bin WangAbstract:Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich) is an important ciliate that parasitizes gills and skin of freshwater fish and causes massive fish mortality. In this study, two flavonoids (kuwanons G and O) with anti-Ich activity were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation from the root bark of Morus alba, an important plant for sericulture. The chemical structures of kuwanons G and O were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. Kuwanons G and O caused 100% mortality of I. multifiliis theronts at the Concentration of 2 mg/L and possessed a Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of 0.8 ± 0.04 mg/L against the theronts. In addition, kuwanons G and O significantly reduced the infectivity of I. multifiliis theronts at Concentrations of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/L. The Median lethal Concentrations (LC50) of kuwanons G and O to grass carp were 38.0 ± 0.82 and 26.9 ± 0.51 mg/L, which were approximately 50 and 35 times the EC50 for killing theronts. The results indicate that kuwanons G and O have the potential to become safe...
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anthelmintic activity of saikosaponins a and d from radix bupleuri against dactylogyrus spp infecting goldfish
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 2014Co-Authors: Fei Ling, Qizhong Zhang, Xiao Tu, Gaoxue WangAbstract:Disease caused by the parasitic helminths Dactylogyrus spp. results in significant economic damage to the aquaculture industry. Treatment using common chemicals (e.g. formalin) is usually dissatisfactory due to environmental problems, risk of residues, toxicity to fish, and the possibility of anthelmintic resistance. The search for an alternative drug is thus becoming more urgent. This study was designed to evaluate in vivo the anthelmintic efficacy of total saponin (TS), saikosaponin a (SSa), and saikosaponin d (SSd) from radix bupleuri (i.e. the dried root of Bupleu- rum sp.) based on our previous screening works, with the aim of determining which has commer- cial potential. Results showed that Median Effective Concentration (EC50) values for TS, SSa, and SSd were 2.01, 1.46, and 0.74 mg l −1 , respectively. The acute toxicities against goldfish Carassius auratus for TS, SSa, and SSd were also determined, with Median lethal Concentration (LC50) of 8.99, 11.20, and 1.54 mg l −1 , respectively. The resulting therapeutic indices (TIs) indicated that SSa (TI = 7.67) is a potential therapeutic agent for treating Dactylogyrus infection.
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antiparasitic effect of cynatratoside c from cynanchum atratum against ichthyophthirius multifiliis on grass carp
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2014Co-Authors: Yaowu Fu, Dehai Xu, Qizhong Zhang, Jinghan Liang, Bin WangAbstract:Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich), a fish ectoparasite, comprises an important challenge in the aquaculture industry. In this study, a steroidal glycoside, cynatratoside-C, isolated from Cynanchum atratum roots by bioassay-guided fractionation was used to treat I. multifiliis. The cynatratoside-C at 0.25 mg/L demonstrated a 100% mortality of I. multifiliis in vitro after 5 h exposure. The 5 h Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of cynatratoside-C to nonencysted tomonts was 0.083 mg/L. In addition, cynatratoside-C at Concentrations of 0.125 and 0.06 mg/L could completely terminate the reproduction of encysted tomonts. The cynatratoside-C at 2 mg/L could cure the infected grass carp within 48 h. The exact mechanism of cynatratoside-C for killing I. multifiliis is unknown, but it manifests itself microscopically through loss of membrane integrity of nonencysted tomonts or through releasing immature theronts from encysted tomonts. The immature theronts finally died before infecting fish. On the basis of th...