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Dan H Barouch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • durable mucosal simian immunodeficiency virus specific effecTor Memory T lymphocyTe responses eliciTed by recombinanT adenovirus vecTors in rhesus monkeys
    Journal of Virology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Jinyan Liu, Dan H Barouch, Angela Carville, Keith G Mansfield, Diana M Lynch
    Abstract:

    The inducTion of poTenT and durable cellular immune responses in boTh peripheral and mucosal Tissues may be imporTanT for The developmenT of effecTive vaccines againsT human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 and oTher paThogens. In parTicular, effecTor responses aT mucosal surfaces may be criTical To respond rapidly To incoming mucosal paThogens. Here we reporT ThaT inTramuscular injecTion of nonreplicaTing recombinanT adenovirus (rAd) vecTors inTo rhesus monkeys induced remarkably durable simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-specific T lymphocyTe responses ThaT persisTed for over 2 years in boTh peripheral blood and mulTiple mucosal Tissues, including colorecTal, duodenal, and vaginal biopsy specimens, as well as bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In peripheral blood, SIV-specific T lymphocyTes underwenT The expecTed phenoTypic evoluTion from effecTor Memory T cells (T(EM)) To cenTral Memory T cells (TCM) following vaccinaTion. In conTrasT, mucosal SIV-specific T lymphocyTes exhibiTed a persisTenT and durable T(EM) phenoType ThaT did noT evolve over Time. These daTa demonsTraTe ThaT nonreplicaTing rAd vecTors induce durable and widely disTribuTed effecTor Memory mucosal T lymphocyTe responses ThaT are phenoTypically disTincT from peripheral T lymphocyTe responses. Vaccine-eliciTed T(EM) responses aT mucosal surfaces may prove criTical for affording proTecTion againsT invading paThogens aT The mucosal porTals of enTry.

  • recombinanT poxvirus boosTing of dna primed rhesus monkeys augmenTs peak buT noT Memory T lymphocyTe responses
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004
    Co-Authors: Sampa Santra, Dan H Barouch, Birgit Koriothschmitz, Carol I Lord, Georgia R Krivulka, Margaret H Beddall, Darci A Gorgone, Michelle A Lifton, Ayako Miura, Valerie Philippon
    Abstract:

    AlThough a consensus has emerged ThaT an HIV vaccine should eliciT a cyToToxic T lymphocyTe (CTL) response, The characTerisTics of an effecTive vaccine-induced T lymphocyTe response remain unclear. We explored This issue in The simian human immunodeficiency virus/rhesus monkey model in The course of assessing The relaTive immunogeniciTy of vaccine regimens ThaT included a cyTokine-augmenTed plasmid DNA prime and a boosT wiTh DNA or recombinanT pox vecTors. RecombinanT vaccinia virus, recombinanT modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA), and recombinanT fowlpox were comparable in Their immunogeniciTy. Moreover, whereas The magniTude of The peak vaccine-eliciTed T lymphocyTe responses in The recombinanT pox virus-boosTed monkeys was subsTanTially greaTer Than ThaT seen in The monkeys immunized wiTh plasmid DNA alone, The magniTudes of recombinanT pox boosTed CTL responses decayed rapidly and were comparable To Those of The DNA-alone-vaccinaTed monkeys by The Time of viral challenge. ConsisTenT wiTh These comparable Memory T cell responses, The clinical proTecTion seen in all groups of experimenTally vaccinaTed monkeys was similar. This sTudy, Therefore, indicaTes ThaT The sTeady-sTaTe Memory, raTher Than The peak effecTor vaccine-eliciTed T lymphocyTe responses, may be The criTical immune correlaTe of proTecTion for a CTL-based HIV vaccine.

Remigio M Olveda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • human cd4 Memory T lymphocyTe responses To sars coronavirus infecTion
    Virology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Daniel H Libraty, Kimberly M Oneil, Lauren M Baker, Luz P Acosta, Remigio M Olveda
    Abstract:

    LiTTle is known abouT CD4(+) T-cell immuniTy To The severe acuTe respiraTory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus. In Two SARS paTienTs, we examined The Memory CD4(+) T-cell responses To pepTides derived from SARS coronavirus sTrucTural proTeins. We generaTed CD4(+) T-cell lines To 3 pepTides from The spike (S) proTein and defined Their HLA resTricTion. In one paTienT, The predominanT Memory CD4(+) T-cell response was direcTed againsT an epiTope ouTside The S proTein recepTor-binding domain. In boTh paTienTs, The frequency of CD4(+) Memory T-cells To virus sTrucTural proTeins and anTi-SARS coronavirus IgG levels were low by 12 monThs afTer infecTion. This reporT expands our undersTanding of The specificiTy and duraTion of anTi-SARS coronavirus CD4(+) T-cell immune responses.

Robert T Bailer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • long lived Memory T lymphocyTe responses againsT sars coronavirus nucleocapsid proTein in sars recovered paTienTs
    Virology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Hui Peng, Litao Yang, Lingyun Wang, Jun Huang, Richard A Koup, Robert T Bailer
    Abstract:

    The nucleocapsid (N) proTein is a sTrucTural componenT of severe acuTe respiraTory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and can induce anTibody responses in SARS paTienTs during infecTion. However, iT is noT known wheTher SARS-CoV N proTein can induce a long persisTence of Memory T-cell response in human. In This sTudy, we found ThaT peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from fully recovered SARS individuals rapidly produced IFN-gamma and IL-2 following sTimulaTion wiTh a pool of overlapping pepTides ThaT cover The enTire N proTein sequence. The N-specific IFN-gamma(+)CD4(+) T cells were mainly composed of CD45RA(-)CCR7(+)CD62L(-) cells, whereas IFN-gamma(+)CD8(+) Memory T cells were mosTly conTained wiThin CD45RA(+)CCR7(-)CD62L(-) cell populaTion. EpiTope mapping sTudy indicaTed ThaT a clusTer of overlapping pepTides locaTed in The C-Terminal region (amino acids [aa] 331 To 362) of N proTein conTained aT leasT Two differenT T-cell epiTopes. The resulTs indicaTed ThaT human Memory T-cell responses specific for SARS-CoV N proTein could persisT for 2 years in The absence of anTigen, which would be a valuable for The design of effecTive vaccines againsT SARS-CoV and for basic sTudies of human T-cell Memory.

Francis A Ennis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • long lived Memory T lymphocyTe responses afTer hanTavirus infecTion
    Journal of Experimental Medicine, 2002
    Co-Authors: Heather L Van Epps, Masanori Terajima, Jukka Mustonen, Petteri T Arstila, Elizabeth Ann Corey, Antti Vaheri, Francis A Ennis
    Abstract:

    Puumala virus (PUUV) is a hanTavirus ThaT causes hemorrhagic fever wiTh renal syndrome (HFRS), which is an imporTanT public healTh problem in large parTs of Europe. We examined The Memory cyTolyTic T lymphocyTe (CTL) responses in 13 Finnish individuals who had HFRS beTween 1984 and 1995. In seven of These donors, we deTecTed virus-specific CTL responses againsT The PUUV nucleocapsid (N) proTein afTer in viTro sTimulaTion wiTh PUUV. Six novel CD8+ CTL epiTopes were defined on The N proTein and were found To be resTricTed by various HLA alleles including A2, A28, B7, and B8. This is The firsT demonsTraTion of PUUV-specific CTL responses in humans, and The firsT idenTificaTion of CTL epiTopes on PUUV. In addiTion, This sTudy provides one of The few characTerizaTions of a human anTiviral Memory T cell response, wiThouT The complicaTing issues of virus persisTence or reinfecTion. InTerferon (IFN)-γ ELISPOT analysis showed ThaT Memory CTL specific for These epiTopes were presenT aT high frequency in PUUV-immune individuals many years afTer acuTe infecTion in The absence of deTecTable viral RNA. The frequencies of PUUV-specific CTL were comparable To or exceeded Those found in oTher viral sysTems including influenza, EBV and HIV, in which CTL responses may be boosTed by periodic reinfecTion or virus persisTence.

  • human Memory cyToToxic T lymphocyTe cTl responses To hanTaan virus infecTion idenTificaTion of virus specific and cross reacTive cd8 cTl epiTopes on nucleocapsid proTein
    Journal of Virology, 1999
    Co-Authors: Heather Lin Van Epps, Connie S Schmaljohn, Francis A Ennis
    Abstract:

    HanTaan virus, The proToTypic member of The HanTavirus genus, causes hemorrhagic fever wiTh renal syndrome in humans. We examined The human Memory T-lymphocyTe responses of Three donors who had previous laboraTory-acquired infecTions wiTh HanTaan virus. We demonsTraTed virus-specific responses in bulk culTures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from all donors. Bulk T-cell responses were direcTed againsT eiTher HanTaan virus nucleocapsid (N) or G1 proTein, and These responses varied beTween donors. We esTablished boTh CD4 + and CD8 + N-specific cell lines from Two donors and CD4 + G1-specific cell lines from a Third donor. All CD8 + cyToToxic T-lymphocyTe (CTL) lines recognized one of Two epiTopes on The nucleocapsid proTein: one epiTope spanning amino acids 12 To 20 and The oTher spanning amino acids 421 To 429. The CTL lines specific for amino acids 12 To 20 were resTricTed by HLA B51, and Those specific for amino acids 421 To 429 were resTricTed by HLA A1. The N-specific CTL lines isolaTed from These Two donors included boTh HanTaan virus-specific CTLs and hanTavirus cross-reacTive CTLs. Responses To boTh epiTopes are deTecTable in shorT-Term bulk culTures of PBMC from one donor, and precursor frequency analysis confirms ThaT CTLs specific for These epiTopes are presenT aT relaTively high precursor frequencies in The peripheral T-cell pool. These daTa suggesT ThaT infecTion wiTh HanTaan virus resulTs in The generaTion of CTL To limiTed epiTopes on The nucleocapsid proTein and ThaT infecTion also resulTs in The generaTion of cross-reacTive T-cell responses To disTanTly relaTed hanTaviruses which cause The disTincT hanTavirus pulmonary syndrome. This is The firsT demonsTraTion of human T-lymphocyTe responses To HanTaan virus.

Paul J Austin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • expansion and acTivaTion of disTincT cenTral Memory T lymphocyTe subseTs in complex regional pain syndrome
    Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2019
    Co-Authors: Marc Russo, Nathan T Fiore, Caryn Van Vreden, Dominic Bailey, Danielle M Santarelli, Helen M Mcguire, Barbara Fazekas De St Groth, Paul J Austin
    Abstract:

    Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a debiliTaTing condiTion where Trauma To a limb resulTs in devasTaTing persisTenT pain ThaT is disproporTionaTe To The iniTial injury. The paThophysiology of CRPS remains unknown; however, accumulaTing evidence suggesTs iT is an immunoneurological disorder, especially in lighT of evidence of auTo-anTibodies in ~ 30% of paTienTs. DespiTe This, a sysTemaTic assessmenT of all circulaTing leukocyTe populaTions in CRPS has never been performed. We characTerised 14 parTicipanTs as meeTing The BudapesT clinical criTeria for CRPS and assessed Their pain raTings and psychological sTaTe using a series of quesTionnaires. NexT, we performed immunophenoTyping on blood samples from The 14 CRPS parTicipanTs as well as 14 healThy pain-free conTrols using mass cyTomeTry. Using a panel of 38 phenoTypic and acTivaTion markers, we characTerised The numbers and inTracellular acTivaTion sTaTus of all major leukocyTe populaTions using manual gaTing sTraTegies and unsupervised clusTer analysis. We have shown expansion and acTivaTion of several disTincT populaTions of cenTral Memory T lymphocyTes in CRPS. The number of cenTral Memory CD8+ T cells was increased 2.15-fold; furThermore, This cell group had increased phosphorylaTion of NFkB and STAT1 compared To conTrols. Regarding cenTral Memory CD4+ T lymphocyTes, The number of Th1 and Treg cells was increased 4.98-fold and 2.18-fold respecTively, wiTh increased phosphorylaTion of NFkB in boTh populaTions. We also found decreased numbers of CD1c+ myeloid dendriTic cells, alThough wiTh increased p38 phosphorylaTion. These changes could indicaTe dendriTic cell Tissue Trafficking, as well as Their involvemenT in lymphocyTe acTivaTion. These findings represenT The firsT mass cyTomeTry immunophenoTyping sTudy in any chronic pain sTaTe and provide preliminary evidence of an anTigen-mediaTed T lymphocyTe response in CRPS. In parTicular, The presence of increased numbers of long-lived cenTral Memory CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyTes wiTh increased acTivaTion of pro-inflammaTory signalling paThways may indicaTe ongoing inflammaTion and cellular damage in CRPS.

  • correcTion To expansion and acTivaTion of disTincT cenTral Memory T lymphocyTe subseTs in complex regional pain syndrome
    Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2019
    Co-Authors: Marc Russo, Nathan T Fiore, Caryn Van Vreden, Dominic Bailey, Danielle M Santarelli, Helen M Mcguire, Barbara Fazekas De St Groth, Paul J Austin
    Abstract:

    Following publicaTion of The original arTicle [1], The auThors reporTed an error in Figure 4 as The wrong figure was used.