The Experts below are selected from a list of 4521 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Thomas Podgorski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The plasma protein fibrinogen stabilizes clusters of red blood cells in microcapillary flows
    Scientific Reports, 2014
    Co-Authors: Matthias Brust, Othmane Aouane, Marine Thiébaud, Daniel Flormann, Claude Verdier, Lars Kaestner, Matthias Laschke, Hassib Selmi, Abdellilah Benyoussef, Thomas Podgorski
    Abstract:

    The supply of oxygen and nutrients and the disposal of Metabolic Waste in the organs depend strongly on how blood, especially red blood cells, flow through the microvascular network. Macromolecular plasma proteins such as fibrinogen cause red blood cells to form large aggregates, called rouleaux, which are usually assumed to be disaggregated in the circulation due to the shear forces present in bulk flow. This leads to the assumption that rouleaux formation is only relevant in the venule network and in arterioles at low shear rates or stasis. Thanks to an excellent agreement between combined experimental and numerical approaches, we show that despite the large shear rates present in microcapillaries, the presence of either fibrinogen or the synthetic polymer dextran leads to an enhanced formation of robust clusters of red blood cells, even at haematocrits as low as 1%. Robust aggregates are shown to exist in microcapillaries even for fibrinogen concentrations within the healthy physiological range. These persistent aggregates should strongly affect cell distribution and blood perfusion in the microvasculature, with putative implications for blood disorders even within apparently asymptomatic subjects.

Hiroshi Omote - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • multidrug and toxic compound extrusion mate type proteins as anchor transporters for the excretion of Metabolic Waste products and xenobiotics
    Xenobiotica, 2008
    Co-Authors: Yoshinori Moriyama, Miki Hiasa, Takuya Matsumoto, Hiroshi Omote
    Abstract:

    1. Multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE)-type transporters, which were first identified as a bacterial drug transporter family, are present in almost all prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and are thus one of the mostly conserved transporter families in nature.2. Recently, a mammalian MATE transporter was shown to be a long hypothesized electroneutral H+/organic cation exporter that is responsible for the excretion of Metabolic Waste products and xenobiotics at renal brush border membranes and bile canaliculi. Plant MATE-type transporters are involved in the detoxification of metals and secondary metabolites such as phenols through their vesicular storage or extrusion at the plasma membrane.3. Thus, MATE transporters are involved in one of the basic mechanisms that maintain homeostasis through the excretion of Metabolic Waste products and xenobiotics in nature.

  • The MATE proteins as fundamental transporters of Metabolic and xenobiotic organic cations
    Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 2006
    Co-Authors: Hiroshi Omote, Takuya Matsumoto, Miki Hiasa, Masato Otsuka, Yoshinori Moriyama
    Abstract:

    Multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) proteins, comprising the most recently designated family of multidrug transporter proteins, are widely distributed in all kingdoms of living organisms, although their function is far from understood. The bacterial MATE-type transporters that have been characterized function as exporters of cationic drugs, such as norfloxacin and ethidium, through H + or Na + exchange. Plant MATE-type transporters are involved in the detoxification of secondary metabolites, including alkaloids. Mammalian MATE-type transporters are responsible for the final step in the excretion of Metabolic Waste and xenobiotic organic cations in the kidney and liver through electroneutral exchange of H + . Thus, we propose that members of the MATE family are organic cation exporters that excrete Metabolic or xenobiotic organic cations from the body.

Matthias Brust - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The plasma protein fibrinogen stabilizes clusters of red blood cells in microcapillary flows
    Scientific Reports, 2014
    Co-Authors: Matthias Brust, Othmane Aouane, Marine Thiébaud, Daniel Flormann, Claude Verdier, Lars Kaestner, Matthias Laschke, Hassib Selmi, Abdellilah Benyoussef, Thomas Podgorski
    Abstract:

    The supply of oxygen and nutrients and the disposal of Metabolic Waste in the organs depend strongly on how blood, especially red blood cells, flow through the microvascular network. Macromolecular plasma proteins such as fibrinogen cause red blood cells to form large aggregates, called rouleaux, which are usually assumed to be disaggregated in the circulation due to the shear forces present in bulk flow. This leads to the assumption that rouleaux formation is only relevant in the venule network and in arterioles at low shear rates or stasis. Thanks to an excellent agreement between combined experimental and numerical approaches, we show that despite the large shear rates present in microcapillaries, the presence of either fibrinogen or the synthetic polymer dextran leads to an enhanced formation of robust clusters of red blood cells, even at haematocrits as low as 1%. Robust aggregates are shown to exist in microcapillaries even for fibrinogen concentrations within the healthy physiological range. These persistent aggregates should strongly affect cell distribution and blood perfusion in the microvasculature, with putative implications for blood disorders even within apparently asymptomatic subjects.

Yoshinori Moriyama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • multidrug and toxic compound extrusion mate type proteins as anchor transporters for the excretion of Metabolic Waste products and xenobiotics
    Xenobiotica, 2008
    Co-Authors: Yoshinori Moriyama, Miki Hiasa, Takuya Matsumoto, Hiroshi Omote
    Abstract:

    1. Multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE)-type transporters, which were first identified as a bacterial drug transporter family, are present in almost all prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and are thus one of the mostly conserved transporter families in nature.2. Recently, a mammalian MATE transporter was shown to be a long hypothesized electroneutral H+/organic cation exporter that is responsible for the excretion of Metabolic Waste products and xenobiotics at renal brush border membranes and bile canaliculi. Plant MATE-type transporters are involved in the detoxification of metals and secondary metabolites such as phenols through their vesicular storage or extrusion at the plasma membrane.3. Thus, MATE transporters are involved in one of the basic mechanisms that maintain homeostasis through the excretion of Metabolic Waste products and xenobiotics in nature.

  • The MATE proteins as fundamental transporters of Metabolic and xenobiotic organic cations
    Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 2006
    Co-Authors: Hiroshi Omote, Takuya Matsumoto, Miki Hiasa, Masato Otsuka, Yoshinori Moriyama
    Abstract:

    Multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) proteins, comprising the most recently designated family of multidrug transporter proteins, are widely distributed in all kingdoms of living organisms, although their function is far from understood. The bacterial MATE-type transporters that have been characterized function as exporters of cationic drugs, such as norfloxacin and ethidium, through H + or Na + exchange. Plant MATE-type transporters are involved in the detoxification of secondary metabolites, including alkaloids. Mammalian MATE-type transporters are responsible for the final step in the excretion of Metabolic Waste and xenobiotic organic cations in the kidney and liver through electroneutral exchange of H + . Thus, we propose that members of the MATE family are organic cation exporters that excrete Metabolic or xenobiotic organic cations from the body.

William R Moomaw - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • laser stain removal of fungus induced stains from paper
    Journal of The American Institute for Conservation, 1994
    Co-Authors: Hanna Szczepanowska, William R Moomaw
    Abstract:

    AbstractArtworks and other documents on paper often suffer damage from the growth of several species of fungi. These fungi appear to utilize trace mineral elements in the paper for their metabolism and gradually consume the paper itself as a carbon source. In the process, they often produce stains on paper that may arise from colored, organic Metabolic Waste products, or the fungus may convert colorless metal ions in the paper into visible stains, as occurs in foxing. Sometimes the observed stain is that of the colored fungal bodies themselves. In this paper, we will report on the effectiveness of the intense light from a powerful laser to remove fungus-produced stains from prints, drawings, and artworks executed on paper. In some favorable cases, the fungal mycelia that penetrate the paper were removed along with the stain. Examination of successfully treated areas by both optical and electron microscopy reveals little or no damage to the surface or structure of the paper support following laser cleaning...