The Experts below are selected from a list of 23076 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
He Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Experimental verification of upgraded Metallurgical silicon photovoltaic power plant
Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 2014Co-Authors: Hong Yang, Haidong Wang, He Wang, Ding JiyeAbstract:The upgraded Metallurgical silicon (UMG-Si) purified by a Metallurgical Process route directly is more energy efficient than the conventional Siemens Process, but high metallic impurities are the cause of a large fraction of the total recombination events in solar cells made from UMG-Si. The efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells made by such materials is lower than that from a chemical route, and UMG solar cells have big light-induced degradation. So, there always exist debates about using the upgraded Metallurgical silicon for photovoltaic. In this paper, the impurity contents of silicon samples obtained in different stages were investigated, and a four-year verification of the largest UMG photovoltaic power plant in the world was conducted for the first time. The reliability, operating performance, and defects of UMG photovoltaic power plant were analyzed.
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The materials characteristic and the efficiency degradation of solar cells from solar grade silicon from a Metallurgical Process route
Journal of Materials Science, 2010Co-Authors: Hong Yang, He WangAbstract:The rising conventional energy prices have opened up the market for photovoltaic, but the lack of polycrystalline silicon from the chemical route restricts the growth of crystalline silicon solar cells. Recently there is a trend that produces solar cells by using the newly developed solar grade silicon feedstock from a Metallurgical Process route. In this article, the chemical components of solar grade silicon feedstock are analyzed. The single crystalline silicon solar cells from 100% solar grade silicon feedstock from a Metallurgical Process route are investigated. The outdoor performance of solar modules encapsulated by such cells is reported. The experimental evidence suggests that such solar cells can achieve the average efficiency higher than 14% on single crystalline silicon wafers. However, the efficiency degradation of solar cells under natural sunlight is significant, and the electrical uniformity of small cells diced from the whole cell is too bad. The metal impurities, oxygen, carbon, and their complexes influence the performance stabilization. The article proves that the module made by such cells has a big cell mismatch loss than normal cells made by electronic grade silicon, even if these cells come from the same sort. And the operating temperature of the cells of the modules is 15–22 °C higher than normal modules under the same conditions. The solar grade silicon feedstock from a Metallurgical Process route has to be improved farther in order to be used in photovoltaic industry.
Soon Hyung Hong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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microstructure mechanical property and hall petch relationship of a light weight refractory al0 1crnbvmo high entropy alloy fabricated by powder Metallurgical Process
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2018Co-Authors: Byungchul Kang, Jun Ho Lee, Ho Jin Ryu, Soon Hyung HongAbstract:Abstract A light-weight refractory Al0.1CrNbVMo high entropy alloy (HEA) was fabricated by high energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering (SPS). The alloy had a density of 7.96 g/cm3, which is lower than that of conventional Ni-base superalloys. Optimum milling time was decided by the microstructure analysis of the HEA powders. The microstructure of the bulk alloy consisted of a body-centered cubic (BCC) matrix with a minor amount of alumina inclusions. The Al0.1CrNbVMo HEA exhibited outstanding compressive mechanical properties of 2863 MPa at room temperature, and 1405 MPa at 1000 °C, respectively. The specific yield strength of 176 MPa cm3/g at 1000 °C, is much higher than that of the other refractory HEAs. The Hall-Petch coefficient of the Al0.1CrNbVMo alloy was derived to 811 MPa μ m 0.5.
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ultra high strength wnbmotav high entropy alloys with fine grain structure fabricated by powder Metallurgical Process
Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, 2018Co-Authors: Byungchul Kang, Soon Hyung HongAbstract:Abstract An equi-atomic WNbMoTaV high entropy alloy (HEA) with a single body-centered cubic structure (BCC) was firstly fabricated by the powder Metallurgical Process of mechanical alloying (MA) and spark plasma sintering (SPS). Mechanical alloying behavior, microstructure and mechanical properties of the WNbMoTaV HEA were studied systematically. During MA, a single BCC phase was formed and the average particle size and crystallite size was refined to 1.83 µm and 66.1 nm, respectively, after 6 h of MA. Afterward, the as-milled powders were subsequently sintered in the temperature range of 1500–1700 °C. The microstructure of the sintered sample exhibits a few micrometer-scale grain size and a homogeneous BCC matrix with a small amount of oxide inclusion originated from oxidation during the powder Metallurgical Process. The bulk sample of the WNbMoTaV HEA sintered at 1500 °C shows an ultra-high compressive yield strength of 2612 MPa with a failure strain of 8.8% at room temperature, respectively. These mechanical properties of the WNbMoTaV HEA fabricated by the powder Metallurgical Process were attributed to the combined effects of grain boundary strengthening, substitutional solid solution strengthening, interstitial solid solution strengthening and Orowan strengthening by the oxide inclusions. Through a Hall-Petch analysis, the Hall-Petch coefficient of the WNbMoTaV HEA was derived. The WNbMoTaV HEA fabricated via the powder Metallurgical Process showed the best compressive yield strength when compared with the other reported refractory HEAs Processed with arc-melting and casting.
Hong Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Experimental verification of upgraded Metallurgical silicon photovoltaic power plant
Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 2014Co-Authors: Hong Yang, Haidong Wang, He Wang, Ding JiyeAbstract:The upgraded Metallurgical silicon (UMG-Si) purified by a Metallurgical Process route directly is more energy efficient than the conventional Siemens Process, but high metallic impurities are the cause of a large fraction of the total recombination events in solar cells made from UMG-Si. The efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells made by such materials is lower than that from a chemical route, and UMG solar cells have big light-induced degradation. So, there always exist debates about using the upgraded Metallurgical silicon for photovoltaic. In this paper, the impurity contents of silicon samples obtained in different stages were investigated, and a four-year verification of the largest UMG photovoltaic power plant in the world was conducted for the first time. The reliability, operating performance, and defects of UMG photovoltaic power plant were analyzed.
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The materials characteristic and the efficiency degradation of solar cells from solar grade silicon from a Metallurgical Process route
Journal of Materials Science, 2010Co-Authors: Hong Yang, He WangAbstract:The rising conventional energy prices have opened up the market for photovoltaic, but the lack of polycrystalline silicon from the chemical route restricts the growth of crystalline silicon solar cells. Recently there is a trend that produces solar cells by using the newly developed solar grade silicon feedstock from a Metallurgical Process route. In this article, the chemical components of solar grade silicon feedstock are analyzed. The single crystalline silicon solar cells from 100% solar grade silicon feedstock from a Metallurgical Process route are investigated. The outdoor performance of solar modules encapsulated by such cells is reported. The experimental evidence suggests that such solar cells can achieve the average efficiency higher than 14% on single crystalline silicon wafers. However, the efficiency degradation of solar cells under natural sunlight is significant, and the electrical uniformity of small cells diced from the whole cell is too bad. The metal impurities, oxygen, carbon, and their complexes influence the performance stabilization. The article proves that the module made by such cells has a big cell mismatch loss than normal cells made by electronic grade silicon, even if these cells come from the same sort. And the operating temperature of the cells of the modules is 15–22 °C higher than normal modules under the same conditions. The solar grade silicon feedstock from a Metallurgical Process route has to be improved farther in order to be used in photovoltaic industry.
Shuqiang Jiao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ni 0 36 al 0 10 cu 0 30 fe 0 24 metallic inert anode for the electrochemical production of fe ni alloy in molten k 2 co 3 na 2 co 3
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B-process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science, 2018Co-Authors: Donghua Tian, Mingyong Wang, Yanping Zhou, Handong Jiao, Jiusan Xiao, Shuqiang JiaoAbstract:In this paper, a Ni0.36Al0.10Cu0.30Fe0.24 metallic inert anode was proposed and the electrochemical behaviors were studied in molten K2CO3-Na2CO3 at 1023 K by polarization curves and Tafel plots. The results indicated that Ni0.36Al0.10Cu0.30Fe0.24 alloy was stable in carbonate due to the formation of a passivation film on the surface. The film was mainly composed of NiFe2O4 and Al2O3 with a dense structure, which inhibited further corrosion of anode. Moreover, oxygen gas and Fe-Ni alloy have been successfully generated through electrolysis with NiO-Fe2O3 pellet as cathode and Ni0.36Al0.10Cu0.30Fe0.24 alloy as anode under a potential of 1.9 V for 24 hours. Ni0.36Al0.10Cu0.30Fe0.24 alloy exhibited bright prospect as a potential candidate of inert anode for green Metallurgical Process.
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electrochemical reduction of iron oxide in molten sodium hydroxide based on a ni0 94si0 04al0 02 metallic inert anode
Electrochimica Acta, 2013Co-Authors: Shubo Wang, Yuejiao Hu, Jianbang Ge, Shuqiang JiaoAbstract:Abstract Electrochemical tests, including anodic polarization, Tafel polarization and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS), were used to evaluate the anodic behaviors of a ternary alloy of Ni 0.94 Si 0.04 Al 0.02 in molten NaOH at 773 K. The results revealed that a conductive passivation layer had formed during electrolysis, which protected the N i0.94 Si 0.04 Al 0.02 substrate from further attacked. An in situ test of anodic gases using a mass spectra indicated that oxygen was emitted from the interface of the Ni 0.94 Si 0.04 Al 0.02 anode. Meanwhile, the iron sponge can be electrochemically produced when Fe 2 O 3 is used as cathode. The significant result is that the Ni 0.94 Si 0.04 Al 0.02 alloy is promising as an inert anode in molten NaOH electrolyte for a green Metallurgical Process.
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novel Metallurgical Process for titanium production
Journal of Materials Research, 2006Co-Authors: Shuqiang Jiao, Hongmin ZhuAbstract:In this work, a consumable anode composed of a solid solution of titanium carbide and titanium monoxide was prepared via carbothermic reduction of TiO2. Upon electrolysis, the anode fed Ti2+ into solution and carbon monoxide was generated; no excess carbon remained to contaminate the melt. On the cathode, high-purity titanium (>99.9%) was produced. Our results suggest anode and cathode current efficiencies of 93.5% and 89% respectively, indicating that the method is viable and extremely cost-effective, potentially dropping the cost of titanium to near that of aluminum.
Byungchul Kang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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microstructure mechanical property and hall petch relationship of a light weight refractory al0 1crnbvmo high entropy alloy fabricated by powder Metallurgical Process
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2018Co-Authors: Byungchul Kang, Jun Ho Lee, Ho Jin Ryu, Soon Hyung HongAbstract:Abstract A light-weight refractory Al0.1CrNbVMo high entropy alloy (HEA) was fabricated by high energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering (SPS). The alloy had a density of 7.96 g/cm3, which is lower than that of conventional Ni-base superalloys. Optimum milling time was decided by the microstructure analysis of the HEA powders. The microstructure of the bulk alloy consisted of a body-centered cubic (BCC) matrix with a minor amount of alumina inclusions. The Al0.1CrNbVMo HEA exhibited outstanding compressive mechanical properties of 2863 MPa at room temperature, and 1405 MPa at 1000 °C, respectively. The specific yield strength of 176 MPa cm3/g at 1000 °C, is much higher than that of the other refractory HEAs. The Hall-Petch coefficient of the Al0.1CrNbVMo alloy was derived to 811 MPa μ m 0.5.
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ultra high strength wnbmotav high entropy alloys with fine grain structure fabricated by powder Metallurgical Process
Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, 2018Co-Authors: Byungchul Kang, Soon Hyung HongAbstract:Abstract An equi-atomic WNbMoTaV high entropy alloy (HEA) with a single body-centered cubic structure (BCC) was firstly fabricated by the powder Metallurgical Process of mechanical alloying (MA) and spark plasma sintering (SPS). Mechanical alloying behavior, microstructure and mechanical properties of the WNbMoTaV HEA were studied systematically. During MA, a single BCC phase was formed and the average particle size and crystallite size was refined to 1.83 µm and 66.1 nm, respectively, after 6 h of MA. Afterward, the as-milled powders were subsequently sintered in the temperature range of 1500–1700 °C. The microstructure of the sintered sample exhibits a few micrometer-scale grain size and a homogeneous BCC matrix with a small amount of oxide inclusion originated from oxidation during the powder Metallurgical Process. The bulk sample of the WNbMoTaV HEA sintered at 1500 °C shows an ultra-high compressive yield strength of 2612 MPa with a failure strain of 8.8% at room temperature, respectively. These mechanical properties of the WNbMoTaV HEA fabricated by the powder Metallurgical Process were attributed to the combined effects of grain boundary strengthening, substitutional solid solution strengthening, interstitial solid solution strengthening and Orowan strengthening by the oxide inclusions. Through a Hall-Petch analysis, the Hall-Petch coefficient of the WNbMoTaV HEA was derived. The WNbMoTaV HEA fabricated via the powder Metallurgical Process showed the best compressive yield strength when compared with the other reported refractory HEAs Processed with arc-melting and casting.