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Alberto Coronas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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performance analysis of a trigeneration system based on a Micro Gas Turbine and an air cooled indirect fired ammonia water absorption chiller
Applied Energy, 2011Co-Authors: M Moya, J C Bruno, P Eguia, E Torres, I Zamora, Alberto CoronasAbstract:The objective of this paper is to experimentally determine the efficiency and viability of the performance of an advanced trigeneration system that consists of a Micro Gas Turbine in which the exhaust Gases heat hot thermal oil to produce cooling with an air cooled absorption chiller and hot water for heating and DHW. The Micro Gas Turbine with a net power of 28kW produces around 60kW of heat to drive an ammonia/water air-cooled absorption chiller with a rated capacity of 17kW. The trigeneration system was tested in different operating conditions by varying the output power of the Micro Gas Turbine, the ambient temperature for the absorption unit, the chilled water outlet temperature and the thermal oil inlet temperature. The modelling performance of the trigeneration system and the electrical modelling of the Micro Gas Turbine are presented and compared with experimental results. Finally, the primary energy saving and the economic analysis show the advantages and drawbacks of this trigeneration configuration.
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Performance analysis of a trigeneration system based on a Micro Gas Turbine and an air-cooled, indirect fired, ammonia–water absorption chiller
Applied Energy, 2011Co-Authors: M Moya, J C Bruno, P Eguia, E Torres, I Zamora, Alberto CoronasAbstract:The objective of this paper is to experimentally determine the efficiency and viability of the performance of an advanced trigeneration system that consists of a Micro Gas Turbine in which the exhaust Gases heat hot thermal oil to produce cooling with an air cooled absorption chiller and hot water for heating and DHW. The Micro Gas Turbine with a net power of 28kW produces around 60kW of heat to drive an ammonia/water air-cooled absorption chiller with a rated capacity of 17kW. The trigeneration system was tested in different operating conditions by varying the output power of the Micro Gas Turbine, the ambient temperature for the absorption unit, the chilled water outlet temperature and the thermal oil inlet temperature. The modelling performance of the trigeneration system and the electrical modelling of the Micro Gas Turbine are presented and compared with experimental results. Finally, the primary energy saving and the economic analysis show the advantages and drawbacks of this trigeneration configuration.
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performance characteristics and modelling of a Micro Gas Turbine for their integration with thermally activated cooling technologies
International Journal of Energy Research, 2007Co-Authors: Adrian Vidal, Joan Carles Bruno, R Best, Alberto CoronasAbstract:We have developed a simple model of a Micro Gas Turbine system operating at high ambient temperatures and characterized its performance with a view to integrating this system with thermally activated cooling technologies. To develop and validate this model, we used experimental data from the Micro Gas Turbine test facility of the CREVER research centre. The MicroTurbine components were modelled and the thermodynamic properties of air and combustion Gases were estimated using a commercial process simulator. Important information such as net output power, MicroTurbine fuel consumption and exhaust Gas mass flow rate can be obtained with the empirical correlations we have developed in this study. This information can be useful for design exhaust Gas fired absorption chillers. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Harmonic Distortion Analysis of a Micro Gas Turbine Interconnected to the Electricity Grid
Renewable energy & power quality journal, 2004Co-Authors: J C Bruno, L. I. Massagués, Alberto CoronasAbstract:Micro Gas Turbines have opened new opportunities for integrated energy systems using thermally activated technologies for waste heat recovery, improved overall efficiency and reduced emissions in commercial buildings and other small-scale polygeneration applications. However some issues are still unclear, such as the legal and technical issues regarding the electric grid interconnection. In this paper both issues will be addressed from the point of view of the electric system protections and the power quality supply with respect to harmonic distortion. The objective is to provide data and analyse the harmonic distortion of a low-pressure natural Gas Micro Gas Turbine of 28 kWe interconnected to the grid. Additionally the main interconnection requirements and protection systems will be described. The studied Micro Gas Turbine cogeneration system is located in the Technological Innovation Centre CREVER at the University Rovira i Virgili in Tarragona (Spain). The results obtained show that the harmonic distortion is clearly below the limits recommended by the existing international standards. Also the already built-in MicroTurbine interconnection protections are enough to assure the correct operation and safety of the Micro Turbine system and the external grid. However increased communications and automation will be required to manage large amounts of distributed Micro Gas Turbines generation systems connected to the grid.
Aristide F Massardo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Micro Gas Turbine recuperator steady state and transient experimental investigation
Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power-transactions of The Asme, 2010Co-Authors: Mario L Ferrari, Loredana Magistri, Matteo Pascenti, Aristide F MassardoAbstract:The aim of this work is the experimental analysis of a primary-surface recuperator, operating in a 100 kW Micro Gas Turbine, as in a standard recuperated cycle. These tests, performed in both steady-state and transient conditions, have been carried out using the Micro Gas Turbine test rig, developed by the Thermochemical Power Group at the University of Genova, Italy. Even if this facility has mainly been designed for hybrid system emulations, it is possible to exploit the plant for component tests, such as experimental studies on recuperators. The valves installed in the rig make it possible to operate the plant in the standard recuperated configuration, and the facility has been equipped with new probes essential for this kind of tests. A wide-ranging analysis of the recuperator performance has been carried out with the machine, operating in stand-alone configuration, or connected to the electrical grid, to test different control strategy influences. Particular attention has been given to tests performed at different electrical load values and with different mass flow rates through the recuperator ducts. The final section of this paper reports the transient analysis carried out on this recuperator. The attention is mainly focused on thermal transient performance of the component, showing the effects of both temperature and flow steps. [DOI: 10.1115/1.3156822].
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Micro Gas Turbine recuperator steady state and transient experimental investigation
Volume 5: Microturbines and Small Turbomachinery; Oil and Gas Applications, 2009Co-Authors: Mario L Ferrari, Loredana Magistri, Matteo Pascenti, Aristide F MassardoAbstract:The aim of this work is the experimental analysis of a primary-surface recuperator operating in a 100 kW Micro Gas Turbine, as in a standard recuperated cycle. These tests, performed in both steady-state and transient conditions, have been carried out using the Micro Gas Turbine test rig developed by TPG at the University of Genoa, Italy. Even if this facility has mainly been designed for hybrid system emulations, it is possible to exploit the plant for component tests, such as experimental studies on recuperators. The valves installed in the rig make it possible to operate the plant in the standard recuperated configuration, and the facility has been equipped with new probes essential for this kind of tests. A wide-ranging analysis of the recuperator performance has been carried out with the machine operating in stand-alone configuration, or connected to the electrical grid, to test different control strategy influences. Particular attention has been given to tests performed at different electrical load values and with different mass flow rates through the recuperator ducts. The final section of this paper reports the transient analysis carried out on this recuperator. The attention is mainly focused on thermal transient performance of the component, showing the effects of both temperature and flow steps.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
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externally fired Micro Gas Turbine modelling and experimental performance
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2006Co-Authors: Alberto Traverso, Aristide F Massardo, Riccardo ScarpelliniAbstract:Abstract This work presents the steady-state and transient performance obtained by an Externally Fired Micro-Gas Turbine (EFmGT) demonstration plant. The plant was designed by Ansaldo Ricerche (ARI) s.r.l. and the Thermochemical Power Group (TPG) of the Universita di Genova, using the in-house TPG codes TEMP (Thermoeconomic Modular Program) and TRANSEO. The plant was based on a recuperated 80 kW Micro-Gas Turbine (Elliott TA-80R), which was integrated with the externally fired cycle at the ARI laboratory. The first goal of the plant construction was the demonstration of the EFmGT control system. The performance obtained in the field can be improved in the near future using high-temperature heat exchangers and apt external combustors, which should allow the system to operate at the actual Micro-Gas Turbine inlet temperature (900–950 °C). This paper presents the plant layout and the control system employed for regulating the MicroTurbine power and rotational speed. The experimental results obtained by the pilot plant in early 2004 are shown: the feasibility of such a plant configuration has been demonstrated, and the control system has successfully regulated the shaft speed in all the tests performed. Finally, the plant model in TRANSEO, which was formerly used to design the control system, is shown to accurately simulate the plant behaviour both at steady-state and transient conditions.
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Experimental Results and Transient Model Validation of an Externally Fired Micro Gas Turbine
Volume 5: Turbo Expo 2005, 2005Co-Authors: Alberto Traverso, Riccardo Scarpellini, Aristide F MassardoAbstract:This paper presents the performance of the world’s first Externally Fired Micro Gas Turbine (EFmGT) demonstration plant based on Micro Gas Turbine technology. The plant was designed by Ansaldo Ricerche (ARI) s.r.l. and the Thermochemical Power Group (TPG) of the Universita di Genova, using the in-house TPG codes TEMP (Thermoeconomic Modular Program) and TRANSEO. The plant was based on a recuperated 80 kW Micro Gas Turbine (Elliott TA-80R), which was integrated with the externally fired cycle at the ARI laboratory. The first goal of the plant construction was the demonstration of the EFmGT system at full and part-load operations, mainly from the control point of view. The performance obtained in the field can be improved in the near future using high-temperature heat exchangers and apt external combustors, which should allow the system to operate at the actual Micro Gas Turbine inlet temperature (900–950 °C). This paper presents the plant layout and the control system employed for regulating the MicroTurbine power and rotational speed. The experimental results obtained by the pilot plant in early 2004 are shown: the feasibility of such a plant configuration has been demonstrated, and the control system has successfully regulated the shaft speed in all the tests performed. Finally, the plant model in TRANSEO, which was formerly used to design the control system, is shown to accurately simulate the plant behavior both at steady-state and transient conditions.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
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Demonstration Plant and Expected Performance of an Externally Fired Micro Gas Turbine for Distributed Power Generation
Volume 3: Turbo Expo 2003, 2003Co-Authors: Alberto Traverso, Riccardo Scarpellini, Loredana Magistri, Aristide F MassardoAbstract:The paper presents the design and development of the first world-wide Externally Fired Micro Gas Turbine (EFmGT) demonstration plant based on Micro Gas Turbine technology. The system is particularly useful for exploitation of renewable resources for distributed power and heat generation. The plant has been designed by Ansaldo Ricerche (ARI) s.r.l. and Thermochemical Power Group (TPG) of University of Genoa using TPG in house codes such as TEMP (Thermoeconomic Modular Program) and TRANSEO (TRANSient analysis of energy systems). The plant is based on a recuperated 80 kW Micro Gas Turbine (Elliott TA-80R), and it is under construction at ARI laboratory. The first goal of this plant is the demonstration of the EFmGT system at full and part load operations, mainly from the control point of view. The expected performance (50kW at 16% LHV efficiency) can be improved in the near future using high temperature heat exchangers (a field where ARI has a very long expertise), which should allow the system to operate at the actual Micro Gas Turbine inlet temperature (900–950 °C). In the present paper the design point, off design performance, and part load control system are presented and analysed in depth: it is shown that there are no “forbidden” part load steady state operating points. In a companion paper, where transients of advanced cycles based on mGT technology are discussed, TPG presents the fast and slow transient operation of the EFmGT system.Copyright © 2003 by ASME
Yiwu Weng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of Lower Heat Value Fuel on the Operations of Micro-Gas Turbine
Energy and Power Engineering, 2020Co-Authors: Yiwu WengAbstract:The characteristics of fuel from biomass, coal and some waste materials are lower heat value and different compositions. The lower heat value fuel (LHVF) can be used on power engine such as boiler, Gas engine and Gas Turbine. Some laboratory and pilot work have been done, but the work done on Micro-Gas Turbine is still limited. The characteristics of LHVF can cause the operations change of Micro-Gas Turbine designed for nature Gas. Some possible adjustment and modification methods were mentioned for the use of LHVF on Micro-Gas Turbine. One kind of representative LHVF was chosen and the operations of Micro-Gas Turbine were analyzed. The temperature field and the non-uniformity scale of temperature distribution of combustor were calculated using FLUENT. The feasibility of different adjustment and modification methods were analyzed according to the efficiency, output power and the non-uniformity scale of temperature distribution
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Performance analysis of a pressurized molten carbonate fuel cell/Micro-Gas Turbine hybrid system
Journal of Power Sources, 2010Co-Authors: Aiguo Liu, Yiwu WengAbstract:This paper presents the work on the design and part-load operations of a hybrid power system composed of a pressurized molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) and a Micro-Gas Turbine (MGT). The Gas Turbine is an existing one and the MCFC is assumed to be newly designed for the hybrid system. Firstly, the MCFC power and total system power are determined based on the existing Micro-Gas Turbine according to the appropriate MCFC operating temperature. The characteristics of hybrid system on design point are shown. And then different control methods are applied to the hybrid system for the part-load operation. The effect of different control methods is analyzed and compared in order to find the optimal control strategy for the system. The results show that the performance of hybrid system during part-load operation varies significantly with different control methods. The system has the best efficiency when using variable rotational speed control for the part-load operation. At this time both the Turbine inlet temperature and cell operating temperature are close to the design value, but the compressor would cross the surge line when the shaft speed is less than 70% of the design shaft speed. For the Gas Turbine it is difficult to obtain the original power due to the higher pressure loss between compressor and Turbine. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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performance analysis of a pressurized molten carbonate fuel cell Micro Gas Turbine hybrid system
Journal of Power Sources, 2010Co-Authors: Yiwu WengAbstract:This paper presents the work on the design and part-load operations of a hybrid power system composed of a pressurized molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) and a Micro-Gas Turbine (MGT). The Gas Turbine is an existing one and the MCFC is assumed to be newly designed for the hybrid system. Firstly, the MCFC power and total system power are determined based on the existing Micro-Gas Turbine according to the appropriate MCFC operating temperature. The characteristics of hybrid system on design point are shown. And then different control methods are applied to the hybrid system for the part-load operation. The effect of different control methods is analyzed and compared in order to find the optimal control strategy for the system. The results show that the performance of hybrid system during part-load operation varies significantly with different control methods. The system has the best efficiency when using variable rotational speed control for the part-load operation. At this time both the Turbine inlet temperature and cell operating temperature are close to the design value, but the compressor would cross the surge line when the shaft speed is less than 70% of the design shaft speed. For the Gas Turbine it is difficult to obtain the original power due to the higher pressure loss between compressor and Turbine.
Manfred Aigner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Performance analysis of the Micro Gas Turbine Turbec T100 with a new
2020Co-Authors: Timo Zornek, Thomas Monz, Manfred AignerAbstract:This paper presents the rst combustion system, which has been designed for the use of biomass derived product Gases in Micro Gas Turbines. The operating performance of the combustion system and of the Micro Gas Turbine Turbec T100 was analyzed experimentally with synthetically mixed fuel compositions. Reliable start-up procedures and steady-state operation were observed. The Turbec T100 reached an electrical power output of 50 to 100 kWel with a lower heating value of 5.0 MJ/kg. Compared to natural Gas, the electrical power output was noticeably higher at constant Turbine speeds. Therefore, operation was limited by the power electronic at low speeds, while a second limitation was compressor surging at high speeds. To avoid surging, the Turbine outlet temperature had to be reduced at Turbine speeds between 64,400 rpm and its maximum of 70,000 rpm. The pressure losses across the FLOX-combustion chamber remained below 4%, which corresponds to a reduction of 30% compared to the Turbec combustion chamber red with natural Gas. Low pollutant emissions, i.e. CO< 30 ppm, NOx< 6 ppm and unburnt hydrocarbons < 1 ppm, were obtained over the whole operating range. Further optimization potential of the Turbec T100 was analyzed numerically. Neglecting compressor surging and the limitations of the power electronic, the numerical simulations predicted a maximum power output of 137 kWel. The ability of the Micro Gas Turbine to run with low caloric fuels is demonstrated and optimization potential is specied.
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A Test Rig for the Experimental Investigation of a MGT/SOFC Hybrid Power Plant Based on a 3kWel Micro Gas Turbine
E3S Web of Conferences, 2019Co-Authors: Martina Hohloch, Anna Marcellan, Thomas Krummrein, Melanie Herbst, Timo Lingstädt, Manfred AignerAbstract:A hybrid power plant consisting of a Micro Gas Turbine (MGT) and a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a promising technology to reach the demands for future power plants. DLR aims to set up a MGT/SOFC hybrid power plant demonstrator based on a 3 kWel MTT EnerTwin Micro Gas Turbine and an SOFC module with an electrical power output of 30 kWel from Sunfire. For the detailed investigation of the subsystems under hybrid conditions two separate test rigs are set up, one in which the MGT is connected to an emulator of the SOFC and vice versa. The paper introduces the set-up and the functionalities of the MGT based test rig. The special features are highlighted and the possibilities of the cyber physical system for emulation of a hybrid system are explained.
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experimental characterization of a Micro Gas Turbine test rig
Volume 3: Controls Diagnostics and Instrumentation; Cycle Innovations; Marine, 2010Co-Authors: Martina Hohloch, Jan Zanger, Axel Widenhorn, Manfred AignerAbstract:For the development of efficient and fuel flexible decentralized power plant concepts a test rig based on the Turbec T100 Micro Gas Turbine is operated at the DLR Institute of Combustion Technology. This paper reports the characterization of the transient operating performance of the Micro Gas Turbine by selected transient maneuvers like start-up, load change and shut-down. The transient maneuvers can be affected by specifying either the electrical power output or the Turbine speed. The impact of the two different operation strategies on the behavior of the engine is explained. At selected stationary load points the performance of the Gas Turbine components is characterized by using the measured thermodynamic and fluid dynamic quantities. In addition the impact of different Turbine outlet temperatures on the performance of the Gas Turbine is worked out. The resulting data set can be used for validation of numerical simulation and as a base for further investigations on Micro Gas Turbines.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
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OH* Chemiluminescence and OH-PLIF Measurements in a Micro Gas Turbine Combustor
Volume 2: Combustion Fuels and Emissions Parts A and B, 2010Co-Authors: Martina Hohloch, Axel Widenhorn, Rajesh Sadanandan, Wolfgang Meier, Manfred AignerAbstract:In this work the combustion behavior of the Turbec T100 natural Gas/air combustor was analyzed experimentally. For the visualization of the flame structures at various stationary load points OH* chemiluminescence and OH-PLIF measurements were performed in a Micro Gas Turbine test rig equipped with an optically accessible combustion chamber. The OH* chemiluminescence measurements are used to get an impression of the shape and the location of the heat release zones. In addition the OH-PLIF measurements enabled spatially and temporarily resolved information of the reaction zones. Depending on the load point the shape of the flame was seen to vary from cylindrical to conical. With increasing thermal power load the maximum heat release zones shift to a lifted flame. Moreover, the effect of the optically accessible combustion chamber on the performance of the Micro Gas Turbine is evaluated.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
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experimental investigations of pressure losses on the performance of a Micro Gas Turbine system
Volume 3: Controls Diagnostics and Instrumentation; Cycle Innovations; Marine, 2010Co-Authors: Jan Zanger, Axel Widenhorn, Manfred AignerAbstract:Pressure losses between compressor outlet and Turbine inlet are a major issue of overall efficiency and system stability for a SOFC/MGT hybrid power plant system. The goal of this work is the detailed analysis of the effects of additional pressure losses on MGT performance in terms of steady-state and transient conditions. The experiments were performed at the Micro Gas Turbine test rig at the German Aerospace Centre in Stuttgart using a butterfly control valve to apply additional pressure loss. The paper reports electric power and pressure characteristics at steady-state conditions, as well as, a new surge limit, which was found for the Turbec T100 Micro Gas Turbine. Furthermore, the effects of additional pressure loss on compressor surge margin are quantified and a linear relation between relative surge margin and additional pressure loss is shown. For transient variation of pressure loss at constant Turbine speed time delays are presented and a compensation issue of the commercial Gas Turbine controller is discussed. Finally, bleed-air blow-off and reduction of Turbine outlet temperature are introduced as methods of increasing surge margin. It is quantified that both methods have a substantial effect on compressor surge margin. Furthermore, a comparison between both methods is given in terms of electric power output.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
Riccardo Scarpellini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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externally fired Micro Gas Turbine modelling and experimental performance
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2006Co-Authors: Alberto Traverso, Aristide F Massardo, Riccardo ScarpelliniAbstract:Abstract This work presents the steady-state and transient performance obtained by an Externally Fired Micro-Gas Turbine (EFmGT) demonstration plant. The plant was designed by Ansaldo Ricerche (ARI) s.r.l. and the Thermochemical Power Group (TPG) of the Universita di Genova, using the in-house TPG codes TEMP (Thermoeconomic Modular Program) and TRANSEO. The plant was based on a recuperated 80 kW Micro-Gas Turbine (Elliott TA-80R), which was integrated with the externally fired cycle at the ARI laboratory. The first goal of the plant construction was the demonstration of the EFmGT control system. The performance obtained in the field can be improved in the near future using high-temperature heat exchangers and apt external combustors, which should allow the system to operate at the actual Micro-Gas Turbine inlet temperature (900–950 °C). This paper presents the plant layout and the control system employed for regulating the MicroTurbine power and rotational speed. The experimental results obtained by the pilot plant in early 2004 are shown: the feasibility of such a plant configuration has been demonstrated, and the control system has successfully regulated the shaft speed in all the tests performed. Finally, the plant model in TRANSEO, which was formerly used to design the control system, is shown to accurately simulate the plant behaviour both at steady-state and transient conditions.
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Experimental Results and Transient Model Validation of an Externally Fired Micro Gas Turbine
Volume 5: Turbo Expo 2005, 2005Co-Authors: Alberto Traverso, Riccardo Scarpellini, Aristide F MassardoAbstract:This paper presents the performance of the world’s first Externally Fired Micro Gas Turbine (EFmGT) demonstration plant based on Micro Gas Turbine technology. The plant was designed by Ansaldo Ricerche (ARI) s.r.l. and the Thermochemical Power Group (TPG) of the Universita di Genova, using the in-house TPG codes TEMP (Thermoeconomic Modular Program) and TRANSEO. The plant was based on a recuperated 80 kW Micro Gas Turbine (Elliott TA-80R), which was integrated with the externally fired cycle at the ARI laboratory. The first goal of the plant construction was the demonstration of the EFmGT system at full and part-load operations, mainly from the control point of view. The performance obtained in the field can be improved in the near future using high-temperature heat exchangers and apt external combustors, which should allow the system to operate at the actual Micro Gas Turbine inlet temperature (900–950 °C). This paper presents the plant layout and the control system employed for regulating the MicroTurbine power and rotational speed. The experimental results obtained by the pilot plant in early 2004 are shown: the feasibility of such a plant configuration has been demonstrated, and the control system has successfully regulated the shaft speed in all the tests performed. Finally, the plant model in TRANSEO, which was formerly used to design the control system, is shown to accurately simulate the plant behavior both at steady-state and transient conditions.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
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Demonstration Plant and Expected Performance of an Externally Fired Micro Gas Turbine for Distributed Power Generation
Volume 3: Turbo Expo 2003, 2003Co-Authors: Alberto Traverso, Riccardo Scarpellini, Loredana Magistri, Aristide F MassardoAbstract:The paper presents the design and development of the first world-wide Externally Fired Micro Gas Turbine (EFmGT) demonstration plant based on Micro Gas Turbine technology. The system is particularly useful for exploitation of renewable resources for distributed power and heat generation. The plant has been designed by Ansaldo Ricerche (ARI) s.r.l. and Thermochemical Power Group (TPG) of University of Genoa using TPG in house codes such as TEMP (Thermoeconomic Modular Program) and TRANSEO (TRANSient analysis of energy systems). The plant is based on a recuperated 80 kW Micro Gas Turbine (Elliott TA-80R), and it is under construction at ARI laboratory. The first goal of this plant is the demonstration of the EFmGT system at full and part load operations, mainly from the control point of view. The expected performance (50kW at 16% LHV efficiency) can be improved in the near future using high temperature heat exchangers (a field where ARI has a very long expertise), which should allow the system to operate at the actual Micro Gas Turbine inlet temperature (900–950 °C). In the present paper the design point, off design performance, and part load control system are presented and analysed in depth: it is shown that there are no “forbidden” part load steady state operating points. In a companion paper, where transients of advanced cycles based on mGT technology are discussed, TPG presents the fast and slow transient operation of the EFmGT system.Copyright © 2003 by ASME