The Experts below are selected from a list of 10422 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kwokhan Chan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bacterial colonization of epidural catheters used for short term postoperative analgesia Microbiological Examination and risk factor analysis
Anesthesiology, 2008Co-Authors: Huibih Yuan, Zhiyi Zuo, Wanmay Lin, Huichen Lee, Kwokhan ChanAbstract:Background: The authors conducted this prospective study to determine the incidence, potential routes, and risk factors of microbial colonization of epidural catheter used for postoperative pain control. Methods: Two-hundred five patients with epidural analgesia for postoperative pain were studied. On removal of the catheter, five samples were sent for culture: the infusate, a swab from inside the hub of the epidural catheter connector, a swab from the skin around the catheter insertion site, the subcutaneous segment, and the tip of the catheter. Clinical data related to the catheter insertion, management, and general patient conditions were collected. Results: The positive culture rates for the subcutaneous and tip segments of the catheter were 10.5% and 12.2%, respectively. The most common organism in the culture was coagulase-negative staphylococcus. There was a strong linear relationship between bacterial colonization in the skin around the catheter insertion site and growth from the subcutaneous and tip segments of catheter (P = 0.000). Catheter-related events at ward, blood transfusion, and positive culture from the skin at the insertion site were risk factors for bacterial colonization of epidural catheters. Inflammation at catheter insertion site, catheter indwelling time, and level of catheter insertion were not predicators for epidural catheter colonization. Conclusions: The authors' results suggest that bacterial migration along the epidural catheter track is the most common route of epidural catheter colonization. Maintaining sterile skin around the catheter insertion site will reduce colonization of the epidural catheter tip.
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bacterial colonization of epidural catheters used for short term postoperative analgesia Microbiological Examination and risk factor analysis
Anesthesiology, 2008Co-Authors: Huibih Yuan, Zhiyi Zuo, Wanmay Lin, Huichen Lee, Kwokhan ChanAbstract:Background: The authors conducted this prospective study to determine the incidence, potential routes, and risk factors of microbial colonization of epidural catheter used for postoperative pain control. Methods: Two-hundred five patients with epidural analgesia for postoperative pain were studied. On removal of the catheter, five samples were sent for culture: the infusate, a swab from inside the hub of the epidural catheter connector, a swab from the skin around the catheter insertion site, the subcutaneous segment, and the tip of the catheter. Clinical data related to the catheter insertion, management, and general patient conditions were collected. Results: The positive culture rates for the subcutaneous and tip segments of the catheter were 10.5% and 12.2%, respectively. The most common organism in the culture was coagulase-negative staphylococcus. There was a strong linear relationship between bacterial colonization in the skin around the catheter insertion site and growth from the subcutaneous and tip segments of catheter (P 0.000). Catheter-related events at ward, blood transfusion, and positive culture from the skin at the insertion site were risk factors for bacterial colonization of epidural catheters. Inflammation at catheter insertion site, catheter indwelling time, and level of catheter insertion were not predicators for epidural catheter colonization. Conclusions: The authors’ results suggest that bacterial migration along the epidural catheter track is the most common route of epidural catheter colonization. Maintaining sterile skin around the catheter insertion site will reduce colonization of the epidural catheter tip. EPIDURAL analgesia is an effective method for postoperative pain management. However, infection may occur after the procedure. Although the reported rates of epidural catheter-related infection are low, 1–3 some of these infections, such as epidural abscess, are serious and life-threatening without early diagnosis and treatment. 3–5
Ad J J C Bogers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Microbiological Examination of donated human cardiac tissue in heart valve banking
European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 2010Co-Authors: Jorge P Van Kats, Corina Van Tricht, Alice Van Dijk, Michel Van Der Schans, Antoon J Van Den Bogaerdt, Pieter L C Petit, Ad J J C BogersAbstract:Objective: Microbiological Examination of donated human cardiac tissue is a necessary procedure for Heart Valve Banks to determine the biological safety of preserved allografts. Test protocols must be validated to prevent false-negative outcomes that pose a risk of infection to recipients of the tissue. The Heart Valve Bank in Rotterdam evaluated a validated, alternative entry test for donated tissues to compare the performance of its standard Microbiological Examinations. Methods: Samples of explanted heart transport medium from 275 donors were examined for the presence of microorganisms using blood culture flasks (standard test) and fluid thioglycolate medium (alternative test). Results were compared with the outcome of Microbiological assessment of subvalvular myocardial fragments and the cryoprotective medium that were collected before and after treatment of the grafts with antibiotics, respectively. Results: Microorganisms, mainly skin flora, were detected in transport medium of 177 hearts (64%). The alternative validated culture method detected a growth in 80 transport medium samples that was not identified by the standard method. Microorganisms were only identified in the cultivated cardiac tissue fragments from 56 donors (20%). After antibiotic treatment of the tissue, microorganisms could still be encountered in cryoprotective medium samples from 55 donors (20%). Most of the contaminants in these final samples were identified as Propionibacterium species and Corynebacterium species and had already been detected in the transport medium by the alternative validated culture method. Conclusions: The use of blood culture flasks for Microbiological assessment of non-blood liquid media and the cultivation of myocardial tissue fragments may hamper detection of certain microorganisms and therefore provide less complete information about Microbiological safety. Heart Valve Banks may want to review their Microbiological Examination and decontamination procedures regarding the ability to detect and eliminate anaerobic skin flora, respectively.
Huibih Yuan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bacterial colonization of epidural catheters used for short term postoperative analgesia Microbiological Examination and risk factor analysis
Anesthesiology, 2008Co-Authors: Huibih Yuan, Zhiyi Zuo, Wanmay Lin, Huichen Lee, Kwokhan ChanAbstract:Background: The authors conducted this prospective study to determine the incidence, potential routes, and risk factors of microbial colonization of epidural catheter used for postoperative pain control. Methods: Two-hundred five patients with epidural analgesia for postoperative pain were studied. On removal of the catheter, five samples were sent for culture: the infusate, a swab from inside the hub of the epidural catheter connector, a swab from the skin around the catheter insertion site, the subcutaneous segment, and the tip of the catheter. Clinical data related to the catheter insertion, management, and general patient conditions were collected. Results: The positive culture rates for the subcutaneous and tip segments of the catheter were 10.5% and 12.2%, respectively. The most common organism in the culture was coagulase-negative staphylococcus. There was a strong linear relationship between bacterial colonization in the skin around the catheter insertion site and growth from the subcutaneous and tip segments of catheter (P = 0.000). Catheter-related events at ward, blood transfusion, and positive culture from the skin at the insertion site were risk factors for bacterial colonization of epidural catheters. Inflammation at catheter insertion site, catheter indwelling time, and level of catheter insertion were not predicators for epidural catheter colonization. Conclusions: The authors' results suggest that bacterial migration along the epidural catheter track is the most common route of epidural catheter colonization. Maintaining sterile skin around the catheter insertion site will reduce colonization of the epidural catheter tip.
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bacterial colonization of epidural catheters used for short term postoperative analgesia Microbiological Examination and risk factor analysis
Anesthesiology, 2008Co-Authors: Huibih Yuan, Zhiyi Zuo, Wanmay Lin, Huichen Lee, Kwokhan ChanAbstract:Background: The authors conducted this prospective study to determine the incidence, potential routes, and risk factors of microbial colonization of epidural catheter used for postoperative pain control. Methods: Two-hundred five patients with epidural analgesia for postoperative pain were studied. On removal of the catheter, five samples were sent for culture: the infusate, a swab from inside the hub of the epidural catheter connector, a swab from the skin around the catheter insertion site, the subcutaneous segment, and the tip of the catheter. Clinical data related to the catheter insertion, management, and general patient conditions were collected. Results: The positive culture rates for the subcutaneous and tip segments of the catheter were 10.5% and 12.2%, respectively. The most common organism in the culture was coagulase-negative staphylococcus. There was a strong linear relationship between bacterial colonization in the skin around the catheter insertion site and growth from the subcutaneous and tip segments of catheter (P 0.000). Catheter-related events at ward, blood transfusion, and positive culture from the skin at the insertion site were risk factors for bacterial colonization of epidural catheters. Inflammation at catheter insertion site, catheter indwelling time, and level of catheter insertion were not predicators for epidural catheter colonization. Conclusions: The authors’ results suggest that bacterial migration along the epidural catheter track is the most common route of epidural catheter colonization. Maintaining sterile skin around the catheter insertion site will reduce colonization of the epidural catheter tip. EPIDURAL analgesia is an effective method for postoperative pain management. However, infection may occur after the procedure. Although the reported rates of epidural catheter-related infection are low, 1–3 some of these infections, such as epidural abscess, are serious and life-threatening without early diagnosis and treatment. 3–5
P L Ruegg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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results of milk samples submitted for Microbiological Examination in wisconsin from 1994 to 2001
Journal of Dairy Science, 2003Co-Authors: J A Makovec, P L RueggAbstract:The objective of this study was to examine the characteristics of milk samples submitted for Microbiological Examination at the Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory between 1994 and 2001. Results (n = 83,650) of Microbiological testing of milk samples (n = 77,172) submitted to the Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory from January 1994 until June 2001 were analyzed. Submissions included milk samples obtained from cases of clinical and subclinical mastitis as well as samples obtained for mastitis surveillance programs. Results were recorded as no growth, contaminated, or identified as specific bacterial pathogens. Statistical analysis was performed to determine trends in the isolation of mastitis pathogens. The proportion of samples identified as contaminated decreased from 20.6 (1997) to 9.5% (2001). The proportion of samples coded as no growth increased from 22.6 (1994) to 49.7% (2001). Isolation of Staphylococcus aureus decreased from 17.7% (1994) of isolates to 9.7% (2001), while isolation of Streptococcus agalactiae decreased from 8.1 (1994) to 3.0% (2001). Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. were isolated from 12.7 to 17.5%, environmental Streptococcus spp. were isolated from 11.6 to 20.1%, and Escherichia coli were isolated from 3.1 to 6.7% of all isolates. No growth and contaminated samples comprised almost 50% of total submissions, and it is important that producers have proper expectations when submitting milk samples. The proportion of isolates identified as Staph. aureus and Strep. agalactiae decreased, suggesting the proportion of contagious bacteria causing mastitis has decreased. Environmental and contagious pathogens demonstrated characteristic differences by season.
Jorge P Van Kats - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Microbiological Examination of donated human cardiac tissue in heart valve banking
European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 2010Co-Authors: Jorge P Van Kats, Corina Van Tricht, Alice Van Dijk, Michel Van Der Schans, Antoon J Van Den Bogaerdt, Pieter L C Petit, Ad J J C BogersAbstract:Objective: Microbiological Examination of donated human cardiac tissue is a necessary procedure for Heart Valve Banks to determine the biological safety of preserved allografts. Test protocols must be validated to prevent false-negative outcomes that pose a risk of infection to recipients of the tissue. The Heart Valve Bank in Rotterdam evaluated a validated, alternative entry test for donated tissues to compare the performance of its standard Microbiological Examinations. Methods: Samples of explanted heart transport medium from 275 donors were examined for the presence of microorganisms using blood culture flasks (standard test) and fluid thioglycolate medium (alternative test). Results were compared with the outcome of Microbiological assessment of subvalvular myocardial fragments and the cryoprotective medium that were collected before and after treatment of the grafts with antibiotics, respectively. Results: Microorganisms, mainly skin flora, were detected in transport medium of 177 hearts (64%). The alternative validated culture method detected a growth in 80 transport medium samples that was not identified by the standard method. Microorganisms were only identified in the cultivated cardiac tissue fragments from 56 donors (20%). After antibiotic treatment of the tissue, microorganisms could still be encountered in cryoprotective medium samples from 55 donors (20%). Most of the contaminants in these final samples were identified as Propionibacterium species and Corynebacterium species and had already been detected in the transport medium by the alternative validated culture method. Conclusions: The use of blood culture flasks for Microbiological assessment of non-blood liquid media and the cultivation of myocardial tissue fragments may hamper detection of certain microorganisms and therefore provide less complete information about Microbiological safety. Heart Valve Banks may want to review their Microbiological Examination and decontamination procedures regarding the ability to detect and eliminate anaerobic skin flora, respectively.