The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Richard A Mathies - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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radial capillary array electrophoresis Microplate and scanner for high performance nucleic acid analysis
Analytical Chemistry, 1999Co-Authors: Yining Shi, Peter C Simpson, James R Scherer, David B Wexler, Christine F Skibola, Martyn T Smith, Richard A MathiesAbstract:The design, fabrication, and operation of a radial capillary array electrophoresis Microplate and scanner for high-throughput DNA analysis is presented. The Microplate consists of a central common anode reservoir coupled to 96 separate microfabricated separation channels connected to sample injectors on the perimeter of the 10-cm-diameter wafer. Detection is accomplished by a laser-excited rotary confocal scanner with four color detection channels. Loading of 96 samples in parallel is achieved using a pressurized capillary array system. High-quality separations of 96 pBR322 restriction digest samples are achieved in <120 s with the Microplate system. The practical utility and multicolor detection capability is demonstrated by analyzing 96 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) alleles in parallel using a noncovalent 2-color staining method. This work establishes the feasibility of performing high-throughput genotyping separations with capillary array electrophoresis Microplates.
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high throughput genetic analysis using microfabricated 96 sample capillary array electrophoresis Microplates
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1998Co-Authors: Peter C Simpson, Adam T. Woolley, David J Roach, Todd Thorsen, Rick Johnston, G F Sensabaugh, Richard A MathiesAbstract:Capillary array electrophoresis (CAE) Microplates that can analyze 96 samples in less than 8 min have been produced by bonding 10-cm-diameter micromachined glass wafers to form a glass sandwich structure. The Microplate has 96 sample wells and 48 separation channels with an injection unit that permits the serial analysis of two different samples on each capillary. An elastomer sheet with an 8 by 12 array of holes is placed on top of the glass sandwich structure to define the sample wells. Samples are addressed with an electrode array that makes up the third layer of the assembly. Detection of all lanes with high temporal resolution was achieved by using a laser-excited confocal fluorescence scanner. To demonstrate the functionality of these Microplates, electrophoretic separation and fluorescence detection of a restriction fragment marker for the diagnosis of hereditary hemochromatosis were performed. CAE Microplates will facilitate all types of high-throughput genetic analysis because their high assay speed provides a throughput that is 50 to 100 times greater than that of conventional slab gels.
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DNA ANALYSIS WITH CAPILLARY ARRAY ELECTROPHORESIS MicroplateS
Micro Total Analysis Systems ’98, 1998Co-Authors: Richard A Mathies, Peter C Simpson, Adam T. WoolleyAbstract:Microfabricated capillary array electrophoresis systems have been designed, built and tested that can analyze 12, 48 and 96 DNA samples on a single wafer or Microplate using individual, 2-fold multiplex and four-fold multiplex injectors. On these Microplates, the fragment sizing sample throughput is as fast as 1 sample/s.
M A Bradford - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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axisymmetric nonlinear free vibration of size dependent functionally graded annular Microplates
Composites Part B-engineering, 2013Co-Authors: Liaoliang Ke, Jie Yang, S Kitipornchai, M A Bradford, Yuesheng WangAbstract:In this paper, a non-classical Microplate model is developed for the axisymmetric nonlinear free vibration analysis of annular Microplates made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) based on the modified couple stress theory, Mindlin plate theory and von Karman geometric nonlinearity. This non-classical model is capable of incorporating the Microplate model with the length scale parameter, geometric nonlinearity, transverse shear deformation and rotary inertia. By using Hamilton's principle, the higher-order governing equations and boundary conditions for the problem are derived. The differential quadrature (DQ) method is employed to discretise the governing equations, which are then solved by a modified iterative method to obtain the nonlinear frequencies of FGM Microplates with different boundary conditions. Numerical results are then presented in both tabular and graphical form to investigate the effects of the length scale parameter, gradient index, inner-to-outer radius ratio and radius-to-thickness ratio on the nonlinear free vibration characteristics of FGM Microplates. It is found that unlike homogeneous Microplates, the FGM Microplates display different vibration behavior at positive and negative amplitudes due to the presence of bending-extension coupling.
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bending buckling and vibration of size dependent functionally graded annular Microplates
Composite Structures, 2012Co-Authors: Jie Yang, S Kitipornchai, M A BradfordAbstract:The bending, buckling and free vibration of annular Microplates made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) are investigated in this paper based on the modified couple stress theory and Mindlin plate theory. This Microplate model incorporates the material length scale parameter that can capture the size effect in FGMs. The material properties of the FGM Microplates are assumed to vary in the thickness direction and are estimated through the Mori-Tanaka homogenization technique. The higher-order governing equations and boundary conditions are derived by using Hamilton's principle. The differential quadrature (DQ) method is employed to discretize the governing equations and to determine the deflection, critical buckling load and natural frequencies of FGM Microplates. A parametric study is then conducted to investigate the influences of the length scale parameter, gradient index and inner-to-outer radius ratio on the bending, buckling and vibration characteristics of FGM Microplates with hinged-hinged and clamped-clamped supports. The results show that the size effect on the bending, buckling and vibration characteristics is significant when the ratio of the Microplate thickness to the material length scale parameter is smaller than 10.
Steven A. Hoffman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A comparison of silver ion to streptavidin coated Microplates.
Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2001Co-Authors: Matthew R. Bonen, Antonio A. Garcia, Steven A. HoffmanAbstract:Abstract Direct comparisons are made between covalently linked streptavidin and silver ion coated Microplates. Both coatings can immobilize biotinylated molecules. Silver ion coated Microplate wells can immobilize 1.8 times higher amounts of biotin labeled horseradish peroxidase. The quantitation range and capacity for the capture of horseradish peroxidase using biotin labeled horseradish peroxidase are also greater for silver ion coated Microplates. Approximately twice as many anti-horseradish peroxidase antibodies can be immobilized per well using silver ion coated Microplates. Higher capacities are presumed to be due to the smaller footprint of silver ions as compared to streptavidin. A direct comparison between the two coatings for a β-galactosidase ELISA showed that while the silver ion coated Microplates gave higher readings, the streptavidin coated Microplates exhibited smaller well-to-well variation. However, higher well to well variation for the silver Microplates is attributed to the high density of anti-β-galactosidase antibodies on the Microplates and the weak binding of clone GAL-13 to β-galactosidase, rather than the silver coating. These studies suggest silver ion coated Microplates are a desirable alternative to streptavidin plates for quantitative immunoassays.
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A comparison of silver ion to streptavidin coated Microplates.
Journal of microbiological methods, 2001Co-Authors: Matthew R. Bonen, Antonio A. Garcia, Steven A. HoffmanAbstract:Direct comparisons are made between covalently linked streptavidin and silver ion coated Microplates. Both coatings can immobilize biotinylated molecules. Silver ion coated Microplate wells can immobilize 1.8 times higher amounts of biotin labeled horseradish peroxidase. The quantitation range and capacity for the capture of horseradish peroxidase using biotin labeled horseradish peroxidase are also greater for silver ion coated Microplates. Approximately twice as many anti-horseradish peroxidase antibodies can be immobilized per well using silver ion coated Microplates. Higher capacities are presumed to be due to the smaller footprint of silver ions as compared to streptavidin. A direct comparison between the two coatings for a beta-galactosidase ELISA showed that while the silver ion coated Microplates gave higher readings, the streptavidin coated Microplates exhibited smaller well-to-well variation. However, higher well to well variation for the silver Microplates is attributed to the high density of anti-beta-galactosidase antibodies on the Microplates and the weak binding of clone GAL-13 to beta-galactosidase, rather than the silver coating. These studies suggest silver ion coated Microplates are a desirable alternative to streptavidin plates for quantitative immunoassays.
Kwok-yin Wong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Trityl-derivatized carbohydrates immobilized on a polystyrene Microplate.
Carbohydrate research, 2008Co-Authors: Lan Zou, Hei-leung Pang, Pak-ho Chan, Zhi-shu Huang, Kwok-yin WongAbstract:Abstract Carbohydrate biosensors, including carbohydrate arrays, are attracting increased attention for the comprehensive and high-throughput investigation of protein–carbohydrate interactions. Here, we describe an effective approach to fabricating a robust Microplate-based carbohydrate array capable of probing protein binding and screening for inhibitors in a high-throughout manner. This approach involves the derivatization of carbohydrates with a trityl group through an alkyl linker and the immobilization of the trityl-derivatized carbohydrates (mannose and maltose) onto Microplates noncovalently to construct carbohydrate arrays. The trityl carbohydrate derivative has very good immobilization efficiency for polystyrene Microplates and strong resistance to aqueous washing. The carbohydrate arrays can probe the interactions with the lectin Concanavalin A and screen this protein for the well-known inhibitors methyl α- d -mannopyranoside and methyl α- d -glucopyranoside in a high-throughput manner. The method described in this paper represents a convenient way of fabricating robust noncovalent carbohydrate arrays on Microplates and offers a convenient platform for high-throughput drug screening.
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Covalent immobilization of carbohydrates on sol–gel-coated Microplates
Analyst, 2008Co-Authors: Hei-leung Pang, Pak-ho Chan, Zhi-shu Huang, Lian-quan Gu, Kwok-yin WongAbstract:Carbohydrate microarrays have attracted increasing attention in recent years because of their ability to monitor biologically important protein–carbohydrate interactions in a high-throughput manner. Here we have developed an effective approach to immobilizing intact carbohydrates directly on polystyrene microtiter plates coated with amine-functionalized sol–gel monolayers. Lectin binding was monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy using these covalent arrays of carbohydrates that contained six mono- and di-saccharides on the Microplates. In addition, binding affinities of lectin to carbohydrates were also quantitatively analyzed by determining IC50 values of lectin-specific antibody with these arrays. Our results indicate that Microplate-based carbohydrate arrays can be efficiently fabricated by covalent immobilization of intact carbohydrates on sol–gel-coated Microplates. The Microplate-based carbohydrate arrays can be applied for screening of protein–carbohydrate interactions in a high-throughput manner.
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Covalent immobilization of carbohydrates on sol-gel-coated Microplates.
The Analyst, 2008Co-Authors: Lan Zou, Hei-leung Pang, Pak-ho Chan, Zhi-shu Huang, Kwok-yin WongAbstract:Carbohydrate microarrays have attracted increasing attention in recent years because of their ability to monitor biologically important protein–carbohydrate interactions in a high-throughput manner. Here we have developed an effective approach to immobilizing intact carbohydrates directly on polystyrene microtiter plates coated with amine-functionalized sol–gel monolayers. Lectin binding was monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy using these covalent arrays of carbohydrates that contained six mono- and di-saccharides on the Microplates. In addition, binding affinities of lectin to carbohydrates were also quantitatively analyzed by determining IC50 values of lectin-specific antibody with these arrays. Our results indicate that Microplate-based carbohydrate arrays can be efficiently fabricated by covalent immobilization of intact carbohydrates on sol–gel-coated Microplates. The Microplate-based carbohydrate arrays can be applied for screening of protein–carbohydrate interactions in a high-throughput manner.
Jie Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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axisymmetric nonlinear free vibration of size dependent functionally graded annular Microplates
Composites Part B-engineering, 2013Co-Authors: Liaoliang Ke, Jie Yang, S Kitipornchai, M A Bradford, Yuesheng WangAbstract:In this paper, a non-classical Microplate model is developed for the axisymmetric nonlinear free vibration analysis of annular Microplates made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) based on the modified couple stress theory, Mindlin plate theory and von Karman geometric nonlinearity. This non-classical model is capable of incorporating the Microplate model with the length scale parameter, geometric nonlinearity, transverse shear deformation and rotary inertia. By using Hamilton's principle, the higher-order governing equations and boundary conditions for the problem are derived. The differential quadrature (DQ) method is employed to discretise the governing equations, which are then solved by a modified iterative method to obtain the nonlinear frequencies of FGM Microplates with different boundary conditions. Numerical results are then presented in both tabular and graphical form to investigate the effects of the length scale parameter, gradient index, inner-to-outer radius ratio and radius-to-thickness ratio on the nonlinear free vibration characteristics of FGM Microplates. It is found that unlike homogeneous Microplates, the FGM Microplates display different vibration behavior at positive and negative amplitudes due to the presence of bending-extension coupling.
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bending buckling and vibration of size dependent functionally graded annular Microplates
Composite Structures, 2012Co-Authors: Jie Yang, S Kitipornchai, M A BradfordAbstract:The bending, buckling and free vibration of annular Microplates made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) are investigated in this paper based on the modified couple stress theory and Mindlin plate theory. This Microplate model incorporates the material length scale parameter that can capture the size effect in FGMs. The material properties of the FGM Microplates are assumed to vary in the thickness direction and are estimated through the Mori-Tanaka homogenization technique. The higher-order governing equations and boundary conditions are derived by using Hamilton's principle. The differential quadrature (DQ) method is employed to discretize the governing equations and to determine the deflection, critical buckling load and natural frequencies of FGM Microplates. A parametric study is then conducted to investigate the influences of the length scale parameter, gradient index and inner-to-outer radius ratio on the bending, buckling and vibration characteristics of FGM Microplates with hinged-hinged and clamped-clamped supports. The results show that the size effect on the bending, buckling and vibration characteristics is significant when the ratio of the Microplate thickness to the material length scale parameter is smaller than 10.