The Experts below are selected from a list of 297 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

H. Auer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Jens Jacob - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Population recovery of a common vole population (Microtus arvalis) after population collapse.
    Pest management science, 2018
    Co-Authors: Susanne Hein, Jens Jacob
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND Population collapses in small mammals occur naturally after natural disasters and during multi-annual population fluctuations as well as after man-made intervention such as rodent management action. Although there has been extensive previous work on patterns and mechanisms of population fluctuations and cyclicity, little is known about population recovery after collapse. In Europe, the common vole (Microtus arvalis) is the major pest species in agriculture, damaging crops, competing with livestock and potentially posing a health risk to people. In this study, we investigated population recovery, recovery mechanism and recovery time of common vole populations after artificially inducing a collapse through rodenticide application. RESULTS The rodenticide treatment reduced abundance in spring (by about 90%) but not in summer. Demographic data (age, sex-ratio, breeding activity) suggest that it was mostly immigration and not reproduction that led to population recovery after collapse. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that rodenticide treatment should be conducted in spring before the main reproductive season starts. The treatment effect was transient and lasted for about 3 months before immigration offset the initial reduction in population abundance. This indicates that immigration patterns should be considered by managing vole populations at an appropriate spatial scale and frequency to prevent rapid repopulation. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

  • Recovery of common vole populations ( Microtus arvalis ) after rodenticide application
    2013
    Co-Authors: Susanne Hein, Jens Jacob
    Abstract:

    The common vole ( Microtus arvalis ) is the most important vertebrate pest species in European agriculture because of its damage potential during outbreaks. Management usually relies on the use of rodenticides which is limited to one application a year. To base such management decisions on relevant and realistic data, extensive and detailed information about common vole ecology and behavior in different habitats and crops is vital. In the past, many studies have been conducted dealing with population development and population dynamics of common voles in different habitats and considering the effects of various landscape modifications. Although a great number of publications are dealing with this species, there is only little knowledge about population recovery after rodenticide application. In this project we will investigate recovery time, possible mechanisms of recovery and recolonisation of common vole populations after treatment with zinc phosphide using live trapping and hair tubes. One further objective deals with kinship analysis via PCR and microsatellite analysis using hair samples obtained in the field. Preliminary studies in enclosures indicated that hair tubes are frequented by voles only if placed on runways. However, using bait in the tubes attracts voles to the tubes even if they are placed away from runways. This suggests that hair tubes may provide a suitable and cheap alternative to live trapping for monitoring common voles.

  • Efficacy of methyl nonyl ketone as an in-soil repellent for common voles (Microtus arvalis).
    Pest management science, 2013
    Co-Authors: D. Fischer, Christian Imholt, A. Prokop, Jens Jacob
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: Common voles (Microtus arvalis) can cause enormous damage in agriculture. Tests were conducted using an alternative approach to rodenticide-based vole management by developing an in-soil odour repellent based on the secondary plant metabolite methyl nonyl ketone (MNK). Replicated 25 m2 plots were established in forage grassland to test efficacy and application schemes using a foam application that included MNK. RESULTS: MNK significantly reduced the number of reopened burrow entrances in all field trials compared with untreated control plots, with repeated application for 6 days reducing vole activity by up to 90%. The addition of black pepper oil (BPO) did not enhance the efficacy of the MNK foam. Voles tended to avoid burrows where MNK was applied and rather opened new burrows instead of reopening the treated burrow entrances. The foam application scheme led to a repellent effect that lasted for about 4–5 days. A single additional application of MNK after 4 days can extend the treatment effects for a further 2 days. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that MNK has the potential to repel common voles in the field. However, more studies are needed to enhance the duration of a one-off treatment effect to yield a user-friendly field application to manage vole populations. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry

  • Dispersal dynamics of common voles ( Microtus arvalis ) at field-refuge-boundaries
    2011
    Co-Authors: Angela Leukers, Jens Jacob
    Abstract:

    Common voles (Microtus arvalis) can disperse from refuges (e.g. field edges) to arable land and, at high abundances, cause significant losses in agriculture and forestry. To minimise damage it is useful to prevent voles from dispersing to the fields. To apply timely and spatially targeted management methods, sound knowledge about the distribution patterns of voles at field refuge boundaries is required. This study, funded by the German Federal Environmental Foundation (DBU), aims to investigate population dynamics and dispersal patterns of common voles as a basis for a sustainable vole management.

  • Efficacy and attractiveness of zinc phosphide bait in common voles (Microtus arvalis)
    Pest management science, 2009
    Co-Authors: Jens Jacob, Mechthild Budde, Angela Leukers
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: Minimising the concentration of active ingredient in rodenticide bait is desirable economically and for the protection of the agroecosystem. This study aimed to identify a zinc phosphide concentration that balances palatability and efficacy for common vole (Microtus arvalis Pall.) management and to compare the attractiveness of two bait carriers. RESULTS: Bait uptake of voles was reduced by 87–98% compared with plain bait when bait contained 0.4–3.2% zinc phosphide. There was an almost 50% decrease in the uptake of zinc phosphide when the zinc phosphide concentration of bait was doubled. Red dye used in commercially available bait decreased bait consumption by 10%. Daily consumption of zinc phosphide bait on days 2 to 5 was half the consumption on the first day of exposure. In bait choice tests, wheat kernels were preferred initially, but within 12 h similar amounts of wheat-based pellets and wheat kernels were eaten. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results from the laboratory trial, a zinc phosphide concentration of 2.1% seemed to balance uptake/efficacy best and may be most appropriate for the management of common vole populations. This concentration is substantially lower than the concentration used in many registered products. A reduced concentration of active ingredient and the use of pellet bait instead of wheat which is highly attractive for birds may have advantages for agroecosystem health when applying zinc phosphide for rodent control. © Jens Jacob, Mechthild Budde and Angela Leukers, employees of the Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Germany. Printed with permission.

Pavel M. Borodin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • An unusual heteromorphic bivalent in the common vole (Microtus arvalis) from Byelarus
    Genetika, 1993
    Co-Authors: Pavel M. Borodin, M. I. Rodionova, O. V. Sablina, Ivan P Gorlov
    Abstract:

    Electron microscopic analysis was carried out on the synaptonemal complexes of ten male common voles (Microtus arvalis) caught of 1990 in Byelorussia. In the early pachytene stage of spermatocytes of four males heteromorphic bivalent has been found in one of five large autosomes. In the central region of the bivalent one of the lateral elements is in the form of a D-loop, characteristic of insertion/deletion heterozygotes. However, high-resolution G-band staining of mitotic chromosomes from fibroblasts showed no significant differences in the G-band patterns between homologues.

  • Unusual heteromorphic bivalents in the common vole (Microtus arvalis) from Belorussia.
    Cytogenetics and cell genetics, 1992
    Co-Authors: Pavel M. Borodin, M. I. Rodionova, O. V. Sablina, Ivan P Gorlov
    Abstract:

    Electron microscopic analysis was carried out on the synaptonemal complexes of 10 male common voles (Microtus arvalis) caught in 1990 in Belorussia. In the early pachytene stage of spermatocytes of four males, a heteromorphic bivalent has been found in one of five large autosomes. In the central region of the bivalent one of the lateral elements is in the form of a D-loop, characteristic of insertion/deletion heterozygotes. However, high-resolution G-band staining of mitotic chromosomes from fibroblasts shows no significant differences in the G-band pattern between homologs.

  • A case of spontaneous trisomy in the spermatocytes of Microtus arvalis
    Mutation Research Letters, 1991
    Co-Authors: Pavel M. Borodin
    Abstract:

    A triple synaptomal complex was observed between 3 small-sized chromosomes in 4 spermatocytes closely connected by intercellular bridges, of the common vole (Microtus arvalis L.). Other spermatocytes from the same and from 2 other males had a normal chromosome complement and pairing patterns. This finding was interpreted as the result of a single act of non-disjunction taking place in a spermatogonium. These data suggest that chromosome non-disjunction in premeiotic germ cells can be considered one of the causes of aneuploidy in mammals.

R Schneider - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Pierre Delattre - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Is the prevalence of Taenia taeniaeformis in Microtus arvalis dependent on population density?
    The Journal of Parasitology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Elisabeth Fichet-calvet, Patrick Giraudoux, Jean-pierre Quéré, Richard William Ashford, Pierre Delattre
    Abstract:

    Populations of common voles Microtus arvalis were studied as hosts of the tapeworm Taenia taeniaeformis during a 14-yr survey. They were monitored in spring, summer, and autumn in a pastoral ecosystem in eastern France. A total of 7,574 voles were sampled during 2 multiannual population fluctuations. A third fluctuation was sampled during the increase phase only. Overall prevalence was lowest in summer (0.6%), increased by 3 times in autumn (1.5%) and a further 5 times in spring (7.8%). Analysis of prevalence, based on 7,384 voles, by multiple logistic regression revealed that extrinsic factors such as season and intrinsic factors such as host age and host density have a combined effect. In the longer term, host age and host density were positively associated with prevalence in summer. Host density was strongly associated with autumn prevalence. There was no association between the fluctuation phase and prevalence. The study shows that a long timescale (here a multiannual survey) is necessary to demonstrate the positive effect of host density on the prevalence of this indirectly transmitted parasite. The demonstration of this relationship depends on the rodents being intermediate rather than definitive hosts.

  • Effect of landscape structure on Common Vole ( Microtus arvalis ) distribution and abundance at several space scales
    Landscape Ecology, 1996
    Co-Authors: Pierre Delattre, Patrick Giraudoux, Jean-pierre Quéré, Jacques Baudry, E. Fichet
    Abstract:

    This paper aims to answer the following question: are the fluctuations of abundance of Common Vole (Microtus arvalis) specific to different types of landscapes? The research was carried out in landscapes where grassland was dominant. The sampling method was based upon a partition in both landscape types and landscape units. Tracking of vole indices was used to evaluate their relative abundance. Six landscape transects were sampled during two successive years. Results show that population variation and diffusion of demographic states are closely related to landscape types. The possible causes of this are discussed. The landscape units can be used as global variables to assess outbreak risk and landscape design can be used to prevent them.

  • Land use patterns and types of common vole (Microtus arvalis) population kinetics
    Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 1992
    Co-Authors: Pierre Delattre, Patrick Giraudoux, Jacques Baudry, Philippe Musard, Michel Toussaint, Denis Truchetet, Philippe Stahl, Marie Lazarine Poule, Marc Artois, Jean-pierre Damange
    Abstract:

    Abstract Various observed patterns of common vole ( Microtus arvalis ) population kinetics have been classified into five types according to two criteria: the time period of changes in abundance (season or year) and the presence or absence of local extinction. Some types may be subdivided into categories depending on the duration of population fluctuations. They can be ordinate along a gradient correlated to the importance of permanent grassland in farmland and we suggest that this correlation is mainly due to the fact that a major predator ( Mustela nivalis ) can use grassy landscape elements as refuges and easily disrupt population kinetics from low abundance and smooth variations to large amplitude cycles with pullulation periods. Thus major shifts in land use patterns towards a dominance of grassland can enhance the abundance of a pest species such as the common vole. Local extinctions and recolonization as observed in type IV are characteristics of metapopulation. Further field data of local vole populations will be very useful in the development of predictive models.