The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Y O Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mechanisms of Microwave Irradiation involved in the destruction of fecal coliforms from biosolids
Water Research, 2004Co-Authors: Seung M Hong, Jae K Park, Y O LeeAbstract:Microwaves have been found to be effective in destructing pathogens in sewage sludge (biosolids) (75th Annual Water Environment Federation Conference, Chicago, September 29-October 2, 2002; Third World Water Congress, International Water Association, Melbourne, Australia, April 7-12, 2002). Mechanisms and roles of Microwaves on fecal coliform destruction were investigated using bacterial viability tests, electron transport system (ETS) and beta-galactosidase activity assays, gel electrophoresis, and genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) optical density (OD) measurements with fecal coliforms isolated from biosolids. Bacterial viability tests demonstrated cell membrane damage as Microwave Irradiation intensity and temperature increased. Above 60+/-3 degrees C, viable cells were rarely found when pure fecal coliforms were irradiated with Microwaves. ETS and beta-galactosidase activity assays revealed increased activity for externally heated samples due to fecal coliform growth but decreased activity for Microwave-irradiated samples as temperature was increased from 20 degrees C to 57 degrees C, indicating other destruction mechanisms besides heating. Between 57 degrees C and 68 degrees C, Microwave Irradiation led to a more rapid decrease in activity than external heating by convection. Above 68 degrees C, bacterial activity almost ceased for both pretreatments. DNA bands in gel electrophoresis tests and OD of genomic DNA decreased more rapidly for Microwave-irradiated samples than for externally heated samples, implying that Microwaves disrupted DNA in fecal coliform cells at lower temperatures than external heating. Microwave Irradiation of sludge appears to be a viable and economical method of destructing pathogens and generating environmentally safe sludge.
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mechanisms of Microwave Irradiation involved in the destruction of fecal coliforms from biosolids
Water Research, 2004Co-Authors: Seung M Hong, Jae K Park, Y O LeeAbstract:Abstract Microwaves have been found to be effective in destructing pathogens in sewage sludge (biosolids) (75th Annual Water Environment Federation Conference, Chicago, September 29–October 2, 2002; Third World Water Congress, International Water Association, Melbourne, Australia, April 7–12, 2002). Mechanisms and roles of Microwaves on fecal coliform destruction were investigated using bacterial viability tests, electron transport system (ETS) and β-galactosidase activity assays, gel electrophoresis, and genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) optical density (OD) measurements with fecal coliforms isolated from biosolids. Bacterial viability tests demonstrated cell membrane damage as Microwave Irradiation intensity and temperature increased. Above 60±3°C, viable cells were rarely found when pure fecal coliforms were irradiated with Microwaves. ETS and β-galactosidase activity assays revealed increased activity for externally heated samples due to fecal coliform growth but decreased activity for Microwave-irradiated samples as temperature was increased from 20°C to 57°C, indicating other destruction mechanisms besides heating. Between 57°C and 68°C, Microwave Irradiation led to a more rapid decrease in activity than external heating by convection. Above 68°C, bacterial activity almost ceased for both pretreatments. DNA bands in gel electrophoresis tests and OD of genomic DNA decreased more rapidly for Microwave-irradiated samples than for externally heated samples, implying that Microwaves disrupted DNA in fecal coliform cells at lower temperatures than external heating. Microwave Irradiation of sludge appears to be a viable and economical method of destructing pathogens and generating environmentally safe sludge.
Yuji Wada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nanohybrid polymer prepared by successive polymerization of methacrylate monomer containing silver nanoparticles in situ prepared under Microwave Irradiation
Polymer, 2007Co-Authors: Taishi Kobayashi, Hayahide Yamasaki, Noriaki Hasegawa, Yuji Wada, Takao Sakata, Hirotaro Mori, Yasunori TsukaharaAbstract:The well-dispersed silver nanoparticles were prepared in reactive methacrylate monomers under Microwave Irradiation without polymerization. In contrast to conventional heating, the synthesis of Ag nanoparticles proceeded uniformly throughout the reaction vessel only under Microwave Irradiation, reaching the completion of the reaction simultaneously in the whole reaction solution. Successive polymerization of the monomer containing the resulting nanoparticles has successfully produced a monohybrid of the silver nanoparticles dispersed in polymer matrix.
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large scale and size controlled synthesis of silver nanoparticles under Microwave Irradiation
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2004Co-Authors: Hengbo Yin, Yuji Wada, Tetsushi Yamamoto, Shozo YanagidaAbstract:Abstract Large-scale and size-controlled silver nanoparticles can be rapidly prepared under Microwave Irradiation from an aqueous solution of silver nitrate and trisodium citrate in the presence of formaldehyde as a reductant. The size and size distribution of the resulting silver nanoparticles prepared under Microwave Irradiation are strongly dependent on the states of silver cations in the initial reaction solution. The formation of silver citrate in the initial reaction solution allows for yielding silver nanoparticles with a small size.
Seung M Hong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mechanisms of Microwave Irradiation involved in the destruction of fecal coliforms from biosolids
Water Research, 2004Co-Authors: Seung M Hong, Jae K Park, Y O LeeAbstract:Microwaves have been found to be effective in destructing pathogens in sewage sludge (biosolids) (75th Annual Water Environment Federation Conference, Chicago, September 29-October 2, 2002; Third World Water Congress, International Water Association, Melbourne, Australia, April 7-12, 2002). Mechanisms and roles of Microwaves on fecal coliform destruction were investigated using bacterial viability tests, electron transport system (ETS) and beta-galactosidase activity assays, gel electrophoresis, and genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) optical density (OD) measurements with fecal coliforms isolated from biosolids. Bacterial viability tests demonstrated cell membrane damage as Microwave Irradiation intensity and temperature increased. Above 60+/-3 degrees C, viable cells were rarely found when pure fecal coliforms were irradiated with Microwaves. ETS and beta-galactosidase activity assays revealed increased activity for externally heated samples due to fecal coliform growth but decreased activity for Microwave-irradiated samples as temperature was increased from 20 degrees C to 57 degrees C, indicating other destruction mechanisms besides heating. Between 57 degrees C and 68 degrees C, Microwave Irradiation led to a more rapid decrease in activity than external heating by convection. Above 68 degrees C, bacterial activity almost ceased for both pretreatments. DNA bands in gel electrophoresis tests and OD of genomic DNA decreased more rapidly for Microwave-irradiated samples than for externally heated samples, implying that Microwaves disrupted DNA in fecal coliform cells at lower temperatures than external heating. Microwave Irradiation of sludge appears to be a viable and economical method of destructing pathogens and generating environmentally safe sludge.
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mechanisms of Microwave Irradiation involved in the destruction of fecal coliforms from biosolids
Water Research, 2004Co-Authors: Seung M Hong, Jae K Park, Y O LeeAbstract:Abstract Microwaves have been found to be effective in destructing pathogens in sewage sludge (biosolids) (75th Annual Water Environment Federation Conference, Chicago, September 29–October 2, 2002; Third World Water Congress, International Water Association, Melbourne, Australia, April 7–12, 2002). Mechanisms and roles of Microwaves on fecal coliform destruction were investigated using bacterial viability tests, electron transport system (ETS) and β-galactosidase activity assays, gel electrophoresis, and genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) optical density (OD) measurements with fecal coliforms isolated from biosolids. Bacterial viability tests demonstrated cell membrane damage as Microwave Irradiation intensity and temperature increased. Above 60±3°C, viable cells were rarely found when pure fecal coliforms were irradiated with Microwaves. ETS and β-galactosidase activity assays revealed increased activity for externally heated samples due to fecal coliform growth but decreased activity for Microwave-irradiated samples as temperature was increased from 20°C to 57°C, indicating other destruction mechanisms besides heating. Between 57°C and 68°C, Microwave Irradiation led to a more rapid decrease in activity than external heating by convection. Above 68°C, bacterial activity almost ceased for both pretreatments. DNA bands in gel electrophoresis tests and OD of genomic DNA decreased more rapidly for Microwave-irradiated samples than for externally heated samples, implying that Microwaves disrupted DNA in fecal coliform cells at lower temperatures than external heating. Microwave Irradiation of sludge appears to be a viable and economical method of destructing pathogens and generating environmentally safe sludge.
Shinya Toyokuni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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intermittent Microwave Irradiation facilitates antigen antibody reaction in western blot analysis
Methods of Molecular Biology, 2009Co-Authors: Yuting Liu, Shinya ToyokuniAbstract:We established a shortened protocol for western blot analysis using intermittent Microwave Irradiation. With this method, the procedure is completed within 1 h after applying the primary antibody, and thus greatly saves time. This procedure appears to be applicable to any antibody based on our experience of several years.
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intermittent Microwave Irradiation facilitates antigen antibody reaction in western blot analysis
Pathology International, 2003Co-Authors: Shinya Toyokuni, Waka Kawaguchi, Shinya Akatsuka, Makoto Hiroyasu, Hiroshi HiaiAbstract:In the March 2002 issue of Pathology International , Li et al . presented the first report describing the use of intermittent Microwave Irradiation in Western blot analysis. 1 We have independently developed a more rapid Western blot protocol that we would like to introduce here. Specific reaction between antigen and antibody can be visualized by various methods such as Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Microwave radiation, an energy wave with a frequency of approximately 1–300 GHz, has been used not only for radar, cooking procedures and radio communication but also for pathological methods in antigen retrieval from formaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens. 2,3 Recently, intermittent Microwave Irradiation was also applied to the fluorescent in situ hybridization technique. 4
Shozo Yanagida - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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large scale and size controlled synthesis of silver nanoparticles under Microwave Irradiation
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2004Co-Authors: Hengbo Yin, Yuji Wada, Tetsushi Yamamoto, Shozo YanagidaAbstract:Abstract Large-scale and size-controlled silver nanoparticles can be rapidly prepared under Microwave Irradiation from an aqueous solution of silver nitrate and trisodium citrate in the presence of formaldehyde as a reductant. The size and size distribution of the resulting silver nanoparticles prepared under Microwave Irradiation are strongly dependent on the states of silver cations in the initial reaction solution. The formation of silver citrate in the initial reaction solution allows for yielding silver nanoparticles with a small size.
