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Ankit Khandelwal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an undocumented variation involving auriculotemporal nerve inferior alveolar nerve and Middle Meningeal Artery
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Sunita Kalra, Swati Thamke, Ankit KhandelwalAbstract:Auriculotemporal nerve typically has two roots, encircling the Middle Meningeal Artery, one anterior to it and another posterior to it as well as maxillary Artery. The Middle Meningeal Artery is largest of the Meningeal arteries, ascends between the sphenomandibular ligament and lateral pterygoid muscle and traverses between the roots of the auriculotemporal nerve before entering the cranial cavity through the foramen spinosum. The knowledge of the neurovascular relationships of the infratemporal region is significant in surgical practice. We present a case of unusual communication between the auriculotemporal nerve and inferior alveolar nerve together with an extraordinary change in relations with the Middle Meningeal Artery. Some clinical implications that these relations may have on the development of the supplementary innervations and the surgical interventions in this region are discussed in this article.
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An undocumented variation involving auriculotemporal nerve, inferior alveolar nerve and Middle Meningeal Artery
Medip Academy, 2014Co-Authors: Sunita Kalra, Swati Thamke, Ankit KhandelwalAbstract:Auriculotemporal nerve typically has two roots, encircling the Middle Meningeal Artery, one anterior to it and another posterior to it as well as maxillary Artery. The Middle Meningeal Artery is largest of the Meningeal arteries, ascends between the sphenomandibular ligament and lateral pterygoid muscle and traverses between the roots of the auriculotemporal nerve before entering the cranial cavity through the foramen spinosum. The knowledge of the neurovascular relationships of the infratemporal region is significant in surgical practice. We present a case of unusual communication between the auriculotemporal nerve and inferior alveolar nerve together with an extraordinary change in relations with the Middle Meningeal Artery. Some clinical implications that these relations may have on the development of the supplementary innervations and the surgical interventions in this region are discussed in this article. [Int J Res Med Sci 2014; 2(4.000): 1720-1722
Lars Edvinsson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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expression and characterization of purinergic receptors in rat Middle Meningeal Artery potential role in migraine
PLOS ONE, 2014Co-Authors: Kristian Agmund Haanes, Lars EdvinssonAbstract:The dura mater and its vasculature have for decades been central in the hypothesis of migraine and headache pathophysiology. Although recent studies have questioned the role of the vasculature as the primary cause, dural vessel physiology is still relevant in understanding the complex pathophysiology of migraine. The aim of the present study was to isolate the Middle Meningeal Artery (MMA) from rodents and characterize their purinergic receptors using a sensitive wire myograph method and RT-PCR. The data presented herein suggest that blood flow through the MMA is, at least in part, regulated by purinergic receptors. P2X1 and P2Y6 receptors are the strongest contractile receptors and, surprisingly, ADPβS caused contraction most likely via P2Y1 or P2Y13 receptors, which is not observed in other arteries. Adenosine addition, however, caused relaxation of the MMA. The adenosine relaxation could be inhibited by SCH58261 (A2A receptor antagonist) and caffeine (adenosine receptor antagonist). This gives one putative molecular mechanism for the effect of caffeine, often used as an adjuvant remedy of cranial pain. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR expression data for the receptors correlate well with the functional findings. Together these observations could be used as targets for future understanding of the in vivo role of purinergic receptors in the MMA.
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central projections of the sensory innervation of the rat Middle Meningeal Artery
Brain Research, 2008Co-Authors: Yi Liu, Jonas Broman, Lars EdvinssonAbstract:Headaches, especially migraine, involve not only pain but also aspects such as vasodilation of cranial vessels and sensitization of nerve endings, processes dependent on and connected to the central nervous system. To understand pathogenic mechanisms of headache, it is important to elucidate the central projections of sensory nerves that innervate cranial vessels, of which the Middle Meningeal Artery (MMA) is the largest Artery supplying the dura mater. In this study, cholera toxin subunit b (CTb) or wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate (WGA-HRP) was applied on the adventitia of MMA. After perfusion fixation, the brainstem, the C1-C4 spinal segments and the trigeminal and C2 dorsal root ganglia were removed and sections from these tissues were processed to visualize transported tracers. Labeled cell bodies were seen ipsilaterally in the trigeminal and C2 dorsal root ganglia. Labeled nerve terminations were found ipsilaterally in the lateral part of the spinal dorsal horn of segments C1-C3 and in the caudal and interpolar parts of the spinal trigeminal nucleus. WGA-HRP labeled terminations were mainly located in laminae I and II, whereas CTb labeled terminations located in laminae III-V. These results indicate that sensory information from the MMA is transmitted through both trigeminal and cervical spinal nerve branches to a region in the central nervous system extending rostrally from the C3 dorsal horn to the interpolar part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus. Our data further substantiates that the sensory innervation of the MMA, in addition to putative nociceptive afferents, include a population of large caliber afferents with an as yet unclear but presumably non-nociceptive role.
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innervation of the human Middle Meningeal Artery immunohistochemistry ultrastructure and role of endothelium for vasomotility
Peptides, 1998Co-Authors: Lars Edvinsson, S Gulbenkian, C P Barroso, Julia M Polak, Anders Mortensen, Linda Jorgensen, Inger JansenolesenAbstract:The majority of nerve fibers in the Middle Meningeal Artery and branching arterioles are sympathetic, storing norepinephrine and neuropeptide Y (NPY). A sparse supply of fibers contain acetylcholinesterase activity and immunoreactivity toward vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), peptidine histidine methionine (PHM), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Only few substance P and neuropeptide K immunoreactive fibers are noted. Electronmicroscopy shows axons and terminals at the adventitial medial border of the human Middle Meningeal Artery, with a fairly large distance to the smooth muscle cells (>500 nM). Several axon profiles contain vesicles of different types, including putative sensory profiles. The perivascularly stored signal substances, norepinephrine and NPY induced vasoconstrictor. Relaxations were induced by acetylcholine and substance P, and these were significantly reduced in arteries without endothelium, while the responses to norepinephrine, NPY, VIP, PHM, and CGRP were not changed by endothelium removal. Blockade experiments showed that the vasomotor responses to norepinephrine were blocked by prazosin, to NPY by BIBP 3226, acetylcholine by atropin, substance P by RP 67580, and the human alpha-CGRP response by human alpha-CGRP(8-37).
Carlos M. Villalón - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of two isometheptene enantiomers in isolated human blood vessels and rat Middle Meningeal Artery potential antimigraine efficacy
Journal of Headache and Pain, 2019Co-Authors: Alejandro Labastidaramirez, Eloisa Rubiobeltran, Kristian Agmund Haanes, Rene De Vries, Ruben Dammers, Ad J.j.c. Bogers, Antoon J Van Den Bogaerdt, Bruce L. Daugherty, Alexander H. J. Danser, Carlos M. VillalónAbstract:Racemic isometheptene [(RS)-isometheptene] is an antimigraine drug that due to its cardiovascular side-effects was separated into its enantiomers, (R)- and (S)-isometheptene. This study set out to characterize the contribution of each enantiomer to its vasoactive profile. Moreover, rat neurogenic dural vasodilatation was used to explore their antimigraine mechanism of action. Human blood vessel segments (Middle Meningeal Artery, proximal and distal coronary arteries, and saphenous vein) were mounted in organ baths and concentration response curves to isometheptene were constructed. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-induced neurogenic dural vasodilation was elicited in the presence of the enantiomers using a rat closed cranial window model. The isometheptene enantiomers did not induce any significant contraction in human blood vessels, except in the Middle Meningeal Artery, when they were administered at the highest concentration (100 μM). Interestingly in rats, (S)-isometheptene induced more pronounced vasopressor responses than (R)-isometheptene. However, none of these compounds affected the CGRP-induced vasodilator responses. The isometheptene enantiomers displayed a relatively safe peripheral vascular profile, as they failed to constrict the human coronary Artery. These compounds do not appear to modulate neurogenic dural CGRP release, therefore, their antimigraine site of action remains to be determined.
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characterisation of cgrp receptors in the human isolated Middle Meningeal Artery
Life Sciences, 2006Co-Authors: Saurabh Gupta, Carlos M. Villalón, Suneet Mehrotra, C J J Avezaat, Pramod R Saxena, Antoinette MaassenvandenbrinkAbstract:Although the understanding of migraine pathophysiology is still incomplete, there seems to be little doubt that dilatation of cranial blood vessels, including Meningeal arteries, is involved in the headache phase of migraine. Since calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been implicated in this vasodilatation, the present study set out to compare the relaxant effects of the endogenous ligand h-alphaCGRP, and [ethylamide-Cys(2,7)]h-alphaCGRP ([Cys(Et)(2,7)]h-alphaCGRP), a CGRP(2) receptor agonist, on human isolated Middle Meningeal Artery segments, precontracted with KCl. Classical Schild plot analysis was used to characterise the receptor population in this Artery using BIBN4096BS and h-alphaCGRP(8-37) as antagonists. h-alphaCGRP relaxed arterial segments more potently than [Cys(Et)(2,7)]h-alphaCGRP (pEC(50): 8.51+/-0.16 and 7.48+/-0.24, respectively), while the maximal responses to these agonists were not significantly different. BIBN4096BS equipotently blocked the relaxations induced by both agonists with a pA(2) of approximately 10 and with a Schild plot slope not significantly different from unity. h-alphaCGRP(8-37) also antagonised the response to h-alphaCGRP with a pA(2) of 6.46+/-0.16 and a Schild plot slope not different from unity. Furthermore, the results obtained from RT-PCR studies confirmed the presence of all the essential components required for a functional CGRP(1) receptor in these arteries. Considering the high antagonist potency of BIBN4096BS, coupled to the lower agonist potency of [Cys (Et)(2,7)]h-alphaCGRP, it is reasonable to suggest a predominant role of CGRP(1) receptors in the human Middle Meningeal Artery. This view is reinforced by Schild plot analysis, which revealed a slope of unity in all experiments, giving further evidence for a homogeneous CGRP receptor population in this vascular preparation.
Kristian Agmund Haanes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of two isometheptene enantiomers in isolated human blood vessels and rat Middle Meningeal Artery potential antimigraine efficacy
Journal of Headache and Pain, 2019Co-Authors: Alejandro Labastidaramirez, Eloisa Rubiobeltran, Kristian Agmund Haanes, Rene De Vries, Ruben Dammers, Ad J.j.c. Bogers, Antoon J Van Den Bogaerdt, Bruce L. Daugherty, Alexander H. J. Danser, Carlos M. VillalónAbstract:Racemic isometheptene [(RS)-isometheptene] is an antimigraine drug that due to its cardiovascular side-effects was separated into its enantiomers, (R)- and (S)-isometheptene. This study set out to characterize the contribution of each enantiomer to its vasoactive profile. Moreover, rat neurogenic dural vasodilatation was used to explore their antimigraine mechanism of action. Human blood vessel segments (Middle Meningeal Artery, proximal and distal coronary arteries, and saphenous vein) were mounted in organ baths and concentration response curves to isometheptene were constructed. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-induced neurogenic dural vasodilation was elicited in the presence of the enantiomers using a rat closed cranial window model. The isometheptene enantiomers did not induce any significant contraction in human blood vessels, except in the Middle Meningeal Artery, when they were administered at the highest concentration (100 μM). Interestingly in rats, (S)-isometheptene induced more pronounced vasopressor responses than (R)-isometheptene. However, none of these compounds affected the CGRP-induced vasodilator responses. The isometheptene enantiomers displayed a relatively safe peripheral vascular profile, as they failed to constrict the human coronary Artery. These compounds do not appear to modulate neurogenic dural CGRP release, therefore, their antimigraine site of action remains to be determined.
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Effects of two isometheptene enantiomers in isolated human blood vessels and rat Middle Meningeal Artery - potential antimigraine efficacy
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2019Co-Authors: Labastida-ramirez A., Kristian Agmund Haanes, Rene De Vries, Rubio-beltrán A.e., Dammers R., Bogers A.j.j.c., Van Den Bogaerdt A., Daugherty B.l., Danser A.h.j., Villalon C.m.Abstract:Background: Racemic isometheptene [(RS)-isometheptene] is an antimigraine drug that due to its cardiovascular side-effects was separated into its enantiomers, (R)- and (S)-isometheptene. This study set out to characterize the contribution of each enantiomer to its vasoactive profile. Moreover, rat neurogenic dural vasodilatation was used to explore their antimigraine mechanism of action. Methods: Human blood vessel segments (Middle Meningeal Artery, proximal and distal coronary arteries, and saphenous vein) were mounted in organ baths and concentration response curves to isometheptene were constructed. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-induced neurogenic dural vasodilation was elicited in the presence of the enantiomers using a rat closed cranial window model. Results: The isometheptene enantiomers did not induce any significant contraction in human blood vessels, except in the Middle Meningeal Artery, when they were administered at the highest concentration (100 μM). Interestingly in rats, (S)-isometheptene induced more pronounced vasopressor responses than (R)-isometheptene. However, none of these compounds affected the CGRP-induced vasodilator responses. Conclusion: The isometheptene enantiomers displayed a relatively safe per
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expression and characterization of purinergic receptors in rat Middle Meningeal Artery potential role in migraine
PLOS ONE, 2014Co-Authors: Kristian Agmund Haanes, Lars EdvinssonAbstract:The dura mater and its vasculature have for decades been central in the hypothesis of migraine and headache pathophysiology. Although recent studies have questioned the role of the vasculature as the primary cause, dural vessel physiology is still relevant in understanding the complex pathophysiology of migraine. The aim of the present study was to isolate the Middle Meningeal Artery (MMA) from rodents and characterize their purinergic receptors using a sensitive wire myograph method and RT-PCR. The data presented herein suggest that blood flow through the MMA is, at least in part, regulated by purinergic receptors. P2X1 and P2Y6 receptors are the strongest contractile receptors and, surprisingly, ADPβS caused contraction most likely via P2Y1 or P2Y13 receptors, which is not observed in other arteries. Adenosine addition, however, caused relaxation of the MMA. The adenosine relaxation could be inhibited by SCH58261 (A2A receptor antagonist) and caffeine (adenosine receptor antagonist). This gives one putative molecular mechanism for the effect of caffeine, often used as an adjuvant remedy of cranial pain. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR expression data for the receptors correlate well with the functional findings. Together these observations could be used as targets for future understanding of the in vivo role of purinergic receptors in the MMA.
P Egbohou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Middle Meningeal Artery aneurysm case report
Surgical Neurology International, 2017Co-Authors: E Kpelao, K A Beketi, K M H Ahanogbe, A K Moumouni, A K Doleagbenou, K Egu, B Ntimon, M Tchaou, P EgbohouAbstract:Background Aneurysms of Meningeal Middle Artery (MMA) are extremely rare. These aneurysms are of two types: true aneurysm and pseudoaneurysm. The true type is usually seen with pathologic conditions. Pseudoaneurysms, on the other hand, are associated with a skull fracture. Epilepsy caused by MMA aneurysm has never been described to our knowledge. We report a case of true aneurysm isolated from MMA revealed by epilepsy. Case description A 57-year-old patient with a history of high blood pressure developed epilepsy which was treated by valproic acid. Initial scalp electroencephalography (EEG) showed seizure activity arising from the right temporal area. Epilepsy had become drug-resistant. Cerebral angiography revealed an aneurysm of the right Middle Meningeal Artery without any other intraparenchymal anomaly. The interrogation did not reveal any history of family aneurysm. The patient underwent surgery with coagulation of the aneurysm and the MMA. The aneurysm was intradural in contact with the temporal cortex, and the surrounding brain tissues were preserved. The operative follow-up was favorable with amelioration of convulsions with a single antiepileptic. We planned to stop antiepileptic treatment according to electroencephalograms. Conclusions Aneurysms of the MMA are rare. Their mode of revelation by seizures is unusual. The factors of rupture are not known. When isolated, their physiopathology is identical to that of the aneurysms of the Willis polygon. Their management uses the same techniques as for other cerebral aneurysms.