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Peter P Marra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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seasonal survival estimation for a long distance Migratory Bird and the influence of winter precipitation
Oecologia, 2017Co-Authors: Sarah M Rockwell, David N Ewert, Scott T Sillett, Joseph M Wunderle, Carol I Bocetti, Dave Currie, Jennifer D White, Peter P MarraAbstract:Conservation of Migratory animals requires information about seasonal survival rates. Identifying factors that limit populations, and the portions of the annual cycle in which they occur, are critical for recognizing and reducing potential threats. However, such data are lacking for virtually all Migratory taxa. We investigated patterns and environmental correlates of annual, oversummer, overwinter, and Migratory survival for adult male Kirtland’s warblers (Setophaga kirtlandii), an endangered, long-distance Migratory songBird. We used Cormack–Jolly–Seber models to analyze two mark–recapture datasets: 2006–2011 on Michigan breeding grounds, and 2003–2010 on Bahamian wintering grounds. The mean annual survival probability was 0.58 ± 0.12 SE. Monthly survival probabilities during the summer and winter stationary periods were relatively high (0.963 ± 0.005 SE and 0.977 ± 0.002 SE, respectively). Monthly survival probability during Migratory periods was substantially lower (0.879 ± 0.05 SE), accounting for ~44% of all annual mortality. March rainfall in the Bahamas was the best-supported predictor of annual survival probability and was positively correlated with apparent annual survival in the subsequent year, suggesting that the effects of winter precipitation carried over to influence survival probability of individuals in later seasons. Projection modeling revealed that a decrease in Bahamas March rainfall >12.4% from its current mean could result in negative population growth in this species. Collectively, our results suggest that increased drought during the non-breeding season, which is predicted to occur under multiple climate change scenarios, could have important consequences on the annual survival and population growth rate of Kirtland’s warbler and other Neotropical–Nearctic Migratory Bird species.
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Winter habitat quality but not long-distance dispersal influences apparent reproductive success in a Migratory Bird.
Ecology, 2015Co-Authors: Clark S. Rushing, Peter P Marra, Michele R. DudashAbstract:Long-distance breeding and natal dispersal play central roles in many ecological and evolutionary processes, including gene flow, population dynamics, range expansion, and individual responses to fluctuating biotic and abiotic conditions. However, the relative contribution of long-distance dispersal to these processes depends on the ability of dispersing individuals to successfully reproduce in their new environment. Unfortunately, due to the difficulties associated with tracking dispersal in the field, relatively little is known about its reproductive consequences. Furthermore, because reproductive success is influenced by a variety of processes, disentangling the influence of each of these processes is critical to understanding the direct consequences of dispersal. In this study, we used stable hydrogen and carbon isotopes to estimate long-distance dispersal and winter territory quality in a Migratory Bird, the American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla). We then applied Aster life-history models to quantify the strength of influence of these factors on apparent reproductive success. We found no evidence that male or female reproductive success was lower for long-distance dispersers relative to non-dispersing individuals. In contrast, carry-over effects from the winter season did influence male, but not female, reproductive success. Use of Aster models further revealed that for adult males, winter territory quality influenced the number of offspring produced whereas for yearling males, high-quality winter territories were associated with higher mating and nesting success. These results suggest that although long-distance natal and breeding dispersal carry no immediate reproductive cost for American Redstarts, reproductive success in this species may ultimately be limited by the quality of winter habitat.
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experimental reduction of winter food decreases body condition and delays migration in a long distance Migratory Bird
Ecology, 2015Co-Authors: Thomas W. Sherry, Nathan W. Cooper, Peter P MarraAbstract:Many tropical habitats experience pronounced dry seasons, during which arthropod food availability declines, potentially limiting resident and Migratory animal populations. In response to declines in food, individuals may attempt to alter their space use to enhance access to food resources, but may be socially constrained from doing so by con- and heterospecifics. If social constraints exist, food declines should result in decreased body condition. In Migratory Birds, correlational evidence suggests a link between body condition and migration timing. Poor body condition and delayed migration may, in turn, impact fitness in subsequent seasons via carry-over effects. To determine if winter food availability affects space use, inter- and intraspecific competition, body composition (i.e., mass, fat, and pectoral muscle), and migration timing, we experimentally decreased food availability on individual American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla) territories in high-quality mangrove habitat. Redstarts on control territories experienced -40% loss of food due to the seasonal nature of the environment. Redstarts on experimental territories experienced -80% declines in food, which closely mimicked natural declines in nearby, low-quality, scrub habitat. Individuals on food-reduced territories did not expand their territories locally, but instead either became non-territorial "floaters" or remained on territory. Regardless of territorial status, food-reduced American Redstarts all deposited fat compared to control Birds. Fat deposits provide insurance against the risk of starvation, but, for American Redstarts, came at the expense of maintaining pectoral muscle. Subsequently, food-reduced American Redstarts experienced, on average, a one-week delay in departure on spring migration, likely due to the loss of pectoral muscle. Thus, our results demonstrate experimentally, for the first time, that declines in winter food availability can result in a fat-muscle trade-off, which, in turn, delays departure on spring migration. Previous work has demonstrated that, for each day delayed after the first male arrival on the breeding grounds, American Redstarts experience an 11% decrease in the chance of successfully reproducing. Therefore, such delays in departure likely lead to fitness costs for Migratory Birds. Because tropical seasonal forests are expected to become drier in response to global climate change, Neotropical Migratory Bird populations may experience significant winter food limitation, further exacerbating population declines in the coming decades.
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Experimental reduction of winter food decreases body condition and delays migration in a long‐distance Migratory Bird
Ecology, 2015Co-Authors: Nathan W. Cooper, Thomas W. Sherry, Peter P MarraAbstract:Many tropical habitats experience pronounced dry seasons, during which arthropod food availability declines, potentially limiting resident and Migratory animal populations. In response to declines in food, individuals may attempt to alter their space use to enhance access to food resources, but may be socially constrained from doing so by con- and heterospecifics. If social constraints exist, food declines should result in decreased body condition. In Migratory Birds, correlational evidence suggests a link between body condition and migration timing. Poor body condition and delayed migration may, in turn, impact fitness in subsequent seasons via carry-over effects. To determine if winter food availability affects space use, inter- and intraspecific competition, body composition (i.e., mass, fat, and pectoral muscle), and migration timing, we experimentally decreased food availability on individual American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla) territories in high-quality mangrove habitat. Redstarts on control territories experienced -40% loss of food due to the seasonal nature of the environment. Redstarts on experimental territories experienced -80% declines in food, which closely mimicked natural declines in nearby, low-quality, scrub habitat. Individuals on food-reduced territories did not expand their territories locally, but instead either became non-territorial "floaters" or remained on territory. Regardless of territorial status, food-reduced American Redstarts all deposited fat compared to control Birds. Fat deposits provide insurance against the risk of starvation, but, for American Redstarts, came at the expense of maintaining pectoral muscle. Subsequently, food-reduced American Redstarts experienced, on average, a one-week delay in departure on spring migration, likely due to the loss of pectoral muscle. Thus, our results demonstrate experimentally, for the first time, that declines in winter food availability can result in a fat-muscle trade-off, which, in turn, delays departure on spring migration. Previous work has demonstrated that, for each day delayed after the first male arrival on the breeding grounds, American Redstarts experience an 11% decrease in the chance of successfully reproducing. Therefore, such delays in departure likely lead to fitness costs for Migratory Birds. Because tropical seasonal forests are expected to become drier in response to global climate change, Neotropical Migratory Bird populations may experience significant winter food limitation, further exacerbating population declines in the coming decades.
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phenological matching across hemispheres in a long distance Migratory Bird
Diversity and Distributions, 2013Co-Authors: Rosalind B Renfrew, James W Fox, Daniel Kim, Noah G Perlut, Joseph M Smith, Peter P MarraAbstract:Aim In the Northern Hemisphere, Bird migration from the tropic to the temperate zone in spring is thought to proceed at a rate determined in large part by local phenology. In contrast, little is understood about where Birds go or the factors that determine why they move or where they stop during the post-breeding period. Location Study sites were in Oregon, Nebraska and Vermont, and location data we collected extend south to Argentina. Methods We deployed light-level geolocators on individual Bobolinks from three populations across the breeding range and compare their southbound movement phenology to austral greening as indicated by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. Results Bobolinks from all breeding populations synchronously arrived and remained for up to several weeks in two sequential, small non-breeding areas that were separated by thousands of kilometres, before staging for pre-alternate moult. Similar to the migration patterns of Birds to northern breeding areas, movements into the Southern Hemisphere corresponded to increasing primary productivity. Main conclusions Our findings suggest that the Bobolink's southbound migration is broadly constrained by resource availability, and its non-breeding distribution has been shaped by the seasonal phenology of grasslands in both time and space. This is the first documentation of individual Birds from across a continental breeding range exhibiting phenological matching during their post-breeding southward migration. Known conservation threats overlap temporally and spatially with large concentrations of Bobolinks, and should be closely examined. We emphasize the need to consider how individuals move and interact with their environment throughout their annual cycle and over hemispheric scales.
Adela Petrzelkova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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temporal stability and the effect of transgenerational transfer on fecal microbiota structure in a long distance Migratory Bird
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Jakub Kreisinger, Lucie Kropackova, Adela Petrzelkova, Oldrich Tomasek, Tomas Albrecht, Marie Kotasova Adamkova, Jeanfrancois Martin, Romana MichalkovaAbstract:Animal bodies are inhabited by a taxonomically and functionally diverse community of symbiotic and commensal microorganisms. From an ecological and evolutionary perspective, inter-individual variation in host-associated microbiota contributes to physiological and immune system variation. As such, host-associated microbiota may be considered an integral part of the host’s phenotype, serving as a substrate for natural selection. This assumes that host-associated microbiota exhibits high temporal stability, however, and that its composition is shaped by trans-generational transfer or heritable host-associated microbiota modulators encoded by the host genome. Although this concept is widely accepted, its crucial assumptions have rarely been tested in wild vertebrate populations. We performed 16S rRNA metabarcoding on an extensive set of faecal microbiota samples from an insectivorous, long-distance Migratory Bird, the barn swallow (Hirundo rustica). Our data revealed clear differences in faecal microbiota among juveniles and adults as regards taxonomic and functional composition, diversity and co-occurrence network complexity. Multiple faecal microbiota samples from the same juvenile or adult collected within single breeding seasons exhibited higher similarity than expected by chance, as did adult faecal microbiota samples over two consecutive years. Despite low effect sizes for faecal microbiota stability over time at the community level, we identified an adult faecal microbiota subset with relative abundances exhibiting significant temporal consistency, possibly inducing long-term effects on the host phenotype. Our data also indicate a slight maternal (but not paternal) effect on faecal microbiota composition in social offspring, though this is unlikely to persist into adulthood. We discuss our findings in the context of both evolution and ecology of microbiota vs. host interactions and barn swallow biology.
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Temporal Stability and the Effect of Transgenerational Transfer on Fecal Microbiota Structure in a Long Distance Migratory Bird
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Lucie Kropackova, Adela Petrzelkova, Oldrich Tomasek, Tomas Albrecht, Clarissa Schwab, Eth Zurich, Carlotta Switzerland, Jakub KreisingerAbstract:Animal bodies are inhabited by a taxonomically and functionally diverse community of symbiotic and commensal microorganisms. From an ecological and evolutionary perspective, inter-individual variation in host-associated microbiota contributes to physiological and immune system variation. As such, host-associated microbiota may be considered an integral part of the hosts phenotype, serving as a substrate for natural selection. This assumes that host-associated microbiota exhibits high temporal stability, however, and that its composition is shaped by trans-generational transfer or heritable host-associated microbiota modulators encoded by the host genome. Although this concept is widely accepted, its crucial assumptions have rarely been tested in wild vertebrate populations. We performed 16S rRNA metabarcoding on an extensive set of fecal microbiota (FM) samples from an insectivorous, long-distance Migratory Bird, the barn swallow (Hirundo rustica). Our data revealed clear differences in FM among juveniles and adults as regards taxonomic and functional composition, diversity and co-occurrence network complexity. Multiple FM samples from the same juvenile or adult collected within single breeding seasons exhibited higher similarity than expected by chance, as did adult FM samples over two consecutive years. Despite low effect sizes for FM stability over time at the community level, we identified an adult FM subset with relative abundances exhibiting significant temporal consistency, possibly inducing long-term effects on the host phenotype. Our data also indicate a slight maternal (but not paternal) effect on FM composition in social offspring, though this is unlikely to persist into adulthood. We discuss our findings in the context of both evolution and ecology of microbiota vs. host interactions and barn swallow biology.
Tomas Albrecht - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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temporal stability and the effect of transgenerational transfer on fecal microbiota structure in a long distance Migratory Bird
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Jakub Kreisinger, Lucie Kropackova, Adela Petrzelkova, Oldrich Tomasek, Tomas Albrecht, Marie Kotasova Adamkova, Jeanfrancois Martin, Romana MichalkovaAbstract:Animal bodies are inhabited by a taxonomically and functionally diverse community of symbiotic and commensal microorganisms. From an ecological and evolutionary perspective, inter-individual variation in host-associated microbiota contributes to physiological and immune system variation. As such, host-associated microbiota may be considered an integral part of the host’s phenotype, serving as a substrate for natural selection. This assumes that host-associated microbiota exhibits high temporal stability, however, and that its composition is shaped by trans-generational transfer or heritable host-associated microbiota modulators encoded by the host genome. Although this concept is widely accepted, its crucial assumptions have rarely been tested in wild vertebrate populations. We performed 16S rRNA metabarcoding on an extensive set of faecal microbiota samples from an insectivorous, long-distance Migratory Bird, the barn swallow (Hirundo rustica). Our data revealed clear differences in faecal microbiota among juveniles and adults as regards taxonomic and functional composition, diversity and co-occurrence network complexity. Multiple faecal microbiota samples from the same juvenile or adult collected within single breeding seasons exhibited higher similarity than expected by chance, as did adult faecal microbiota samples over two consecutive years. Despite low effect sizes for faecal microbiota stability over time at the community level, we identified an adult faecal microbiota subset with relative abundances exhibiting significant temporal consistency, possibly inducing long-term effects on the host phenotype. Our data also indicate a slight maternal (but not paternal) effect on faecal microbiota composition in social offspring, though this is unlikely to persist into adulthood. We discuss our findings in the context of both evolution and ecology of microbiota vs. host interactions and barn swallow biology.
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Temporal Stability and the Effect of Transgenerational Transfer on Fecal Microbiota Structure in a Long Distance Migratory Bird
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Lucie Kropackova, Adela Petrzelkova, Oldrich Tomasek, Tomas Albrecht, Clarissa Schwab, Eth Zurich, Carlotta Switzerland, Jakub KreisingerAbstract:Animal bodies are inhabited by a taxonomically and functionally diverse community of symbiotic and commensal microorganisms. From an ecological and evolutionary perspective, inter-individual variation in host-associated microbiota contributes to physiological and immune system variation. As such, host-associated microbiota may be considered an integral part of the hosts phenotype, serving as a substrate for natural selection. This assumes that host-associated microbiota exhibits high temporal stability, however, and that its composition is shaped by trans-generational transfer or heritable host-associated microbiota modulators encoded by the host genome. Although this concept is widely accepted, its crucial assumptions have rarely been tested in wild vertebrate populations. We performed 16S rRNA metabarcoding on an extensive set of fecal microbiota (FM) samples from an insectivorous, long-distance Migratory Bird, the barn swallow (Hirundo rustica). Our data revealed clear differences in FM among juveniles and adults as regards taxonomic and functional composition, diversity and co-occurrence network complexity. Multiple FM samples from the same juvenile or adult collected within single breeding seasons exhibited higher similarity than expected by chance, as did adult FM samples over two consecutive years. Despite low effect sizes for FM stability over time at the community level, we identified an adult FM subset with relative abundances exhibiting significant temporal consistency, possibly inducing long-term effects on the host phenotype. Our data also indicate a slight maternal (but not paternal) effect on FM composition in social offspring, though this is unlikely to persist into adulthood. We discuss our findings in the context of both evolution and ecology of microbiota vs. host interactions and barn swallow biology.
Tómas G. Gunnarsson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Corrigendum: Very rapid long-distance sea crossing by a Migratory Bird.
Scientific reports, 2017Co-Authors: José A. Alves, Maria P. Dias, Verónica Méndez, Borgný Katrínardóttir, Tómas G. GunnarssonAbstract:Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 38154 ; published online: 30 November 2016; updated: 28 April 2017 The original version of this Article contained an error. The authors reported the maximum flight speed of Whimbrels (Numenius phaeopus) as the fastest recorded for shoreBirds flying over the ocean, but this was not the case.
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seasonal matching of habitat quality and fitness in a Migratory Bird
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2005Co-Authors: Tómas G. Gunnarsson, Jennifer A Gill, Jason Newton, Peter M Potts, William J SutherlandAbstract:When species occupy habitats that vary in quality, choice of habitat can be critical in determining individual fitness. In most Migratory species, juveniles migrate independently of their parents and must therefore choose both breeding and winter habitats. Using a unique dataset of marked black-tailed godwits (Limosa limosa islandica) tracked throughout their Migratory range, combined with analyses of stable carbon isotope ratios, we show that those individuals that occupy higher quality breeding sites also use higher quality winter sites. This seasonal matching can severely inflate inequalities in individual fitness. This population has expanded over the last century into poorer quality breeding and winter habitats and, across the whole population; individual Birds tend to occupy either novel or traditional sites in both seasons. Winter and breeding season habitat selection are thus strongly linked throughout this population; these links have profound implications for a wide range of population and evolutionary processes. As adult godwits are highly philopatric, the initial choice of winter habitat by juveniles will be critical in determining future survival, timing of migration and breeding success.
Jesko Partecke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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animal tracking meets migration genomics transcriptomic analysis of a partially Migratory Bird species
Molecular Ecology, 2017Co-Authors: Paolo Franchini, Iker Irisarri, Adam M Fudickar, Andreas Schmidt, Axel Meyer, Martin Wikelski, Jesko ParteckeAbstract:Seasonal migration is a widespread phenomenon, which is found in many different lineages of animals. This spectacular behaviour allows animals to avoid seasonally adverse environmental conditions to exploit more favourable habitats. Migration has been intensively studied in Birds, which display astonishing variation in migration strategies, thus providing a powerful system for studying the ecological and evolutionary processes that shape Migratory behaviour. Despite intensive research, the genetic basis of migration remains largely unknown. Here we used state-of-the-art radio-tracking technology to characterize the Migratory behaviour of a partially Migratory population of European blackBirds (Turdus merula) in southern Germany. We compared gene expression of resident and migrant individuals using high-throughput transcriptomics in blood samples. Analyses of sequence variation revealed a non-significant genetic structure between blackBirds differing by their Migratory phenotype. We detected only four differentially expressed genes between migrants and residents, which might be associated with hyperphagia, moulting, and enhanced DNA replication and transcription. The most pronounced changes in gene expression occurred between Migratory Birds depending on when, in relation to their date of departure, blood was collected. Overall, the differentially expressed genes detected in this analysis may play crucial roles in determining the decision to migrate, or in controlling the physiological processes required for the onset of migration. These results provide new insights into, and testable hypotheses for, the molecular mechanisms controlling the Migratory phenotype and its underlying physiological mechanisms in blackBirds and other Migratory Bird species. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.