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Jian Kong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • treating depression with tai chi state of the art and future perspectives
    Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2019
    Co-Authors: Jian Kong, Kaycie Pereira, Courtney Walpole, Joel Park, Georgia Wilson, Albert Yeung
    Abstract:

    Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent mental illnesses in America. Current treatments for MDD are unsatisfactory given high non-response rates, high relapse rates, and undesirable side effects. Accumulating evidence suggests that Tai Chi, a popular Mind-Body intervention that originated as a martial art, can significantly regulate emotion and relieve the symptoms of mood disorders. In this article, we first examine a number of clinical trials that implemented Tai Chi as a treatment for depression. Then, we explore several mechanisms by which Tai Chi may alleviate depressive symptoms, hypothesizing that the intervention may modulate the activity and connectivity of key brain regions involved in mood regulation, reduce neuro-inflammatory sensitization, modulate the autonomic nervous system, and regulate hippocampal neurogenesis. Finally, we discuss common challenges of the intervention and possible ways to address them. Specifically, we pose developing a simplified and tailored Tai Chi protocol for patients with depression, comparatively investigating Tai Chi with other Mind-Body Interventions such as yoga and Baduanjin, and developing new Mind-Body Interventions that merge the advantages of multiple Mind-Body exercises.

  • altered resting state functional connectivity of the cognitive control network in fibromyalgia and the modulation effect of mind body intervention
    Brain Imaging and Behavior, 2019
    Co-Authors: Jian Kong, Emily Wolcott, Zengjian Wang, Kristen Jorgenson, William F Harvey, Jing Tao, Ramel Rones, Chenchen Wang
    Abstract:

    This study examines altered resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the cognitive control network (CCN) in fibromyalgia patients as compared to healthy controls, as well as how an effective Mind-Body intervention, Tai Chi, can modulate the altered rsFC of the CCN. Patients with fibromyalgia and matched healthy subjects were recruited in this study. Fibromyalgia patients were scanned 12 weeks before and after intervention. The bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was used as a seed to explore the rsFC of the CCN. Data analysis was conducted with 21 patients and 20 healthy subjects. Compared to healthy subjects, fibromyalgia patients exhibited increased rsFC between the DLPFC and the bilateral rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) at baseline. The rsFC between the CCN and rACC/MPFC further increased after Tai Chi intervention, and this increase was accompanied by clinical improvements. This rsFC change was also significantly associated with corresponding changes in the Overall Impact domain of the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR). Further analysis showed that the rACC/MPFC rsFC with both the PAG and hippocampus significantly decreased following Tai Chi intervention. Our study suggests that fibromyalgia is associated with altered CCN rsFC and that effective Mind-Body treatment may elicit clinical improvements by further increasing this altered rsFC. Elucidating this mechanism of enhancing the allostasis process will deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying Mind-Body Interventions in fibromyalgia patients and facilitate the development of new pain management methods.

  • different modulation effects of tai chi chuan and baduanjin on resting state functional connectivity of the default mode network in older adults
    Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 2019
    Co-Authors: Jia Huang, Joel Park, Georgia Wilson, Ming Li, Mingge Yang, Courtney Lang, Yiheng Tu, Lidian Chen, Jian Kong
    Abstract:

    The default mode network (DMN) plays an important role in age-related cognitive decline. This study aims to explore the modulation effect of two mind–body Interventions (Tai Chi Chuan and Baduanjin) on DMN in elderly individuals. Participants between 50 and 70 years old were recruited and randomized into a Tai Chi Chuan, Baduanjin or control group. The Wechsler Memory Scale-Chinese Revision and resting-state fMRI scans were administered at baseline and following 12 weeks of exercise. Seed-based resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) was calculated. We found that (i) compared to the Baduanjin group, Tai Chi Chuan was significantly associated with increased rsFC between the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and right putamen/caudate and (ii) compared to the control group, Tai Chi Chuan increased posterior cingulate cortex rsFC with the right putamen/caudate, while Baduanjin decreased rsFC between the mPFC and orbital prefrontal gyrus/putamen. Baseline mPFC rsFC with orbital prefrontal gyrus was negatively correlated with visual reproduction subscore. These results suggest that both Tai Chi Chuan and Baduanjin can modulate the DMN, but through different pathways. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying different mind–body Interventions may shed light on the development of new methods to prevent age-related diseases as well as other disorders associated with disrupted DMN.

Mia T. Minen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • behavioral therapies and mind body Interventions for posttraumatic headache and post concussive symptoms a systematic review
    Headache, 2019
    Co-Authors: Mia T. Minen, Sarah Jinich, Gladys Vallespir Ellett
    Abstract:

    Background There are no clear guidelines on how to treat posttraumatic headache (PTH) or post-concussive symptoms (PCS). However, behavioral Interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy, biofeedback, and relaxation are Level-A evidence-based treatments for headache prevention. To understand how to develop and study further Mind-Body Interventions (MBIs) and behavioral therapies for PTH and PCS, we developed the following question using the PICO framework: Are behavioral therapies and MBIs effective for treating PTH and PCS? Methods We conducted a systematic search of 3 databases (Medline, PsycINFO, and EMBASE) for behavioral Interventions and MBIs with the subject headings and keywords for PTH, concussion, and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Inclusion criteria were (1) randomized controlled trials, (2) the majority of the intervention had to be behavioral or Mind-Body therapy focused, (3) the majority of the participants (>50%) had to have had a mild TBI (not a moderate or severe TBI), (4) published in a peer-reviewed publication, and (5) meeting pre-specified primary and/or secondary outcomes. Primary outcome(s): whether there was a significant change in concussion symptom severity (yes/no) based on the symptom severity checklist/scale used, whether there was a 50% reduction in headache days and/or disability; secondary outcome(s): sleep variables, cognitive complaints, depression, and anxiety. The search identified 917 individual studies. Two independent reviewers screened citations and full-text articles independently. Nineteen articles were pulled for full article review. Seven articles met the final inclusion criteria. The systematic review was registered in Prospero (CRD42017070072). Results Overall, there was vast heterogeneity across the studies, making it difficult to fully assess efficacy. The heterogeneity ranged from differences in patient populations, the timing of when the Interventions were initiated, the types of intervention implemented, and the measures used to assess outcomes. Seven studies were identified as meeting final inclusion criteria, resulting in a total of 1108 adult participants ranging from 18 to 80. Sixty-nine percent were male. Of the 7 studies, 3 were focused on military staff (retired and active). Time post-injury for inclusion into the studies varied from 48 hours post-injury to more than 2 years post-injury. One of the 7 studies did not include time post-TBI in the inclusion criteria. Two studies recruited patients who had visited their emergency departments, 4 of the studies recruited subjects through outpatient referrals, and 1 study recruited patients who had been in a prior traffic accident with resulting chronic PTH directly from a headache center. Group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) sessions and telephonic counseling or communication were common intervention methods used in the studies, with group CBT being used in 2 of the studies and telephonic counseling being used in 3. Other intervention methods used included individual CBT, cognitive training, psychoeducation, and computer-based and/or therapist-directed cognitive rehabilitation. Conclusions Many of the Interventions offered vastly different methods of delivery of intervention and doses of intervention. Many of the negative studies were done after an extended duration post-injury (>1-year posttraumatic brain injury [TBI]). In addition, the participants were lumped together regardless of their pre-concussion comorbidities, their mechanism of injury, their symptoms, and the duration from injury to the start of the intervention. The mass heterogeneity found between the studies led to inconclusive findings. Thus, there are various considerations for the design of the intervention for future behavioral/MBI studies for PTH and concussion that must be addressed before the leading question of this review may be effectively answered.

  • user design and experience preferences in a novel smartphone application for migraine management a think aloud study of the relaxahead application
    Pain Medicine, 2019
    Co-Authors: Mia T. Minen, Emma Ortega, Adama Jalloh, Scott W Powers, Mary Ann Sevick, Richard B Lipton
    Abstract:

    Objective Scalable nonpharmacologic treatment options are needed for chronic pain conditions. Migraine is an ideal condition to test smartphone-based Mind-Body Interventions (MBIs) because it is a very prevalent, costly, disabling condition. Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is a standardized, evidence-based MBI previously adapted for smartphone applications for other conditions. We sought to examine the usability of the RELAXaHEAD application (app), which has a headache diary and PMR capability. Methods Using the "Think Aloud" approach, we iteratively beta-tested RELAXaHEAD in people with migraine. Individual interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, and transcribed. Using Grounded Theory, we conducted thematic analysis. Participants also were asked Likert scale questions about satisfaction with the app and the PMR. Results Twelve subjects participated in the study. The mean duration of the interviews (SD, range) was 36 (11, 19-53) minutes. From the interviews, four main themes emerged. People were most interested in app utility/practicality, user interface, app functionality, and the potential utility of the PMR. Participants reported that the daily diary was easy to use (75%), was relevant for tracking headaches (75%), maintained their interest and attention (75%), and was easy to understand (83%). Ninety-two percent of the participants would be happy to use the app again. Participants reported that PMR maintained their interest and attention (75%) and improved their stress and low mood (75%). Conclusions The RELAXaHEAD app may be acceptable and useful to migraine participants. Future studies will examine the use of the RELAXaHEAD app to deliver PMR to people with migraine in a low-cost, scalable manner.

  • user design and experience preferences in a novel smartphone application for migraine management a think aloud study of the relaxahead application p4 143
    Neurology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Emma Ortega, Adama Jalloh, Mia T. Minen
    Abstract:

    Objective: Leveraging smartphone technology, we sought to examine the usability of the RELAXaHEAD application, which has a headache diary and PMR capability. Background: Scalable non-pharmacologic treatment options are needed for chronic pain conditions. Migraine is an ideal condition to test smartphone-based mind body Interventions (MBIs) because it is a very prevalent, costly, disabling condition. Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is a standardized, evidence-based MBI used for migraine which people can do independently and therefore might be best amenable for adaption in a smartphone application (app). Design/Methods: Using the “Think Aloud” approach, we iteratively beta-tested RELAXaHEAD using a convenience sample of people with migraine who were affiliated with our academic medical center’s neurology and emergency medicine departments. One on one interviews were conducted, audio-recorded and transcribed. Using Grounded Theory, we conducted thematic analysis. Participants were also asked Likert scale questions about satisfaction with the app and the PMR. Results: Twelve subjects who had a self-reported diagnosis of migraine participated in the study. The mean duration of the interviews was 36 (SD= 11, range 19–53) minutes. From the interviews, four main themes emerged. People with migraine were most interested in App Aesthetic/Appearance, App functionality, App Utility/Practicality, and the potential utility of the PMR. Furthermore, participants reported that the daily diary: was easy to use (75%), was relevant to track headaches (75%), maintained their interest and attention (75%), was easy to understand (83%). Ninety two percent of the participants would be happy to use the app again. Participants reported that PMR maintained their interest and attention (75%) and improved their stress and low mood (75%). Conclusions: The RELAXaHEAD app appears to be acceptable and useful to migraine participants. Future studies can examine the use of the RELAXaHEAD app to deliver smartphone based MBI in a low cost, scalable manner. Study Supported by: NA Disclosure: Dr. Ortega has nothing to disclose. Dr. Jalloh has nothing to disclose. Dr. Minen has nothing to disclose.

Yoshio Nakamura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Robert Zachariae - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • efficacy of psychosocial Interventions for psychological and pregnancy outcomes in infertile women and men a systematic review and meta analysis
    BMJ Open, 2015
    Co-Authors: Yoon Frederiksen, Ingeborg Farvervestergaard, Ninna Gronhoj Skovgard, Hans Jakob Ingerslev, Robert Zachariae
    Abstract:

    Objective To evaluate the evidence on the efficacy of psychosocial Interventions for improving pregnancy rates and reducing distress for couples in treatment with assisted reproductive technology (ART). Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources PsycINFO, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library between 1978 and April 2014. Study selection Studies were considered eligible if they evaluated the effect of any psychosocial intervention on clinical pregnancy and/or distress in infertile participants, used a quantitative approach and were published in English. Data extraction Study characteristics and results were extracted and the methodological quality was assessed. Effect sizes (ES; Hedges g) were pooled using a random effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Q statistic and I2, and publication bias was evaluated using Egger’s method. Possible moderators and mediators were explored with meta-analyses of variances (ANOVAs) and meta-regression. Results We identified 39 eligible studies (total N=2746 men and women) assessing the effects of psychological treatment on pregnancy rates and/or adverse psychological outcomes, including depressive symptoms, anxiety, infertility stress and marital function. Statistically significant and robust overall effects of psychosocial intervention were found for both clinical pregnancy (risk ratio=2.01; CI 1.48 to 2.73; p<0.001) and combined psychological outcomes (Hedges g=0.59; CI 0.38 to 0.80; p=0.001). The pooled ES for psychological outcomes were generally larger for women (g: 0.51 to 0.73) than men (0.13 to 0.34), but the difference only reached statistical significance for depressive symptoms (p=0.004). Meta-regression indicated that larger reductions in anxiety were associated with greater improvement in pregnancy rates (Slope 0.19; p=0.004). No clear-cut differences were found between effects of cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT; g=0.84), mind–body Interventions (0.61) and other intervention types (0.50). Conclusions The present meta-analysis suggests that psychosocial Interventions for couples in treatment for infertility, in particular CBT, could be efficacious, both in reducing psychological distress and in improving clinical pregnancy rates.

Peter M Wayne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • protocol for the match study mindfulness and tai chi for cancer health a preference based multi site randomized comparative effectiveness trial cet of mindfulness based cancer recovery mbcr vs tai chi qigong tcq for cancer survivors
    Contemporary Clinical Trials, 2017
    Co-Authors: Linda E Carlson, Erin L Zelinski, Michael Speca, Lynda G Balneaves, Jennifer M Jones, Daniel Santa Mina, Peter M Wayne
    Abstract:

    Abstract Purpose A growing number of cancer survivors suffer high levels of distress, depression and stress, as well as sleep disturbance, pain and fatigue. Two different Mind-Body Interventions helpful for treating these problems are Mindfulness-Based Cancer Recovery (MBCR) and Tai Chi/Qigong (TCQ). However, while both Interventions show efficacy compared to usual care, they have never been evaluated in the same study or directly compared. This study will be the first to incorporate innovative design features including patient choice while evaluating two Interventions to treat distressed cancer survivors. It will also allow for secondary analyses of which program best targets specific symptoms in particular groups of survivors, based on preferences and baseline characteristics. Methods and significance The design is a preference-based multi-site randomized comparative effectiveness trial. Participants (N = 600) with a preference for either MBCR or TCQ will receive their preferred intervention; while those without a preference will be randomized into either intervention. Further, within the preference and non-preference groups, participants will be randomized into immediate intervention or wait-list control. Total mood disturbance on the Profile of mood states (POMS) post-intervention is the primary outcome. Other measures taken pre- and post-intervention and at 6-month follow-up include quality of life, psychological functioning, cancer-related symptoms and physical functioning. Exploratory analyses investigate biomarkers (cortisol, cytokines, blood pressure/Heart Rate Variability, telomere length, gene expression), which may uncover potentially important effects on key biological regulatory and antineoplastic functions. Health economic measures will determine potential savings to the health system.

  • complexity based measures inform tai chi s impact on standing postural control in older adults with peripheral neuropathy
    BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013
    Co-Authors: Lewis A Lipsitz, Chungkang Peng, B Manor, Peter M Wayne
    Abstract:

    Background: Tai Chi training enhances physical function and may reduce falls in older adults with and without balance disorders, yet its effect on postural control as quantified by the magnitude or speed of center-of-pressure (COP) excursions beneath the feet is less clear. We hypothesized that COP metrics derived from complex systems theory may better capture the multi-component stimulus that Tai Chi has on the postural control system, as compared with traditional COP measures. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of a pilot, non-controlled intervention study that examined the effects of Tai Chi on standing COP dynamics, plantar sensation, and physical function in 25 older adults with peripheral neuropathy. Tai Chi training was based on the Yang style and consisted of three, one-hour group sessions per week for 24 weeks. Standing postural control was assessed with a force platform at baseline, 6, 12, 18, and 24 weeks. The degree of COP complexity, as defined by the presence of fluctuations existing over multiple timescales, was calculated using multiscale entropy analysis. Traditional measures of COP speed and area were also calculated. Foot sole sensation, six-minute walk (6MW) and timed up-and-go (TUG) were also measured at each assessment. Results: Traditional measures of postural control did not change from baseline. The COP complexity index (mean±SD) increased from baseline (4.1±0.5) to week 6 (4.5±0.4), and from week 6 to week 24 (4.7±0.4) (p=0.02). Increases in COP complexity—from baseline to week 24—correlated with improvements in foot sole sensation (p=0.01), the 6MW (p=0.001) and TUG (p=0.01). Conclusions: Subjects of the Tai Chi program exhibited increased complexity of standing COP dynamics. These increases were associated with improved plantar sensation and physical function. Although more research is needed, results of this non-controlled pilot study suggest that complexity-based COP measures may inform the study of complex Mind-Body Interventions, like Tai Chi, on postural control in those with peripheral neuropathy or other age-related balance disorders.