The Experts below are selected from a list of 42 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Joshua Rhodes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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common law common sense how federal circuit courts have misapplied the fourth amendment and why officers must be present to make a warrantless arrest for a Misdemeanor Offense
Social Science Research Network, 2016Co-Authors: Joshua RhodesAbstract:This article fills a gap in legal scholarship, arguing that officers must be in the presence of a Misdemeanor Offense in order to conduct a full custodial arrest of the misdemeanant without a warrant. It is the first article to speak on the topic in over twenty years and is the first to apply the two-pronged test set forth by the Supreme Court in Wyoming v. Houghton to the issue of warrantless arrests for Misdemeanor Offenses occurring outside an officer’s presence. Additionally, it is the first article to collect the seminal case from each of the seven federal circuits that have ruled on the issue, grouping them based on their legal reasoning. Furthermore, the article contains a fifty state survey detailing each state’s criminal statute regarding warrantless arrests for Misdemeanor Offenses. The survey is grouped into two categories, alphabetically listing states that require officer presence to justify a warrantless arrest for a Misdemeanor Offense, and alphabetically listing states that do not.
Maureen Rubin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Misdemeanor Arrestees With Mental Health Needs: Diversion and Outpatient Services as a Recidivism Reduction Strategy:
International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, 2016Co-Authors: Leanne Fiftal Alarid, Maureen RubinAbstract:Individuals with mental illnesses who are arrested for criminal activity cycle between criminal justice and mental health systems at disproportionately high rates. Studying recidivism of this population has been difficult due to separate system data bases. This study compared recidivism outcomes of 102 adults with mental illness who were arrested for a Misdemeanor Offense. One group had a diagnosed mental illness ( n = 58) and the other group was diagnosed with co-occurring mental health and substance abuse disorders ( n = 44). As a condition of their personal recognizance bond, both groups voluntarily agreed to stabilize on medication and report to community-based outpatient mental health clinic. Participants in both groups had fewer rearrests and fewer days in jail in the 12 months following discharge from diversion relative to the 12 months prior to diversion participation. Outpatient mental health service utilization following 24 hr in jail seems to be a viable means of reducing recidivism among accused misdemeanant defendants.
Michael C. Green - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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New York State COMPAS-Probation Risk and Need Assessment Study: Examining the Recidivism Scale's Effectiveness and Predictive Accuracy
2012Co-Authors: Andrew M. Cuomo, Michael C. GreenAbstract:This report presents findings from a study which examined the effectiveness and predictive accuracy of the New York State COMPAS-Probation Recidivism Scale. This scale predicts the likelihood of rearrest for any felony or Misdemeanor Offense over a two-year follow-up period for offenders under probation supervision. The study also examined the prevalence of 19 risk/need factors among study cases and the extent to which these factors were correlated with the likelihood of rearrest. Findings indicated that the Recidivism Scale was both effective and predictively accurate (AUC = 0.71) with respect to the overall probation population. Furthermore, the likelihood of rearrest generally increased with the severity of a given criminogenic risk/need.
Blanchette, Dominique Raquel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The 23: Racial and Other Demographic Differences in the Assignment of Risk Factors for Individuals Found Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity in Virginia
ODU Digital Commons, 2020Co-Authors: Blanchette, Dominique RaquelAbstract:Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity (NGRI) acquittees uniquely walk the line of involvement in both the criminal justice and mental health systems, both of which have literature indicating the presence of underlying racial biases related to practices and outcomes. The current study examined 366 forensic charts from an inpatient psychiatric hospital in Virginia to examine potential differences in the number of risk factors assigned for NGRI acquittees based on a variety of demographic variables. Information about demographic characteristics, psychiatric history, and criminal history was recorded and analyzed. It was hypothesized that younger age, male gender, a psychotic diagnosis, violent NGRI Offense, and identifying as Black would all be associated with more assigned risk factors. It was also expected that race would account for additional variance in the assignment of risk factors above and beyond other salient demographic variables. Results indicated that Black participants were assigned more risk factors than their White counterparts, men were assigned more risk factors than women, and individuals with a felony Offense stayed longer in the hospital than individuals with a Misdemeanor Offense. Race also accounted for additional variance in the assignment of risk factors above and beyond age, gender, diagnosis, and type of criminal Offense. Implications of this study include the need to consider incorporating cultural sensitivity training, specifically related to race, and education around implicit biases into forensic examiner training that may impact risk assessment and clinical judgment
Antonis Katsiyannis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Juvenile Offending and Crime in Early Adulthood: A Large Sample Analysis
Journal of Child and Family Studies, 2016Co-Authors: David E. Barrett, Antonis KatsiyannisAbstract:Using large sample archival data from the state of South Carolina’s juvenile justice agency and other state agencies, we examined the background, early experiential and delinquency-related variables predicting young adult (ages 17–30 years) offending among juvenile offenders. We also examined characteristics of juvenile offenders who committed only a single Misdemeanor Offense, compared to non-juvenile offenders. Finally, we examined the variables that accounted for group differences in persistence of juvenile offending. Early adverse experiences including family-related adversities, mental health problems, identification as having school-related disabilities and juvenile recidivism accounted for more than 20 % of the variance in adult offending. Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed several time-dependent covariates including gender, age at first Offense and repeat versus one time offending. Contrary to the view that the one time, Misdemeanor level juvenile offending represents only minor departure from normative adolescent behavior, we found that this group of offenders differed significantly from non-delinquents on every category of risk for adult offending and also were more likely than non-delinquents to commit felonies as adults. Finally, in comparing adolescence-limited offenders with life-course persistent offenders, we accounted for more than 50 % of the variance in criminal outcomes on the basis of measures of background, early adversity, psychological characteristics and age of first juvenile arrest or referral.