Recidivism

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John M. W. Bradford - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pornography use and sexual aggression the impact of frequency and type of pornography use on Recidivism among sexual offenders
    Aggressive Behavior, 2008
    Co-Authors: Drew A Kingston, Paul Fedoroff, Philip Firestone, Susan Curry, John M. W. Bradford
    Abstract:

    In this study, we examined the unique contribution of pornography consumption to the longitudinal prediction of criminal Recidivism in a sample of 341 child molesters. We specifically tested the hypothesis, based on predictions informed by the confluence model of sexual aggression that pornography will be a risk factor for Recidivism only for those individuals classified as relatively high risk for re-offending. Pornography use (frequency and type) was assessed through self-report and Recidivism was measured using data from a national database from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Indices of Recidivism, which were assessed up to 15 years after release, included an overall criminal Recidivism index, as well as subcategories focusing on violent (including sexual) Recidivism and sexual Recidivism alone. Results for both frequency and type of pornography use were generally consistent with our predictions. Most importantly, after controlling for general and specific risk factors for sexual aggression, pornography added significantly to the prediction of Recidivism. Statistical interactions indicated that frequency of pornography use was primarily a risk factor for higher-risk offenders, when compared with lower-risk offenders, and that content of pornography (i.e., pornography containing deviant content) was a risk factor for all groups. The importance of conceptualizing particular risk factors (e.g., pornography), within the context of other individual characteristics is discussed.

  • denial predicts Recidivism for some sexual offenders
    Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 2007
    Co-Authors: John M. W. Bradford, Karl R Hanson, Philip Firestone, Kevin L. Nunes, Heather Moulden, David Greenberg
    Abstract:

    This study examined whether there were variables that moderated the relationship between denial and Recidivism among adult male sexual offenders. The first study (N = 489) found that the relationship with sexual Recidivism was moderated by risk (as measured by the Rapid Risk Assessment for Sexual Offense Recidivism) but not by psychopathy (as measured by the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised). Contrary to expectations, denial was associated with increased sexual Recidivism among the low-risk offenders and with decreased Recidivism among the high-risk offenders. Post hoc analyses suggested that the risk item most responsible for the interaction was “relationship to victims”. For incest offenders, denial was associated with increased sexual Recidivism, but denial was not associated with increased Recidivism for offenders with unrelated victims. These interactions were substantially replicated in two independent samples (N = 490 and N = 73). The results suggest that denial merits further consideration for researchers as well as those involved in applied risk assessment of sexual offenders.

  • Incarceration and Recidivism among sexual offenders.
    Law and human behavior, 2007
    Co-Authors: Kevin L. Nunes, Philip Firestone, Audrey F. Wexler, Tamara L. Jensen, John M. W. Bradford
    Abstract:

    The relationship between incarceration and Recidivism was investigated in a sample of 627 adult male sexual offenders. Incarceration for the index offense was unrelated to sexual or violent Recidivism. This was the case whether incarceration was examined as a dichotomous variable (incarceration vs. community sentence) or as a continuous variable (length of incarceration). Risk for sexual Recidivism was assessed with a modified version of the Rapid Risk Assessment for Sexual Offense Recidivism. There was no evidence that the relationship between incarceration and Recidivism was confounded or moderated by risk or that length of incarceration and Recidivism were non-linearly associated. Sentencing sexual offenders to terms of incarceration appears to have little, if any, impact on sexual and violent Recidivism following release.

  • Hostility and Recidivism in Sexual Offenders
    Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2005
    Co-Authors: Philip Firestone, Kevin L. Nunes, Heather Moulden, Ian Broom, John M. W. Bradford
    Abstract:

    In this study, we examined the association of hostility, as measured by the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI), with offence characteristics and Recidivism in 656 adult male sexual offenders. Hostility was significantly associated with having prior violent charges, the use of violence in the index sexual offence, sexual Recidivism, and violent Recidivism. After controlling for risk level, as measured by a modified version of the Rapid Risk Assessment for Sexual Offence Recidivism (RRASOR-mod), the significant association between hostility and sexual and violent Recidivism remained. When examined by type of offender, hostility was significantly associated with Recidivism in intrafamilial and extrafamilial child molesters, but not in rapists or mixed offenders. Given the predictive value of hostility independent of the RRASOR-mod, the present findings confirm and encourage treatment efforts directed toward the management of hostility and anger in sexual offenders.

Philip Firestone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pornography use and sexual aggression the impact of frequency and type of pornography use on Recidivism among sexual offenders
    Aggressive Behavior, 2008
    Co-Authors: Drew A Kingston, Paul Fedoroff, Philip Firestone, Susan Curry, John M. W. Bradford
    Abstract:

    In this study, we examined the unique contribution of pornography consumption to the longitudinal prediction of criminal Recidivism in a sample of 341 child molesters. We specifically tested the hypothesis, based on predictions informed by the confluence model of sexual aggression that pornography will be a risk factor for Recidivism only for those individuals classified as relatively high risk for re-offending. Pornography use (frequency and type) was assessed through self-report and Recidivism was measured using data from a national database from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Indices of Recidivism, which were assessed up to 15 years after release, included an overall criminal Recidivism index, as well as subcategories focusing on violent (including sexual) Recidivism and sexual Recidivism alone. Results for both frequency and type of pornography use were generally consistent with our predictions. Most importantly, after controlling for general and specific risk factors for sexual aggression, pornography added significantly to the prediction of Recidivism. Statistical interactions indicated that frequency of pornography use was primarily a risk factor for higher-risk offenders, when compared with lower-risk offenders, and that content of pornography (i.e., pornography containing deviant content) was a risk factor for all groups. The importance of conceptualizing particular risk factors (e.g., pornography), within the context of other individual characteristics is discussed.

  • denial predicts Recidivism for some sexual offenders
    Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 2007
    Co-Authors: John M. W. Bradford, Karl R Hanson, Philip Firestone, Kevin L. Nunes, Heather Moulden, David Greenberg
    Abstract:

    This study examined whether there were variables that moderated the relationship between denial and Recidivism among adult male sexual offenders. The first study (N = 489) found that the relationship with sexual Recidivism was moderated by risk (as measured by the Rapid Risk Assessment for Sexual Offense Recidivism) but not by psychopathy (as measured by the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised). Contrary to expectations, denial was associated with increased sexual Recidivism among the low-risk offenders and with decreased Recidivism among the high-risk offenders. Post hoc analyses suggested that the risk item most responsible for the interaction was “relationship to victims”. For incest offenders, denial was associated with increased sexual Recidivism, but denial was not associated with increased Recidivism for offenders with unrelated victims. These interactions were substantially replicated in two independent samples (N = 490 and N = 73). The results suggest that denial merits further consideration for researchers as well as those involved in applied risk assessment of sexual offenders.

  • Incarceration and Recidivism among sexual offenders.
    Law and human behavior, 2007
    Co-Authors: Kevin L. Nunes, Philip Firestone, Audrey F. Wexler, Tamara L. Jensen, John M. W. Bradford
    Abstract:

    The relationship between incarceration and Recidivism was investigated in a sample of 627 adult male sexual offenders. Incarceration for the index offense was unrelated to sexual or violent Recidivism. This was the case whether incarceration was examined as a dichotomous variable (incarceration vs. community sentence) or as a continuous variable (length of incarceration). Risk for sexual Recidivism was assessed with a modified version of the Rapid Risk Assessment for Sexual Offense Recidivism. There was no evidence that the relationship between incarceration and Recidivism was confounded or moderated by risk or that length of incarceration and Recidivism were non-linearly associated. Sentencing sexual offenders to terms of incarceration appears to have little, if any, impact on sexual and violent Recidivism following release.

  • Hostility and Recidivism in Sexual Offenders
    Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2005
    Co-Authors: Philip Firestone, Kevin L. Nunes, Heather Moulden, Ian Broom, John M. W. Bradford
    Abstract:

    In this study, we examined the association of hostility, as measured by the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI), with offence characteristics and Recidivism in 656 adult male sexual offenders. Hostility was significantly associated with having prior violent charges, the use of violence in the index sexual offence, sexual Recidivism, and violent Recidivism. After controlling for risk level, as measured by a modified version of the Rapid Risk Assessment for Sexual Offence Recidivism (RRASOR-mod), the significant association between hostility and sexual and violent Recidivism remained. When examined by type of offender, hostility was significantly associated with Recidivism in intrafamilial and extrafamilial child molesters, but not in rapists or mixed offenders. Given the predictive value of hostility independent of the RRASOR-mod, the present findings confirm and encourage treatment efforts directed toward the management of hostility and anger in sexual offenders.

  • A Comparison of Modified Versions of the Static-99 and the Sex Offender Risk Appraisal Guide
    Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 2002
    Co-Authors: Kevin L. Nunes, Philip Firestone, John M. Bradford, David M. Greenberg, Ian Broom
    Abstract:

    The predictive validity of 2 risk assessment instruments for sex offenders, modified versions of the Static-99 and the Sex Offender Risk Appraisal Guide, was examined and compared in a sample of 258 adult male sex offenders. In addition, the independent contributions to the prediction of Recidivism made by each instrument and by various phallometric indices were explored. Both instruments demonstrated moderate levels of predictive accuracy for sexual and violent (including sexual) Recidivism. They were not significantly different in terms of their predictive accuracy for sexual or violent Recidivism, nor did they contribute independently to the prediction of sexual or violent Recidivism. Of the phallometric indices examined, only the pedophile index added significantly to the prediction of sexual Recidivism, but not violent Recidivism, above the Static-99 alone.

Kevin L. Nunes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • denial predicts Recidivism for some sexual offenders
    Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 2007
    Co-Authors: John M. W. Bradford, Karl R Hanson, Philip Firestone, Kevin L. Nunes, Heather Moulden, David Greenberg
    Abstract:

    This study examined whether there were variables that moderated the relationship between denial and Recidivism among adult male sexual offenders. The first study (N = 489) found that the relationship with sexual Recidivism was moderated by risk (as measured by the Rapid Risk Assessment for Sexual Offense Recidivism) but not by psychopathy (as measured by the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised). Contrary to expectations, denial was associated with increased sexual Recidivism among the low-risk offenders and with decreased Recidivism among the high-risk offenders. Post hoc analyses suggested that the risk item most responsible for the interaction was “relationship to victims”. For incest offenders, denial was associated with increased sexual Recidivism, but denial was not associated with increased Recidivism for offenders with unrelated victims. These interactions were substantially replicated in two independent samples (N = 490 and N = 73). The results suggest that denial merits further consideration for researchers as well as those involved in applied risk assessment of sexual offenders.

  • Incarceration and Recidivism among sexual offenders.
    Law and human behavior, 2007
    Co-Authors: Kevin L. Nunes, Philip Firestone, Audrey F. Wexler, Tamara L. Jensen, John M. W. Bradford
    Abstract:

    The relationship between incarceration and Recidivism was investigated in a sample of 627 adult male sexual offenders. Incarceration for the index offense was unrelated to sexual or violent Recidivism. This was the case whether incarceration was examined as a dichotomous variable (incarceration vs. community sentence) or as a continuous variable (length of incarceration). Risk for sexual Recidivism was assessed with a modified version of the Rapid Risk Assessment for Sexual Offense Recidivism. There was no evidence that the relationship between incarceration and Recidivism was confounded or moderated by risk or that length of incarceration and Recidivism were non-linearly associated. Sentencing sexual offenders to terms of incarceration appears to have little, if any, impact on sexual and violent Recidivism following release.

  • Hostility and Recidivism in Sexual Offenders
    Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2005
    Co-Authors: Philip Firestone, Kevin L. Nunes, Heather Moulden, Ian Broom, John M. W. Bradford
    Abstract:

    In this study, we examined the association of hostility, as measured by the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI), with offence characteristics and Recidivism in 656 adult male sexual offenders. Hostility was significantly associated with having prior violent charges, the use of violence in the index sexual offence, sexual Recidivism, and violent Recidivism. After controlling for risk level, as measured by a modified version of the Rapid Risk Assessment for Sexual Offence Recidivism (RRASOR-mod), the significant association between hostility and sexual and violent Recidivism remained. When examined by type of offender, hostility was significantly associated with Recidivism in intrafamilial and extrafamilial child molesters, but not in rapists or mixed offenders. Given the predictive value of hostility independent of the RRASOR-mod, the present findings confirm and encourage treatment efforts directed toward the management of hostility and anger in sexual offenders.

  • A Comparison of Modified Versions of the Static-99 and the Sex Offender Risk Appraisal Guide
    Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 2002
    Co-Authors: Kevin L. Nunes, Philip Firestone, John M. Bradford, David M. Greenberg, Ian Broom
    Abstract:

    The predictive validity of 2 risk assessment instruments for sex offenders, modified versions of the Static-99 and the Sex Offender Risk Appraisal Guide, was examined and compared in a sample of 258 adult male sex offenders. In addition, the independent contributions to the prediction of Recidivism made by each instrument and by various phallometric indices were explored. Both instruments demonstrated moderate levels of predictive accuracy for sexual and violent (including sexual) Recidivism. They were not significantly different in terms of their predictive accuracy for sexual or violent Recidivism, nor did they contribute independently to the prediction of sexual or violent Recidivism. Of the phallometric indices examined, only the pedophile index added significantly to the prediction of sexual Recidivism, but not violent Recidivism, above the Static-99 alone.

Sarah Yousfi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the relationship between juvenile psychopathic traits delinquency and violent Recidivism a meta analysis
    Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
    Co-Authors: Jessica J Assche, Eveline Van Vug, G J J M Stams, Maja Dekovic, Veroni I Eichelsheim, Sarah Yousfi
    Abstract:

    A meta-analysis of k = 53 studies containing 60 non-overlapping samples and 10,073 participants was conducted to investigate whether psychopathy was associated with delinquency and (violent) Recidivism in juveniles. The results showed that psychopathy was moderately associated with delinquency, general Recidivism, and violent Recidivism. Moderator effects revealed that various study and participant characteristics influenced the strength of the association between psychopathy, delinquency, and (violent) Recidivism. It was concluded that screening for the (early) detection of psychopathy is important, as delinquent behavior and Recidivism can be predicted from psychopathy as early as the transition from middle childhood to adolescence. Language: en

  • the relationship between juvenile psychopathic traits delinquency and violent Recidivism a meta analysis
    Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
    Co-Authors: Jessica J Asscher, G J J M Stams, Maja Dekovic, Veroni I Eichelsheim, Eveline Van Vugt, Sarah Yousfi
    Abstract:

    A meta-analysis of k = 53 studies containing 60 non-overlapping samples and 10,073 participants was conducted to investigate whether psychopathy was associated with delinquency and (violent) Recidivism in juveniles. The results showed that psychopathy was moderately associated with delinquency, general Recidivism, and violent Recidivism. Moderator effects revealed that various study and participant characteristics influenced the strength of the association between psychopathy, delinquency, and (violent) Recidivism. It was concluded that screening for the (early) detection of psychopathy is important, as delinquent behavior and Recidivism can be predicted from psychopathy as early as the transition from middle childhood to adolescence.

Ryken Grattet - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • policy change and Recidivism the effects of california s realignment and local implementation strategies on rearrest and reconviction
    Criminal Justice Policy Review, 2017
    Co-Authors: Mia Bird, Ryken Grattet
    Abstract:

    California’s 2011 Public Safety Realignment created an unprecedented policy experiment by transferring the authority over lower level felony offenders from the state correctional system to 58 county jail and probation systems. Realignment provides a unique opportunity to examine the ways that correctional policy change can influence Recidivism patterns. We examine two questions about policy change and Recidivism: “Did realignment affect change in statewide Recidivism patterns?” and “Does county-level variation in implementation strategies help account for differences in Recidivism across counties?” We find that statewide Recidivism rates actually increased somewhat after realignment. However, we also find that offenders released to counties that prioritized reentry services in their implementation of realignment had better post-realignment Recidivism outcomes than offenders released to counties that prioritized traditional enforcement methods. We conclude by considering additional steps needed to understa...