The Experts below are selected from a list of 12 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Michael N Hallquis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • incentives facilitate developmental improvement in inhibitory Control by Modulating Control related networks
    NeuroImage, 2018
    Co-Authors: Michael N Hallquis, Charles F Geie, Eatriz Luna
    Abstract:

    Adolescence is a period of heightened sensitivity to incentives and relatively weak cognitive Control, which may contribute to risky behaviors. Studies of brain activity have generally identified greater activation of the ventral striatum to rewards and less activation of prefrontal regions during Control tasks in adolescents compared to adults. Little is known, however, about age-related changes in the functional brain networks underlying incentive processing and cognitive Control. This cross-sectional study characterized the effects of incentives on inhibitory Control during an oculomotor task using whole-brain functional connectivity analyses. During an fMRI scan, one hundred forty typically developing individuals completed an incentivized antisaccade task consisting of incentive cue, preparation, and response phases. We found that task modulation of Control networks increased gradually from childhood to adulthood, whereas a network including ventral striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex displayed an adolescent-specific peak in response to the receipt of outcomes, consistent with dual-systems models. Notably, however, greater modulation of salience and motor networks during the preparation phase mediated age-related improvements in antisaccade accuracy, whereas adolescent enhancement of value-related circuitry did not. Relative to neutral cues, both reward and loss cues enhanced task-related connectivity of the salience network when preparing to inhibit a saccade. Altogether, our findings suggest that incentives facilitate inhibitory Control by enhancing the salience of one's responses and that over development, the recruitment of functional networks involved in saliency and motor preparation supports better performance.

Eatriz Luna - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • incentives facilitate developmental improvement in inhibitory Control by Modulating Control related networks
    NeuroImage, 2018
    Co-Authors: Michael N Hallquis, Charles F Geie, Eatriz Luna
    Abstract:

    Adolescence is a period of heightened sensitivity to incentives and relatively weak cognitive Control, which may contribute to risky behaviors. Studies of brain activity have generally identified greater activation of the ventral striatum to rewards and less activation of prefrontal regions during Control tasks in adolescents compared to adults. Little is known, however, about age-related changes in the functional brain networks underlying incentive processing and cognitive Control. This cross-sectional study characterized the effects of incentives on inhibitory Control during an oculomotor task using whole-brain functional connectivity analyses. During an fMRI scan, one hundred forty typically developing individuals completed an incentivized antisaccade task consisting of incentive cue, preparation, and response phases. We found that task modulation of Control networks increased gradually from childhood to adulthood, whereas a network including ventral striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex displayed an adolescent-specific peak in response to the receipt of outcomes, consistent with dual-systems models. Notably, however, greater modulation of salience and motor networks during the preparation phase mediated age-related improvements in antisaccade accuracy, whereas adolescent enhancement of value-related circuitry did not. Relative to neutral cues, both reward and loss cues enhanced task-related connectivity of the salience network when preparing to inhibit a saccade. Altogether, our findings suggest that incentives facilitate inhibitory Control by enhancing the salience of one's responses and that over development, the recruitment of functional networks involved in saliency and motor preparation supports better performance.

Charles F Geie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • incentives facilitate developmental improvement in inhibitory Control by Modulating Control related networks
    NeuroImage, 2018
    Co-Authors: Michael N Hallquis, Charles F Geie, Eatriz Luna
    Abstract:

    Adolescence is a period of heightened sensitivity to incentives and relatively weak cognitive Control, which may contribute to risky behaviors. Studies of brain activity have generally identified greater activation of the ventral striatum to rewards and less activation of prefrontal regions during Control tasks in adolescents compared to adults. Little is known, however, about age-related changes in the functional brain networks underlying incentive processing and cognitive Control. This cross-sectional study characterized the effects of incentives on inhibitory Control during an oculomotor task using whole-brain functional connectivity analyses. During an fMRI scan, one hundred forty typically developing individuals completed an incentivized antisaccade task consisting of incentive cue, preparation, and response phases. We found that task modulation of Control networks increased gradually from childhood to adulthood, whereas a network including ventral striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex displayed an adolescent-specific peak in response to the receipt of outcomes, consistent with dual-systems models. Notably, however, greater modulation of salience and motor networks during the preparation phase mediated age-related improvements in antisaccade accuracy, whereas adolescent enhancement of value-related circuitry did not. Relative to neutral cues, both reward and loss cues enhanced task-related connectivity of the salience network when preparing to inhibit a saccade. Altogether, our findings suggest that incentives facilitate inhibitory Control by enhancing the salience of one's responses and that over development, the recruitment of functional networks involved in saliency and motor preparation supports better performance.

Thomas B Hartman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • high efficiency pumping and distribution system incorporating a self balancing Modulating Control valve
    2000
    Co-Authors: Thomas B Hartman
    Abstract:

    The present invention is a new self-balancing Modulating Control valve for use in a variable-flow fluid distribution system supplying a plurality of loads, which when installed at each load permits a smaller pumping head at all flow conditions. The purpose of this invention is to develop a valve for a variable-flow fluid distribution system that uses less energy than current systems by requiring a near zero pressure drop across the valve but still operates effectively at all load and flow conditions. This invention can allow electronically actuated ball-type valves that are now available to operate reliably and with a longer life by achieving effective Control with less frequent reposition requirements.

Karhune Niko - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Paineesta riippumaton säätöventtiili
    2020
    Co-Authors: Karhune Niko
    Abstract:

    Insinöörityön päätarkoituksena oli selvittää talotekniikan lämmitys- ja jäähdytysjärjestelmissä käytettävän paineesta riippumattoman säätöventtiilin toiminta. Työ toteutettiin yhteistyössä Teknocalor Oy:n kanssa, joka on Vantaalla sijaitseva talotekniikan maahantuonti- ja asiantuntijayritys. Työssä käydään aluksi läpi paineesta riippumattoman säätöventtiilin toiminta. Tämän jälkeen vuorossa on yleistä teoriaa säätöventtiilien mitoituksesta ja valinnasta sekä paineesta riippumattoman säätöventtiilin valinta. Säätöventtiilin valinnan selvittämisen jälkeen vertaillaan paineesta riippuvaa ja paineesta riippumatonta toteutusta mallilaskelmilla. Lopuksi työssä selvitetään vielä paineesta riippumattoman säätöventtiilin käyttöönotto verkoston osana. Paineesta riippumattoman säätöventtiiliin virtaamaan eivät vaikuta verkoston paineenvaihtelut. Sen sisäänrakennettu paine-erosäädin pitää huolen siitä, että virtaama venttiilin yli on aina haluttu, vaikka verkoston paine-ero muuttuisikin. Kun verkosto on suunniteltu paineesta riippumattomilla säätöventtiileillä, ei verkostossa tarvitse käyttää erillisiä linjasäätöventtiilejä tasapainotukseen. Paineesta riippumattomia säätöventtiileitä on markkinoilla useita malleja. Tässä työssä keskitytään Frese:n Optima Compact -säätöventtiiliin, jonka maahantuojana Teknocalor Oy toimii. Opinnäytetyössä on käytetty apuna yrityksen sisäisiä materiaaleja, Rakennustieto Oy:n laatimia LVI-kortteja sekä alan kirjallisuutta.The purpose of this final year project was to study the operations of a pressure independent Control valve used for cooling and heating systems in building services engineering and designed to combine automatic balancing valve, automatic flow regulating valve and temperature Control valve in one body, eliminating the need to use additional balancing valves. The sources of information for this project were literature and technical manuals from manufacturer websites. The final year project presented the principles of the operations of pressure independent Control valves, where an inbuilt pressure regulator maintains constant differential pressure across the Modulating Control component. Literature based research was made to collect general theory and physics involved in the selection of a Control valve. In addition, valve selection with examples was presented, and the authority of the valve in the system with different combinations studied. The Bachelor’s thesis can be used as a source of information about pressure independent valves, and the company can used it for training new employees