The Experts below are selected from a list of 42666 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
B. Rau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Achievements and challenges in thin film silicon Module Production
Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2013Co-Authors: Bernd Stannowski, Onno Gabriel, Sonya Calnan, Tim Frijnts, Andreas Heidelberg, Sebastian Neubert, Simon Kirner, Sven Ring, M. Zelt, B. RauAbstract:Abstract This paper addresses the achievements and challenges in a-Si:H/µc-Si:H tandem solar cell technology including Production aspects. As an example we show figures of the Module Production at Masdar PV, with Module conversion efficiencies reaching 10%. The process integration was supported by PVcomB, namely, by developing improved PECVD processes and transferring them to Masdar PV. The important role of the TCO substrate for producing high-efficiency Modules at lowest possible costs is discussed. We show the results of tandem cells on thermally annealed ZnO:Al substrates, resulting in an improvement of 0.4–0.5% (abs) as a result of the TCO annealing, reaching a stable efficiency of 12.1% for a 1 cm² solar cell and 11.6% for a mini Module. The challenges in developing thin film silicon solar Modules with higher efficiency than presently reached are discussed.
Vamshi Krishna Reddy Kottam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Solar photovoltaic Module Production: Environmental footprint, management horizons and investor goodwill
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018Co-Authors: Sunderasan Srinivasan, Vamshi Krishna Reddy KottamAbstract:Abstract This paper focuses attention on the environmental impacts of solar photovoltaic (PV) Module Production, use and disposal. The present study estimates the goodwill capital embedded within market valuations of the 9 publicly listed PV Module manufacturing firms. These goodwill scores are correlated with the ‘solar scores’ awarded by the Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition. Correlation between such scores and the generated goodwill capital appears weak and inconclusive. The study also finds no significant correlation between long-term planning demonstrated by managers within these firms, the environmental impacts of their processes and the goodwill generated among investors. Informing investors of the variants of solar PV technologies, and of the range of potential environmental consequences, could help appropriately internalize risks and rewards.
V Canevari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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polycrystalline cdte thin films for photovoltaic applications
Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials, 2006Co-Authors: Alessio Bosio, S. Mazzamuto, Nicola Romeo, V CanevariAbstract:Abstract The CdTe/CdS thin film solar cells can be most conveniently fabricated in the form of thin films. Solar cells based on CdTe have been studied for several years now and the technology seems to be ripe for starting significant industrial Production. Recently CdTe thin film solar cells have achieved an energy conversion efficiency record of 16.5% on a laboratory scale. In this paper we review the process needed to prepare high efficiency CdTe/CdS solar cells from the point of view of thin film deposition techniques. Furthermore we show that thin film CdTe technology is sufficiently mature to be easily transferred to form the basis of a large-scale Module Production.
Bernd Stannowski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Achievements and challenges in thin film silicon Module Production
Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2013Co-Authors: Bernd Stannowski, Onno Gabriel, Sonya Calnan, Tim Frijnts, Andreas Heidelberg, Sebastian Neubert, Simon Kirner, Sven Ring, M. Zelt, B. RauAbstract:Abstract This paper addresses the achievements and challenges in a-Si:H/µc-Si:H tandem solar cell technology including Production aspects. As an example we show figures of the Module Production at Masdar PV, with Module conversion efficiencies reaching 10%. The process integration was supported by PVcomB, namely, by developing improved PECVD processes and transferring them to Masdar PV. The important role of the TCO substrate for producing high-efficiency Modules at lowest possible costs is discussed. We show the results of tandem cells on thermally annealed ZnO:Al substrates, resulting in an improvement of 0.4–0.5% (abs) as a result of the TCO annealing, reaching a stable efficiency of 12.1% for a 1 cm² solar cell and 11.6% for a mini Module. The challenges in developing thin film silicon solar Modules with higher efficiency than presently reached are discussed.
Mariska J De Wildscholten - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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energy payback time and carbon footprint of commercial photovoltaic systems
Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2013Co-Authors: Mariska J De WildscholtenAbstract:Abstract Energy payback time and carbon footprint of commercial roof-top photovoltaic systems are calculated based on new 2011 manufacturers' data; and on 2013 equipment manufacturers' estimates of “micromorph” silicon photovoltaic Modules. The energy payback times and carbon footprints are 1.96, 1.24, 1.39, 0.92, 0.68, and 1.02 years and 38.1, 27.2, 34.8, 22.8, 15.8, and 21.4 g CO 2 -eq/kWh for monocrystalline silicon, multicrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, “micromorph” silicon, cadmium telluride and CIGS roof-top photovoltaic systems, respectively, assuming a poly-silicon Production with hydropower; ingot-, wafer-, solar cell and Module Production with UCTE electricity; an irradiation on an optimized-angle of 1700 kWh/(m 2 ×year); excluding installation, operation and maintenance and end-of-life phase. Shifting Production of poly-silicon, ingots, wafers, cells and Modules to China results in similar energy payback times but increases the carbon footprint by a factor 1.3–2.1, depending on the electricity intensity of manufacturing.