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T Sahlu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of feed restriction and realimentation on Mohair fiber growth and tissue gain by growing angora goats
Livestock Science, 2011Co-Authors: R Puchala, T Sahlu, A K Patra, G Animut, A L GoetschAbstract:Abstract Angora wethers (48), approximately 6 months of age and 15.7 kg initial BW (SEM = 0.38), were used to determine the effects of the level of feed intake and realimentation on Mohair fiber growth and tissue gain. There were two 12 weeks phases in which dehydrated alfalfa pellets (18% CP and 48% NDF, DM basis) were fed. In phase 1, feed amounts were intended to provide ME adequate for 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 g/day of tissue (non-fiber) gain and 0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, and 7.5 g/day of clean Mohair fiber growth, respectively (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, and L6, respectively), although actual levels were slightly greater; intake was ad libitum in phase 2. DM intake in both phases increased linearly (P m ) in phase 1 was not affected by treatment. In phase 2, ME m was greater than in phase 1 (mean = 431 kJ/kg BW 0.75 ) and increased linearly (P 0.75 for L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, and L6, respectively; SEM = 97.5). The phase difference and unrealistically high values for some treatments may have resulted from a greater requirement than assumed for tissue gain in phase 2. This may have been because levels of fat and energy in tissue gained was greater in phase 2 than 1 and increased in phase 2 as the level of feed offered in phase 1 increased. In summary, with levels of intake above maintenance, growing Angora goats partition nutrients to Mohair fiber growth at the expense of tissue gain. Realimentation likewise does not affect Mohair fiber growth but can increase tissue gain, the magnitude of which depends on the severity of previous intake restriction.
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effects of small peptides or amino acids infused to a perfused area of the skin of angora goats on Mohair growth
Journal of Animal Science, 2002Co-Authors: R Puchala, T Sahlu, A L Goetsch, S G Pierzynowski, T Wuliji, M Lachica, S A SotonavarroAbstract:: The effect of infusing dipeptides or their amino acids on Mohair growth of Angora goats was investigated using a skin perfusion technique. Seven Angora wethers (average BW 24 +/- 2.5 kg) were implanted bilaterally with silicon catheters into the superficial branches of the deep circumflex iliac artery and vein and carotid artery. The experiment consisted of three 28-d phases. In the first 14 d of Phases 1 and 3, saline was infused into deep circumflex iliac arteries supplying skin and in Phase 2 a mixture of dipeptides (methionine-leucine [Met-Leu], lysine-leucine [Lys-Leu]) was infused into the artery on one side, and free amino acids were administered on the other side. Infusion rates of peptides were 0.85 mg/h Met-Leu and 0.85 mg/h Lys-Leu in 2.4 mL saline. Infusion rates of amino acids were 0.474 mg/h Lys, 0.483 mg/h Met, and 0.743 mg/h Leu in 2.4 mL saline. A 100-cm2 area within the perfused region was used to determine Mohair growth. Two weeks after the cessation of infusions, perfused areas were shorn. Clean Mohair production from the dipeptide- and amino acids-perfused regions were similar (4.21 vs 4.35 g/[100 cm2 +/- 28 d], respectively; P > 0.05). However, clean Mohair production during dipeptides and amino acids infusions was greater (P 0.05). In conclusion, the studied small dipeptides and amino acids similarly increased Mohair fiber growth, presumably through supplying limiting amino acids directly to the fiber follicle.
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dietary protein effects on and the relationship between milk production and Mohair growth in angora does
Small Ruminant Research, 1999Co-Authors: T Sahlu, S P Hart, H Carneiro, H El M Shaer, J M Fernandez, A L GoetschAbstract:Abstract Twenty-eight Angora does in week 3 through week 16 of lactation (with kids removed; 41 ± 0.9 kg initial BW) were given ad libitum access to a 67% concentrate diet with four formulated (DM basis) levels of CP ranging from 9% to 18% to study the relationship between, and dietary CP level effects on, milk production and Mohair growth in different periods of lactation. Dry matter intake did not differ among treatments ( p > 0.10) in all but one 2-week period, and CP intake increased linearly ( p P = 0.09) with increasing the dietary CP concentration (548, 605, 926, and 757 g/d; SE = 124). Mohair growth was 1.25, 1.37, 1.05, and 1.55 mg/(cm 2 d −1 ) for 9%, 12%, 15%, and 18% CP, respectively (SE = 0.146). Within 2-week periods, CP intake was not related ( p > 0.10) to Mohair growth; however, intake of CP was fairly consistently correlated with milk production in each 2-week period (overall r = 0.59; p r = −0.55; p p > 0.10). Dietary CP level did not markedly impact the negative relationship between milk production and Mohair growth. In conclusion, milk production and Mohair growth were inversely related in mid-lactation but not in early or late stages, and dietary CP level did not alter the relationship between milk production and Mohair growth. Under these conditions, varying dietary CP level did not overcome partitioning of nutrients to milk synthesis or increase Mohair growth by lactating Angora does.
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effects of bovine somatotropin and ruminally undegraded protein on feed intake live weight gain and Mohair production by yearling angora wethers
Journal of Animal Science, 1999Co-Authors: J J Davis, S W Coleman, S P Hart, T Sahlu, R Puchala, M J Herselman, E N Escobar, J P Mccann, A L GoetschAbstract:Yearling Angora wethers (n = 24; 24 ± 1.0 kg BW) were used in an experiment with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments to investigate effects of bovine somatotropin (bST) treatment and dietary level of ruminally undegraded protein on DMI, ADG, and Mohair production. Untreated casein (UC) or casein treated with formaldehyde (TC) was included at 7% DM of a diet containing 11% CP and 46% concentrate. A slow-release bST form was administered weekly to deliver 0 (Control) or 100 μg/ (kg BW.d) of bST. Plasma concentrations of bST and IGF-I were increased (P .10). In conclusion, with yearling Angora wethers, bST does not seem useful to enhance Mohair production and may not alter effects of dietary level of ruminally undegradable protein on Mohair production.
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The effect of various levels of lysine infused intraperitoneally on Mohair quality and nitrogen metabolism in Angora goats
Small Ruminant Research, 1996Co-Authors: M. Smuts-ayers, T SahluAbstract:Nutritional manipulation of Mohair quality was investigated by measuring the effects of various intraperitoneal lysine doses on Mohair quality and N metabolism in 18 mature Angora wethers. Animals were infused intraperitoneally with lysine (0, 1.18, 2.23, 3.35, 4.67 or 5.92 g day−1) for 28 days. Lysine infusion decreased linearly the percentage of fibers that were medullated (R = 0.30; P = 0.0006). Fiber diameter (R = 0.16; P > 0.10) was not affected. However, several metabolic changes were observed when the highest doses (4.67 and 5.92 g) of lysine were infused, which may be indicative of an amino acid imbalance or toxicity. Plasma lysine concentrations increased quadratically (R = 0.51; P 0.10) by lysine infusion. Plasma urea was elevated (linear: P < 0.015). The percentage of medullated fibers decreased linearly with increasing lysine content of the infusate. The infusate also caused accumulation of plasma lysine at infusions greater than 4.7 g lysine day−1.
B A Mcgregor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Lifetime and fleece quality traits associated with the occurrence of entangled Mohair staples
Small Ruminant Research, 2020Co-Authors: B A Mcgregor, K L ButlerAbstract:Staple entanglement in Mohair fleeces occurs when adhesions form between longer and faster growing fibres and shorter and slower growing fibres. This results in accentuated crimp of the longer fibres and an "apparently" reduced staple length. The appearance in the fleece of Angora goats of staple entanglements can lead to the downgrading of the Mohair to poorer style and shorter length grades, resulting in up to 60% price reductions. This study examined how staple entanglement score (SES) is related to lifetime factors of Angora goats, and how this relationship can be explained by variations in animal size and fleece attributes. SES was scored using a five-point scale: 5, long free fibres easily separated as no adhesions; 4, some adhesions between fibres; 3, some effort to separate fibres as many adhesions; 2, many adhesions, staple fibres entangled, shortening of staple; 1, very entangled and shortened staple. Measurements were made over 9 shearing periods on a population of Angora castrated males (wethers) goats representing the current range and diversity of genetic origins in Australia, including South African, Texan and interbred admixtures of these and Australian sources. Data on genetic origin, sire, dam, date of birth, dam age, birth weight, birth parity, weaning weight, live weight, fleece growth and fleece attributes were recorded. Two restricted maximum likelihood (REML) models were developed to relate SES with age, animal lifetime factors, fleece quality attributes and live weight. One model allowed fleece quality and live weight traits in the model and the other excluded these traits. Staple entanglement was almost eliminated in Mohair harvested from goats shorn every 3. months but was common in Mohair from goats shorn twice or once per year. SES was less in goats of Texan genetic background, and was generally less in winter grown Mohair. SES was higher for Mohair with low fibre curvature (FC, 10°/mm) and a high clean washing yield (CWY, 90%) compared with Mohair with low FC and lower CWY (80%), and compared with all Mohair with high FC (18°/mm). The response of SES to shearing regime, genetic background, shearing season, age of goat and a response to dam age were almost identical whether or not an adjustment was made for CWY and FC. There was a moderate amount of variability due to sires and individuals. We can conclude that a large part of these effects observed, namely breed, dam age, sire, and a component of the FC and CWY effects, are genetic. Mohair producers can manage the genetic effects by careful selection of sires, especially avoiding those with low CWY or high FC, and avoiding sires with higher levels of staple entanglement or that have produced progeny with higher levels of staple entanglement. Also, unidentified environmental effects are affecting staple entanglement, although a lack of a live weight change effect on entanglement indicates that this effect might not be due to nutrition. © 2013 Elsevier B.V
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SHORT NOTE (NOTA CORTA) DEVELOPMENT OF STRATEGIES TO INCREASE COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION OF Mohair AND CASHMERE IN AUSTRALIA (DESARROLLO DE ESTRATEGIAS PARA INCREMENTAR LA PRODUCCIÓN COMERCIAL DE Mohair Y CASHMERE EN AUSTRALIA)
2020Co-Authors: B A Mcgregor, S. ChaffeyAbstract:SUMMARY We aimed to identify impediments to investing into Mohair and cashmere production and to suggest programs and strategies to attract investors. Targeted interviews of people focussed on attributes of an investment opportunity. Analysis differentiated views of small and large-scale producers and those not involved in these industries. Potential investors into Mohair and cashmere make decisions based on the compatibility of the enterprise to their farm system, the technical, financial and market feasibility of the enterprise and its comparative advantage with other possible courses of action. They are sceptical of information coming from within these industries that is not sufficiently supported by fact. There are many implications from these findings including the need for the industries to: understand the investment decision process; provide objective financial and benchmarking data; make information more accessible; overcome resistance to these industries; and increase the visibility of the industries.
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the effects of mid pregnancy and postnatal nutrition birth parity and sex on angora goat live weight gain skin follicle development Mohair physical properties and fleece value
Small Ruminant Research, 2018Co-Authors: B A Mcgregor, A M HowseAbstract:Abstract There is little information on permanent effects of nutritional manipulation of Angora does on the development of skin follicles of their progeny in utero and during the early postnatal period. This report investigates the combined effects of 3 levels of mid pregnancy nutrition (MPN) × 2 levels of postnatal nutrition during lactation (PNN) on skin follicle development and the subsequent physical properties and value of Mohair until 19 months of age. Does were housed in individual pens in an outdoor feedlot from day 47 of pregnancy until 13 weeks postpartum. Kids grazed pasture following weaning at 16 weeks. MPN treatments commenced from day 47 as follows: Control (C), does fed to lose live weight (−67 g/d); Maintenance (M), does fed to maintain live weight; Supplemented (S), does fed to gain live weight at 102 g/d. From days 105 of pregnancy until 4 days postpartum the feeding level was ad libitum for all treatments. From 4 days postpartum PNN treatments were: ad libitum (AL) to allow maximum ME intake resulting in doe live weight gain throughout lactation; Restricted (R) to 70% of AL, resulting in doe live weight loss until week 10 of lactation. Kid skin biopsy samples were taken at birth, 114, 180 and 420 days of age. Fleeces were harvested at 7, 13 and 19 months of age and tested for physical properties. Commercial value of Mohair was determined using known price discount responses and measured mean fibre diameter (MFD). Improving MPN increased kid live weight up to 6 months of age. Improving PNN increased kid live weight between 1–6 months of age. The ratio of secondary to primary skin follicles increased from 2.56 ± 0.83 at birth to 9.32 ± 1.41 at 4 months of age. The density of secondary follicles, total secondary follicle number and ratio of secondary to primary follicles were affected by significant interactions between MPN and PNN, with treatments S-AL, C-AL and M-R being higher than other treatments. Improving PNN increased total greasy and clean Mohair production by 5%. Average MFD was affected by interactions between MPN and PNN, with treatment S-AL having Mohair 1.8 μm finer than S-R and C-AL. Improving both MPN and PNN reduced lifetime MFD. Staple length was affected by interactions between MPN and PNN, treatments with the finest Mohair having shorter staples. The first fleece weight was affected by birth parity and sex of progeny, but not subsequent fleeces. The MFD of the second and third fleeces for female kids were 0.9–2.2 μm coarser compared with male kid fleeces. Interactions between MPN and PNN affected lifetime fleece value with S-AL producing 20% higher value fleeces compared with other treatments. There are preferred nutritional combinations for breeding Angora does which permanently increase the skin follicle population and consequently improve the lifetime physical properties and value of the Mohair grown by their progeny.
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physical chemical and tensile properties of cashmere Mohair alpaca and other rare animal fibers
Handbook of properties of textile and technical fibres, 2018Co-Authors: B A McgregorAbstract:Abstract The chapter introduces animal fibers other than sheep wool. These fibers include cashmere, Mohair, qiviut (musk ox), alpaca, llama, vicuna, guanaco, Bactrian camel, yak, bison, and angora (rabbit). Building on the information for wool in the previous chapter the differences in the chemical and physical properties of rare animal fibers are summarized. The importance of different cuticle scale properties and the presence of medulla on fiber properties such as lustre and friction, textile manufacturing especially dehairing, and textile quality are described. Tensile properties of raw fiber, dehaired slivers, tops, yarns, and fabrics are summarized particularly for Mohair, cashmere, and alpaca. The effect of physical properties on the softness, feltability, and dyeing responses of these fibers are examined.
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the effects of nutrition and parity on the development and productivity of angora goats 2 effects of six combinations of mid pregnancy and postnatal nutrition on energy intake and doe live weight body condition and Mohair production
Small Ruminant Research, 2017Co-Authors: B A McgregorAbstract:Abstract There is little research on the nutrient requirements and the effects of nutrient manipulation on the productivity of lactating Angora does. The study design investigated the combined effects of 3 levels of mid pregnancy nutrition (MPN) × 2 levels of postnatal nutrition during lactation (PNN) with both single and twin bearing does, providing 6 nutrition patterns. Following artificial insemination and pregnancy scanning, does were fed pelleted rations in individual pens in an outdoor feedlot from day 47 of pregnancy until 13 weeks following kidding. MPN treatments commenced from day 47 as follows: Control (C), fed to lose live weight (–67 g/day); Maintenance (M), does fed to maintain live weight; Supplemented (S), does fed to gain live weight at 102 g/day. From days 105 of pregnancy until 4 days postpartum the feeding level was ad libitum for all treatments. From 4 days postpartum PNN treatments were: ad libitum (AL) to allow maximum ME intake; Restricted (R) to 70% of AL. This report is concerned with the responses from kidding to weaning for energy intake, live weight, body condition score (BSC) and Mohair production. In AL treatments, maximum ME intake was reached during weeks 5–10 of lactation as follows: twin rearing does 3.88 × maintenance; single rearing does 3.25 × maintenance. No interaction occurred between MPN and PNN in affecting doe live weight. PNN significantly affected doe live weight from week 2 until weaning with AL does gaining 97 g/day from kidding to week 5 and thereafter 28 g/day. R fed does lost 40 g/day from kidding to week 10 and thereafter gained 38 g/day. By week 4 of lactation twin rearing does were 4 kg lighter than single rearing does. The change in BCS from just prior to kidding to day 90 of lactation was affected by an interaction between MPN and PNN. BSC of does fed M-R and S-R declined to a greater extent than does fed C-R, while the BCS for C-AL and M-AL increased to that of S-AL, which had remained constant at a high BCS. By day 21 of lactation the effects of PNN were significant, with AL does having significantly higher BCS than R does and the differences increased as lactation progressed. The BCS of single rearing does fed AL increased progressively, while the BCS of all other does declined. By the end of lactation, R does had significantly lower BCS than twin rearing does fed AL, which in turn had a significantly lower BCS compared with single rearing AL fed does. Significant interactions between MPN and PNN affected Mohair growth, clean washing yield, Mohair fibre diameter, incidence of medullated non kemp fibres and staple length. For fleece weight, S-AL and M-AL had heavier greasy and clean fleece weight compared with S-R and M-R with the other treatments intermediate. Similarly, the mean fibre diameter of S-AL was 2.4 μm coarser than that of M-R, with other treatments being intermediate. For both greasy and clean fleece weight, twin rearing does produced 14% less Mohair than single rearing does. For R fed twin rearing does, the Mohair had greater fibre diameter variability compared with other does. Overall, PNN had a greater number of and larger effects on measured parameters than MPN. Restricting nutrition in lactation was shown to depress doe live weight, BCS and the growth of Mohair. Lactating Angora does rapidly changed their live weight and BCS in response to ME provision. To maintain live weight during lactation ME intakes of 3 × maintenance were required. Twin rearing does required an additional 0.5 × maintenance ME requirement compared with single rearing does. Does can gain live weight and BCS during lactation provided they are fed sufficiently. The preferred nutritional practice should allow maximum ME intake at least until week 6 of lactation.
C J Lupton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparison of three systems for concurrent production of high quality Mohair and meat from angora male kids
Small Ruminant Research, 2008Co-Authors: C J Lupton, F A Pfeiffer, J E Huston, J W Hruska, B F Craddock, W L PolkAbstract:Abstract Castrated Angora kids ( n = 210, initial BW = 25.4 ± 4.0 kg) approximately 7 months of age were used in two consecutive years (2002 and 2003) to evaluate three production systems and coats in terms of animal performance, carcass traits, Mohair production and quality, and production costs. In both years, half the animals were assigned to an innovative feeding system (RF) that consisted of an open-sided barn having a raised, slatted floor, and the remaining goats were assigned in equal numbers to traditional feedlot (FL) and pasture (P) systems. Half the goats in each system were fitted with coats. Treatments and coat groups were blocked by body weight. The FL and RF goats had ad libitum access to rations formulated to produce high and moderate growth rates, respectively. Goats in the P treatment were supplemented three times a week to produce moderate growth. After shearing, fleeces were weighed and fully characterized using objective measurements. In 2002 (only), the goats were slaughtered and carcass traits were measured. The rations and supplements were formulated to produce weight gains and fleece weights that should have ranked FL > RF ≥ P. In fact, the FL and RF goats gained faster and grew more than the P goats. Overall gain rates were 124, 61, and 135 g/day for FL, P, and RF, respectively, while corresponding shorn body weights were 37, 30, and 38 kg. The larger animals in the FL and RF systems produced more Mohair than goats in the P system (3.3 kg versus 2.8 kg, greasy). Mohair from RF goats was coarser than that from P goats (31.5 μm versus 29.6 μm) and contained lower curvature (18.8°/mm versus 20.6°/mm). System did not affect any of the other measured traits including scoured yield, Mohair production efficiency (Mohair production/kg BW), medullation, staple length, or any of the measures of trait variability (CV). System had no effect on dressing percentage but the consistent trend for carcass weight, back fat thickness, and body wall thickness, was consistent with live weights, FL = RF > P. As planned, coated produced higher yielding (74% versus 71%) fleeces compared to those from uncoated animals. Coats did not affect any other measured trait. Fiber and meat production were most expensive in the RF system and least expensive in the P system. Even with coats, Mohair produced in the FL and P systems was not clean enough to qualify for the hand spinner niche market. The RF coated fleeces exhibited exceptional visual cleanliness that permitted them to be sold for several multiples of the prevailing Mohair commodity price.
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prediction of clean Mohair fiber diameter vegetable matter and medullated fiber with near infrared spectroscopy
Journal of Animal Science, 1999Co-Authors: S W Coleman, C J Lupton, F A Pfeiffer, D L Minikhiem, S P HartAbstract:: Four experiments were conducted in three separate years to test the utility of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict the clean Mohair content of Angora goat fleece. Mohair fleece samples were obtained each year from yearling billies at the conclusion of the Angora Goat Performance Test conducted at the Texas A&M University Research Station, Sonora. In Exp. 1 (n = 293) and Exp. 2 (n = 256), fleeces were scanned with a Pacific Scientific (Silver Spring, MD) near-infrared spectrometer fitted with a fiber-optic probe, and calibrations were developed for clean Mohair content. In Exp. 3, 59 Mohair fleeces collected at the Texas A&M Research Station in San Angelo were sampled four times each. Each sample was scanned with the same spectrometer in reflectance mode fitted with a transport mechanism. This mechanism allowed the instrument to scan a 15-cm2 segment of the fleece sample. Conventional procedures to determine reference values for Mohair yield, vegetable matter content, fiber diameter, and percentage of medullated and kemp fibers were conducted. Prediction equations were developed that related NIR spectra to reference values for yield and diameter parameters and were used to predict Mohair characteristics for each fleece sample. The predicted and reference values were subjected to a simple analysis of variance to determine variation within and across samples. In Exp. 1, Mohair base was related to NIR spectra with R2 = .46 and standard error of calibration (SEC) = 2.84%. In Exp. 2, similar repeatability errors for Mohair base could be obtained for both reference- and NIRS-derived values. Fiber diameter and medullated fibers were poorly related to NIR spectra. When samples were scanned using the transport mechanism (Exp. 3), R2 and SEC were .82 and 1.19% for Mohair base and .93 and .98 microm for fiber diameter, respectively. The CV for Mohair base and diameter were 1.0 and 1.4%, whereas those for predicted Mohair base and diameter were 1.4 and 3.4%, respectively. The increased variation within samples for predicted values represents sampling error and lack of fit between NIRS and the laboratory determined values. When the samples from Exp. 1 and 2 were rescanned with the NIRS transport (Exp. 4), R2 and SEC were .79 and 2.03% for Mohair base and .52 and 3.49 microm for fiber diameter. The fiber optic probe would facilitate real-time analysis on the shearing floor, but our data indicate that the spectral limitations so far are too severe. A large sample device such as the transport gave excellent results for predicting Mohair base and fiber diameter.
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measurement of medullation in wool and Mohair using an optical fibre diameter analyser
Journal of Animal Science, 1998Co-Authors: C J Lupton, F A PfeifferAbstract:: We conducted three experiments to evaluate the Optical Fibre Diameter Analyser (OFDA) for estimating medullation (med [M], kemp [K], and total [T] medullated fiber content) in Mohair and wool produced by Angora goats and sheep, respectively. Medullation can be a beneficial characteristic in certain types of wool, but it is highly undesirable in Mohair and apparel wools. Current techniques for evaluating medullation in animal fibers are laborious, slow, and expensive. The OFDA had been modified by the manufacturer to measure fiber opacity distribution, a characteristic known to be indicative of medullation in white fibers, and was capable of providing such measurements in a very short time. Measurements made on magnified fiber images produced with a projection microscope (PM) were used as a reference for M, K, and T in fiber samples. An initial experiment with 124 Mohair samples (T = .10 to 9.10%) seemed to indicate that OFDA estimates of M, K, and T were only poorly correlated with corresponding PM values (r2 = .5409, .1401, and .5576, respectively). However, a second experiment using wool and Mohair samples containing a wider range of medullation (T = .58 to 26.54%) revealed that OFDA estimates of M, K, and T for wool were highly correlated with PM measurements (r2 = .9853, .9307, and .9728, respectively). Evidence was also obtained indicating that the low r2 values associated with Mohair relationships were likely due to a combination of factors: 1) high variation among the standard PM measurements and 2) the relatively low M, K, and T contents of the Mohair samples compared with wool. In a third experiment, greater accuracy was obtained in the PM measurements by evaluating many more individual fibers per sample (10,000). In this case, OFDA estimates of M, K, and T for Mohair were highly correlated with corresponding PM measurements (r2 = .8601, .9939, and .9696, respectively). However, the two sets of linear regression equations obtained for wool and Mohair were somewhat different, indicating that separate calculations should be used to estimate PM measurements from OFDA data. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the OFDA instrument is capable of providing relatively fast, accurate, and potentially less expensive estimates of medullated fiber characteristics in Mohair and wool.
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prospects for expanded Mohair and cashmere production and processing in the united states of america
Journal of Animal Science, 1996Co-Authors: C J LuptonAbstract:: Mohair from Angora goats has been produced in the United States since the introduction of these animals from Turkey in 1849. Cashmere on Texas meat goats was reported in 1973, but domestic interest in commercial production did not occur until the mid-1980s. Since 1982, the average prices of U.S.-produced Mohair and cashmere (de-haired) have ranged from $1.81 to $9.48/kg and approximately $55 to $200/kg, respectively. However, return to producers from Mohair has been relatively constant, averaging $10.21/kg, due to the federal incentive program. Because this program is scheduled to terminate with final payment in 1996, the future of Mohair profitability is questionable. Prospects for expanded Mohair and cashmere production and processing in the United States are influenced by numerous interacting factors and potential constraints. These include the prospect that the goat and textile industries may no longer be profitable in the absence of clear government policies. Although selection may have slightly increased fiber production by Angoras (long term) and domestic meat goats (short term), availability of genetic resources may prove to be a constraint to increased fiber production by cashmere goats and improved meat production by both types of goat. Land resources are plentiful unless new government policies prohibit goats from vast tracts of rangeland and forest because of environmental concerns. Future demand is an unknown, but with increasing world population and affluence, prospects for long-term improved demand for luxury fibers seem good. Competition from foreign cashmere growers is expected, whereas, in the short term, Mohair production overseas is declining. However, increased processing of cashmere in its country of origin is expected to result in shortages of raw materials for European and U.S. processors. The amount of scouring, worsted, and woolen equipment in the United States is adequate to accommodate major increases in domestic processing of goat fibers. However, the absence of specific processing knowledge and skills may be constraints. Similarly, the absence of acceptable small-scale dehairing equipment for cashmere will limit cashmere processing on a cottage industry scale. Purely practical considerations such as the effects of predation and cost of fencing could become major constraints to expanding the goat fiber industry. Likewise the success (or lack thereof) of industry promotion of fiber and goat meat could be an overriding factor. To emerge from the uncertainty of erratic raw material prices and to better control profitability, domestic goat-fiber producers are encouraged to consider innovative, cooperative, retained ownership business ventures that will permit them to profit-share up to the retail level.
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sulfate supplementation of angora goats metabolic and Mohair responses
Journal of Animal Science, 1992Co-Authors: C D Lu, K Qi, F N Owens, C J LuptonAbstract:: Eight castrated male Angora goats were used in a repeated, simultaneous 4 x 4 Latin square designed experiment to evaluate metabolic and Mohair responses of Angora goats to sulfate supplementation. Goats had ad libitum access to isonitrogenous diets containing a .16 (basal), .23, .29, or .34% S (DM basis), which yielded N:S ratios of 12.7, 8.3, 6.8, or 5.5:1. Feed intakes were not affected (P greater than .20) by dietary S level. Quadratic increases (P less than .05) to S supplementation were observed in grease and clean Mohair production, grease and clean staple strength, and staple length. Mohair diameter, med fiber, kemp fiber, S, and cysteine contents were not affected (P greater than .05) by supplemental S. Averaged across the prefeeding, 2, 4, and 6 h postprandial sampling times, ruminal pH, ammonia N, total S, organic S, protein S, and plasma urea N and organic S concentrations were quadratically increased (P less than .05) by supplemental S. Ruminal sulfate S, total sulfide S, and plasma sulfate S were linearly increased (P less than .05) by supplemental S. Retention of N and Mohair S yield exhibited quadratic increases (P less than .05), but S retention exhibited a linear increase (P less than .001) with increased S intake. Calculated by regression, the optimum dietary S concentration for maximum clean Mohair production was .267% of dietary DM for a N:S ratio of 7.2:1, suggesting that the National Research Council N:S ratio of 10:1 is inadequate for Angora goats. The optimum level of digestible S was calculated to be .18% of the diet DM.
J M Fernandez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dietary protein effects on and the relationship between milk production and Mohair growth in angora does
Small Ruminant Research, 1999Co-Authors: T Sahlu, S P Hart, H Carneiro, H El M Shaer, J M Fernandez, A L GoetschAbstract:Abstract Twenty-eight Angora does in week 3 through week 16 of lactation (with kids removed; 41 ± 0.9 kg initial BW) were given ad libitum access to a 67% concentrate diet with four formulated (DM basis) levels of CP ranging from 9% to 18% to study the relationship between, and dietary CP level effects on, milk production and Mohair growth in different periods of lactation. Dry matter intake did not differ among treatments ( p > 0.10) in all but one 2-week period, and CP intake increased linearly ( p P = 0.09) with increasing the dietary CP concentration (548, 605, 926, and 757 g/d; SE = 124). Mohair growth was 1.25, 1.37, 1.05, and 1.55 mg/(cm 2 d −1 ) for 9%, 12%, 15%, and 18% CP, respectively (SE = 0.146). Within 2-week periods, CP intake was not related ( p > 0.10) to Mohair growth; however, intake of CP was fairly consistently correlated with milk production in each 2-week period (overall r = 0.59; p r = −0.55; p p > 0.10). Dietary CP level did not markedly impact the negative relationship between milk production and Mohair growth. In conclusion, milk production and Mohair growth were inversely related in mid-lactation but not in early or late stages, and dietary CP level did not alter the relationship between milk production and Mohair growth. Under these conditions, varying dietary CP level did not overcome partitioning of nutrients to milk synthesis or increase Mohair growth by lactating Angora does.
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effect of intraperitoneal administration of lysine and methionine on Mohair yield and quality in angora goats
Journal of Animal Science, 1992Co-Authors: T Sahlu, J M FernandezAbstract:: Eight mature Angora wethers (average BW 47.2 kg) were used in a 4 x 4 replicated Latin square design to evaluate responses to intraperitoneal (IP) administration of amino acids. The IP treatments consisted of saline (Control), methionine 1 g/d (Met), lysine 2 g/d (Lys), and methionine + lysine (Met + Lys). The amino acids dissolved in Control were infused continuously for the first 14 d of each 28-d period using peristaltic infusion pumps. Average d-28 grease and clean Mohair yields (grams/100 square centimeters), and fiber diameter (micrometers) and length (centimeters) measurements during Control administration were 8.8, 7.6, 40, and 2.3, respectively. Mean clean Mohair yield and fiber diameter increased by 5.3% (P less than .039) and 2.5% (P less than .067), respectively, with Met administration but were decreased by 9.2% (P less than .033) and 3.8% (P less than .001), respectively, by Lys administration; however, mean fiber length was increased (P less than .014) 21.7% by Lys infusion. The goats did not exhibit increased grease (P greater than .939) and clean (P greater than .477) Mohair yields and fiber diameter (P greater than .619) when treated with Met+Lys. A N balance trial was conducted during d 10 through 14 of each period. Total retained N (grams per day) during Control administration was 18.4 and 24% greater than Met (P greater than .281) and Lys (P less than .061), respectively. When expressed as a proportion of N intake, retained N was lowest (P less than .127) in the Lys infusion group. Jugular blood ammonia N and plasma glucose and total protein concentrations were not affected (P greater than .10) by treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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dietary protein level and ruminal degradability for Mohair production in angora goats
Journal of Animal Science, 1992Co-Authors: T Sahlu, J M Fernandez, C D Lu, R ManningAbstract:Twenty-eight Angora goat doelings (average BW 22.1 kg) were used in a 150-d study to examine the effects of dietary CP level and degradability on Mohair fiber production. A 2 x 2 factorial arrangement was instituted using con- ventional, solvent-extracted soybean meal (high degradability) or expelled, heat-treated soybean meal (low degradability) incorporated into low- (12%) or high- (19%) CP diets. Grease and clean Mohair weights were greater (P .lo) by dietary CP level. Clean Mohair weight tended (P .lo) by CP level or degradability, whereas DMI increased (P .lo) by diet. Ruminal ammonia N concentration increased (P e .05) as CP level in the diet increased, and postprandial changes in concentra- tions were less noticeable in the group fed ex- pelled, heat-treated soybean meal. Plasma urea N (P e .001) and total protein (P e .01) concentration increased as dietary CP level increased. Plasma glucose was elevated (P < .001) 2 h after feeding in the goats fed conventional, solvent-extracted soy- bean meal, whereas glucagon concentrations were greater at 0 and 4 h in the group fed expelled, heat-treated soybean meal. This study demon- strates the inverse relationship between the qual- ity and quantity of Mohair fiber produced, and how fiber characteristics can be affected by dietary CP level and degradability.
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Trial-production of homespun with Sichuan Mohair
Wool textile journal, 2020Co-Authors: Li YiAbstract:Based on the natural characters of Sichuan Mohair, the authors successfully produced full Sichuan Mohair homespun which is soft, elastic and brilliant, all physical properties accord with FZ/T24002 93 standards with the method of worsted process but fancy woollen impression. Experts of spinning and farming unanimously deem it has keeps the natural special style of Mohair. It also reveals that the yield of Sichuan Mohair is lower.
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Research On Sichuan Mohair Wool Trial-making
Journal of Chengdu Textile College, 2020Co-Authors: Li YiAbstract:Based on the quality characteristics of Sichuan Mohair wool, the authors succeeded in producing pure wool, which is very soft, elastic and looks very good. It was also assessed by the textile and farming experts, qualified in the special style of Mohair wool. The making also reveals that the level of Sichuan Mohair making technique is very low. One of the key processes is to decrease its dropping rate and making cost.
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Textile technological properties and woolens development of Mohair in Sichuan
Journal of Southwest University, 2020Co-Authors: Li YiAbstract:The technological properties and weaving experiment for Mohair in Sichuan are studied in this paper. The results show: (1)The average fineness of wool fibre on body side of F3, according to the national grade, belongs to the special grade, and the rate of unevenness of which is only 10.6%; The staple length of F2 and F3 comes to the special grade of the national standard; The fibre of F1, F2 and F3 possesses the characters including strong strength and elongation at break of wool fibre, powerful wool hygroscopicity and small fritional coefficient etc. (2)The luster of woollen blankets and woolens made from the wool of Mohair is very brilliant and beautiful. Magnificent and elegant things like rigid cotton woolen cloth and woollen sweaters are in accord with the national standard.
