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D. Morgavi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bacterial diversity dynamics in rumen epithelium of Wethers fed forage and mixed concentrate forage diets
Veterinary Microbiology, 2010Co-Authors: Sophie Sadetbourgeteau, C. Martin, D. MorgaviAbstract:Abstract Cereal-rich diets used in ruminant intensive production can affect the physiology of the rumen wall but little is known about the changes induced to the epimural bacterial community. Dynamics in epimural bacteria was monitored by PCR-DGGE on four Wethers fed forage for 20 weeks (constant diet) and on four Wethers fed successively forage, a high concentrate diet (65% wheat) and forage for 4, 8 and 8 weeks, respectively (variable diet group). In the constant diet group, no changes were observed throughout time. In contrast, in the variable diet group, the community tended to differ between high concentrate and forage samples (P = 0.06). For both groups, the structure of the community was strongly associated to individual hosts (P = 0.001). This difference between individuals could have masked the effect of cereal on the variable diet group. To get more information on the phylotypes present, 120 16S rDNA gene clones were sequenced from the rumen epithelium of a wether fed forage and cereal-rich diets. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the predominant phyla but the bacterial types detected were in general different from those commonly found in rumen contents with a high proportion of Proteobacteria (14%) in the rumen epithelium. In the forage periods, Firmicutes represented nearly 50% of the total epimural community and Bacteroidetes were about 33%, while in the concentrate-rich diet period these percentages were inversed (P
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Bacterial diversity dynamics in rumen epithelium of Wethers fed forage and mixed concentrate forage diets
Veterinary Microbiology, 2010Co-Authors: Sophie Sadet-bourgeteau, C. Martin, B. Meunier, D. MorgaviAbstract:Cereal-rich diets used in ruminant intensive production can affect the physiology of the rumen wall but little is known about the changes induced to the epimural bacterial community. Dynamics in epimural bacteria was monitored by PCR-DGGE on four Wethers fed forage for 20 weeks (constant diet) and on four Wethers fed successively forage, a high concentrate diet (65% wheat) and forage for 4, 8 and 8 weeks, respectively (variable diet group). In the constant diet group, no changes were observed throughout time. In contrast, in the variable diet group, the community tended to differ between high concentrate and forage samples (P = 0.06). For both groups, the structure of the community was strongly associated to individual hosts (P = 0.001). This difference between individuals could have masked the effect of cereal on the variable diet group. To get more information on the phylotypes present, 120 16S rDNA gene clones were sequenced from the rumen epithelium of a wether fed forage and cereal-rich diets. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the predominant phyla but the bacterial types detected were in general different from those commonly found in rumen contents with a high proportion of Proteobacteria (14%) in the rumen epithelium. In the forage periods, Firmicutes represented nearly 50% of the total epimural community and Bacteroidetes were about 33%, while in the concentrate-rich diet period these percentages were inversed (P < 0.05). Clone libraries seemed more sensitive than PCR-DGGE to study the bacteria attached to the rumen epithelium. The role of epimural bacteria on ruminant's health needs further investigation.
T. P. Lanyasunya - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sorghum almum]
2015Co-Authors: Efecto De Commelina Benghalensis, T. P. Lanyasunya, E. A. Mukisira, S. T. Kariuki, Suplementos Proteico, Sobre El Comportamiento, Ovinos Dorper, Alimentados Con, E. D. IlatsiaAbstract:days to examine effect of vetch (Vicia villosa), Commelina benghalensis and Lucerne (Medicago sativa) used as protein supplements on growth rate and feed intake of Dorper sheep Wethers fed Sorghum almum. A total of 24 Wethers (5 ± 0.32 months; 17.3 ± 2.58 kg BW) in a randomized complete block design were used (4 treatments, 6 Wethers each). Treatments were: In control diet (D1), 4 kg fresh Sorghum almum (of about 158.8 g DM/kg) was fed as sole diet ( ≈ 635 g DM/wether/d), whereas diets D2, D3 and D4, daily ration comprised of S. almum (about 508 g DM/d) + 127 g DM/d pre-wilted C. benghalensis, vetch hay and Lucerne hay, respectively. The mean ADG of Wethers in D1 was lower than those recorded by Wethers in D2, D3 and D4 (P < 0.0001). The mean DM intake in D1 was also lower (P < 0.0001). Results indicate that C. benghalensis, vetch and Lucerne improved the overall performance of the Wethers
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the potential of commelina benghalensis as a forage for ruminants
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2008Co-Authors: T. P. Lanyasunya, E. A. Mukisira, S. T. Kariuki, H.r. Wang, S. A. Abdulrazak, N.k. Kibitok, J. O. OndiekAbstract:To evaluate the potential of Commelina benghalensis as a forage for ruminants, effects of plant maturity on chemical composition, rumen degradability as well as its increased dietary inclusion level on intake, digestibility and N balance in sheep fed Sorghum almum were investigated with forage obtained from the wild, re-established and harvested at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of growth. Composite herbage samples were analyzed for dry matter (DM), chemical components, total extractable phenolics (TEP) and amino acid content. In sacco rumen degradability measurements used six individually confined Wethers (8 ± 0.5 months of age; 21 ± 2.6 kg live-weight (LW)) fitted with rumen cannulae and fed a ration of 3:1 fresh S. almum and Medicago sativa hay (about 1:2 on a DM basis). In sacco bags containing 5 g each of dry herbage were inserted into the rumen and withdrawn sequentially after 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h. Metabolizable energy (ME) was estimated from 24 h in vitro gas production. In the digestibility study, 12 Wethers fitted with rumen canula were housed in metabolic crates and allotted to four treatment diets (i. e., D0, D10, D20 and D30) constituted from fresh S. almum and pre-wilted C. benghalensis in a randomized complete block design. The control diet (D0) was 3 kg fresh S. almum (≈535.5 g DM/wether/d about 30 g/kg LW), whereas D10, D20 and D30 were D0 +300, 600 or 900 g of wilted C. benghalensis (≈34, 68 or about 102 g DM/wether/d), respectively. The study lasted for 21 d. Dry matter, fibre and TEP content increased (P<0.001) with maturity of the forage, whereas those of CP and EE decreased (P<0.0001) over the same period. Amino acids (AA) also declined with maturity (P<0.05). Rumen degradability of DM and OM were unaffected, but DM intake increased linearly (P<0.0001) at a decreasing rate (Q: P<0.05) and DM digestibility (DMD) and N intake increased linearly (P<0.01 and P<0.0001, respectively) as level of C. benghalensis in the diet increased. Results indicate that advancing maturity affected chemical composition, but not rumen degradability, of C. benghalensis and also demonstrated that inclusion of C. benghalensis in S. almum diet improved intake, digestibility and N intake, suggesting its potential use as a feed supplement.
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effects of commelina benghalensis vicia sativa and medicago sativa used as protein supplements on performance of dorper sheep fed sorghum almum efecto de commelina benghalensis vicia sativa y medicago sativa como suplementos proteico sobre el comport
2007Co-Authors: T. P. Lanyasunya, E. A. Mukisira, S. T. Kariuki, E. D. IlatsiaAbstract:This study was conducted in Naivasha, Kenya over 84 days to examine effect of vetch (Vicia villosa), Commelina benghalensis and Lucerne (Medicago sativa) used as protein supplements on growth rate and feed intake of Dorper sheep Wethers fed Sorghum almum. A total of 24 Wethers (5 ± 0.32 months; 17.3 ± 2.58 kg BW) in a randomized complete block design were used (4 treatments, 6 Wethers each). Treatments were: In control diet (D1), 4 kg fresh Sorghum almum (of about 158.8 g DM/kg) was fed as sole diet (≈ 635 g DM/wether/d), whereas diets D2, D3 and D4, daily ration comprised of S. almum (about 508 g DM/d) + 127 g DM/d pre-wilted C. benghalensis, vetch hay and Lucerne hay, respectively. The mean ADG of Wethers in D1 was lower than those recorded by Wethers in D2, D3 and D4 (P < 0.0001). The mean DM intake in D1 was also lower (P < 0.0001). Results indicate that C. benghalensis, vetch and Lucerne improved the overall performance of the Wethers.
Ricardo Andrade Reis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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inoculation of corn silage with lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus subtilis associated with amylolytic enzyme supply at feeding 1 feed intake apparent digestibility and microbial protein synthesis in Wethers
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2018Co-Authors: E. C. Lara, Carlos Henrique Silveira Rabelo, Uly Carneiro Bragiato, Juliana Duarte Messana, Ricardo Andrade ReisAbstract:Abstract The current study aimed to investigate the effects of corn silage inoculation and dietary supplementation with amylolytic enzymes, and their interactions, on feed intake, apparent digestibility, and microbial protein synthesis in Wethers. Whole-crop corn forage was ensiled either with water (untreated) or with Lactobacillus plantarum MA 18/5U at 1 × 10 5 cfu/g fresh forage combined with Bacillus subtilis AT553098 at 1 × 10 5 cfu/g fresh forage (inoculated). Eight ruminally cannulated Dorper × Santa Ines crossbred Wethers were used in a double 4 × 4 Latin square design. Wethers were assigned to one of four diets, as follows: 1) untreated corn silage with no amylolytic enzyme supply (US-NE); 2) untreated corn silage with amylolytic enzyme supply (US-WE); 3) inoculated corn silage with no amylolytic enzyme supply (IS-NE); and 4) inoculated corn silage with amylolytic enzyme supply (IS-WE). α-Amylase (602 dextrinizing units/kg of dry matter (DM)) was supplied to the Wethers at total mixed ration delivery. Dietary supplementation with amylolytic enzyme increased ( P = 0.045) DM and starch ( P = 0.014) intake in Wethers fed the US diet (+245 and +136 g/d, respectively), but not in those fed the IS diet. Inoculation of corn silage ( P = 0.026) improved organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (aNDFom), and gross energy (GE) digestibility by 5.3%, 11.5%, 25.8%, and 7.1%, respectively. Likewise, enzyme supply increased ( P = 0.042) the apparent digestibility of DM, OM, CP, aNDFom, and GE by 5.1%, 4.7%, 9.4%, 20.7%, and 6.2%, respectively. Enzyme supply increased the molar proportion of propionic acid ( P = 0.002; 24.1 vs. 19.6 mM / 100 mM) in Wethers fed the US diet, but not in those fed the IS diet. Enzyme supply decreased microbial N synthesis ( P = 0.025; 6.33 vs. 8.05 g/d) when the Wethers were fed the IS diet, but not the US diet. In conclusion, despite the improved OM digestibility, dietary supplementation with amylolytic enzyme yielded inconsistent results with respect to feed intake and microbial protein synthesis in Wethers fed diets differing in the use of silage inoculant.
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effects of lactobacillus buchneri as a silage inoculant and as a probiotic on feed intake apparent digestibility and ruminal fermentation and microbiology in Wethers fed low dry matter whole crop maize silage
Grass and Forage Science, 2018Co-Authors: Carlos Henrique Silveira Rabelo, Fernanda Carvalho Basso, E. C. Lara, Campbell J L Harter, L G O Jorge, Luis Felipe Prada E Silva, L G Mesquita, Ricardo Andrade ReisAbstract:Lactobacillus buchneri was investigated as a silage inoculant and as a probiotic on feed intake, apparent digestibility, and ruminal fermentation and microbiology in Wethers fed low-dry-matter (DM) whole-crop maize silage. Maize forage (279 g/kg DM) was ensiled without inoculant (untreated) and with L. buchneri CNCM I-4323 at 1 × 105 cfu/g fresh forage (inoculated). Six cannulated Wethers were arranged in a double 3 × 3 Latin square and assigned to one of three diets: (i) untreated maize silage (untreated), (ii) inoculated maize silage (inoculated), and (iii) untreated maize silage with a daily dose of L. buchneri (1 × 107 cfu/g supplied silage) injected directly into the rumen (LB-probiotic). Wethers fed the inoculated diet had a higher (p = .050) DM intake (1.30% body weight [BW]) than Wethers fed untreated and LB-probiotic diets (1.17% and 1.18% BW respectively). The relative proportion of Ruminococcus flavefaciens (proportion of total estimated rumen bacterial 16S rDNA) in the rumen of Wethers fed inoculated and LB-probiotic diets (both 0.42%) tended (p = .098) to be lower than in the untreated diet (0.83%). Lactobacillus buchneri as a silage inoculant or as a probiotic had little effect on the variables measured in Wethers.
C. Martin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bacterial diversity dynamics in rumen epithelium of Wethers fed forage and mixed concentrate forage diets
Veterinary Microbiology, 2010Co-Authors: Sophie Sadetbourgeteau, C. Martin, D. MorgaviAbstract:Abstract Cereal-rich diets used in ruminant intensive production can affect the physiology of the rumen wall but little is known about the changes induced to the epimural bacterial community. Dynamics in epimural bacteria was monitored by PCR-DGGE on four Wethers fed forage for 20 weeks (constant diet) and on four Wethers fed successively forage, a high concentrate diet (65% wheat) and forage for 4, 8 and 8 weeks, respectively (variable diet group). In the constant diet group, no changes were observed throughout time. In contrast, in the variable diet group, the community tended to differ between high concentrate and forage samples (P = 0.06). For both groups, the structure of the community was strongly associated to individual hosts (P = 0.001). This difference between individuals could have masked the effect of cereal on the variable diet group. To get more information on the phylotypes present, 120 16S rDNA gene clones were sequenced from the rumen epithelium of a wether fed forage and cereal-rich diets. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the predominant phyla but the bacterial types detected were in general different from those commonly found in rumen contents with a high proportion of Proteobacteria (14%) in the rumen epithelium. In the forage periods, Firmicutes represented nearly 50% of the total epimural community and Bacteroidetes were about 33%, while in the concentrate-rich diet period these percentages were inversed (P
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Bacterial diversity dynamics in rumen epithelium of Wethers fed forage and mixed concentrate forage diets
Veterinary Microbiology, 2010Co-Authors: Sophie Sadet-bourgeteau, C. Martin, B. Meunier, D. MorgaviAbstract:Cereal-rich diets used in ruminant intensive production can affect the physiology of the rumen wall but little is known about the changes induced to the epimural bacterial community. Dynamics in epimural bacteria was monitored by PCR-DGGE on four Wethers fed forage for 20 weeks (constant diet) and on four Wethers fed successively forage, a high concentrate diet (65% wheat) and forage for 4, 8 and 8 weeks, respectively (variable diet group). In the constant diet group, no changes were observed throughout time. In contrast, in the variable diet group, the community tended to differ between high concentrate and forage samples (P = 0.06). For both groups, the structure of the community was strongly associated to individual hosts (P = 0.001). This difference between individuals could have masked the effect of cereal on the variable diet group. To get more information on the phylotypes present, 120 16S rDNA gene clones were sequenced from the rumen epithelium of a wether fed forage and cereal-rich diets. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the predominant phyla but the bacterial types detected were in general different from those commonly found in rumen contents with a high proportion of Proteobacteria (14%) in the rumen epithelium. In the forage periods, Firmicutes represented nearly 50% of the total epimural community and Bacteroidetes were about 33%, while in the concentrate-rich diet period these percentages were inversed (P < 0.05). Clone libraries seemed more sensitive than PCR-DGGE to study the bacteria attached to the rumen epithelium. The role of epimural bacteria on ruminant's health needs further investigation.
S. T. Kariuki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sorghum almum]
2015Co-Authors: Efecto De Commelina Benghalensis, T. P. Lanyasunya, E. A. Mukisira, S. T. Kariuki, Suplementos Proteico, Sobre El Comportamiento, Ovinos Dorper, Alimentados Con, E. D. IlatsiaAbstract:days to examine effect of vetch (Vicia villosa), Commelina benghalensis and Lucerne (Medicago sativa) used as protein supplements on growth rate and feed intake of Dorper sheep Wethers fed Sorghum almum. A total of 24 Wethers (5 ± 0.32 months; 17.3 ± 2.58 kg BW) in a randomized complete block design were used (4 treatments, 6 Wethers each). Treatments were: In control diet (D1), 4 kg fresh Sorghum almum (of about 158.8 g DM/kg) was fed as sole diet ( ≈ 635 g DM/wether/d), whereas diets D2, D3 and D4, daily ration comprised of S. almum (about 508 g DM/d) + 127 g DM/d pre-wilted C. benghalensis, vetch hay and Lucerne hay, respectively. The mean ADG of Wethers in D1 was lower than those recorded by Wethers in D2, D3 and D4 (P < 0.0001). The mean DM intake in D1 was also lower (P < 0.0001). Results indicate that C. benghalensis, vetch and Lucerne improved the overall performance of the Wethers
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the potential of commelina benghalensis as a forage for ruminants
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2008Co-Authors: T. P. Lanyasunya, E. A. Mukisira, S. T. Kariuki, H.r. Wang, S. A. Abdulrazak, N.k. Kibitok, J. O. OndiekAbstract:To evaluate the potential of Commelina benghalensis as a forage for ruminants, effects of plant maturity on chemical composition, rumen degradability as well as its increased dietary inclusion level on intake, digestibility and N balance in sheep fed Sorghum almum were investigated with forage obtained from the wild, re-established and harvested at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of growth. Composite herbage samples were analyzed for dry matter (DM), chemical components, total extractable phenolics (TEP) and amino acid content. In sacco rumen degradability measurements used six individually confined Wethers (8 ± 0.5 months of age; 21 ± 2.6 kg live-weight (LW)) fitted with rumen cannulae and fed a ration of 3:1 fresh S. almum and Medicago sativa hay (about 1:2 on a DM basis). In sacco bags containing 5 g each of dry herbage were inserted into the rumen and withdrawn sequentially after 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h. Metabolizable energy (ME) was estimated from 24 h in vitro gas production. In the digestibility study, 12 Wethers fitted with rumen canula were housed in metabolic crates and allotted to four treatment diets (i. e., D0, D10, D20 and D30) constituted from fresh S. almum and pre-wilted C. benghalensis in a randomized complete block design. The control diet (D0) was 3 kg fresh S. almum (≈535.5 g DM/wether/d about 30 g/kg LW), whereas D10, D20 and D30 were D0 +300, 600 or 900 g of wilted C. benghalensis (≈34, 68 or about 102 g DM/wether/d), respectively. The study lasted for 21 d. Dry matter, fibre and TEP content increased (P<0.001) with maturity of the forage, whereas those of CP and EE decreased (P<0.0001) over the same period. Amino acids (AA) also declined with maturity (P<0.05). Rumen degradability of DM and OM were unaffected, but DM intake increased linearly (P<0.0001) at a decreasing rate (Q: P<0.05) and DM digestibility (DMD) and N intake increased linearly (P<0.01 and P<0.0001, respectively) as level of C. benghalensis in the diet increased. Results indicate that advancing maturity affected chemical composition, but not rumen degradability, of C. benghalensis and also demonstrated that inclusion of C. benghalensis in S. almum diet improved intake, digestibility and N intake, suggesting its potential use as a feed supplement.
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effects of commelina benghalensis vicia sativa and medicago sativa used as protein supplements on performance of dorper sheep fed sorghum almum efecto de commelina benghalensis vicia sativa y medicago sativa como suplementos proteico sobre el comport
2007Co-Authors: T. P. Lanyasunya, E. A. Mukisira, S. T. Kariuki, E. D. IlatsiaAbstract:This study was conducted in Naivasha, Kenya over 84 days to examine effect of vetch (Vicia villosa), Commelina benghalensis and Lucerne (Medicago sativa) used as protein supplements on growth rate and feed intake of Dorper sheep Wethers fed Sorghum almum. A total of 24 Wethers (5 ± 0.32 months; 17.3 ± 2.58 kg BW) in a randomized complete block design were used (4 treatments, 6 Wethers each). Treatments were: In control diet (D1), 4 kg fresh Sorghum almum (of about 158.8 g DM/kg) was fed as sole diet (≈ 635 g DM/wether/d), whereas diets D2, D3 and D4, daily ration comprised of S. almum (about 508 g DM/d) + 127 g DM/d pre-wilted C. benghalensis, vetch hay and Lucerne hay, respectively. The mean ADG of Wethers in D1 was lower than those recorded by Wethers in D2, D3 and D4 (P < 0.0001). The mean DM intake in D1 was also lower (P < 0.0001). Results indicate that C. benghalensis, vetch and Lucerne improved the overall performance of the Wethers.
