The Experts below are selected from a list of 531 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Evangelos Gidarakos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessment of toxic metals in waste personal computers
Waste Management, 2014Co-Authors: Konstantinos Kolias, John N Hahladakis, Evangelos GidarakosAbstract:Considering the enormous production of waste personal computers nowadays, it is obvious that the study of their composition is necessary in order to regulate their management and prevent any environmental contamination caused by their inappropriate disposal. This study aimed at determining the toxic metals content of Motherboards (printed circuit boards), monitor glass and monitor plastic housing of two Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitors, three Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) monitors, one LCD touch screen monitor and six Motherboards, all of which were discarded. In addition, concentrations of chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) were compared with the respective limits set by the RoHS 2002/95/EC Directive, that was recently renewed by the 2012/19/EU recast, in order to verify manufacturers’ compliance with the regulation. The research included disassembly, pulverization, digestion and chemical analyses of all the aforementioned devices. The toxic metals content of all samples was determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results demonstrated that concentrations of Pb in Motherboards and funnel glass of devices with release dates before 2006, that is when the RoHS Directive came into force, exceeded the permissible limit. In general, except from Pb, higher metal concentrations were detected in Motherboards in comparison with plastic housing and glass samples. Finally, the results of this work were encouraging, since concentrations of metals referred in the RoHS Directive were found in lower levels than the legislative limits.
M Dobbs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ice a scalable low cost fpga based telescope signal processing and networking system
arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 2016Co-Authors: Kevin Bandura, A N Bender, J F Cliche, T De Haan, M DobbsAbstract:We present an overview of the 'ICE' hardware and software framework that implements large arrays of interconnected FPGA-based data acquisition, signal processing and networking nodes economically. The system was conceived for application to radio, millimeter and sub-millimeter telescope readout systems that have requirements beyond typical off-the-shelf processing systems, such as careful control of interference signals produced by the digital electronics, and clocking of all elements in the system from a single precise observatory-derived oscillator. A new generation of telescopes operating at these frequency bands and designed with a vastly increased emphasis on digital signal processing to support their detector multiplexing technology or high-bandwidth correlators---data rates exceeding a terabyte per second---are becoming common. The ICE system is built around a custom FPGA motherboard that makes use of an Xilinx Kintex-7 FPGA and ARM-based co-processor. The system is specialized for specific applications through software, firmware, and custom mezzanine daughter boards that interface to the FPGA through the industry-standard FMC specifications. For high density applications, the Motherboards are packaged in 16-slot crates with ICE backplanes that implement a low-cost passive full-mesh network between the Motherboards in a crate, allow high bandwidth interconnection between crates, and enable data offload to a computer cluster. A Python-based control software library automatically detects and operates the hardware in the array. Examples of specific telescope applications of the ICE framework are presented, namely the frequency-multiplexed bolometer readout systems used for the SPT and Simons Array and the digitizer, F-engine, and networking engine for the CHIME and HIRAX radio interferometers.
Parsani T. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Versatile multi-channel CMOS frontend with selectable full-scale dynamics from 100 MeV up to 2.2 GeV for the readout of detector's signals in nuclear physics experiments
2018Co-Authors: Castoldi A., Guazzoni C., Parsani T.Abstract:We developed a versatile multichannel CMOS frontend with selectable full-scale energy range from 100 MeV up to 2.2 GeV for the readout of detector's signals in nuclear physics experiments. The core of the frontend electronics is a custom designed CMOS charge preamplifier able to guarantee an energy resolution of the order of 10 keV FWHM with a power budget of about 10 mW/channel (ASIC only). 16-channel charge preamplifiers are integrated in a single chip in ams 0.35 μm C35B4C3 technology together with the CsI(Tl) frontend and few additional slow control services. A dedicated 8 layer frontend motherboard houses 2 ASICs and the line-drivers needed to provide a differential output and to drive the several-meter long connections. High-density right-angle open-pin-field connectors interconnect the Motherboards and a patch-panel responsible of the slow-control and the interconnections to the meters-long cables. The designed frontend is extremely versatile, being suitable to be coupled to different detector topologies and signal polarities with capacitances ranging from about 10 pF up to about 200 pF. The first application of the developed frontend is to instrument the FARCOS (Fem-toscope ARray for Correlation and Spectroscopy) detection system, a novel detector featuring high angular and energy resolution able to reconstruct the particle's momentum at high precision and capable of performing correlation measurements of LCPs and of LCPs and IMFs. A thorough experimental qualification allowed verifying the frontend performance. The measured energy resolution with the frontend coupled with a 300 μm thick Double Sided Silicon Strip Detector (DSSSD) of the FARCOS telescope illuminated with a mixed-nuclei α source shows a resolution below 10 keV FWHM. The paper focuses on the designed frontend system and on the results of its qualification
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Versatile multi-channel CMOS frontend with selectable full-scale dynamics from 100MeV up to 2.2GeV for the readout of detector’s signals in nuclear physics experiments
Societa italiana di fisica, 2018Co-Authors: Castoldi A., Guazzoni C., Parsani T.Abstract:We developed a versatile multichannel CMOS frontend with selectable full-scale energy range from 100MeV up to 2.2GeV for the readout of detector’s signals in nuclear physics experiments. The core of the frontend electronics is a custom designed CMOS charge preamplifier able to guarantee an energy resolution of the order of 10keV FWHM with a power budget of about 10mW/channel (ASIC only). 16-channel charge preamplifiers are integrated in a single chip in ams 0.35μm C35B4C3 technology together with the CsI(Tl) frontend and few additional slow control services. A dedicated 8 layer frontend motherboard houses 2 ASICs and the line-drivers needed to provide a differential output and to drive the several-meter long connections. High-density right-angle open-pin-field connectors interconnect the Motherboards and a patch-panel responsible of the slow-control and the interconnections to the meters-long cables. The designed frontend is extremely versatile, being suitable to be coupled to different detector topologies and signal polarities with capacitances ranging from about 10pF up to about 200pF. The first application of the developed frontend is to instrument the FARCOS (Femtoscope ARray for Correlation and Spectroscopy) detection system, a novel detector featuring high angular and energy resolution able to reconstruct the particle’s momentum at high precision and capable of performing correlation measurements of LCPs and of LCPs and IMFs. A thorough experimental qualification allowed verifying the frontend performance. The measured energy resolution with the frontend coupled with a 300μm thick Double Sided Silicon Strip Detector (DSSSD) of the FARCOS telescope illuminated with a mixed-nuclei α source shows a resolution below 10keV FWHM. The paper focuses on the designed frontend system and on the results of its qualification
A N Bender - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ice a scalable low cost fpga based telescope signal processing and networking system
arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 2016Co-Authors: Kevin Bandura, A N Bender, J F Cliche, T De Haan, M DobbsAbstract:We present an overview of the 'ICE' hardware and software framework that implements large arrays of interconnected FPGA-based data acquisition, signal processing and networking nodes economically. The system was conceived for application to radio, millimeter and sub-millimeter telescope readout systems that have requirements beyond typical off-the-shelf processing systems, such as careful control of interference signals produced by the digital electronics, and clocking of all elements in the system from a single precise observatory-derived oscillator. A new generation of telescopes operating at these frequency bands and designed with a vastly increased emphasis on digital signal processing to support their detector multiplexing technology or high-bandwidth correlators---data rates exceeding a terabyte per second---are becoming common. The ICE system is built around a custom FPGA motherboard that makes use of an Xilinx Kintex-7 FPGA and ARM-based co-processor. The system is specialized for specific applications through software, firmware, and custom mezzanine daughter boards that interface to the FPGA through the industry-standard FMC specifications. For high density applications, the Motherboards are packaged in 16-slot crates with ICE backplanes that implement a low-cost passive full-mesh network between the Motherboards in a crate, allow high bandwidth interconnection between crates, and enable data offload to a computer cluster. A Python-based control software library automatically detects and operates the hardware in the array. Examples of specific telescope applications of the ICE framework are presented, namely the frequency-multiplexed bolometer readout systems used for the SPT and Simons Array and the digitizer, F-engine, and networking engine for the CHIME and HIRAX radio interferometers.
Konstantinos Kolias - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessment of toxic metals in waste personal computers
Waste Management, 2014Co-Authors: Konstantinos Kolias, John N Hahladakis, Evangelos GidarakosAbstract:Considering the enormous production of waste personal computers nowadays, it is obvious that the study of their composition is necessary in order to regulate their management and prevent any environmental contamination caused by their inappropriate disposal. This study aimed at determining the toxic metals content of Motherboards (printed circuit boards), monitor glass and monitor plastic housing of two Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitors, three Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) monitors, one LCD touch screen monitor and six Motherboards, all of which were discarded. In addition, concentrations of chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) were compared with the respective limits set by the RoHS 2002/95/EC Directive, that was recently renewed by the 2012/19/EU recast, in order to verify manufacturers’ compliance with the regulation. The research included disassembly, pulverization, digestion and chemical analyses of all the aforementioned devices. The toxic metals content of all samples was determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results demonstrated that concentrations of Pb in Motherboards and funnel glass of devices with release dates before 2006, that is when the RoHS Directive came into force, exceeded the permissible limit. In general, except from Pb, higher metal concentrations were detected in Motherboards in comparison with plastic housing and glass samples. Finally, the results of this work were encouraging, since concentrations of metals referred in the RoHS Directive were found in lower levels than the legislative limits.