The Experts below are selected from a list of 279 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Vanessa Harrar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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combined effects of Motor Response sensory modality and stimulus intensity on temporal reproduction
Experimental Brain Research, 2016Co-Authors: Allegra Indraccolo, Charles Spence, Argiro Vatakis, Vanessa HarrarAbstract:The ability to estimate a filled interval of time is affected by numerous non-temporal factors, such as the sensory modality, duration, and the intensity of the stimulus. Here we explore the role of modality (auditory or visual), stimulus intensity (low vs. high), and Motor Response speed on the ability to reproduce the duration of short (<1 s) filled intervals. In accordance with the literature, the reproduced duration was affected by both the modality and the intensity of the stimulus; longer reproduction times were generally observed for visual as compared to auditory stimuli, and for low as compared to high-intensity stimuli. We used general estimating equations in order to determine whether these factors independently affected participants’ ability to reproduce a given duration, after eliminating the variability associated with reaction time, since it covaried with the reproduced durations. This analysis revealed that stimulus duration, modality, and intensity were all significant independent predictors of the reproduced durations. Additionally, duration interacted with intensity when reproducing auditory intervals. That is, after taking into account the general speeding-up effect that high-intensity stimuli have on Responses, they seem to have an additional effect on the rate of the internal clock. These results support previous evidence suggesting that auditory and visual clocks run at different speeds.
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Combined effects of Motor Response, sensory modality, and stimulus intensity on temporal reproduction
Experimental Brain Research, 2016Co-Authors: Allegra Indraccolo, Charles Spence, Argiro Vatakis, Vanessa HarrarAbstract:The ability to estimate a filled interval of time is affected by numerous non-temporal factors, such as the sensory modality, duration, and the intensity of the stimulus. Here we explore the role of modality (auditory or visual), stimulus intensity (low vs. high), and Motor Response speed on the ability to reproduce the duration of short (
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the effect of Motor Response sensory modality and intensity on temporal reproduction
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Allegra Indraccolo, Charles Spence, Argiro Vatakis, Vanessa HarrarAbstract:Abstract The ability to perceive a filled interval of time is affected by numerous non-temporal factors, such as the modality and intensity of the stimulus, and cognitive load. The present study explores the role of modality (auditory and visual), stimulus intensity (weak or strong), and Motor Response speed on the subjective duration of short (
Regine Jeanningros - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bilateral decrease in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex activation during Motor Response inhibition in mania
Journal of Psychiatric Research, 2009Co-Authors: Pascale Mazzolapomietto, A Kaladjian, Jeanluc Anton, José M. Azorín, Regine JeanningrosAbstract:Mania has been frequently associated with impaired inhibitory control. The present study aimed to identify brain functional abnormalities specifically related to Motor Response inhibition in mania by using event-related fMRI in combination with a Go/NoGo task designed to control for extraneous cognitive processes involved in task performance. Sixteen manic patients and 16 healthy subjects, group-matched for age and sex, were imaged while performing a warned equiprobable Go/NoGo task during event-related fMRI. Between-group differences in brain activation associated with Motor Response inhibition were assessed using analyses of covariance. Although no significant between-group differences in task performance accuracy were observed, patients showed significantly longer Response times on Go trials. After controlling for covariates, the only brain region that differentiated the two groups during Motor Response inhibition was the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), where activation was significantly decreased in both the right and left hemispheres in manic patients. Our data suggest that Response inhibition in mania is associated with a lack of engagement of the bilateral VLPFC, which is known to play a primary role in the suppression of irrelevant Responses. This result might give clues to understanding the pathophysiology of dishinhibition and impulsivity that characterize mania.
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blunted activation in right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex during Motor Response inhibition in schizophrenia
Schizophrenia Research, 2007Co-Authors: A Kaladjian, Stephan Grimault, Jeanluc Anton, José M. Azorín, Regine Jeanningros, Pascale MazzolapomiettoAbstract:Abstract Objectives Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have reported abnormal brain activation in individuals with schizophrenia during performance of Motor inhibition tasks. We aimed to clarify brain functional abnormalities related to Motor Response inhibition in schizophrenia by using event-related fMRI in combination with a Go–NoGo task designed to control for non-inhibitory cognitive processes involved in task performance. Method We studied 21 schizophrenic patients and 21 healthy subjects, group-matched for age, sex, and performance accuracy on a Go–NoGo task during event-related fMRI. The task was designed so that Go and NoGo events were equally probable. Between-group activation differences were assessed using ANCOVAs with Response time and IQ as covariates of non-interest. Results Compared to healthy subjects, schizophrenic patients exhibited a significant decrease in activation during Motor Response inhibition in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) only. There were no areas of increased brain activation in patients compared to healthy subjects. Conclusions Schizophrenic patients demonstrate a blunted activation in the right VLPFC, a region known to play a critical role in Motor Response inhibition. Further research should ascertain the contribution of the VLPFC dysfunction to the impulsive behavior observed in schizophrenia.
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Blunted activation in right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex during Motor Response inhibition in schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia research, 2007Co-Authors: A Kaladjian, Stephan Grimault, Jeanluc Anton, José M. Azorín, Regine Jeanningros, Pascale Mazzola-pomiettoAbstract:Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have reported abnormal brain activation in individuals with schizophrenia during performance of Motor inhibition tasks. We aimed to clarify brain functional abnormalities related to Motor Response inhibition in schizophrenia by using event-related fMRI in combination with a Go-NoGo task designed to control for non-inhibitory cognitive processes involved in task performance. We studied 21 schizophrenic patients and 21 healthy subjects, group-matched for age, sex, and performance accuracy on a Go-NoGo task during event-related fMRI. The task was designed so that Go and NoGo events were equally probable. Between-group activation differences were assessed using ANCOVAs with Response time and IQ as covariates of non-interest. Compared to healthy subjects, schizophrenic patients exhibited a significant decrease in activation during Motor Response inhibition in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) only. There were no areas of increased brain activation in patients compared to healthy subjects. Schizophrenic patients demonstrate a blunted activation in the right VLPFC, a region known to play a critical role in Motor Response inhibition. Further research should ascertain the contribution of the VLPFC dysfunction to the impulsive behavior observed in schizophrenia.
A Kaladjian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bilateral decrease in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex activation during Motor Response inhibition in mania
Journal of Psychiatric Research, 2009Co-Authors: Pascale Mazzolapomietto, A Kaladjian, Jeanluc Anton, José M. Azorín, Regine JeanningrosAbstract:Mania has been frequently associated with impaired inhibitory control. The present study aimed to identify brain functional abnormalities specifically related to Motor Response inhibition in mania by using event-related fMRI in combination with a Go/NoGo task designed to control for extraneous cognitive processes involved in task performance. Sixteen manic patients and 16 healthy subjects, group-matched for age and sex, were imaged while performing a warned equiprobable Go/NoGo task during event-related fMRI. Between-group differences in brain activation associated with Motor Response inhibition were assessed using analyses of covariance. Although no significant between-group differences in task performance accuracy were observed, patients showed significantly longer Response times on Go trials. After controlling for covariates, the only brain region that differentiated the two groups during Motor Response inhibition was the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), where activation was significantly decreased in both the right and left hemispheres in manic patients. Our data suggest that Response inhibition in mania is associated with a lack of engagement of the bilateral VLPFC, which is known to play a primary role in the suppression of irrelevant Responses. This result might give clues to understanding the pathophysiology of dishinhibition and impulsivity that characterize mania.
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blunted activation in right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex during Motor Response inhibition in schizophrenia
Schizophrenia Research, 2007Co-Authors: A Kaladjian, Stephan Grimault, Jeanluc Anton, José M. Azorín, Regine Jeanningros, Pascale MazzolapomiettoAbstract:Abstract Objectives Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have reported abnormal brain activation in individuals with schizophrenia during performance of Motor inhibition tasks. We aimed to clarify brain functional abnormalities related to Motor Response inhibition in schizophrenia by using event-related fMRI in combination with a Go–NoGo task designed to control for non-inhibitory cognitive processes involved in task performance. Method We studied 21 schizophrenic patients and 21 healthy subjects, group-matched for age, sex, and performance accuracy on a Go–NoGo task during event-related fMRI. The task was designed so that Go and NoGo events were equally probable. Between-group activation differences were assessed using ANCOVAs with Response time and IQ as covariates of non-interest. Results Compared to healthy subjects, schizophrenic patients exhibited a significant decrease in activation during Motor Response inhibition in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) only. There were no areas of increased brain activation in patients compared to healthy subjects. Conclusions Schizophrenic patients demonstrate a blunted activation in the right VLPFC, a region known to play a critical role in Motor Response inhibition. Further research should ascertain the contribution of the VLPFC dysfunction to the impulsive behavior observed in schizophrenia.
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Blunted activation in right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex during Motor Response inhibition in schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia research, 2007Co-Authors: A Kaladjian, Stephan Grimault, Jeanluc Anton, José M. Azorín, Regine Jeanningros, Pascale Mazzola-pomiettoAbstract:Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have reported abnormal brain activation in individuals with schizophrenia during performance of Motor inhibition tasks. We aimed to clarify brain functional abnormalities related to Motor Response inhibition in schizophrenia by using event-related fMRI in combination with a Go-NoGo task designed to control for non-inhibitory cognitive processes involved in task performance. We studied 21 schizophrenic patients and 21 healthy subjects, group-matched for age, sex, and performance accuracy on a Go-NoGo task during event-related fMRI. The task was designed so that Go and NoGo events were equally probable. Between-group activation differences were assessed using ANCOVAs with Response time and IQ as covariates of non-interest. Compared to healthy subjects, schizophrenic patients exhibited a significant decrease in activation during Motor Response inhibition in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) only. There were no areas of increased brain activation in patients compared to healthy subjects. Schizophrenic patients demonstrate a blunted activation in the right VLPFC, a region known to play a critical role in Motor Response inhibition. Further research should ascertain the contribution of the VLPFC dysfunction to the impulsive behavior observed in schizophrenia.
Pascale Mazzolapomietto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bilateral decrease in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex activation during Motor Response inhibition in mania
Journal of Psychiatric Research, 2009Co-Authors: Pascale Mazzolapomietto, A Kaladjian, Jeanluc Anton, José M. Azorín, Regine JeanningrosAbstract:Mania has been frequently associated with impaired inhibitory control. The present study aimed to identify brain functional abnormalities specifically related to Motor Response inhibition in mania by using event-related fMRI in combination with a Go/NoGo task designed to control for extraneous cognitive processes involved in task performance. Sixteen manic patients and 16 healthy subjects, group-matched for age and sex, were imaged while performing a warned equiprobable Go/NoGo task during event-related fMRI. Between-group differences in brain activation associated with Motor Response inhibition were assessed using analyses of covariance. Although no significant between-group differences in task performance accuracy were observed, patients showed significantly longer Response times on Go trials. After controlling for covariates, the only brain region that differentiated the two groups during Motor Response inhibition was the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), where activation was significantly decreased in both the right and left hemispheres in manic patients. Our data suggest that Response inhibition in mania is associated with a lack of engagement of the bilateral VLPFC, which is known to play a primary role in the suppression of irrelevant Responses. This result might give clues to understanding the pathophysiology of dishinhibition and impulsivity that characterize mania.
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blunted activation in right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex during Motor Response inhibition in schizophrenia
Schizophrenia Research, 2007Co-Authors: A Kaladjian, Stephan Grimault, Jeanluc Anton, José M. Azorín, Regine Jeanningros, Pascale MazzolapomiettoAbstract:Abstract Objectives Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have reported abnormal brain activation in individuals with schizophrenia during performance of Motor inhibition tasks. We aimed to clarify brain functional abnormalities related to Motor Response inhibition in schizophrenia by using event-related fMRI in combination with a Go–NoGo task designed to control for non-inhibitory cognitive processes involved in task performance. Method We studied 21 schizophrenic patients and 21 healthy subjects, group-matched for age, sex, and performance accuracy on a Go–NoGo task during event-related fMRI. The task was designed so that Go and NoGo events were equally probable. Between-group activation differences were assessed using ANCOVAs with Response time and IQ as covariates of non-interest. Results Compared to healthy subjects, schizophrenic patients exhibited a significant decrease in activation during Motor Response inhibition in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) only. There were no areas of increased brain activation in patients compared to healthy subjects. Conclusions Schizophrenic patients demonstrate a blunted activation in the right VLPFC, a region known to play a critical role in Motor Response inhibition. Further research should ascertain the contribution of the VLPFC dysfunction to the impulsive behavior observed in schizophrenia.
Kathrine Skak Madsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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maturational trajectories of white matter microstructure underlying the right presupplementary Motor area reflect individual improvements in Motor Response cancellation in children and adolescents
NeuroImage, 2020Co-Authors: Kathrine Skak Madsen, Louise Baruel Johansen, Wesley K Thompson, Hartwig R Siebner, Terry L Jernigan, William F C BaareAbstract:The ability to effectively suppress Motor Response tendencies is essential for focused and goal-directed behavior. Here, we tested the hypothesis that developmental improvement in the ability to cancel a Motor Response is reflected by maturational changes in the white matter underlying the right presupplementary Motor area (preSMA) and posterior inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), two cortical key areas of the fronto-basal ganglia "stopping" network. Eighty-eight typically-developing children and adolescents, aged 7-19 years, were longitudinally assessed with the stop-signal task (SST) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the brain over a period of six years. Participants were examined from two to nine times with an average of 6.6 times, resulting in 576 SST-DTI datasets. We applied tract-based spatial statistics to extract mean fractional anisotropy (FA) from regions-of-interest in the white matter underlying the right IFG (IFGFA) and right preSMA (preSMAFA) at each time point. Motor Response cancelation performance, estimated with the stop-signal reaction time (SSRT), improved with age. Initially well performing children plateaued around the age of 11 years, while initially poor performers caught up at the age of 13-14 years. White matter microstructure continued to mature across the investigated age range. Males generally displayed linear maturational trajectories, while females displayed more curvilinear trajectories that leveled off around 12-14 years of age. Maturational increases in right preSMAFA but not right IFGFA were associated with developmental improvements in SSRT. This association differed depending on the mean right preSMAFA across the individual maturational trajectory. Children with lower mean right preSMAFA exhibited poorer SSRT performance at younger ages but steeper developmental trajectories of SSRT improvement. Children with higher mean right preSMAFA exhibited flatter trajectories of SSRT improvement along with faster SSRT already at the first assessments. The results suggest that no further improvement in Motor Response cancellation is achieved once a certain level of maturity in the white matter underlying the right preSMA is reached. Similar dynamics may apply to other behavioral read-outs and brain structures and, thus, need to be considered in longitudinal MRI studies designed to map brain structural correlates of behavioral changes during development.
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maturational trajectories of white matter microstructure underlying the right presupplementary Motor area reflect individual improvements in Motor Response cancellation in children and adolescents
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Kathrine Skak Madsen, Louise Baruel Johansen, Wesley K Thompson, Hartwig R Siebner, Terry L Jernigan, William F C BaareAbstract:Abstract The ability to effectively suppress Motor Response tendencies is essential for focused and goal-directed behavior. Here, we tested the hypothesis that developmental improvement in the ability to cancel a Motor Response is reflected by maturational changes in the white matter underlying the right presupplementary Motor area (preSMA) and posterior inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), two cortical key areas of the fronto-basal ganglia “stopping” network. Eighty-eight typically-developing children and adolescents, aged 7-19 years, were longitudinally assessed with the stop-signal task (SST) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the brain over a period of six years. Participants were examined from two to nine times with an average of 6.6 times, resulting in 576 SST-DTI datasets. We applied tract-based spatial statistics to extract mean fractional anisotropy (FA) from regions-of-interest in the white matter underlying the right IFG (IFGFA) and right preSMA (preSMAFA) at each time point. Motor Response cancelation performance, estimated with the stop-signal reaction time (SSRT), improved with age. Initially well performing children plateaued around the age of 11 years, while initially poor performers caught up at the age of 13-14 years. White matter microstructure continued to mature across the investigated age range. Males generally displayed linear maturational trajectories, while females displayed more curvilinear trajectories that leveled off around 12-14 years of age. Maturational increases in right preSMAFA but not right IFGFA were associated with developmental improvements in SSRT. This association differed depending on the mean right preSMAFA across the individual maturational trajectory. Children with lower mean right preSMAFA exhibited poorer SSRT performance at younger ages but steeper developmental trajectories of SSRT improvement. Children with higher mean right preSMAFA exhibited flatter trajectories of SSRT improvement along with faster SSRT already at the first assessments. The results suggest that no further improvement in Motor Response cancellation is achieved once a certain level of maturity in the white matter underlying the right preSMA is reached. Similar dynamics may apply to other behavioral read-outs and brain structures and, thus, need to be considered in longitudinal MRI studies designed to map brain structural correlates of behavioral changes during development. Highlights Motor Response cancellation, i.e. SSRT, improvement plateaued at 13-14 years of age Fractional anisotropy (FA) captured maturation of white matter (WM) microstructure FA in the WM underlying right preSMA (preSMAFA) reflected SSRT improvement with age Individual SSRT improvement depended on mean right preSMAFA across all DTI sessions Children with lower mean right preSMAFA had the steepest improvements in SSRT
