The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Patricia C Dischinger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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autopsy study of motorcyclist fatalities the effect of the 1992 maryland Motorcycle helmet use law
American Journal of Public Health, 2002Co-Authors: Kimberly M Auman, Michael F. Ballesteros, Joseph A Kufera, John E Smialek, Patricia C DischingerAbstract:Objectives. This study sought to determine the impact of Maryland’s all-rider Motorcycle helmet law (enacted on October 1, 1992) on preventing deaths and traumatic brain injuries among motorcyclists. Methods. Statewide motorcyclist fatalities occurring during seasonally comparable 33-month periods immediately preceding and following enactment of the law were compared. Results. The motorcyclist fatality rate dropped from 10.3 per 10 000 registered Motorcycles prelaw to 4.5 postlaw despite almost identical numbers of registered Motorcycles. Motorcyclists wearing helmets had a lower risk of traumatic brain injury than those not wearing helmets (odds ratio = 0.31, 95% confidence interval = 0.14, 0.68). Conclusions. Maryland’s controversial Motorcycle helmet law appears to be an effective public health policy and may be responsible for saving many lives.
Hussain Hamid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Motorcycle to passenger car ownership ratio and economic growth a cross country analysis
Journal of Transport Geography, 2015Co-Authors: Teik Hua Law, Hussain Hamid, Chia Ning GohAbstract:Cross-country statistics have revealed steady growth in the number of Motorcycles in many less advanced economic countries (LAEC) with emerging economies due to increased urbanisation and personal wealth. In contrast, an opposite trend is occurring in advanced economic countries (AEC), with cars replacing Motorcycles as income grows. Motor vehicle crashes and injuries are an inevitable consequence of a high Motorcycle population. This study focused on understanding how economic growth affects the Motorcycle to passenger car (MPC) ownership ratio and what factors underlie this relationship. The data used in this analysis contained a sample of 80 countries at various levels of economic developmental growth over the 48-year period between 1963 and 2010. The results pointed to an inverted U-shaped relationship between the MPC ownership ratio and the per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Generally, the MPC ownership ratio increased with income at a lower level and decreased with income at a higher level. The evidence indicated that urbanisation, the total road length per thousand population, and a proxy for purchasing power with regard to vehicle purchases were the underlying factors that contributed to this relationship.
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motorcyclist braking performance in stopping distance situations
Journal of Transportation Engineering-asce, 2013Co-Authors: Seyed Rasoul Davoodi, Hussain HamidAbstract:AbstractMotorcycle braking distance is one of the main components of Motorcycle stopping sight distance. Motorcycle braking performance in different situations was not consistent in published literature. This research measured the riders' braking distances and decelerations to both unexpected and expected objects. For braking maneuvers to an expected object, 89 Motorcycle riders released the accelerator and applied the brake as quickly as possible following activation of a light beside the road of both dry and wet pavements. As for an unexpected object, 16 nonalerted subjects were confronted with the need to stop for an unexpected object along the roadway. Vehicle speeds, braking distances, and average deceleration were computed for each braking maneuver. RESULTS showed that the deceleration varied among the riders in which 90% of riders' decelerations were at least 2.75 m/s2 under wet conditions, whereas 90% of all riders decelerated at least 3.3 m/s2 on dry pavements. Overall, the Motorcycle braking distance is more than the braking distance of passenger cars. These findings suggest that in countries where Motorcycles are heavily used, their roads should be investigated for provisions of adequate Motorcycle stopping sight distance, especially if the roads were designed according to AASHTO guidelines. Language: en
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motorcyclist perception response time in stopping sight distance situations
Safety Science, 2012Co-Authors: Seyed Rasoul Davoodi, Mahdieh Pazhouhanfar, Hussain Hamid, Jeffrey W MuttartAbstract:One of the most effective engineering measures is the provision of an exclusive Motorcycle lane that separates Motorcycles from other mixed traffic to reduce traffic congestion and Motorcycle crashes. Even though the existing exclusive Motorcycle lanes in Malaysia reduced the incidents of Motorcycle crashes with other vehicles, the design of this special Motorcycle lane was based on a cross reference between a bicycle track and a highway. Thus, a suitable design guide is yet to be developed for the geometrical design of a proper and safer exclusive Motorcycle lane. Safe stopping sight distance (SSD) has been recognized as a criterion for road design and should be taken into account. Motorcyclist perception response time (PRT) is the time from detection object until the rider reduces Motorcycle speed in braking action is an essential component of Motorcycle SSD. Two road experiments were conducted to obtain empirical values of Motorcycle PRT to expected and unexpected objects. In the expected condition, 89 motorcyclists applied brake as quickly as possible following activation of a light beside the road. In the unexpected condition, 16 riders responded by braking in response to an obstacle that appeared suddenly in their lane. The mean PRT to expected and unexpected object is 0.71 s and 1.25 s respectively. The 85th percentile PRT to unexpected object is 2.12 s. This study found that most riders are capable of responding to an unexpected object along the roadway in 2.5 s or less. Therefore, PRT of 2.5 s is an appropriate value for Motorcycle lane geometric design.
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motorcyclist perception response time in stopping sight distance situations
Safety Science, 2012Co-Authors: Seyed Rasoul Davoodi, Mahdieh Pazhouhanfar, Hussain Hamid, Jeffrey W MuttartAbstract:One of the most effective engineering measures is the provision of an exclusive Motorcycle lane that separates Motorcycles from other mixed traffic to reduce traffic congestion and Motorcycle crashes. Even though the existing exclusive Motorcycle lanes in Malaysia reduced the incidents of Motorcycle crashes with other vehicles, the design of this special Motorcycle lane was based on a cross reference between a bicycle track and a highway. Thus, a suitable design guide is yet to be developed for the geometrical design of a proper and safer exclusive Motorcycle lane. Safe stopping sight distance (SSD) has been recognized as a criterion for road design and should be taken into account. Motorcyclist perception response time (PRT) is the time from detection object until the rider reduces Motorcycle speed in braking action is an essential component of Motorcycle SSD. Two road experiments were conducted to obtain empirical values of Motorcycle PRT to expected and unexpected objects. In the expected condition, 89 motorcyclists applied brake as quickly as possible following activation of a light beside the road. In the unexpected condition, 16 riders responded by braking in response to an obstacle that appeared suddenly in their lane. The mean PRT to expected and unexpected object is 0.71 s and 1.25 s respectively. The 85th percentile PRT to unexpected object is 2.12 s. This study found that most riders are capable of responding to an unexpected object along the roadway in 2.5 s or less. Therefore, PRT of 2.5 s is an appropriate value for Motorcycle lane geometric design.
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motorcyclist rear brake simple perception response times in rear end collision situations
Traffic Injury Prevention, 2011Co-Authors: Seyed Rasoul Davoodi, Sulistyo Arintono, Ratnasamy Muniandy, Hussain Hamid, Seyed Farzin FaeziAbstract:Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the baseline Motorcycle riders’ perception–response times (PRTs) in an expected object braking task and to determine the significant difference between PRTs of older and younger riders. Methods: Fifty-nine participants sat on their Motorcycles in exactly the same way as they would when riding and then they awaited activation of the taillights of the passenger car (parked) in front of them. PRTs of the motorcyclists were transcribed from the camcorder when the riders hit the brakes as quickly as possible following the activation of the car's brake lights. Results: Results of PRT were calculated by taking the average of both male and female older and younger riders. The study demonstrates that the mean and standard deviation of the Motorcycle baseline PRTs are 0.44 and 0.11 s, respectively. Riders’ age and gender were not found to be significant variables for PRT. Conclusion: The mean of baseline perception–reaction time of Motorcycle riders is smaller t...
Johanna Burbano Valente - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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motivations for Motorcycle use for urban travel in latin america a qualitative study
Transport Policy, 2016Co-Authors: Jonas Xaver Hagen, Carlosfelipe Pardo, Johanna Burbano ValenteAbstract:Motorcycle use for utilitarian trips in Latin American cities has grown significantly in recent years. The researchers used qualitative methods to understand the motivations of Motorcycle users that might contribute to this growth in six cities: Barranquilla, Bogota (Colombia), Sao Paulo, Recife (Brazil), Caracas (Venezuela), and Buenos Aires (Argentina). Researchers used semi-structured interviews and focus groups to gather data from six categories of Motorcycle users: Motorcycle taxi drivers, Motorcycle taxi users, motorcyclists for delivery, motorcyclists for private use, owners in the process of selling their Motorcycles, and potential motorcyclists (those seeking to buy Motorcycles). Common themes emerged across the six cities, including the time advantage that Motorcycles offered versus deficient public transportation and congested auto traffic, the low cost of Motorcycles versus other transport modes, the vulnerability of motorcyclists to traffic injury and death, and cultural aspects of Motorcycle use. Policy implications include the need to make Motorcycle travel safer and improve public transportation in Latin American cities.
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motivations for Motorcycle use for urban travel in latin america a qualitative study
Transportation Research Board 94th Annual MeetingTransportation Research Board, 2015Co-Authors: Jonas Xaver Hagen, Carlosfelipe Pardo, Johanna Burbano ValenteAbstract:Motorcycle use for urban trips in Latin America has grown significantly in recent years. The researchers used qualitative methods to understand the motivations of Motorcycle mode users that might contribute to this growth in six cities: Barranquilla, Bogota (Colombia), Sao Paulo, Recife (Brazil), Caracas (Venezuela), and Buenos Aires (Argentina). Researchers used semi-structured interviews and focus groups to gather data from six categories of Motorcycle users: Motorcycle taxi drivers, Motorcycle taxi users, motorcyclists for goods delivery in urban areas, motorcyclists for private use, owners in the process of selling their Motorcycles, and potential motorcyclists (those seeking to buy Motorcycles). Common themes emerged across the six cities, including the time advantage that Motorcycles offered versus public transportation and congested auto traffic, the reasonable cost of Motorcycles versus other transport modes, the culture of Motorcycle use, and the vulnerability of motorcyclists to traffic injury and death. In the analysis of the data, the authors identify the main factors for Motorcycle adoption and use, compare the results to existing literature, and outline emerging issues for future research.
Erick Guerra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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electric vehicles air pollution and the Motorcycle city a stated preference survey of consumers willingness to adopt electric Motorcycles in solo indonesia
Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment, 2017Co-Authors: Erick GuerraAbstract:Abstract This paper presents the results of a choice experiment to evaluate the extent to which electric Motorcycles are a potential replacement for gasoline-powered Motorcycles in Solo, Indonesia. Survey respondents faced five choice scenarios where they selected between a conventional Motorcycle, an electric Motorcycle, and no Motorcycle based on price, speed, range, and charge time. Approximately 1200 individuals completed all five choice scenarios and fully responded to socioeconomic and preference questions. As in much of Southeast Asia, Motorcycles dominate the transportation system and provide inexpensive, relatively safe, and convenient point-to-point travel. However, Motorcycles also produce substantial, harmful local emissions. To estimate the probability of selecting different Motorcycle types, the survey data are fit with a mixed logit model with random coefficients. This specification allows correlation across choices over time, flexible substitution across the choice alternatives, and variation in consumer preferences. The results of the survey and analysis indicate that there is almost certainly a market for electric Motorcycles but their price and performance will have to be competitive with low-cost, gas-powered ones. Speed, range, charge time, and price all mattered substantially with respondents willing to pay a 7–13% premium for Motorcycles with 10 km longer range, 10 km/h faster speed, or an hour shorter charge time. Charge time was particularly important, suggesting that improvements in battery charging technology and charging infrastructure could substantially impact consumers’ willingness to adopt electric Motorcycles. Younger non-smoking respondents with concerns about the environment and favorable views of e-bikes were most likely to choose electric Motorcycles.
Zia Wadud - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of e ridehailing on Motorcycle ownership in an emerging country megacity
Transportation Research Part A-policy and Practice, 2020Co-Authors: Zia WadudAbstract:Abstract The impact of app-based e-hailing or ridesourcing services on various transport metrics is an area of active research, and research so far have focused on the car-based (or four-wheeled vehicle based) services only. In many cities in the developing and emerging countries, Motorcycle-based passenger e-hailing services have become very popular in the last few years, but the implications of these have not been studied before. This study investigates the effects of Motorcycle-hailing apps in Dhaka – a megacity in Bangladesh – on the size of its Motorcycle fleet. We employ segmented multiple regression on timeseries data to show that there was a statistically significant increase in Motorcycle ownership in Dhaka as a result of the Motorcycle-hailing services. The findings were also supported by a visual intervention analysis. By the end of 2018, there were 7.45% more Motorcycles in Dhaka than there would have been if these app-based e-hailing services were not available. We conclude with potential implications of these increases in Motorcycle numbers and future research directions.
