The Experts below are selected from a list of 1101 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Jeremy M Weinstein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Descriptive Representation and Judicial Outcomes in Multiethnic
    2016
    Co-Authors: Jeremy M Weinstein
    Abstract:

    The extent to which judicial outcomes depend on judges ’ identities is a central question in Multiethnic Societies. Past work on the impact of the racial composition of appellate courts has narrowly focused on civil rights cases in the United States. We expand this literature by testing for ethnicity-based panel effects in criminal appeals in Israel. Using randomness in the assignment of cases to panels, we find that appeal outcomes for Jewish defendants are independent of panels’ ethnic composition. By contrast, panel composition is highly consequential for Arab defendants, who receive more lenient punishments when their case is heard by a panel that includes at least one Arab judge, compared to all-Jewish panels. The magnitude of these effects is sizable: a 14–20 % reduction in incarceration and a 15–26 % reduction in prison sentencing. These findings contribute to recent debates on the relationship between descriptive representation and substantive outcomes in judicial bodies. Acentral challenge forMultiethnic Societies is howbest to manage the interests of diverse groups. Inthese environments, politics often becomes an arena for competition among ethnic groups for access to power and the benefits that accrue to those that are victorious. Because the distinctions among ethnic groups are often seen as unalterable, exclusion from power can seem permanent. Notably, the consequences of exclusio

  • descriptive representation and judicial outcomes in Multiethnic Societies
    American Journal of Political Science, 2016
    Co-Authors: Guy Grossman, Oren Gazalayal, Samuel D Pimentel, Jeremy M Weinstein
    Abstract:

    The extent to which judicial outcomes depend on judges' identities is a central question in Multiethnic Societies. Past work on the impact of the racial composition of appellate courts has narrowly focused on civil rights cases in the United States. We expand this literature by testing for ethnicity-based panel effects in criminal appeals in Israel. Using randomness in the assignment of cases to panels, we find that appeal outcomes for Jewish defendants are independent of panels' ethnic composition. By contrast, panel composition is highly consequential for Arab defendants, who receive more lenient punishments when their case is heard by a panel that includes at least one Arab judge, compared to all-Jewish panels. The magnitude of these effects is sizable: a 14–20% reduction in incarceration and a 15–26% reduction in prison sentencing. These findings contribute to recent debates on the relationship between descriptive representation and substantive outcomes in judicial bodies.

Madeleine King - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • migrant health in cancer outcome disparities and the determinant role of migrant specific variables
    Oncologist, 2015
    Co-Authors: Ming Sze, Phyllis Butow, Melanie L Bell, Lisa Vaccaro, Skye Dong, Maurice Eisenbruch, Michael Jefford, Afaf Girgis, Madeleine King
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND Multiethnic Societies face challenges in delivering evidence-based culturally competent health care. This study compared health-related quality of life and psychological morbidity in a hospital-based sample of first-generation migrants and Australian-born Anglo cancer patients, controlling for potential confounders related to migrant status. Further, it explored the relative contribution of ethnicity versus migrant-related variables. METHODS Eligible participants, recruited via 16 oncology clinics in Australia, included those over the age of 18, diagnosed with cancer (any type or stage) within the previous 12 months and having commenced treatment at least 1 month previously. RESULTS In total, 571 migrant patients (comprising 145 Arabic, 248 Chinese, and 178 Greek) and a control group of 274 Anglo-Australian patients participated. In multiple linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, marital status, socioeconomic status, time since diagnosis, and type of cancer, migrants had clinically significantly worse health-related quality of life (HRQL; 3.6-7.3 points on FACT-G, p < .0001), higher depression and anxiety (both p < .0001), and higher incidence of clinical depression (p < .0001) and anxiety (p = .003) than Anglo-Australians. Understanding the health system (p < .0001 for each outcome) and difficulty communicating with the doctor (p = .04 to .0001) partially mediated the impact of migrancy. In migrant-only analyses, migrant-related variables (language difficulty and poor understanding of the health system), not ethnicity, predicted outcomes. CONCLUSION Migrants who develop cancer have worse psychological and HRQL outcomes than Anglo-Australians. Potential targets for intervention include assistance in navigating the health system, translated information, and cultural competency training for health professionals.

Michael Jefford - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • migrant health in cancer outcome disparities and the determinant role of migrant specific variables
    Oncologist, 2015
    Co-Authors: Ming Sze, Phyllis Butow, Melanie L Bell, Lisa Vaccaro, Skye Dong, Maurice Eisenbruch, Michael Jefford, Afaf Girgis, Madeleine King
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND Multiethnic Societies face challenges in delivering evidence-based culturally competent health care. This study compared health-related quality of life and psychological morbidity in a hospital-based sample of first-generation migrants and Australian-born Anglo cancer patients, controlling for potential confounders related to migrant status. Further, it explored the relative contribution of ethnicity versus migrant-related variables. METHODS Eligible participants, recruited via 16 oncology clinics in Australia, included those over the age of 18, diagnosed with cancer (any type or stage) within the previous 12 months and having commenced treatment at least 1 month previously. RESULTS In total, 571 migrant patients (comprising 145 Arabic, 248 Chinese, and 178 Greek) and a control group of 274 Anglo-Australian patients participated. In multiple linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, marital status, socioeconomic status, time since diagnosis, and type of cancer, migrants had clinically significantly worse health-related quality of life (HRQL; 3.6-7.3 points on FACT-G, p < .0001), higher depression and anxiety (both p < .0001), and higher incidence of clinical depression (p < .0001) and anxiety (p = .003) than Anglo-Australians. Understanding the health system (p < .0001 for each outcome) and difficulty communicating with the doctor (p = .04 to .0001) partially mediated the impact of migrancy. In migrant-only analyses, migrant-related variables (language difficulty and poor understanding of the health system), not ethnicity, predicted outcomes. CONCLUSION Migrants who develop cancer have worse psychological and HRQL outcomes than Anglo-Australians. Potential targets for intervention include assistance in navigating the health system, translated information, and cultural competency training for health professionals.

Ming Sze - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • migrant health in cancer outcome disparities and the determinant role of migrant specific variables
    Oncologist, 2015
    Co-Authors: Ming Sze, Phyllis Butow, Melanie L Bell, Lisa Vaccaro, Skye Dong, Maurice Eisenbruch, Michael Jefford, Afaf Girgis, Madeleine King
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND Multiethnic Societies face challenges in delivering evidence-based culturally competent health care. This study compared health-related quality of life and psychological morbidity in a hospital-based sample of first-generation migrants and Australian-born Anglo cancer patients, controlling for potential confounders related to migrant status. Further, it explored the relative contribution of ethnicity versus migrant-related variables. METHODS Eligible participants, recruited via 16 oncology clinics in Australia, included those over the age of 18, diagnosed with cancer (any type or stage) within the previous 12 months and having commenced treatment at least 1 month previously. RESULTS In total, 571 migrant patients (comprising 145 Arabic, 248 Chinese, and 178 Greek) and a control group of 274 Anglo-Australian patients participated. In multiple linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, marital status, socioeconomic status, time since diagnosis, and type of cancer, migrants had clinically significantly worse health-related quality of life (HRQL; 3.6-7.3 points on FACT-G, p < .0001), higher depression and anxiety (both p < .0001), and higher incidence of clinical depression (p < .0001) and anxiety (p = .003) than Anglo-Australians. Understanding the health system (p < .0001 for each outcome) and difficulty communicating with the doctor (p = .04 to .0001) partially mediated the impact of migrancy. In migrant-only analyses, migrant-related variables (language difficulty and poor understanding of the health system), not ethnicity, predicted outcomes. CONCLUSION Migrants who develop cancer have worse psychological and HRQL outcomes than Anglo-Australians. Potential targets for intervention include assistance in navigating the health system, translated information, and cultural competency training for health professionals.

Guy Grossman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • descriptive representation and judicial outcomes in Multiethnic Societies
    American Journal of Political Science, 2016
    Co-Authors: Guy Grossman, Oren Gazalayal, Samuel D Pimentel, Jeremy M Weinstein
    Abstract:

    The extent to which judicial outcomes depend on judges' identities is a central question in Multiethnic Societies. Past work on the impact of the racial composition of appellate courts has narrowly focused on civil rights cases in the United States. We expand this literature by testing for ethnicity-based panel effects in criminal appeals in Israel. Using randomness in the assignment of cases to panels, we find that appeal outcomes for Jewish defendants are independent of panels' ethnic composition. By contrast, panel composition is highly consequential for Arab defendants, who receive more lenient punishments when their case is heard by a panel that includes at least one Arab judge, compared to all-Jewish panels. The magnitude of these effects is sizable: a 14–20% reduction in incarceration and a 15–26% reduction in prison sentencing. These findings contribute to recent debates on the relationship between descriptive representation and substantive outcomes in judicial bodies.