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Alena Atrasheuskaya - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Horizontal transmission of the Leningrad–Zagreb Mumps Vaccine strain: A report of six symptomatic cases of parotitis and one case of meningitis
Vaccine, 2012Co-Authors: Alina Atrasheuskaya, E G Fisenko, George Ignatyev, Mikhail V. Kulak, Igor Karpov, Alena AtrasheuskayaAbstract:Here we report horizontal symptomatic transmission of the Leningrad–Zagreb (L–Zagreb) Mumps Vaccine virus. Children who were the source of transmission had been vaccinated with the MMR Vaccine (Serum Institute of India) contained L–Zagreb Mumps virus. This is the first report of horizontal symptomatic transmission of this Vaccine. The etiology of all seven contact cases was confirmed by epidemiological linking, serology and by F, SH, NP and HN Mumps virus genes sequencing.
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Mumps Vaccine failure investigation in Novosibirsk, Russia, 2002–2004
Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2007Co-Authors: Alena Atrasheuskaya, Steven A Rubin, Mikhail V. Kulak, George IgnatyevAbstract:The aims of this study were to estimate the importance of Vaccine failure (VF) in cases of Mumps during 2002–2004 in the city of Novosibirsk, Western Siberia, Russia, and to genotype the responsible virus strain. Mumps virus-specific RT-PCR testing of saliva was performed for 18 cases of Mumps. Sera were tested for IgM and IgG, IgG avidity, and the ability to neutralise a panel of Mumps viruses, including the Leningrad-3 Mumps Vaccine virus. Of the 12 patients for whom vaccination status was positively determined, 11 showed serological evidence of primary VF. Sequence analysis of virus RNA amplified from saliva revealed a genotype C2 virus in 2002, a genotype H2 virus in 2003, and both genotypes in 2004. Although several vaccinated patients were positive for Mumps virus IgG at the time of first sampling, only nominal levels of neutralising antibody were detected, and these were effective in neutralising the Vaccine strain, but not genotype C and H Mumps virus strains. These results suggest that the majority of cases of Mumps in Vaccinees are caused by primary VF, defined as either a lack of seroconversion or a lack of IgG maturity, as based on avidity testing. The results also support the hypothesis that sera of low neutralising antibody titre have a limited ability to neutralise heterologous Mumps virus strains, suggesting that antigenic differences between circulating and Mumps Vaccine virus strains may play a role in cases of breakthrough infection. Consistent with previous reports, Mumps virus genotypes C and H continue to circulate in Novosibirsk.
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Investigation of Mumps Vaccine failures in Minsk, Belarus, 2001-2003.
Vaccine, 2007Co-Authors: Alena Atrasheuskaya, Steven A Rubin, Elena M. Blatun, Michail V. Kulak, Alina Atrasheuskaya, Igor Karpov, George IgnatyevAbstract:The purpose of this study was to investigate Mumps Vaccine failures (VF) in a highly vaccinated population of Minsk, Belarus, and to investigate a possible role for virus strain-specific immunity. During our 3-year study period, 22 adults were admitted to the Infectious Diseases Hospital in Minsk with a diagnosis of Mumps. A genotype H1 Mumps virus (MuV) strain was identified in all patients. Of 15 patients from whom the paired sera were collected, 9 were confirmed to have been previously vaccinated. Serological examinations indicated primary VF in seven of these cases and secondary VF in two. Despite almost all vaccinated patients possessing MuV specific IgG, few possessed neutralizing antibody to the Vaccine strain and titers were nominal. Importantly, none of the sera were able to neutralize a genotype H MuV strain. Our results demonstrate the importance of assaying for neutralizing antibody and support the assertion that antigenic differences between wild type and Vaccine MuV strains may play a role in cases of breakthrough infection in Vaccinees.
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horizontal transmission of the leningrad 3 live attenuated Mumps Vaccine virus
Vaccine, 2006Co-Authors: Alena Atrasheuskaya, A A Neverov, Steven A Rubin, George IgnatyevAbstract:Here we describe symptomatic transmission of the Leningrad-3 Mumps Vaccine virus from healthy Vaccinees to previously vaccinated contacts. Throat swab and serum samples were taken from six symptomatic Mumps cases and from 13 family contacts. Assessment of serum IgG and IgM anti-Mumps virus antibodies and IgG avidity testing was performed using commercial test kits. Sera neutralizing antibodies were measured by plaque reduction neutralization assay using the L-3 Vaccine Mumps virus as the target. All six of the symptomatic Mumps cases and three contact subjects tested positive for Mumps by RT-PCR. The genomic sequences tested (F, SH and HN genes) of all nine of these samples were identical to the L-3 Mumps Vaccine strain. All 13 contacts were asymptomatic; however clear serological evidence of Mumps infection was found in some of them. The likely epidemiological source of the transmitted L-3 Mumps virus was children who were recently vaccinated at the schools attended by the six symptomatic Mumps patients described here. The L-3 Mumps Vaccine virus can be shed and transmitted horizontally, even to subjects previously vaccinated with the same virus.
George Ignatyev - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Horizontal transmission of the Leningrad–Zagreb Mumps Vaccine strain: A report of six symptomatic cases of parotitis and one case of meningitis
Vaccine, 2012Co-Authors: Alina Atrasheuskaya, E G Fisenko, George Ignatyev, Mikhail V. Kulak, Igor Karpov, Alena AtrasheuskayaAbstract:Here we report horizontal symptomatic transmission of the Leningrad–Zagreb (L–Zagreb) Mumps Vaccine virus. Children who were the source of transmission had been vaccinated with the MMR Vaccine (Serum Institute of India) contained L–Zagreb Mumps virus. This is the first report of horizontal symptomatic transmission of this Vaccine. The etiology of all seven contact cases was confirmed by epidemiological linking, serology and by F, SH, NP and HN Mumps virus genes sequencing.
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Mumps Vaccine failure investigation in Novosibirsk, Russia, 2002–2004
Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2007Co-Authors: Alena Atrasheuskaya, Steven A Rubin, Mikhail V. Kulak, George IgnatyevAbstract:The aims of this study were to estimate the importance of Vaccine failure (VF) in cases of Mumps during 2002–2004 in the city of Novosibirsk, Western Siberia, Russia, and to genotype the responsible virus strain. Mumps virus-specific RT-PCR testing of saliva was performed for 18 cases of Mumps. Sera were tested for IgM and IgG, IgG avidity, and the ability to neutralise a panel of Mumps viruses, including the Leningrad-3 Mumps Vaccine virus. Of the 12 patients for whom vaccination status was positively determined, 11 showed serological evidence of primary VF. Sequence analysis of virus RNA amplified from saliva revealed a genotype C2 virus in 2002, a genotype H2 virus in 2003, and both genotypes in 2004. Although several vaccinated patients were positive for Mumps virus IgG at the time of first sampling, only nominal levels of neutralising antibody were detected, and these were effective in neutralising the Vaccine strain, but not genotype C and H Mumps virus strains. These results suggest that the majority of cases of Mumps in Vaccinees are caused by primary VF, defined as either a lack of seroconversion or a lack of IgG maturity, as based on avidity testing. The results also support the hypothesis that sera of low neutralising antibody titre have a limited ability to neutralise heterologous Mumps virus strains, suggesting that antigenic differences between circulating and Mumps Vaccine virus strains may play a role in cases of breakthrough infection. Consistent with previous reports, Mumps virus genotypes C and H continue to circulate in Novosibirsk.
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Investigation of Mumps Vaccine failures in Minsk, Belarus, 2001-2003.
Vaccine, 2007Co-Authors: Alena Atrasheuskaya, Steven A Rubin, Elena M. Blatun, Michail V. Kulak, Alina Atrasheuskaya, Igor Karpov, George IgnatyevAbstract:The purpose of this study was to investigate Mumps Vaccine failures (VF) in a highly vaccinated population of Minsk, Belarus, and to investigate a possible role for virus strain-specific immunity. During our 3-year study period, 22 adults were admitted to the Infectious Diseases Hospital in Minsk with a diagnosis of Mumps. A genotype H1 Mumps virus (MuV) strain was identified in all patients. Of 15 patients from whom the paired sera were collected, 9 were confirmed to have been previously vaccinated. Serological examinations indicated primary VF in seven of these cases and secondary VF in two. Despite almost all vaccinated patients possessing MuV specific IgG, few possessed neutralizing antibody to the Vaccine strain and titers were nominal. Importantly, none of the sera were able to neutralize a genotype H MuV strain. Our results demonstrate the importance of assaying for neutralizing antibody and support the assertion that antigenic differences between wild type and Vaccine MuV strains may play a role in cases of breakthrough infection in Vaccinees.
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horizontal transmission of the leningrad 3 live attenuated Mumps Vaccine virus
Vaccine, 2006Co-Authors: Alena Atrasheuskaya, A A Neverov, Steven A Rubin, George IgnatyevAbstract:Here we describe symptomatic transmission of the Leningrad-3 Mumps Vaccine virus from healthy Vaccinees to previously vaccinated contacts. Throat swab and serum samples were taken from six symptomatic Mumps cases and from 13 family contacts. Assessment of serum IgG and IgM anti-Mumps virus antibodies and IgG avidity testing was performed using commercial test kits. Sera neutralizing antibodies were measured by plaque reduction neutralization assay using the L-3 Vaccine Mumps virus as the target. All six of the symptomatic Mumps cases and three contact subjects tested positive for Mumps by RT-PCR. The genomic sequences tested (F, SH and HN genes) of all nine of these samples were identical to the L-3 Mumps Vaccine strain. All 13 contacts were asymptomatic; however clear serological evidence of Mumps infection was found in some of them. The likely epidemiological source of the transmitted L-3 Mumps virus was children who were recently vaccinated at the schools attended by the six symptomatic Mumps patients described here. The L-3 Mumps Vaccine virus can be shed and transmitted horizontally, even to subjects previously vaccinated with the same virus.
Steven A Rubin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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antibody induced by immunization with the jeryl lynn Mumps Vaccine strain effectively neutralizes a heterologous wild type Mumps virus associated with a large outbreak
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2008Co-Authors: Steven A Rubin, Susette Audet, Bradley J Sullivan, Kathryn M Carbone, William J Bellini, Paul A Rota, Lev Sirota, Judy A BeelerAbstract:Recent Mumps outbreaks in older vaccinated populations were caused primarily by genotype G viruses, which are phylogenetically distinct from the genotype A Vaccine strains used in the countries affected by the outbreaks. This finding suggests that genotype A Vaccine strains could have reduced efficacy against heterologous Mumps viruses. The remote history of vaccination also suggests that waning immunity could have contributed to susceptibility. To examine these issues, we obtained consecutive serum samples from children at different intervals after vaccination and assayed the ability of these samples to neutralize the genotype A Jeryl Lynn Mumps virus Vaccine strain and a genotype G wild-type virus obtained during the Mumps outbreak that occurred in the United States in 2006. Although the geometric mean neutralizing antibody titers against the genotype G virus were approximately one-half the titers measured against the Vaccine strain, and although titers to both viruses decreased with time after vaccination, antibody induced by immunization with the Jeryl Lynn Mumps Vaccine strain effectively neutralized the outbreak-associated virus at all time points tested.
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Mumps Vaccine failure investigation in Novosibirsk, Russia, 2002–2004
Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2007Co-Authors: Alena Atrasheuskaya, Steven A Rubin, Mikhail V. Kulak, George IgnatyevAbstract:The aims of this study were to estimate the importance of Vaccine failure (VF) in cases of Mumps during 2002–2004 in the city of Novosibirsk, Western Siberia, Russia, and to genotype the responsible virus strain. Mumps virus-specific RT-PCR testing of saliva was performed for 18 cases of Mumps. Sera were tested for IgM and IgG, IgG avidity, and the ability to neutralise a panel of Mumps viruses, including the Leningrad-3 Mumps Vaccine virus. Of the 12 patients for whom vaccination status was positively determined, 11 showed serological evidence of primary VF. Sequence analysis of virus RNA amplified from saliva revealed a genotype C2 virus in 2002, a genotype H2 virus in 2003, and both genotypes in 2004. Although several vaccinated patients were positive for Mumps virus IgG at the time of first sampling, only nominal levels of neutralising antibody were detected, and these were effective in neutralising the Vaccine strain, but not genotype C and H Mumps virus strains. These results suggest that the majority of cases of Mumps in Vaccinees are caused by primary VF, defined as either a lack of seroconversion or a lack of IgG maturity, as based on avidity testing. The results also support the hypothesis that sera of low neutralising antibody titre have a limited ability to neutralise heterologous Mumps virus strains, suggesting that antigenic differences between circulating and Mumps Vaccine virus strains may play a role in cases of breakthrough infection. Consistent with previous reports, Mumps virus genotypes C and H continue to circulate in Novosibirsk.
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Investigation of Mumps Vaccine failures in Minsk, Belarus, 2001-2003.
Vaccine, 2007Co-Authors: Alena Atrasheuskaya, Steven A Rubin, Elena M. Blatun, Michail V. Kulak, Alina Atrasheuskaya, Igor Karpov, George IgnatyevAbstract:The purpose of this study was to investigate Mumps Vaccine failures (VF) in a highly vaccinated population of Minsk, Belarus, and to investigate a possible role for virus strain-specific immunity. During our 3-year study period, 22 adults were admitted to the Infectious Diseases Hospital in Minsk with a diagnosis of Mumps. A genotype H1 Mumps virus (MuV) strain was identified in all patients. Of 15 patients from whom the paired sera were collected, 9 were confirmed to have been previously vaccinated. Serological examinations indicated primary VF in seven of these cases and secondary VF in two. Despite almost all vaccinated patients possessing MuV specific IgG, few possessed neutralizing antibody to the Vaccine strain and titers were nominal. Importantly, none of the sera were able to neutralize a genotype H MuV strain. Our results demonstrate the importance of assaying for neutralizing antibody and support the assertion that antigenic differences between wild type and Vaccine MuV strains may play a role in cases of breakthrough infection in Vaccinees.
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horizontal transmission of the leningrad 3 live attenuated Mumps Vaccine virus
Vaccine, 2006Co-Authors: Alena Atrasheuskaya, A A Neverov, Steven A Rubin, George IgnatyevAbstract:Here we describe symptomatic transmission of the Leningrad-3 Mumps Vaccine virus from healthy Vaccinees to previously vaccinated contacts. Throat swab and serum samples were taken from six symptomatic Mumps cases and from 13 family contacts. Assessment of serum IgG and IgM anti-Mumps virus antibodies and IgG avidity testing was performed using commercial test kits. Sera neutralizing antibodies were measured by plaque reduction neutralization assay using the L-3 Vaccine Mumps virus as the target. All six of the symptomatic Mumps cases and three contact subjects tested positive for Mumps by RT-PCR. The genomic sequences tested (F, SH and HN genes) of all nine of these samples were identical to the L-3 Mumps Vaccine strain. All 13 contacts were asymptomatic; however clear serological evidence of Mumps infection was found in some of them. The likely epidemiological source of the transmitted L-3 Mumps virus was children who were recently vaccinated at the schools attended by the six symptomatic Mumps patients described here. The L-3 Mumps Vaccine virus can be shed and transmitted horizontally, even to subjects previously vaccinated with the same virus.
Nie Jun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Systematic Review on Live Attenuated S_(79) Mumps Vaccine Seroconversion Studies among Population
Journal of Evidence-based Medicine, 2010Co-Authors: Nie JunAbstract:Objective To evaluate poplulation's immunogenicity to live attenuated S79 Mumps Vaccine. Methods Literatures of S79 Mumps Vaccine epidemiological field trials during 1994 to 2008 were reviewed and 13 trials were enrolled. Methods of fuzzy mathematical meta analysis and case series analysis were used. Results The final relative effect (M) of 1.18 was got in the fourth year after vaccination among children of 0 to 4 years old. Seroconversion rate ranged from 54.3% to 86.4% in the first two months after vaccination among children of 0 to 13 years old. Conclusion Protective effect is seen in the fourth year after vaccination and children with different birth years have similar immunogenicity to S79 Vaccine.
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Study on Persistence of Effectiveness of Live Attenuated S_(79) Mumps Vaccine Against Clinical Mumps
Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2008Co-Authors: Nie JunAbstract:Objective To understand the persistence of effectiveness of live attenuated S79 Mumps Vaccine against clinical Mumps. Method Cases were selected from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention during Sep 2004 to Mar 2005. Each pair of cases was matched by gender,age and community. Vaccination information was obtained from Children EPI Administrative Computerized System. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated for 1 dose of S79 Vaccine with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Result 469 cases and 469 controls were enrolled into study. VE of Mumps Vaccine for 1 dose versus 0 confer protection 86.0% (95% CI:77.2%～91.5%) of recipients and VEs for 1 dose are statistically different between 4 years (96.7%,95% CI:92.6%～98.5%) and 12 years (53.0%,95% CI:35.1%～ 66.0%) after S79 vaccination. Conclusion The live attenuated S79 Mumps Vaccine can effectively prevent clinical Mumps and the protection rapidly deceases in 5th years after vaccination.
Takehiro Togashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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analysis of Mumps Vaccine failure by means of avidity testing for Mumps virus specific immunoglobulin g
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 1998Co-Authors: Mitsuo Narita, Yoshihiro Matsuzono, Yasuo Takekoshi, S Yamada, Osamu Itakura, Mitsuru Kubota, Hideaki Kikuta, Takehiro TogashiAbstract:To characterize patients with Mumps Vaccine failure, avidity testing was performed with the Enzygnost Anti-Parotitis Virus/IgG kit using a single-dilution–6 M urea denaturation method. Five groups of patients were tested. Group 1 consisted of 29 patients with primary Mumps infections; group 2 was 20 children and adults with a definite history of natural infection; group 3 was 7 patients with a recent Mumps vaccination, 1 of whom developed parotid gland swelling and aseptic meningitis; group 4 was 14 patients with Mumps Vaccine failure; and group 5 was 6 patients with recurrent episodes of parotitis in addition to a history of vaccination. On the basis of the results of groups 1 and 2, an avidity of ≦31% was determined to be low, and ≧32% was determined to be high. Avidity maturation from low to high appears to occur around 180 days after the acute illness. The results of group 3 showed that the Vaccine-induced immunoglobulin G (IgG) had very low avidity. Among the 14 patients in group 4, 12 patients, including 7 with a positive IgM response, were diagnosed as having secondary Vaccine failures. The results of group 5 suggested the possibility that the avidity of the Mumps Vaccine-induced IgG remains low or borderline. These results showed that secondary Mumps Vaccine failure occurs not infrequently, even among school age children under condition in which the Vaccine coverage is low (i.e., 33% in our study population), and therefore, Vaccinees are prone to be exposed to wild-type viruses. Avidity testing should provide information useful for the analysis of Mumps virus infections.
