The Experts below are selected from a list of 118452 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jaume Perezsanchez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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unraveling the molecular signatures of oxidative phosphorylation to cope with the nutritionally changing metabolic capabilities of liver and Muscle Tissues in farmed fish
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Azucena Bermejonogales, Josep A Calduchginer, Jaume PerezsanchezAbstract:Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation provides over 90% of the energy produced by aerobic organisms, therefore the regulation of mitochondrial activity is a major issue for coping with the changing environment and energy needs. In fish, there is a large body of evidence of adaptive changes in enzymatic activities of the OXPHOS pathway, but less is known at the transcriptional level and the first aim of the present study was to define the molecular identity of the actively transcribed subunits of the mitochondrial respiratory chain of a livestock animal, using gilthead sea bream as a model of farmed fish with a high added value for European aquaculture. Extensive BLAST searches in our transcriptomic database (www.nutrigroup-iats.org/seabreamdb) yielded 97 new sequences with a high coverage of catalytic, regulatory and assembly factors of Complex I to V. This was the basis for the development of a PCR array for the simultaneous profiling of 88 selected genes. This new genomic resource allowed the differential gene expression of liver and Muscle Tissues in a model of 10 fasting days. A consistent down-regulated response involving 72 genes was made by the liver, whereas an up-regulated response with 29 and 10 differentially expressed genes was found in white skeletal Muscle and heart, respectively. This differential regulation was mostly mediated by nuclear-encoded genes (skeletal Muscle) or both mitochondrial- and nuclear-encoded genes (liver, heart), which is indicative of a complex and differential regulation of mitochondrial and nuclear genomes, according to the changes in the lipogenic activity of liver and the oxidative capacity of glycolytic and highly oxidative Muscle Tissues. These insights contribute to the identification of the most responsive elements of OXPHOS in each tissue, which is of relevance for the appropriate gene targeting of nutritional and/or environmental metabolic disturbances in livestock animals.
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transcriptional assessment by microarray analysis and large scale meta analysis of the metabolic capacity of cardiac and skeletal Muscle Tissues to cope with reduced nutrient availability in gilthead sea bream sparus aurata l
Marine Biotechnology, 2014Co-Authors: Josep A Calduchginer, Yann Echasseriau, Diego Crespo, Daniel Baron, Josep V Planas, Patrick Prunet, Jaume PerezsanchezAbstract:The effects of nutrient availability on the transcriptome of cardiac and skeletal Muscle Tissues were assessed in juvenile gilthead sea bream fed with a standard diet at two feeding levels: (1) full ration size and (2) 70 % satiation followed by a finishing phase at the maintenance ration. Microarray analysis evidenced a characteristic transcriptomic profile for each Muscle tissue following changes in oxidative capacity (heart > red skeletal Muscle > white skeletal Muscle). The transcriptome of heart and secondly that of red skeletal Muscle were highly responsive to nutritional changes, whereas that of glycolytic white skeletal Muscle showed less ability to respond. The highly expressed and nutritionally regulated genes of heart were mainly related to signal transduction and transcriptional regulation. In contrast, those of white Muscle were enriched in gene ontology (GO) terms related to proteolysis and protein ubiquitination. Microarray meta-analysis using the bioinformatic tool Fish and Chips (http://fishandchips.genouest.org/index.php) showed the close association of a representative cluster of white skeletal Muscle with some of cardiac and red skeletal Muscle, and many GO terms related to mitochondrial function appeared to be common links between them. A second round of cluster comparisons revealed that mitochondria-related GOs also linked differentially expressed genes of heart with those of liver from cortisol-treated gilthead sea bream. These results show that mitochondria are among the first responders to environmental and nutritional stress stimuli in gilthead sea bream, and functional phenotyping of this cellular organelle is highly promising to obtain reliable markers of growth performance and well-being in this fish species.
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feed restriction up regulates uncoupling protein 3 ucp3 gene expression in heart and red Muscle Tissues of gilthead sea bream sparus aurata l new insights in substrate oxidation and energy expenditure
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2011Co-Authors: Azucena Bermejonogales, Laura Beneditopalos, Josep A Calduchginer, Jaume PerezsanchezAbstract:Abstract The physiological regulation of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) remains practically unexplored in fish and the aim of this study was to examine the effects of ration size on the regulation of UCP3 in heart, red skeletal Muscle and white skeletal Muscle of gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata L.). Juvenile fish were fed at three different levels for 11 weeks: i) full ration until visual satiety (R 100 group), ii) 70% of satiation (R 70 group) and iii) 70% of satiation with two finishing weeks at the maintenance ration (20% of the satiation level) (R 70–20 group). The thirty percent feed restriction improved fish performance, increasing feed conversion efficiency and circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). Fish of the R 70–20 group showed reduced growth and low circulating levels of IGF-I in combination with increased circulating concentrations of growth hormone and free fatty acids. Feed restriction did not alter UCP3 transcript levels in white skeletal Muscle, but improved this tissue's oxidative capacity as assessed by changes in glycolytic and oxidative mitochondrial enzyme activities. In contrast, in cardiac and red skeletal Muscle Tissues, this dietary treatment primarily increased UCP3 mRNA expression. The respiratory control ratio of freshly isolated heart mitochondria was slightly lower in R 70–20 fish than in R 100 fish, which suggests that there was an increase in mitochondrial uncoupling concomitant with the enhanced UCP3 mRNA expression. Altogether, these findings highlight the different adaptive mechanism of glycolytic and highly oxidative Muscle Tissues for their rapid adjustment to varying feed intake.
Susan J Gunst - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vinculin phosphorylation at tyr1065 regulates vinculin conformation and tension development in airway smooth Muscle Tissues
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2014Co-Authors: Youliang Huang, Richard O Day, Susan J GunstAbstract:Vinculin localizes to membrane adhesion junctions in smooth Muscle Tissues, where its head domain binds to talin and its tail domain binds to filamentous actin, thus linking actin filaments to the extracellular matrix. Vinculin can assume a closed conformation, in which the head and tail domains bind to each other and mask the binding sites for actin and talin, and an open activated conformation that exposes the binding sites for talin and actin. Acetylcholine stimulation of tracheal smooth Muscle Tissues induces the recruitment of vinculin to the cell membrane and its interaction with talin and actin, which is required for active tension development. Vinculin phosphorylation at Tyr1065 on its C terminus increases concurrently with tension development in tracheal smooth Muscle Tissues. In the present study, the role of vinculin phosphorylation at Tyr1065 in regulating the conformation and function of vinculin during airway smooth Muscle contraction was evaluated. Vinculin constructs with point mutations at Tyr1065 (vinculin Y1065F and vinculin Y1065E) and vinculin conformation-sensitive FRET probes were expressed in smooth Muscle Tissues to determine how Tyr1065 phosphorylation affects smooth Muscle contraction and the conformation and cellular functions of vinculin. The results show that vinculin phosphorylation at tyrosine 1065 is required for normal tension generation in airway smooth Muscle during contractile stimulation and that Tyr1065 phosphorylation regulates the conformation and scaffolding activity of the vinculin molecule. We conclude that the phosphorylation of vinculin at tyrosine 1065 provides a mechanism for regulating the function of vinculin in airway smooth Muscle in response to contractile stimulation.
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actin depolymerization factor cofilin activation regulates actin polymerization and tension development in canine tracheal smooth Muscle
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2008Co-Authors: Rong Zhao, Youliang Huang, Susan J GunstAbstract:The contractile activation of airway smooth Muscle Tissues stimulates actin polymerization, and the inhibition of actin polymerization inhibits tension development. Actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) and cofilin are members of a family of actin-binding proteins that mediate the severing of F-actin when activated by dephosphorylation at serine 3. The role of ADF/cofilin activation in the regulation of actin dynamics and tension development during the contractile activation of smooth Muscle was evaluated in intact canine tracheal smooth Muscle Tissues. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed that ADF and cofilin exist in similar proportions in the Muscle Tissues, and that approximately 40% of the total ADF/cofilin in unstimulated Tissues is phosphorylated. Phospho-ADF/cofilin decreased concurrently with tension development in response to stimulation with acetylcholine (ACh) or potassium depolarization indicating the activation of ADF/cofilin. Expression of an inactive phospho-cofilin mimetic (cofilin S3E) but not wild type cofilin in the smooth Muscle Tissues inhibited endogenous ADF/cofilin dephosphorylation and ACh-induced actin polymerization. Expression of cofilin S3E in the Tissues depressed tension development in response to ACh, but it did not affect myosin light chain phosphorylation. The ACh-induced dephosphorylation of ADF/cofilin required the Ca2+-dependent activation of calcineurin (PP2B). The results indicate that the activation of ADF/cofilin is regulated by contractile stimulation in tracheal smooth Muscle and that cofilin activation is required for actin polymerization and tension development in response to contractile stimulation.
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the adapter protein crkii regulates neuronal wiskott aldrich syndrome protein actin polymerization and tension development during contractile stimulation of smooth Muscle
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Dale D. Tang, Wenwu Zhang, Susan J GunstAbstract:Abstract Actin polymerization has been shown to occur in tracheal smooth Muscle Tissues and cells in response to contractile stimulation, and there is evidence that the polymerization of actin is required for contraction. In tracheal smooth Muscle, agonist-induced actin polymerization is mediated by activation of neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASp) and the Arp (actin-related protein) 2/3 complex, and activation of the small GTPase Cdc42 regulates the activation of N-WASp. In the present study, the role of the adapter protein CrkII in the regulation of N-WASp and Cdc42 activation, actin polymerization, and tension development in smooth Muscle Tissues was evaluated. Stimulation of tracheal smooth Muscle Tissues with acetylcholine increased the association of CrkII with N-WASp. Plasmids encoding wild type CrkII or a CrkII mutant lacking the SH3 effector-binding ability, CrkII SH3N, were introduced into tracheal smooth Muscle Tissues, and the Tissues were incubated for 2 days to allow for protein expression. Expression of the CrkII SH3N mutant in smooth Muscle Tissues inhibited the association of CrkII with N-WASp and the activation of Cdc42. The CrkII SH3N mutant also inhibited the increase in the association of N-WASp with Arp2, a major component of the Arp2/3 complex, in response to contractile stimulation, indicating inhibition of N-WASp activation. Expression of the CrkII SH3N mutant also inhibited tension generation and actin polymerization in response to contractile stimulation; however, it did not inhibit myosin light chain phosphorylation. These results suggest that CrkII plays a critical role in the regulation of N-WASp activation, perhaps by regulating the activation of Cdc42, and that it thereby regulates actin polymerization and active tension generation in tracheal smooth Muscle. These studies suggest a novel signaling pathway for the regulation of N-WASp activation and active contraction in smooth Muscle Tissues.
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activation of the arp2 3 complex by n wasp is required for actin polymerization and contraction in smooth Muscle
American Journal of Physiology-cell Physiology, 2005Co-Authors: Wenwu Zhang, Dale D. Tang, Yidi Wu, Liping Du, Susan J GunstAbstract:Contractile stimulation has been shown to initiate actin polymerization in smooth Muscle Tissues, and this actin polymerization is required for active tension development. We evaluated whether neur...
Josep A Calduchginer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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unraveling the molecular signatures of oxidative phosphorylation to cope with the nutritionally changing metabolic capabilities of liver and Muscle Tissues in farmed fish
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Azucena Bermejonogales, Josep A Calduchginer, Jaume PerezsanchezAbstract:Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation provides over 90% of the energy produced by aerobic organisms, therefore the regulation of mitochondrial activity is a major issue for coping with the changing environment and energy needs. In fish, there is a large body of evidence of adaptive changes in enzymatic activities of the OXPHOS pathway, but less is known at the transcriptional level and the first aim of the present study was to define the molecular identity of the actively transcribed subunits of the mitochondrial respiratory chain of a livestock animal, using gilthead sea bream as a model of farmed fish with a high added value for European aquaculture. Extensive BLAST searches in our transcriptomic database (www.nutrigroup-iats.org/seabreamdb) yielded 97 new sequences with a high coverage of catalytic, regulatory and assembly factors of Complex I to V. This was the basis for the development of a PCR array for the simultaneous profiling of 88 selected genes. This new genomic resource allowed the differential gene expression of liver and Muscle Tissues in a model of 10 fasting days. A consistent down-regulated response involving 72 genes was made by the liver, whereas an up-regulated response with 29 and 10 differentially expressed genes was found in white skeletal Muscle and heart, respectively. This differential regulation was mostly mediated by nuclear-encoded genes (skeletal Muscle) or both mitochondrial- and nuclear-encoded genes (liver, heart), which is indicative of a complex and differential regulation of mitochondrial and nuclear genomes, according to the changes in the lipogenic activity of liver and the oxidative capacity of glycolytic and highly oxidative Muscle Tissues. These insights contribute to the identification of the most responsive elements of OXPHOS in each tissue, which is of relevance for the appropriate gene targeting of nutritional and/or environmental metabolic disturbances in livestock animals.
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transcriptional assessment by microarray analysis and large scale meta analysis of the metabolic capacity of cardiac and skeletal Muscle Tissues to cope with reduced nutrient availability in gilthead sea bream sparus aurata l
Marine Biotechnology, 2014Co-Authors: Josep A Calduchginer, Yann Echasseriau, Diego Crespo, Daniel Baron, Josep V Planas, Patrick Prunet, Jaume PerezsanchezAbstract:The effects of nutrient availability on the transcriptome of cardiac and skeletal Muscle Tissues were assessed in juvenile gilthead sea bream fed with a standard diet at two feeding levels: (1) full ration size and (2) 70 % satiation followed by a finishing phase at the maintenance ration. Microarray analysis evidenced a characteristic transcriptomic profile for each Muscle tissue following changes in oxidative capacity (heart > red skeletal Muscle > white skeletal Muscle). The transcriptome of heart and secondly that of red skeletal Muscle were highly responsive to nutritional changes, whereas that of glycolytic white skeletal Muscle showed less ability to respond. The highly expressed and nutritionally regulated genes of heart were mainly related to signal transduction and transcriptional regulation. In contrast, those of white Muscle were enriched in gene ontology (GO) terms related to proteolysis and protein ubiquitination. Microarray meta-analysis using the bioinformatic tool Fish and Chips (http://fishandchips.genouest.org/index.php) showed the close association of a representative cluster of white skeletal Muscle with some of cardiac and red skeletal Muscle, and many GO terms related to mitochondrial function appeared to be common links between them. A second round of cluster comparisons revealed that mitochondria-related GOs also linked differentially expressed genes of heart with those of liver from cortisol-treated gilthead sea bream. These results show that mitochondria are among the first responders to environmental and nutritional stress stimuli in gilthead sea bream, and functional phenotyping of this cellular organelle is highly promising to obtain reliable markers of growth performance and well-being in this fish species.
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feed restriction up regulates uncoupling protein 3 ucp3 gene expression in heart and red Muscle Tissues of gilthead sea bream sparus aurata l new insights in substrate oxidation and energy expenditure
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2011Co-Authors: Azucena Bermejonogales, Laura Beneditopalos, Josep A Calduchginer, Jaume PerezsanchezAbstract:Abstract The physiological regulation of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) remains practically unexplored in fish and the aim of this study was to examine the effects of ration size on the regulation of UCP3 in heart, red skeletal Muscle and white skeletal Muscle of gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata L.). Juvenile fish were fed at three different levels for 11 weeks: i) full ration until visual satiety (R 100 group), ii) 70% of satiation (R 70 group) and iii) 70% of satiation with two finishing weeks at the maintenance ration (20% of the satiation level) (R 70–20 group). The thirty percent feed restriction improved fish performance, increasing feed conversion efficiency and circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). Fish of the R 70–20 group showed reduced growth and low circulating levels of IGF-I in combination with increased circulating concentrations of growth hormone and free fatty acids. Feed restriction did not alter UCP3 transcript levels in white skeletal Muscle, but improved this tissue's oxidative capacity as assessed by changes in glycolytic and oxidative mitochondrial enzyme activities. In contrast, in cardiac and red skeletal Muscle Tissues, this dietary treatment primarily increased UCP3 mRNA expression. The respiratory control ratio of freshly isolated heart mitochondria was slightly lower in R 70–20 fish than in R 100 fish, which suggests that there was an increase in mitochondrial uncoupling concomitant with the enhanced UCP3 mRNA expression. Altogether, these findings highlight the different adaptive mechanism of glycolytic and highly oxidative Muscle Tissues for their rapid adjustment to varying feed intake.
G Y Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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molecular cloning polymorphism and association analyses of a novel porcine mrna differentially expressed in the longissimus Muscle Tissues from meishan and large white pigs
Molecular Biology Reports, 2009Co-Authors: G Y Liu, Y Z XiongAbstract:The mRNA differential display technique was performed to investigate the differences of gene expression in the longissimus Muscle Tissues from Meishan and Large White pigs. One novel mRNA that was differentially expressed was identified through semi-quantitative RT-PCR and the cDNA complete sequence was then obtained using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method. The nucleotide sequence of the mRNA is not homologous to any of the known porcine genes. Sequence prediction analysis revealed that the this mRNA is not protein-coding mRNA. Polymorphism analyses revealed that there was a C-T mutation on the position of 669 bp and PCR -Dra I-RFLP analyses revealed that Chinese indigenous pig breeds and exotic pig breeds displayed obvious genotype and allele frequency differences at this locus. Association analyses revealed that this polymorphic locus was significantly associated with the drip loss rate, skin percentage, meat color value (m.Longissimus Dorsi, LD), loin eye width, loin eye area, water holding capacity, carcass length, caul fat weight, intramuscular fat (m.Longissimus Dorsi, LD), lean meat weight, lean meat percentage, backfat thickness at buttock (P < 0.05).
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molecular characterization and expression profile of a novel porcine gene differentially expressed in the Muscle Tissues from meishan large white and their hybrids
Molecular Biology Reports, 2009Co-Authors: G Y Liu, Y Z XiongAbstract:In order to detect the molecular mechanism of heterosis in pigs, the mRNA differential display technique was performed to investigate the differences in gene expression in the longissimus dorsi Muscle Tissues from Meishan, Meishan × Large White cross and Large White pigs. One novel gene that was differentially expressed was identified using semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and its full-length cDNA sequence was obtained using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method. The nucleotide sequence of the gene is not homologous to any of the known porcine genes. Sequence analysis revealed that open reading frame of this gene encoding a protein of 105 amid acids and this protein showed 100% homology to bovine and ovine CYCS, and therefore, this gene can be defined as the swine CYCS gene. The genomic sequence of swine CYCS gene was finally amplified and result revealed that the swine CYCS gene contains no introns. Tissue expression profile analysis revealed that swine CYCS gene was highly expressed in Muscle, fat and lung, moderately expressed in ovary, kidney, and liver, and weekly expressed in heart, spleen and small intestine. Our results established the primary foundation for further research into the biological significance of swine CYCS gene.
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isolation sequence analysis and expression profile of a novel porcine gene nip7 differentially expressed in the longissimus dorsi Muscle Tissues from meishan meishan x large white cross and large white pigs
Molecular Biology Reports, 2007Co-Authors: G Y Liu, Yuanzhu XiongAbstract:In order to detect the molecular mechanism of heterosis in pigs, the mRNA differential display technique was performed to investigate the differences in gene expression in the Longissimus dorsi Muscle Tissues from Meishan, Meishan x Large White cross and Large White pigs. One novel gene that was differentially expressed was identified using semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and its complete cDNA sequence was obtained using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method. The nucleotide sequence of the gene is not homologous to any of the known porcine genes. The sequence prediction analysis revealed that the open reading frame of this gene encodes a protein of 180 amino acids that contains the conserved putative RNA-binding domain in PseudoUridine synthase and Archaeosine transglycosylase (PUA) and has high homology with the 60S ribosome subunit biogenesis protein NIP7 homolog of three species--human (98%), mouse (97%) and rat (96%)--so that it can be defined as swine 60S ribosome subunit biogenesis protein NIP7 homolog (NIP7). The tissue expression analysis indicated that the swine NIP7 gene is over expressed in Muscle, heart, liver, fat, kidney, and lung, but weakly expressed in small intestine, ovary, and spleen. The genomic DNA sequence of swine NIP7 gene was finally amplified and result revealed that the swine NIP7 gene contains five exons and four introns. Our experiment is the first to establish the primary foundation for further research on the swine NIP7 gene.
Yuanzhu Xiong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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isolation sequence analysis and expression profile of a novel porcine gene nip7 differentially expressed in the longissimus dorsi Muscle Tissues from meishan meishan x large white cross and large white pigs
Molecular Biology Reports, 2007Co-Authors: G Y Liu, Yuanzhu XiongAbstract:In order to detect the molecular mechanism of heterosis in pigs, the mRNA differential display technique was performed to investigate the differences in gene expression in the Longissimus dorsi Muscle Tissues from Meishan, Meishan x Large White cross and Large White pigs. One novel gene that was differentially expressed was identified using semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and its complete cDNA sequence was obtained using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method. The nucleotide sequence of the gene is not homologous to any of the known porcine genes. The sequence prediction analysis revealed that the open reading frame of this gene encodes a protein of 180 amino acids that contains the conserved putative RNA-binding domain in PseudoUridine synthase and Archaeosine transglycosylase (PUA) and has high homology with the 60S ribosome subunit biogenesis protein NIP7 homolog of three species--human (98%), mouse (97%) and rat (96%)--so that it can be defined as swine 60S ribosome subunit biogenesis protein NIP7 homolog (NIP7). The tissue expression analysis indicated that the swine NIP7 gene is over expressed in Muscle, heart, liver, fat, kidney, and lung, but weakly expressed in small intestine, ovary, and spleen. The genomic DNA sequence of swine NIP7 gene was finally amplified and result revealed that the swine NIP7 gene contains five exons and four introns. Our experiment is the first to establish the primary foundation for further research on the swine NIP7 gene.
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isolation sequence analysis and expression profile of a novel swine gene differentially expressed in the longissimus dorsi Muscle Tissues from landrace large white cross combination
Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica, 2005Co-Authors: Yuanzhu Xiong, Changyan DengAbstract:The mRNA differential display technique was performed to investigate the differences in gene expression in the Longissimus dorsi Muscle Tissues from Landrace×Large White cross-combination. One novel gene that was differentially expressed was identified using semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and its complete cDNA sequence was obtained using the rapid amplifi- cation of cDNA ends (RACE) method. The nucleotide sequence of the gene is not homologous to any of the known porcine genes. The sequence prediction analysis revealed that the open reading frame of this gene encodes a protein of 260 amino acids that contains the putative conserved domain of the carbonic anhydrase, and this protein has high homology with the carbonic anhydrase III (CA-III) of four species—mouse (91%), horse (91%), rat (89%) and human (86%)—so that it can be defined as swine carbonic anhydrase III. The phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the swine CA-III has a closer genetic relationship with the horse CA-III than with those of mouse, rat and human. The tissue expression analysis indicated that the swine CA-III gene is generally expressed in most Tissues. Our experiment is the first to establish the primary foundation for further research on the swine CA-III gene.
