The Experts below are selected from a list of 61707 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mathieu Bollen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Enhanced DNA-repair capacity and resistance to chemically induced carcinogenesis upon deletion of the phosphatase regulator NIPP1
Oncogenesis, 2020Co-Authors: Iris Verbinnen, Shannah Boens, Monica Ferreira, Kathelijne Szekér, Louise Wijk, Aleyde Eynde, Mathieu BollenAbstract:Nuclear Inhibitor of PP1 (NIPP1) is a conserved regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase PP1. The selective deletion of NIPP1 in mouse liver parenchymal cells or skin epidermal cells culminates in a late-onset hyperproliferation of a subset of resident progenitor cells. Although a hyperplastic phenotype is usually tumor promoting, we show here that the absence of NIPP1 conferred a strong resistance to chemically induced hepatocellular or skin carcinoma. The ablation of NIPP1 did not affect the metabolism of the administered Mutagens (diethylnitrosamine or 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene), but reduced the conversion of Mutagen-induced covalent DNA modifications into cancer-initiating mutations. This reduced sensitivity to Mutagens correlated with an enhanced DNA-damage response and an augmented expression of rate-limiting DNA-repair proteins (MGMT in liver, XPD and XPG in skin), hinting at an increased DNA-repair capacity. Our data identify NIPP1 as a repressor of DNA repair and as a promising target for novel cancer prevention and treatment therapies.
Ghansham B. Dixit - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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EMS, sodium azide and gamma rays induced meiotic anomalies in Delphinium malabaricum
2014Co-Authors: Firdose R. Kolar, Ghansham B. DixitAbstract:Meiotic cell division is a dynamic cellular process controlled by a large number of genes that act from premeiotic to postmeiotic mitosis. Mutation in these genes may cause anomalies that impair plant fertility. In this study, an attempt has therefore been made to understand the effects of ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS), sodium azide (SA) and gamma rays on the meiotic configuration of Delphinium malabaricum. The results demonstrated that the Mutagens cause various types of cytological aberrations, such as univalents, chromatin bridges, laggards, fragments, stickiness and multinucleated cells. The maximum aberrations were found at higher doses/concentrations of the Mutagens. The highest percentage of pollen mother cells showing abnormalities was induced by EMS followed by gamma rays and SA. The Mutagen impact on chromosomal anomalies increased the frequency of pollen sterility.
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EMS, sodium azide and gamma rays induced meiotic anomalies in Delphinium malabaricum (Huth) Munz
Israel Journal of Plant Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Firdose R. Kolar, Ghansham B. DixitAbstract:Meiotic cell division is a dynamic cellular process controlled by a large number of genes that act from premeiotic to postmeiotic mitosis. Mutation in these genes may cause anomalies that impair plant fertility. In this study, an attempt has therefore been made to understand the effects of ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS), sodium azide (SA) and gamma rays on the meiotic configuration of Delphinium malabaricum. The results demonstrated that the Mutagens cause various types of cytological aberrations, such as univalents, chromatin bridges, laggards, fragments, stickiness and multinucleated cells. The maximum aberrations were found at higher doses/concentrations of the Mutagens. The highest percentage of pollen mother cells showing abnormalities was induced by EMS followed by gamma rays and SA. The Mutagen impact on chromosomal anomalies increased the frequency of pollen sterility.
Iris Verbinnen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Enhanced DNA-repair capacity and resistance to chemically induced carcinogenesis upon deletion of the phosphatase regulator NIPP1
Oncogenesis, 2020Co-Authors: Iris Verbinnen, Shannah Boens, Monica Ferreira, Kathelijne Szekér, Louise Wijk, Aleyde Eynde, Mathieu BollenAbstract:Nuclear Inhibitor of PP1 (NIPP1) is a conserved regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase PP1. The selective deletion of NIPP1 in mouse liver parenchymal cells or skin epidermal cells culminates in a late-onset hyperproliferation of a subset of resident progenitor cells. Although a hyperplastic phenotype is usually tumor promoting, we show here that the absence of NIPP1 conferred a strong resistance to chemically induced hepatocellular or skin carcinoma. The ablation of NIPP1 did not affect the metabolism of the administered Mutagens (diethylnitrosamine or 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene), but reduced the conversion of Mutagen-induced covalent DNA modifications into cancer-initiating mutations. This reduced sensitivity to Mutagens correlated with an enhanced DNA-damage response and an augmented expression of rate-limiting DNA-repair proteins (MGMT in liver, XPD and XPG in skin), hinting at an increased DNA-repair capacity. Our data identify NIPP1 as a repressor of DNA repair and as a promising target for novel cancer prevention and treatment therapies.
Caradonna Fabio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Le linee cellulari V79 e Caco-2: due modelli per studi in vitro di epi-Mutagenesi
GRIM Palermo - Prof. Claudio Fazio, 2020Co-Authors: Caradonna FabioAbstract:È da pochi anni noto che alcune sostanze, non classificabili come veri e propri Mutageni, sono in realtà dei modulatori epigenetici ed inducono cambiamenti nella metilazione del DNA, nella acetilazione/deacetilazione degli istoni e possono modificare la sintesi endocellulare di alcuni miRNA. Inducendo modificazioni epigenetiche non causano mutazioni genetiche, sfuggono ai test di Mutagenesi e carcinogenesi fino ad ora utilizzati ma possono ugualmente avere effetti fenotipici simili a quelli di un Mutageno/carcinogeno. Per anni l’arsenico, noto veleno ad alte dosi, contaminante obbligato delle acque potabili, è stato oggetto di dibattiti sulla sua Mutagenicità a basse dosi. Utilizzato, paradossalmente, come chemioterapico in alcune terapie oncologiche, mostrava effetti Mutagenetici non coerenti a tal punto che la comunità scientifica, fino a qualche anno fa, non lo aveva classificato come Mutageno. Alcune risposte sono venute recentemente proprio dall’uso, nel nostro laboratorio, di linee cellulari stabilizzate di laboratorio, come ad esempio le cellule V79-Cl3 di Hamster chinese, con le quali è stato possibile contribuire a chiarire che l’arsenico, a basse dosi, compatibili con quelle contenute nelle acque potabili, non è un Mutageno ma un epi-Mutageno cioè una sostanza in grado di indurre modifiche epigenetiche (in particolare nella metilazione del DNA), modifiche che, in certe condizioni possono indirettamente sfociare in situazioni ugualmente problematiche per la cellula o per un organismo. Un’altra linea cellulare usata come modello è rappresentata dalle cellule Caco-2. Questa linea cellulare, ottenuta da carcinoma di colon umano, se opportunamente coltivata fino alla differenziazione delle cellule, può anche rappresentare un modello di epitelio intestinale normaloide su cui fare studi di compatibilità, tossicità, genotossicità ed epi-genotossicità di sostanze. Studi metilomici preliminari, condotti nel nostro laboratorio, hanno dato interessanti indicazioni che gli estratti di alcuni cibi sono in grado di contrastare l’effetto epi-Mutagenetico dell’arsenico aprendo avvincenti scenari di ricerca applicata, utili alla recente tendenza del settore agro-alimentare industriale, quale quella di “funzionalizzare” cibi e bevande.It has been known that some substances, not classifiable as Mutagens, are actually epigenetic modulators and induce changes in DNA methylation, in the acetylation / deacetylation of histones and can modify the endo-cellular synthesis of some miRNAs. By inducing epigenetic modifications, they do not cause genetic mutations, they escape the Mutagenesis and carcinogenesis tests but can equally induce phenotypic effects similar to those of a Mutagen / carcinogen. For years arsenic, a well-known high-dose poison, a contaminant of drinking water, has been the subject of debates on its low-dose Mutagenicity. Used, unexpectedly, in the chemotherapy of some cancers, it showed Mutagenic effects so that the scientific community, until a few years ago, did not classify it as a Mutagen. Some responses have recently come from the use, in our lab, of stabilized cell lines, such as the V79-Cl3 cells from Hamster Chinese, with which was clarified that arsenic, at doses similar to those contained in drinking water, is not a Mutagen but an epiMutagen that is a substance capable of inducing epigenetic changes (in particular in DNA methylation), modifications which, under certain conditions, can indirectly lead to equally problematic situations for the cell or for an organism. Another cell line used as a model is represented by Caco-2 cells. This cell line, obtained from human colon carcinoma, if properly cultivated up to the differentiation of cells, can also represent a model of normaloid intestinal epithelium on which it is possible to perform compatibility studies, toxicity, genotoxicity and epigenotoxicity tests. Preliminary methylomic studies, carried out in our lab, have given interesting indications that the extracts of some foods are able to contrast the epi-Mutagenic effect of arsenic opening exciting scenarios of applied research, useful to the recent trend of the agro-food industry, such as the "functionalizing" of food or drinks
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Le linee cellulari V79 e Caco-2: due modelli per studi in vitro di epi-Mutagenesi
GRIM Palermo - Prof. Claudio Fazio, 2020Co-Authors: Caradonna FabioAbstract:\uc8 da pochi anni noto che alcune sostanze, non classificabili come veri e propri Mutageni, sono in realt\ue0 dei modulatori epigenetici ed inducono cambiamenti nella metilazione del DNA, nella acetilazione/deacetilazione degli istoni e possono modificare la sintesi endocellulare di alcuni miRNA. Inducendo modificazioni epigenetiche non causano mutazioni genetiche, sfuggono ai test di Mutagenesi e carcinogenesi fino ad ora utilizzati ma possono ugualmente avere effetti fenotipici simili a quelli di un Mutageno/carcinogeno. Per anni l\u2019arsenico, noto veleno ad alte dosi, contaminante obbligato delle acque potabili, \ue8 stato oggetto di dibattiti sulla sua Mutagenicit\ue0 a basse dosi. Utilizzato, paradossalmente, come chemioterapico in alcune terapie oncologiche, mostrava effetti Mutagenetici non coerenti a tal punto che la comunit\ue0 scientifica, fino a qualche anno fa, non lo aveva classificato come Mutageno. Alcune risposte sono venute recentemente proprio dall\u2019uso, nel nostro laboratorio, di linee cellulari stabilizzate di laboratorio, come ad esempio le cellule V79-Cl3 di Hamster chinese, con le quali \ue8 stato possibile contribuire a chiarire che l\u2019arsenico, a basse dosi, compatibili con quelle contenute nelle acque potabili, non \ue8 un Mutageno ma un epi-Mutageno cio\ue8 una sostanza in grado di indurre modifiche epigenetiche (in particolare nella metilazione del DNA), modifiche che, in certe condizioni possono indirettamente sfociare in situazioni ugualmente problematiche per la cellula o per un organismo. Un\u2019altra linea cellulare usata come modello \ue8 rappresentata dalle cellule Caco-2. Questa linea cellulare, ottenuta da carcinoma di colon umano, se opportunamente coltivata fino alla differenziazione delle cellule, pu\uf2 anche rappresentare un modello di epitelio intestinale normaloide su cui fare studi di compatibilit\ue0, tossicit\ue0, genotossicit\ue0 ed epi-genotossicit\ue0 di sostanze. Studi metilomici preliminari, condotti nel nostro laboratorio, hanno dato interessanti indicazioni che gli estratti di alcuni cibi sono in grado di contrastare l\u2019effetto epi-Mutagenetico dell\u2019arsenico aprendo avvincenti scenari di ricerca applicata, utili alla recente tendenza del settore agro-alimentare industriale, quale quella di \u201cfunzionalizzare\u201d cibi e bevande.It has been known that some substances, not classifiable as Mutagens, are actually epigenetic modulators and induce changes in DNA methylation, in the acetylation / deacetylation of histones and can modify the endo-cellular synthesis of some miRNAs. By inducing epigenetic modifications, they do not cause genetic mutations, they escape the Mutagenesis and carcinogenesis tests but can equally induce phenotypic effects similar to those of a Mutagen / carcinogen. For years arsenic, a well-known high-dose poison, a contaminant of drinking water, has been the subject of debates on its low-dose Mutagenicity. Used, unexpectedly, in the chemotherapy of some cancers, it showed Mutagenic effects so that the scientific community, until a few years ago, did not classify it as a Mutagen. Some responses have recently come from the use, in our lab, of stabilized cell lines, such as the V79-Cl3 cells from Hamster Chinese, with which was clarified that arsenic, at doses similar to those contained in drinking water, is not a Mutagen but an epiMutagen that is a substance capable of inducing epigenetic changes (in particular in DNA methylation), modifications which, under certain conditions, can indirectly lead to equally problematic situations for the cell or for an organism. Another cell line used as a model is represented by Caco-2 cells. This cell line, obtained from human colon carcinoma, if properly cultivated up to the differentiation of cells, can also represent a model of normaloid intestinal epithelium on which it is possible to perform compatibility studies, toxicity, genotoxicity and epigenotoxicity tests. Preliminary methylomic studies, carried out in our lab, have given interesting indications that the extracts of some foods are able to contrast the epi-Mutagenic effect of arsenic opening exciting scenarios of applied research, useful to the recent trend of the agro-food industry, such as the "functionalizing" of food or drinks
Firdose R. Kolar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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EMS, sodium azide and gamma rays induced meiotic anomalies in Delphinium malabaricum
2014Co-Authors: Firdose R. Kolar, Ghansham B. DixitAbstract:Meiotic cell division is a dynamic cellular process controlled by a large number of genes that act from premeiotic to postmeiotic mitosis. Mutation in these genes may cause anomalies that impair plant fertility. In this study, an attempt has therefore been made to understand the effects of ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS), sodium azide (SA) and gamma rays on the meiotic configuration of Delphinium malabaricum. The results demonstrated that the Mutagens cause various types of cytological aberrations, such as univalents, chromatin bridges, laggards, fragments, stickiness and multinucleated cells. The maximum aberrations were found at higher doses/concentrations of the Mutagens. The highest percentage of pollen mother cells showing abnormalities was induced by EMS followed by gamma rays and SA. The Mutagen impact on chromosomal anomalies increased the frequency of pollen sterility.
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EMS, sodium azide and gamma rays induced meiotic anomalies in Delphinium malabaricum (Huth) Munz
Israel Journal of Plant Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Firdose R. Kolar, Ghansham B. DixitAbstract:Meiotic cell division is a dynamic cellular process controlled by a large number of genes that act from premeiotic to postmeiotic mitosis. Mutation in these genes may cause anomalies that impair plant fertility. In this study, an attempt has therefore been made to understand the effects of ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS), sodium azide (SA) and gamma rays on the meiotic configuration of Delphinium malabaricum. The results demonstrated that the Mutagens cause various types of cytological aberrations, such as univalents, chromatin bridges, laggards, fragments, stickiness and multinucleated cells. The maximum aberrations were found at higher doses/concentrations of the Mutagens. The highest percentage of pollen mother cells showing abnormalities was induced by EMS followed by gamma rays and SA. The Mutagen impact on chromosomal anomalies increased the frequency of pollen sterility.
