The Experts below are selected from a list of 5502 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Chad A. Mirkin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Material transport in dip-pen Nanolithography
Frontiers of Physics, 2013Co-Authors: Keith A. Brown, Daniel J. Eichelsdoerfer, Xing Liao, Chad A. MirkinAbstract:Dip-pen Nanolithography (DPN) is a useful method for directly printing materials on surfaces with sub-50 nm resolution. Because it involves the physical transport of materials from a scanning probe tip to a surface and the subsequent chemical interaction of that material with the surface, there are many factors to consider when attempting to understand DPN. In this review, we overview the physical and chemical processes that are known to play a role in DPN. Through a detailed review of the literature, we classify inks into three general categories based on their transport properties, and highlight the myriad ways that DPN can be used to perform chemistry at the tip of a scanning probe.
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matrix assisted dip pen Nanolithography and polymer pen lithography
Small, 2009Co-Authors: Ling Huang, Adam B Braunschweig, Wooyoung Shim, Sarah J Hurst, Jaewon Jang, Chad A. MirkinAbstract:The controlled patterning of nanomaterials presents a major challenge to the field of Nanolithography because of differences in size, shape and solubility of these materials. Matrix-assisted dip-pen Nanolithography and polymer pen lithography provide a solution to this problem by utilizing a polymeric matrix that encapsulates the nanomaterials and delivers them to surfaces with precise control of feature size.
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Applications of dip-pen Nanolithography.
Nature Nanotechnology, 2007Co-Authors: Khalid Salaita, Yuhuang Wang, Chad A. MirkinAbstract:The ability to tailor the chemical composition and structure of a surface at the sub-100-nm length scale is important for studying topics ranging from molecular electronics to materials assembly, and for investigating biological recognition at the single biomolecule level. Dip-pen Nanolithography (DPN) is a scanning probe microscopy-based nanofabrication technique that uniquely combines direct-write soft-matter compatibility with the high resolution and registry of atomic force microscopy (AFM), which makes it a powerful tool for depositing soft and hard materials, in the form of stable and functional architectures, on a variety of surfaces. The technology is accessible to any researcher who can operate an AFM instrument and is now used by more than 200 laboratories throughout the world. This article introduces DPN and reviews the rapid growth of the field of DPN-enabled research and applications over the past several years.
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The evolution of dip-pen Nanolithography.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2004Co-Authors: David S. Ginger, Hua Zhang, Chad A. MirkinAbstract:The ability to tailor the chemical composition and structure of a surface on the 1-100 nm length scale is important to researchers studying topics ranging from electronic conduction, to catalysis, to biological recognition in nanoscale systems. Dip-pen Nanolithography (DPN) is a new scanning-probe based direct-write tool for generating such surface-patterned chemical functionality on the sub-100 nm length-scale, and it is a technique that is accessible to any researcher who can use an atomic force microscope. This article introduces DPN and reviews the rapid growth of the field of DPN-related research over the past few years. Topics covered range from the development of new classes of DPN-compatible chemistry, to experimental and theoretical advances in the understanding of the processes controlling tip-substrate ink transport, to the implementation of micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based strategies for parallel DPN applications.
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Dip-Pen Nanolithography: What Controls Ink Transport?
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2003Co-Authors: Sergey Rozhok, Richard Piner, Chad A. MirkinAbstract:The influence of temperature and humidity on the growth rates of 1-octadecanethiol (ODT) and 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid (MHA) monolayers deposited onto a gold substrate has been systematically studied in the context of dip-pen Nanolithography (DPN) experiments. By analyzing a statistically meaningful data set, we conclude that for both inks the deposition rate increases with increasing temperature, and that this temperature dependence is strongly affected by relative humidity, chemical nature of the ink and substrate, and writing speed. We attribute these observations to the different solubilities of the ink molecules in water (both the water in the meniscus and on the cantilever walls). In addition, we report a set of experiments that demonstrate meniscus formation even at 0% relative humidity due to residual water that moves to the point of contact between tip and sample.
Harald Fuchs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mechano and photochromism from bulk to nanoscale data storage on individual self assembled ribbons
Advanced Functional Materials, 2016Co-Authors: Damiano Genovese, Michael Hirtz, Harald Fuchs, Alessandro Aliprandi, Eko Adi Prasetyanto, Matteo Mauro, Yasuhiko Fujita, Hiroshi Ujii, Sergei Lebedkin, Manfred M KappesAbstract:A Pt(II) complex, bearing an oligo-ethyleneoxide pendant, is able to self-assemble in ultralong ribbons that display mechanochromism upon nanoscale mechanical stimuli, delivered through atomic force microscopy (AFM). Such observation paves the way to fine understanding and manipulation of the mechanochromic properties of such material at the nanoscale. AFM allows quantitative assessment of nanoscale mechanochromism as arising from static pressure (piezochromism) and from shear-based mechanical stimuli (tribochromism), and to compare them with bulk pressure-dependent luminescence observed with diamond-anvil cell (DAC) technique. Confocal spectral imaging reveals that mechanochromism only takes place within short distance from the localized mechanical stimulation, which allows to design high-density information writing with AFM Nanolithography applied on individual self-assembled ribbons. Each ribbon hence serves as an individual microsystem for data storage. The orange luminescence of written information displays high contrast compared to cyan native luminescence; moreover, it can be selectively excited with visible light. In addition, ribbons show photochromism, i.e., the emission spectrum changes upon exposure to light, in a similar way as upon mechanical stress. Photochromism is here conveniently used to conceal and eventually erase information previously written with Nanolithography by irradiation.
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Dip-Pen Nanolithography-Assisted Protein Crystallization
2015Co-Authors: Francesco S. Ielasi, Michael Hirtz, Harald Fuchs, Thomas Laue, Sylwia Sekula-neuner, Ronnie WillaertAbstract:We demonstrate the use of dip-pen Nanolithography (DPN) to crystallize proteins on surface-localized functionalized lipid layer arrays. DOPC lipid layers, containing small amounts of biotin-DOPE lipid molecules, were printed on glass substrates and evaluated in vapor diffusion and batch crystallization screening setups, where streptavidin was used as a model protein for crystallization. Independently of the crystallization system used and the geometry of the lipid layers, nucleation of streptavidin crystals occurred specifically on the DPN-printed biotinylated structures. Protein crystallization on lipid array patches is also demonstrated in a microfluidic chip, which opens the way toward high-throughput screening to find suitable nucleation and crystal growth conditions. The results demonstrate the use of DPN in directing and inducing protein crystallization on specific surface locations
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Dip-pen Nanolithography-assisted protein crystallization.
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2014Co-Authors: Francesco S. Ielasi, Michael Hirtz, Harald Fuchs, Thomas Laue, Sylwia Sekula-neuner, Ronnie WillaertAbstract:We demonstrate the use of dip-pen Nanolithography (DPN) to crystallize proteins on surface-localized functionalized lipid layer arrays. DOPC lipid layers, containing small amounts of biotin-DOPE lipid molecules, were printed on glass substrates and evaluated in vapor diffusion and batch crystallization screening setups, where streptavidin was used as a model protein for crystallization. Independently of the crystallization system used and the geometry of the lipid layers, nucleation of streptavidin crystals occurred specifically on the DPN-printed biotinylated structures. Protein crystallization on lipid array patches is also demonstrated in a microfluidic chip, which opens the way toward high-throughput screening to find suitable nucleation and crystal growth conditions. The results demonstrate the use of DPN in directing and inducing protein crystallization on specific surface locations.
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mesopattern of immobilised bone morphogenetic protein 2 created by microcontact printing and dip pen Nanolithography influence c2c12 cell fate
RSC Advances, 2014Co-Authors: Sabine Oberhansl, Michael Hirtz, Harald Fuchs, Albert G Castano, Anna Lagunas, Elisabet Pratsalfonso, Fernando Albericio, J Samitier, E MartinezAbstract:Dip-pen Nanolithography and microcontact printing were used to fabricate mesopatterned substrates for cell differentiation experiments. A biotin–thiol was patterned on gold substrates and subsequently functionalised with streptavidin and biotinylated bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). The feasibility of mesopatterned substrates containing immobilised BMP-2 was proven by obtaining similar differentiation outcomes compared to the growth factor in solution. Therefore, these substrates might be suitable for replacing conventional experiments with BMP-2 in solution.
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Multiplexed biomimetic lipid membranes on graphene by dip-pen Nanolithography
Nature communications, 2013Co-Authors: Michael Hirtz, Harald Fuchs, Antonios Oikonomou, T. Georgiou, Aravind VijayaraghavanAbstract:The application of graphene in sensor devices depends on the ability to appropriately functionalize the pristine graphene. Here we show the direct writing of tailored phospholipid membranes on graphene using dip-pen Nanolithography. Phospholipids exhibit higher mobility on graphene compared with the commonly used silicon dioxide substrate, leading to well-spread uniform membranes. Dip-pen Nanolithography allows for multiplexed assembly of phospholipid membranes of different functionalities in close proximity to each other. The membranes are stable in aqueous environments and we observe electronic doping of graphene by charged phospholipids. On the basis of these results, we propose phospholipid membranes as a route for non-covalent immobilization of various functional groups on graphene for applications in biosensing and biocatalysis. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate the specific binding of streptavidin to biotin-functionalized membranes. The combination of atomic force microscopy and binding experiments yields a consistent model for the layer organization within phospholipid stacks on graphene.
Michael Hirtz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mechano and photochromism from bulk to nanoscale data storage on individual self assembled ribbons
Advanced Functional Materials, 2016Co-Authors: Damiano Genovese, Michael Hirtz, Harald Fuchs, Alessandro Aliprandi, Eko Adi Prasetyanto, Matteo Mauro, Yasuhiko Fujita, Hiroshi Ujii, Sergei Lebedkin, Manfred M KappesAbstract:A Pt(II) complex, bearing an oligo-ethyleneoxide pendant, is able to self-assemble in ultralong ribbons that display mechanochromism upon nanoscale mechanical stimuli, delivered through atomic force microscopy (AFM). Such observation paves the way to fine understanding and manipulation of the mechanochromic properties of such material at the nanoscale. AFM allows quantitative assessment of nanoscale mechanochromism as arising from static pressure (piezochromism) and from shear-based mechanical stimuli (tribochromism), and to compare them with bulk pressure-dependent luminescence observed with diamond-anvil cell (DAC) technique. Confocal spectral imaging reveals that mechanochromism only takes place within short distance from the localized mechanical stimulation, which allows to design high-density information writing with AFM Nanolithography applied on individual self-assembled ribbons. Each ribbon hence serves as an individual microsystem for data storage. The orange luminescence of written information displays high contrast compared to cyan native luminescence; moreover, it can be selectively excited with visible light. In addition, ribbons show photochromism, i.e., the emission spectrum changes upon exposure to light, in a similar way as upon mechanical stress. Photochromism is here conveniently used to conceal and eventually erase information previously written with Nanolithography by irradiation.
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Dip-Pen Nanolithography-Assisted Protein Crystallization
2015Co-Authors: Francesco S. Ielasi, Michael Hirtz, Harald Fuchs, Thomas Laue, Sylwia Sekula-neuner, Ronnie WillaertAbstract:We demonstrate the use of dip-pen Nanolithography (DPN) to crystallize proteins on surface-localized functionalized lipid layer arrays. DOPC lipid layers, containing small amounts of biotin-DOPE lipid molecules, were printed on glass substrates and evaluated in vapor diffusion and batch crystallization screening setups, where streptavidin was used as a model protein for crystallization. Independently of the crystallization system used and the geometry of the lipid layers, nucleation of streptavidin crystals occurred specifically on the DPN-printed biotinylated structures. Protein crystallization on lipid array patches is also demonstrated in a microfluidic chip, which opens the way toward high-throughput screening to find suitable nucleation and crystal growth conditions. The results demonstrate the use of DPN in directing and inducing protein crystallization on specific surface locations
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Dip-pen Nanolithography-assisted protein crystallization.
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2014Co-Authors: Francesco S. Ielasi, Michael Hirtz, Harald Fuchs, Thomas Laue, Sylwia Sekula-neuner, Ronnie WillaertAbstract:We demonstrate the use of dip-pen Nanolithography (DPN) to crystallize proteins on surface-localized functionalized lipid layer arrays. DOPC lipid layers, containing small amounts of biotin-DOPE lipid molecules, were printed on glass substrates and evaluated in vapor diffusion and batch crystallization screening setups, where streptavidin was used as a model protein for crystallization. Independently of the crystallization system used and the geometry of the lipid layers, nucleation of streptavidin crystals occurred specifically on the DPN-printed biotinylated structures. Protein crystallization on lipid array patches is also demonstrated in a microfluidic chip, which opens the way toward high-throughput screening to find suitable nucleation and crystal growth conditions. The results demonstrate the use of DPN in directing and inducing protein crystallization on specific surface locations.
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mesopattern of immobilised bone morphogenetic protein 2 created by microcontact printing and dip pen Nanolithography influence c2c12 cell fate
RSC Advances, 2014Co-Authors: Sabine Oberhansl, Michael Hirtz, Harald Fuchs, Albert G Castano, Anna Lagunas, Elisabet Pratsalfonso, Fernando Albericio, J Samitier, E MartinezAbstract:Dip-pen Nanolithography and microcontact printing were used to fabricate mesopatterned substrates for cell differentiation experiments. A biotin–thiol was patterned on gold substrates and subsequently functionalised with streptavidin and biotinylated bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). The feasibility of mesopatterned substrates containing immobilised BMP-2 was proven by obtaining similar differentiation outcomes compared to the growth factor in solution. Therefore, these substrates might be suitable for replacing conventional experiments with BMP-2 in solution.
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Multiplexed biomimetic lipid membranes on graphene by dip-pen Nanolithography
Nature communications, 2013Co-Authors: Michael Hirtz, Harald Fuchs, Antonios Oikonomou, T. Georgiou, Aravind VijayaraghavanAbstract:The application of graphene in sensor devices depends on the ability to appropriately functionalize the pristine graphene. Here we show the direct writing of tailored phospholipid membranes on graphene using dip-pen Nanolithography. Phospholipids exhibit higher mobility on graphene compared with the commonly used silicon dioxide substrate, leading to well-spread uniform membranes. Dip-pen Nanolithography allows for multiplexed assembly of phospholipid membranes of different functionalities in close proximity to each other. The membranes are stable in aqueous environments and we observe electronic doping of graphene by charged phospholipids. On the basis of these results, we propose phospholipid membranes as a route for non-covalent immobilization of various functional groups on graphene for applications in biosensing and biocatalysis. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate the specific binding of streptavidin to biotin-functionalized membranes. The combination of atomic force microscopy and binding experiments yields a consistent model for the layer organization within phospholipid stacks on graphene.
Ronnie Willaert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dip-Pen Nanolithography-Assisted Protein Crystallization
2015Co-Authors: Francesco S. Ielasi, Michael Hirtz, Harald Fuchs, Thomas Laue, Sylwia Sekula-neuner, Ronnie WillaertAbstract:We demonstrate the use of dip-pen Nanolithography (DPN) to crystallize proteins on surface-localized functionalized lipid layer arrays. DOPC lipid layers, containing small amounts of biotin-DOPE lipid molecules, were printed on glass substrates and evaluated in vapor diffusion and batch crystallization screening setups, where streptavidin was used as a model protein for crystallization. Independently of the crystallization system used and the geometry of the lipid layers, nucleation of streptavidin crystals occurred specifically on the DPN-printed biotinylated structures. Protein crystallization on lipid array patches is also demonstrated in a microfluidic chip, which opens the way toward high-throughput screening to find suitable nucleation and crystal growth conditions. The results demonstrate the use of DPN in directing and inducing protein crystallization on specific surface locations
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Dip-pen Nanolithography-assisted protein crystallization.
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2014Co-Authors: Francesco S. Ielasi, Michael Hirtz, Harald Fuchs, Thomas Laue, Sylwia Sekula-neuner, Ronnie WillaertAbstract:We demonstrate the use of dip-pen Nanolithography (DPN) to crystallize proteins on surface-localized functionalized lipid layer arrays. DOPC lipid layers, containing small amounts of biotin-DOPE lipid molecules, were printed on glass substrates and evaluated in vapor diffusion and batch crystallization screening setups, where streptavidin was used as a model protein for crystallization. Independently of the crystallization system used and the geometry of the lipid layers, nucleation of streptavidin crystals occurred specifically on the DPN-printed biotinylated structures. Protein crystallization on lipid array patches is also demonstrated in a microfluidic chip, which opens the way toward high-throughput screening to find suitable nucleation and crystal growth conditions. The results demonstrate the use of DPN in directing and inducing protein crystallization on specific surface locations.
Xiang Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Flying plasmonic lens in the near field for high-speed Nanolithography
Nature Nanotechnology, 2008Co-Authors: Werayut Srituravanich, Liang Pan, Yuan Wang, Cheng Sun, David B. Bogy, Xiang ZhangAbstract:The commercialization of nanoscale devices requires the development of high-throughput nanofabrication technologies that allow frequent design changes^ 1 , 2 . Maskless Nanolithography^ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , including electron-beam and scanning-probe lithography, offers the desired flexibility but is limited by low throughput. Here, we report a new low-cost, high-throughput approach to maskless Nanolithography that uses an array of plasmonic lenses that ‘flies’ above the surface to be patterned, concentrating short-wavelength surface plasmons into sub-100 nm spots. However, these nanoscale spots are only formed in the near field, which makes it very difficult to scan the array above the surface at high speed. To overcome this problem we have designed a self-spacing air bearing that can fly the array just 20 nm above a disk that is spinning at speeds of between 4 and 12 m s^−1, and have experimentally demonstrated patterning with a linewidth of 80 nm. This low-cost nanofabrication scheme has the potential to achieve throughputs that are two to five orders of magnitude higher than other maskless techniques. Maskless Nanolithography is a flexible nanofabrication technique but it suffers from low throughput. By developing a new approach that involves 'flying' an array of plasmonic lenses just 20 nm above a rotating surface, it is possible to increase throughput by several orders of magnitude.
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Surface plasmon interference Nanolithography.
Nano letters, 2005Co-Authors: Zhaowei Liu, Qi-huo Wei, Xiang ZhangAbstract:A new nanophotolithography technique based on the interference of surface plasmon waves is proposed and demonstrated by using computer simulations. The wavelengths of the surface plasmon waves at metal and dielectric interfaces can reach the nanometer scale while their frequencies remain in the optical range. As a result, the resolution of this surface plasmon interference Nanolithography (SPIN) can go far beyond the free-space diffraction limit of the light. Simulation results show that one-dimensional and two-dimensional periodical structures of 40−100 nm features can be patterned using interfering surface plasmons launched by 1D gratings. Detailed characteristics of SPIN such as field distribution and contrast are also investigated.
