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Cuie Wen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Anodized TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 Nanotubes with Different Nanoscale Dimensions on the Biocompatibility of a Ti35Zr28Nb Alloy.
ACS applied materials & interfaces, 2020Co-Authors: Muhammad Bilal Qadir, Arne Biesiekierski, Jixing Lin, Cuie WenAbstract:Some important factors in the design of biomaterials are Surface characteristics such as Surface chemistry and topography, which significantly influence the relationship between the biomaterial and host cells. Therefore, Nanotubular oxide layers have received substantial attention for biomedical applications due to their potential benefits in the improvement of the biocompatibility of the substrate. In this study, a Nanotubular layer of titania-niobium pentoxide-zirconia (TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2) was developed via anodization on a β-type Ti35Zr28Nb alloy Surface with enhanced biocompatibility. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Surface profilometry analysis of the anodized nanotubes indicated that the inner diameter (Di) and wall thicknesses (Wt) increased with an increase in the water content of electrolyte and the applied voltage during anodization, while the nanotube length (Ln) increased with increasing the anodization time. TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 nanotubes with different Di, Wt, and Ln showed different Surface roughnesses (Ra) and Surface energies (γ), which affected the biocompatibility of the base alloy. MTS assay results showed that the TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 nanotubes with the largest inner diameter (Di) of 75.9 nm exhibited the highest cell viability of 108.55% due to the high γ of the Surface, which led to high adsorption of proteins on the top Surface of the nanotubes. The second highest cell viability was observed on the Nanotubular Surface with Di of 33.3 nm, which is believed to result from its high γ as well as the optimum spacing between nanotubes. Ra did not appear to be clearly linked to cellular response; however, there may exist a threshold value of Surface energy of ∼70 mJ/m2, below which the cell response is less sensitive and above which the cell viability increases with increasing γ. This indicates that the TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 nanotubes provided a suitable environment for enhanced attachment and growth of osteoblast-like cells as compared to the bare Ti35Zr28Nb alloy Surface.
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Optimized Fabrication and Characterization of TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 Nanotubes on β-Phase TiZr35Nb28 Alloy for Biomedical Applications via the Taguchi Method.
ACS biomaterials science & engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Muhammad Bilal Qadir, Arne Biesiekierski, Cuie WenAbstract:The nanostructured Surface modification of metallic implants is increasingly gaining attention for biomedical applications. Among such nanostructured Surfaces, oxide nanotube (NT) structures have received significant consideration in the biomedical and clinical fields, particularly because of their unique biological characteristics. This experimental study is based on the optimization and characterization of TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 nanotubes (NTs) on newly developed β phase TiZr35Nb28 alloy. The effects of the anodization process parameters on the inner diameter (Di) of the NTs were investigated. The experiment was conducted using the Taguchi experimental design with an L9 (33) orthogonal array, with three control factors targeted for optimization: (i) applied voltage, (ii) water content of the electrolyte solution, and (iii) anodization time. The chemical composition, morphology, and hydrophilic properties of TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 NTs after optimization were characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and water contact angle measurement. The results showed that a large Di of NTs was achieved using an applied voltage of 40 V, water content of 5%, and anodization time of 120 min, with the applied voltage identified as the most effective parameter for the growth of TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 NTs based on signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio analysis. The Pareto ANOVA and confirmation test results showed that the Taguchi method was successful in optimizing the larger Di for NTs; moreover, the optimized Nanotubular Surface exhibited the highest Surface roughness and an increased hydrophilic nature. The above findings may contribute to the development of high-performance nanostructured coatings for biomedical applications.
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Nanotopography and Surface chemistry of TiO2–ZrO2–ZrTiO4 Nanotubular Surfaces and the influence on their bioactivity and cell responses
Metallic Foam Bone, 2017Co-Authors: Sepideh Minagar, Christopher C. Berndt, J. Lin, Cuie WenAbstract:Abstract The bioactivity and biocompatibility of implant materials are influenced by their chemistry and the topography of the implant Surfaces. The fabrication of metal oxide nanotubes on metallic biomaterials, especially titanium (Ti) alloys via anodization, could enhance the bioactivity and biocompatibility of the implant. The bioactivity of an implant is the ability to induce, form, and grow hydroxyapatite (HA) on its Surface, which is an indispensable step in creating a bioactive Surface for bone cells to attach to. In this study, we fabricated four groups of TiO 2 –ZrO 2 –ZrTiO 4 and TiO 2 nanotubes on Ti50Zr and pure Ti with a variety of nanoscale dimensional characteristics (i.e., inner diameter D i , outer diameter D o , and wall thicknesses W t ) by adjusting the applied potential during anodization. The as-formed and annealed nanotubes were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and laser 3D profilometry. We assessed the bioactivity of the Nanotubular layers of TiO 2 –ZrO 2 –ZrTiO 4 and TiO 2 by soaking the samples in a simulated body fluid. Osteoblast cells (SaOS2) were used in assessing the in vitro cell response to the HA-coated nanotubes ( D i = 40 nm). Our results indicated that the Nanotubular Surfaces exhibited superior bioactivity in terms of inducing the formation of HA, in contrast to the anodized Surface alone and the bare metal. The W t of the nanotubes, the Nanotubular length, the crystallinity of the nanotubes, and the hydrophilicity demonstrated a strong influence on the bioactivity of the Nanotubular Surfaces. The HA-coated Nanotubular Surface resulted in an increase in cell adhesion, notably to 59.7 ± 13.6%, compared to 41.0 ± 2.6% for the Nanotubular Surface without an HA coating.
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nanotopography and Surface chemistry of tio2 zro2 zrtio4 Nanotubular Surfaces and the influence on their bioactivity and cell responses
Metallic Foam Bone#R##N#Processing Modification and Characterization and Properties, 2017Co-Authors: Sepideh Minagar, Christopher C. Berndt, Cuie Wen, J. LinAbstract:Abstract The bioactivity and biocompatibility of implant materials are influenced by their chemistry and the topography of the implant Surfaces. The fabrication of metal oxide nanotubes on metallic biomaterials, especially titanium (Ti) alloys via anodization, could enhance the bioactivity and biocompatibility of the implant. The bioactivity of an implant is the ability to induce, form, and grow hydroxyapatite (HA) on its Surface, which is an indispensable step in creating a bioactive Surface for bone cells to attach to. In this study, we fabricated four groups of TiO 2 –ZrO 2 –ZrTiO 4 and TiO 2 nanotubes on Ti50Zr and pure Ti with a variety of nanoscale dimensional characteristics (i.e., inner diameter D i , outer diameter D o , and wall thicknesses W t ) by adjusting the applied potential during anodization. The as-formed and annealed nanotubes were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and laser 3D profilometry. We assessed the bioactivity of the Nanotubular layers of TiO 2 –ZrO 2 –ZrTiO 4 and TiO 2 by soaking the samples in a simulated body fluid. Osteoblast cells (SaOS2) were used in assessing the in vitro cell response to the HA-coated nanotubes ( D i = 40 nm). Our results indicated that the Nanotubular Surfaces exhibited superior bioactivity in terms of inducing the formation of HA, in contrast to the anodized Surface alone and the bare metal. The W t of the nanotubes, the Nanotubular length, the crystallinity of the nanotubes, and the hydrophilicity demonstrated a strong influence on the bioactivity of the Nanotubular Surfaces. The HA-coated Nanotubular Surface resulted in an increase in cell adhesion, notably to 59.7 ± 13.6%, compared to 41.0 ± 2.6% for the Nanotubular Surface without an HA coating.
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Cell response and bioactivity of titania–zirconia–zirconium titanate nanotubes with different nanoscale topographies fabricated in a non-aqueous electrolyte
Biomaterials science, 2015Co-Authors: Sepideh Minagar, Christopher C. Berndt, Cuie WenAbstract:The morphology and the physical and chemical characteristics of four groups of TiO2–ZrO2–ZrTiO4 nanotubes that were fabricated via anodization in a non-aqueous electrolyte were investigated in order to examine their influence on the bioactivity of, and cell adhesion on, Ti50Zr alloy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and 3D profilometry were used for the characterization. The in vitro cell responses to Nanotubular Surfaces with different inner diameters (Di) between 25 and 49 nm were assessed using osteoblast cells (SaOS2). The results of the MTS assay indicated that the percentage of cell adhesion on the nanotubes was influenced by the nanoscale topographical parameters including the tube inner diameter (Di), the tube wall thickness (Wt), the amplitude roughness (Sa) and the spacing roughness (Sm) of the Nanotubular Surface. Cell adhesion was promoted to 84.9% on nanotubes with an inner diameter of 25 nm, or 80.3% on nanotubes with a large wall thickness of 34 nm due to the accelerated integrin clustering and focal contacts of formation. A Nanotubular Surface with a low spacing roughness of 33 nm3 nm−2 led to a cell adhesion of 61.0%. Similarly, a Nanotubular Surface with a high amplitude roughness of 1.03 μm revealed a cell adhesion of 61.5% in instances where the inner diameters (29 nm) and wall thicknesses (24 nm) were within the critical dimensional parameters for cells to survive and thrive.
Hancheol Choe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Electrochemically-coated hydroxyapatite films on Nanotubular TiNb alloys prepared in solutions containing Ca, P, and Zn ions
Thin Solid Films, 2016Co-Authors: In-seop Byeon, Hancheol Choe, In-jo Hwang, William A. BrantleyAbstract:Abstract Electrochemically-coated hydroxyapatite films on Nanotubular Ti Nb alloys prepared in solutions containing Ca, P, and Zn ions were explored for dental applications using various experimental methods. Ti-xNb binary alloys were used in this study. Homogenization treatment of samples was carried out at 1000 °C for 2 h, followed by quenching in 0 °C water. Self-organized Nanotubular TiO2 was prepared by electrochemical oxidation of the samples in 1.0 M H3PO4 + 0.8 wt.% NaF electrolyte at anodization potential of 30 V, for 1 h. Electrochemical deposition of pure HA and Zn-doped HA on the alloys was conducted at 85 °C in electrolytes containing Zn ions. The Zn-HA films, along with the nanotubes, were characterized via X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The Ti-xNb alloys underwent structural transformation from the α″ + β phases to β phase with a large grain size as the Nb content increased. The Nanotubular structure of Ti 30Nb and Ti 50Nb alloys had highly ordered diameter distributions consisting of two distinct diameters. The Nanotubular Surface was covered with precipitated HA and Zn-HA, and the plates of HA became increasingly larger with smaller particles surrounding the pores as the Nb content of the alloy increased, leading to eventual loss of the nanotube pores. In the case of the Zn-HA coating, the entire Surface showed a uniform distribution of elements on the nanotube Surface.
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Electrochemical and sputtering deposition of hydroxyapatite film on Nanotubular Ti-25Ta-xZr alloys.
Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology, 2014Co-Authors: Hyun-ju Kim, Hancheol ChoeAbstract:The purpose of this study was to investigate the electrochemical and sputtering deposition of hydroxyapatite film on Nanotubular Ti-25Ta-xZr alloys. The formation of Nanotubular structures was achieved on the alloys by anodization in 1 M H3PO4 electrolyte containing 0.8 wt% NaF at room temperature. Electrochemical deposition was carried out using cyclic voltammetry at 80 degrees C in 5 mM Ca(NO3)2+3 mM NH4H2PO4 solution. Then, physical vapor deposition coating was obtained by radio frequency magnetron sputtering technique. The microstructures, phase transformation, and morphology of the hydroxyapatite film deposited on Ti-25Ta-xZr alloys were analyzed by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and field emission scanning electron microscope. It was found that, as Zr content increased, precipitates of hydroxyapatite changed their leaf-like shape into a needle-like shape. For the alloy with the higher Zr content, the Surface of the nanotubes was entirely covered with the radio frequency sputtered HA film. Wettability increased in the following order: bulk, Nanotubular Surface, and hydroxyapatite-coated Nanotubular Surface.
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Surface characteristics of hydroxyapatite coated layer prepared on Nanotubular ti 35ta xhf alloys by eb pvd
Thin Solid Films, 2013Co-Authors: Hancheol Choe, Yong-hoon Jeong, Byung-hak Moon, William A. BrantleyAbstract:Abstract In this study, we investigated the Surface characteristics of hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated layers prepared by electron-beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) on Nanotubular Ti–35Ta–xHf alloys (x = 3, 7, and 15 wt.%). Ti–35Ta–xHf alloys were first prepared by arc melting. Formation of a nanotube structure on these alloys was achieved by an electrochemical method in 1 M H 3 PO 4 + 0.8 wt.% NaF electrolytes. The HA coatings were then deposited on the Nanotubular Surface by an EB-PVD method. The Surface characteristics were analyzed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical behavior was examined using a potentiodynamic polarization test in 0.9% NaCl solution. The Ti–35Ta–xHf alloys had an equiaxed grain structure with α″ + β phases, and the α″ phase disappeared with increases in Hf content. The Ti–35Ta–15Hf alloy showed higher β-phase peak intensity in the XRD patterns than that for the lower Hf-content alloys. A highly ordered Nanotubular oxide layer was formed on the Ti–35Ta–15Hf alloy, and the tube length depended on Hf content. The HA coating Surface formed at traces of the Nanotubular titanium oxide layer and completely covered the tips of the nanotubes with a cluster shape. From the potentiodynamic polarization tests, the incorporation of Hf element and formation of the Nanotubular structure were the main factors for achieving lower current density. In particular, the Surface of the HA coating on the Nanotubular structure exhibited higher corrosion resistance than that of the Nanotubular titanium oxide structure without an HA coating.
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Surface phenomena of hydroxyapatite film on the nanopore formed Ti-29Nb-xZr alloy by anodization for bioimplants.
Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology, 2013Co-Authors: Eun-ju Kim, Yong-hoon Jeong, Hancheol ChoeAbstract:In this study, Surface phenomena of hydroxyapatite (HA) film on the nanopore formed Ti-29Nb-xZr alloy by anodization for bioimplants have been investigated by electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), potentiostat and contact angle. The microstructure of Ti-29Nb-xZr alloys exhibited equiaxed structure and alpha" phase decreased, whereas beta phase increased as Zr content increased. The increment of Zr contents in HA coated Nanotubular Ti-29Nb-xZr alloys showed good corrosion potential in 0.9% NaCI solution. The wettability of HA coated Nanotubular Surface was higher than that of non-coated samples.
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Surface characteristics of tin zrn coated Nanotubular structure on the ti 35ta xhf alloy for bio implant applications
Applied Surface Science, 2012Co-Authors: Byung-hak Moon, Hancheol Choe, William A. BrantleyAbstract:Abstract In this study, we investigated the Surface characteristics of the TiN/ZrN-coated Nanotubular structure on Ti–35Ta– x Hf ternary alloys for bio-implant applications. These ternary alloys contained from 3 wt.% to 15 wt.% Hf contents and were manufactured in an arc-melting furnace. The Ti–35Ta– x Hf alloys were heat treated in Ar atmosphere at 1000 °C for 24 h, followed by water quenching. Formation of the Nanotubular structure was achieved by an electrochemical method in 1 M H 3 PO 4 electrolytes containing 0.8 wt.% NaF. The TiN coating and ZrN coating were subsequently prepared by DC-sputtering on the Nanotubular Surface. Microstructures and Nanotubular morphology of the alloys were examined by FE-SEM, EDX and XRD. The microstructure showed a duplex (α′′ + β) phase structure. Traces of martensite disappeared with increasing Hf content, and the Ti–35Nb–15Hf alloy had an entirely equiaxed structure of β phase. This research has shown that highly ordered, high aspect ratio, and Nanotubular morphology Surface oxide layers can be formed on the ternary titanium alloys by anodization. The TiN and ZrN coatings formed on the Nanotubular Surfaces were uniform and stable. The top of the nanotube layers was uniformly covered with the ZrN film compared to the TiN film when the Ti–35Ta– x Hf alloys had high Hf content.
Sepideh Minagar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nanotopography and Surface chemistry of TiO2–ZrO2–ZrTiO4 Nanotubular Surfaces and the influence on their bioactivity and cell responses
Metallic Foam Bone, 2017Co-Authors: Sepideh Minagar, Christopher C. Berndt, J. Lin, Cuie WenAbstract:Abstract The bioactivity and biocompatibility of implant materials are influenced by their chemistry and the topography of the implant Surfaces. The fabrication of metal oxide nanotubes on metallic biomaterials, especially titanium (Ti) alloys via anodization, could enhance the bioactivity and biocompatibility of the implant. The bioactivity of an implant is the ability to induce, form, and grow hydroxyapatite (HA) on its Surface, which is an indispensable step in creating a bioactive Surface for bone cells to attach to. In this study, we fabricated four groups of TiO 2 –ZrO 2 –ZrTiO 4 and TiO 2 nanotubes on Ti50Zr and pure Ti with a variety of nanoscale dimensional characteristics (i.e., inner diameter D i , outer diameter D o , and wall thicknesses W t ) by adjusting the applied potential during anodization. The as-formed and annealed nanotubes were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and laser 3D profilometry. We assessed the bioactivity of the Nanotubular layers of TiO 2 –ZrO 2 –ZrTiO 4 and TiO 2 by soaking the samples in a simulated body fluid. Osteoblast cells (SaOS2) were used in assessing the in vitro cell response to the HA-coated nanotubes ( D i = 40 nm). Our results indicated that the Nanotubular Surfaces exhibited superior bioactivity in terms of inducing the formation of HA, in contrast to the anodized Surface alone and the bare metal. The W t of the nanotubes, the Nanotubular length, the crystallinity of the nanotubes, and the hydrophilicity demonstrated a strong influence on the bioactivity of the Nanotubular Surfaces. The HA-coated Nanotubular Surface resulted in an increase in cell adhesion, notably to 59.7 ± 13.6%, compared to 41.0 ± 2.6% for the Nanotubular Surface without an HA coating.
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nanotopography and Surface chemistry of tio2 zro2 zrtio4 Nanotubular Surfaces and the influence on their bioactivity and cell responses
Metallic Foam Bone#R##N#Processing Modification and Characterization and Properties, 2017Co-Authors: Sepideh Minagar, Christopher C. Berndt, Cuie Wen, J. LinAbstract:Abstract The bioactivity and biocompatibility of implant materials are influenced by their chemistry and the topography of the implant Surfaces. The fabrication of metal oxide nanotubes on metallic biomaterials, especially titanium (Ti) alloys via anodization, could enhance the bioactivity and biocompatibility of the implant. The bioactivity of an implant is the ability to induce, form, and grow hydroxyapatite (HA) on its Surface, which is an indispensable step in creating a bioactive Surface for bone cells to attach to. In this study, we fabricated four groups of TiO 2 –ZrO 2 –ZrTiO 4 and TiO 2 nanotubes on Ti50Zr and pure Ti with a variety of nanoscale dimensional characteristics (i.e., inner diameter D i , outer diameter D o , and wall thicknesses W t ) by adjusting the applied potential during anodization. The as-formed and annealed nanotubes were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and laser 3D profilometry. We assessed the bioactivity of the Nanotubular layers of TiO 2 –ZrO 2 –ZrTiO 4 and TiO 2 by soaking the samples in a simulated body fluid. Osteoblast cells (SaOS2) were used in assessing the in vitro cell response to the HA-coated nanotubes ( D i = 40 nm). Our results indicated that the Nanotubular Surfaces exhibited superior bioactivity in terms of inducing the formation of HA, in contrast to the anodized Surface alone and the bare metal. The W t of the nanotubes, the Nanotubular length, the crystallinity of the nanotubes, and the hydrophilicity demonstrated a strong influence on the bioactivity of the Nanotubular Surfaces. The HA-coated Nanotubular Surface resulted in an increase in cell adhesion, notably to 59.7 ± 13.6%, compared to 41.0 ± 2.6% for the Nanotubular Surface without an HA coating.
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Cell response and bioactivity of titania–zirconia–zirconium titanate nanotubes with different nanoscale topographies fabricated in a non-aqueous electrolyte
Biomaterials science, 2015Co-Authors: Sepideh Minagar, Christopher C. Berndt, Cuie WenAbstract:The morphology and the physical and chemical characteristics of four groups of TiO2–ZrO2–ZrTiO4 nanotubes that were fabricated via anodization in a non-aqueous electrolyte were investigated in order to examine their influence on the bioactivity of, and cell adhesion on, Ti50Zr alloy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and 3D profilometry were used for the characterization. The in vitro cell responses to Nanotubular Surfaces with different inner diameters (Di) between 25 and 49 nm were assessed using osteoblast cells (SaOS2). The results of the MTS assay indicated that the percentage of cell adhesion on the nanotubes was influenced by the nanoscale topographical parameters including the tube inner diameter (Di), the tube wall thickness (Wt), the amplitude roughness (Sa) and the spacing roughness (Sm) of the Nanotubular Surface. Cell adhesion was promoted to 84.9% on nanotubes with an inner diameter of 25 nm, or 80.3% on nanotubes with a large wall thickness of 34 nm due to the accelerated integrin clustering and focal contacts of formation. A Nanotubular Surface with a low spacing roughness of 33 nm3 nm−2 led to a cell adhesion of 61.0%. Similarly, a Nanotubular Surface with a high amplitude roughness of 1.03 μm revealed a cell adhesion of 61.5% in instances where the inner diameters (29 nm) and wall thicknesses (24 nm) were within the critical dimensional parameters for cells to survive and thrive.
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Fabrication and characterization of TiO2-ZrO2- ZrTiO4 nanotubes on TiZr alloy manufactured via anodization
Journal of materials chemistry. B, 2013Co-Authors: Sepideh Minagar, Christopher C. Berndt, Thomas R. Gengenbach, Cuie WenAbstract:Titanium and its alloys are able to grow a stable oxide layer on their Surfaces and have been used frequently as substrates for anodization in an electrochemical Surface treatment. A Nanotubular oxide layer is formed in the presence of fluorine anion (F-) via anodization due to the competition between oxide formation and solvatization. In this study, a highly ordered titania-zirconia-zirconium titanate (TiO2-ZrO2-ZrTiO4) Nanotubular layer was formed on the Surface of Ti50Zr alloy via anodic oxidation in an F- containing electrolyte. The sizes of the nanotubes (i.e., the inner and outer diameters, and wall thicknesses), morphology, crystal structure, hydrophilic properties and components of the TiO2-ZrO2-ZrTiO4 Nanotubular layer before and after annealing were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thin film X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis and water contact angle measurements. The results indicated that the inner diameter, outer diameter and wall thickness of the as-formed TiO2-ZrO2-ZrTiO4 nanotubes were distributed in the ranges of 3-120 nm, 12-165 nm and 3-32 nm, respectively, and depended on the F- concentration of the electrolyte and the applied potential during anodization. The number of smaller nanotubes increased with increasing F- concentration and the mean nanotube inner and outer diameters increased with increasing applied potential. The as-formed TiO2 and ZrTiO4 nanotubes exhibited an amorphous structure and the as-formed ZrO2 nanotubes displayed an orthorhombic structure. These phases transformed into anatase TiO2 and orthorhombic ZrO2 and ZrTiO4 after annealing. The hydrophilic properties of the TiO2-ZrO2-ZrTiO4 Nanotubular layer were affected by the size distribution of the nanotubes. The Surface roughnesses and the Nanotubular character transformed the nanotubes to exhibit superhydrophilic properties after annealing. The TiO2-ZrO2-ZrTiO4 Nanotubular Surface on Ti50Zr alloy exhibited higher Surface energy than that of the TiO2 Nanotubular Surface on commercially pure (CP) titanium.
William A. Brantley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Electrochemically-coated hydroxyapatite films on Nanotubular TiNb alloys prepared in solutions containing Ca, P, and Zn ions
Thin Solid Films, 2016Co-Authors: In-seop Byeon, Hancheol Choe, In-jo Hwang, William A. BrantleyAbstract:Abstract Electrochemically-coated hydroxyapatite films on Nanotubular Ti Nb alloys prepared in solutions containing Ca, P, and Zn ions were explored for dental applications using various experimental methods. Ti-xNb binary alloys were used in this study. Homogenization treatment of samples was carried out at 1000 °C for 2 h, followed by quenching in 0 °C water. Self-organized Nanotubular TiO2 was prepared by electrochemical oxidation of the samples in 1.0 M H3PO4 + 0.8 wt.% NaF electrolyte at anodization potential of 30 V, for 1 h. Electrochemical deposition of pure HA and Zn-doped HA on the alloys was conducted at 85 °C in electrolytes containing Zn ions. The Zn-HA films, along with the nanotubes, were characterized via X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The Ti-xNb alloys underwent structural transformation from the α″ + β phases to β phase with a large grain size as the Nb content increased. The Nanotubular structure of Ti 30Nb and Ti 50Nb alloys had highly ordered diameter distributions consisting of two distinct diameters. The Nanotubular Surface was covered with precipitated HA and Zn-HA, and the plates of HA became increasingly larger with smaller particles surrounding the pores as the Nb content of the alloy increased, leading to eventual loss of the nanotube pores. In the case of the Zn-HA coating, the entire Surface showed a uniform distribution of elements on the nanotube Surface.
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Surface characteristics of hydroxyapatite coated layer prepared on Nanotubular ti 35ta xhf alloys by eb pvd
Thin Solid Films, 2013Co-Authors: Hancheol Choe, Yong-hoon Jeong, Byung-hak Moon, William A. BrantleyAbstract:Abstract In this study, we investigated the Surface characteristics of hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated layers prepared by electron-beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) on Nanotubular Ti–35Ta–xHf alloys (x = 3, 7, and 15 wt.%). Ti–35Ta–xHf alloys were first prepared by arc melting. Formation of a nanotube structure on these alloys was achieved by an electrochemical method in 1 M H 3 PO 4 + 0.8 wt.% NaF electrolytes. The HA coatings were then deposited on the Nanotubular Surface by an EB-PVD method. The Surface characteristics were analyzed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical behavior was examined using a potentiodynamic polarization test in 0.9% NaCl solution. The Ti–35Ta–xHf alloys had an equiaxed grain structure with α″ + β phases, and the α″ phase disappeared with increases in Hf content. The Ti–35Ta–15Hf alloy showed higher β-phase peak intensity in the XRD patterns than that for the lower Hf-content alloys. A highly ordered Nanotubular oxide layer was formed on the Ti–35Ta–15Hf alloy, and the tube length depended on Hf content. The HA coating Surface formed at traces of the Nanotubular titanium oxide layer and completely covered the tips of the nanotubes with a cluster shape. From the potentiodynamic polarization tests, the incorporation of Hf element and formation of the Nanotubular structure were the main factors for achieving lower current density. In particular, the Surface of the HA coating on the Nanotubular structure exhibited higher corrosion resistance than that of the Nanotubular titanium oxide structure without an HA coating.
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Surface characteristics of tin zrn coated Nanotubular structure on the ti 35ta xhf alloy for bio implant applications
Applied Surface Science, 2012Co-Authors: Byung-hak Moon, Hancheol Choe, William A. BrantleyAbstract:Abstract In this study, we investigated the Surface characteristics of the TiN/ZrN-coated Nanotubular structure on Ti–35Ta– x Hf ternary alloys for bio-implant applications. These ternary alloys contained from 3 wt.% to 15 wt.% Hf contents and were manufactured in an arc-melting furnace. The Ti–35Ta– x Hf alloys were heat treated in Ar atmosphere at 1000 °C for 24 h, followed by water quenching. Formation of the Nanotubular structure was achieved by an electrochemical method in 1 M H 3 PO 4 electrolytes containing 0.8 wt.% NaF. The TiN coating and ZrN coating were subsequently prepared by DC-sputtering on the Nanotubular Surface. Microstructures and Nanotubular morphology of the alloys were examined by FE-SEM, EDX and XRD. The microstructure showed a duplex (α′′ + β) phase structure. Traces of martensite disappeared with increasing Hf content, and the Ti–35Nb–15Hf alloy had an entirely equiaxed structure of β phase. This research has shown that highly ordered, high aspect ratio, and Nanotubular morphology Surface oxide layers can be formed on the ternary titanium alloys by anodization. The TiN and ZrN coatings formed on the Nanotubular Surfaces were uniform and stable. The top of the nanotube layers was uniformly covered with the ZrN film compared to the TiN film when the Ti–35Ta– x Hf alloys had high Hf content.
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An electrochemical study on self-ordered nanoporous and Nanotubular oxide on Ti-35Nb-5Ta-7Zr alloy for biomedical applications.
Acta biomaterialia, 2009Co-Authors: Viswanathan S. Saji, Hancheol Choe, William A. BrantleyAbstract:Abstract Highly ordered nanoporous and Nanotubular oxide layers were developed on low-rigidity β Ti–35Nb–5Ta–7Zr alloy by controlled DC anodization in electrolyte containing 1 M H 3 PO 4 and 0.5 wt.% NaF at room temperature. The as-formed and crystallized nanotubes were characterized by electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry and X-ray diffraction. The electrochemical passivation behavior of the nanoporous and Nanotubular oxide Surfaces were investigated in Ringer’s solution at 37 ± 1 °C employing a potentiodynamic polarization technique and impedance spectroscopy. The diameters of the as-formed nanotubes were in the range of 30–80 nm. The Nanotubular Surface exhibited passivation behavior similar to that of the nanoporous Surface. However, the corrosion current density was considerably higher for the Nanotubular alloy. The Surface after nanotube formation seemed to favor an immediate and effective passivation. Electrochemical impedance spectra were simulated by equivalent circuits and the results were discussed with regard to biomedical applications.
Muhammad Bilal Qadir - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Anodized TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 Nanotubes with Different Nanoscale Dimensions on the Biocompatibility of a Ti35Zr28Nb Alloy.
ACS applied materials & interfaces, 2020Co-Authors: Muhammad Bilal Qadir, Arne Biesiekierski, Jixing Lin, Cuie WenAbstract:Some important factors in the design of biomaterials are Surface characteristics such as Surface chemistry and topography, which significantly influence the relationship between the biomaterial and host cells. Therefore, Nanotubular oxide layers have received substantial attention for biomedical applications due to their potential benefits in the improvement of the biocompatibility of the substrate. In this study, a Nanotubular layer of titania-niobium pentoxide-zirconia (TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2) was developed via anodization on a β-type Ti35Zr28Nb alloy Surface with enhanced biocompatibility. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Surface profilometry analysis of the anodized nanotubes indicated that the inner diameter (Di) and wall thicknesses (Wt) increased with an increase in the water content of electrolyte and the applied voltage during anodization, while the nanotube length (Ln) increased with increasing the anodization time. TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 nanotubes with different Di, Wt, and Ln showed different Surface roughnesses (Ra) and Surface energies (γ), which affected the biocompatibility of the base alloy. MTS assay results showed that the TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 nanotubes with the largest inner diameter (Di) of 75.9 nm exhibited the highest cell viability of 108.55% due to the high γ of the Surface, which led to high adsorption of proteins on the top Surface of the nanotubes. The second highest cell viability was observed on the Nanotubular Surface with Di of 33.3 nm, which is believed to result from its high γ as well as the optimum spacing between nanotubes. Ra did not appear to be clearly linked to cellular response; however, there may exist a threshold value of Surface energy of ∼70 mJ/m2, below which the cell response is less sensitive and above which the cell viability increases with increasing γ. This indicates that the TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 nanotubes provided a suitable environment for enhanced attachment and growth of osteoblast-like cells as compared to the bare Ti35Zr28Nb alloy Surface.
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Optimized Fabrication and Characterization of TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 Nanotubes on β-Phase TiZr35Nb28 Alloy for Biomedical Applications via the Taguchi Method.
ACS biomaterials science & engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Muhammad Bilal Qadir, Arne Biesiekierski, Cuie WenAbstract:The nanostructured Surface modification of metallic implants is increasingly gaining attention for biomedical applications. Among such nanostructured Surfaces, oxide nanotube (NT) structures have received significant consideration in the biomedical and clinical fields, particularly because of their unique biological characteristics. This experimental study is based on the optimization and characterization of TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 nanotubes (NTs) on newly developed β phase TiZr35Nb28 alloy. The effects of the anodization process parameters on the inner diameter (Di) of the NTs were investigated. The experiment was conducted using the Taguchi experimental design with an L9 (33) orthogonal array, with three control factors targeted for optimization: (i) applied voltage, (ii) water content of the electrolyte solution, and (iii) anodization time. The chemical composition, morphology, and hydrophilic properties of TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 NTs after optimization were characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and water contact angle measurement. The results showed that a large Di of NTs was achieved using an applied voltage of 40 V, water content of 5%, and anodization time of 120 min, with the applied voltage identified as the most effective parameter for the growth of TiO2-Nb2O5-ZrO2 NTs based on signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio analysis. The Pareto ANOVA and confirmation test results showed that the Taguchi method was successful in optimizing the larger Di for NTs; moreover, the optimized Nanotubular Surface exhibited the highest Surface roughness and an increased hydrophilic nature. The above findings may contribute to the development of high-performance nanostructured coatings for biomedical applications.
