The Experts below are selected from a list of 19950 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Keith W Campbell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vulnerable Narcissism is mostly a disorder of neuroticism
Journal of Personality, 2018Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Michael L Crowe, Donald R Lynam, Colin E Vize, Chelsea E Sleep, Jessica L Mapleskeller, Keith W CampbellAbstract:Objective Increasing attention has been paid to the distinction between the dimensions of narcissistic grandiosity and vulnerability. We examine the degree to which basic traits underlie vulnerable Narcissism, with a particular emphasis on the importance of Neuroticism and Agreeableness. Method Across four samples (undergraduate, online community, clinical-community), we conduct dominance analyses to partition the variance predicted in vulnerable Narcissism by the Five-Factor Model personality domains, as well as compare the empirical profiles generated by vulnerable Narcissism and Neuroticism. Results These analyses demonstrate that the lion's share of variance is explained by Neuroticism (65%) and Agreeableness (19%). Similarity analyses were also conducted in which the extent to which vulnerable Narcissism and Neuroticism share similar empirical networks was tested using an array of criteria, including self-, informant, and thin slice ratings of personality; interview-based ratings of personality disorder and pathological traits; and self-ratings of adverse events and functional outcomes. The empirical correlates of vulnerable Narcissism and Neuroticism were nearly identical (MrICC = .94). Partial analyses demonstrated that the variance in vulnerable Narcissism not shared with Neuroticism is largely specific to disagreeableness-related traits such as distrustfulness and grandiosity. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the parsimony of using basic personality to study personality pathology and have implications for how vulnerable Narcissism might be approached clinically.
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controversies in Narcissism
Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 2017Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Donald R Lynam, Courtland S Hyatt, Keith W CampbellAbstract:There has been a surge in interest in and research on Narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). Despite or because of this increased attention, there are several areas of substantial debate that surround the construct, including descriptions of grandiose and vulnerable dimensions or variants, questions regarding the existence of a consensual description, central versus peripheral features of Narcissism, distinctions between normal and pathological Narcissism, possible etiological factors, the role of self-esteem in Narcissism, where Narcissism should be studied, how it can be assessed, and its representation in diagnostic nosologies. We suggest that a failure to distinguish between grandiose (i.e., overtly immodest, self-centered, entitled, domineering) and vulnerable (e.g., self-centered, distrustful, neurotic, introverted) presentations of Narcissism has led to a less cohesive and coherent literature and that trait-based models of personality and personality disorder can bring greater clarity to many of these important debates.
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personality and selfies Narcissism and the dark triad
Computers in Human Behavior, 2016Co-Authors: Jessica Mccain, Zachary G Borg, Ariel H Rothenberg, Kristina M Churillo, Paul Weiler, Keith W CampbellAbstract:Abstract Selfies, or pictures taken of oneself and shared on social media, have become a worldwide phenomenon. In the present research, we examine the relationship between Narcissism, both vulnerable and grandiose, and the frequency of and motivations behind selfie-taking. The Dark Triad of personality (Narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism) and self-esteem were also measured. In Study 1, 348 adults on Amazon Mturk completed measures of personality, demographics, and several questions about selfie behavior online. In Study 2, 491 undergraduate students completed the same measures and a subset of these provided access to their Instagram and Iconosquare accounts, which were rated for Narcissism by naive judges. Results from both studies indicate that grandiose Narcissism is associated with taking and posting more selfies, experiencing more positive affect when taking selfies, and self-reported self-presentation motives. The Dark Triad traits resembled grandiose Narcissism. Vulnerable Narcissism was associated with negative affect when taking selfies. Self-esteem was unrelated to selfie-taking.
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thinking structurally about Narcissism an examination of the five factor Narcissism inventory and its components
Journal of Personality Disorders, 2015Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Donald R Lynam, Jessica Mccain, Cristina Crego, Thomas A Widiger, Keith W CampbellAbstract:The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI) is a self-report measure of the traits linked to grandiose and vulnerable Narcissism, as well as narcissistic personality disorder (NPD), from a five-factor model perspective (FFM). In the current studies, the factor structure of the FFNI was explored and the results supported the extraction of three factors: Antagonism (e.g., Arrogance), Neuroticism (e.g., Need for Admiration), and Agentic Extraversion (e.g., Authoritativeness). In Study 2, the FFNI factors manifested convergent validity with their corresponding Big Five domains and diverging relations with measures of grandiose and vulnerable Narcissism, NPD, and selfesteem. Ultimately, the FFNI factors help explicate the differences between various expressions of Narcissism such that all are related to Antagonism but differ with regard to Neuroticism (relevant to vulnerable Narcissism and NPD) and Agentic Extraversion (relevant to grandiose Narcissism and NPD). The results also highlight the complex relation between self-esteem and the traits that comprise Narcissism measures.
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a comparison of the criterion validity of popular measures of Narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder via the use of expert ratings
Psychological Assessment, 2014Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Brittany Gentile, Donald R Lynam, Jessica Mccain, James Mackillop, Keith W CampbellAbstract:The growing interest in the study of Narcissism has resulted in the development of a number of assessment instruments that manifest only modest to moderate convergence. The present studies adjudicate among these measures with regard to criterion validity. In the 1st study, we compared multiple Narcissism measures to expert consensus ratings of the personality traits associated with narcissistic personality disorder (NPD; Study 1; N 98 community participants receiving psychological/psychiatric treatment) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; DSM–IV–TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) using 5-factor model traits as well as the traits associated with the pathological trait model according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). In Study 2 (N 274 undergraduates), we tested the criterion validity of an even larger set of Narcissism instruments by examining their relations with measures of general and pathological personality, as well as psychopathology, and compared the resultant correlations to the correlations expected by experts for measures of grandiose and vulnerable Narcissism. Across studies, the grandiose dimensions from the FiveFactor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI; Glover, Miller, Lynam, Crego, & Widiger, 2012) and the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (Raskin & Terry, 1988) provided the strongest match to expert ratings of DSM–IV–TR NPD and grandiose Narcissism, whereas the vulnerable dimensions of the FFNI and the Pathological Narcissism Inventory (Pincus et al., 2009), as well as the Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale (Hendin & Cheek, 1997), provided the best match to expert ratings of vulnerable Narcissism. These results should help guide researchers toward the selection of Narcissism instruments that are most well suited to capturing different aspects of Narcissism.
Joshua D. Miller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vulnerable Narcissism is mostly a disorder of neuroticism
Journal of Personality, 2018Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Michael L Crowe, Donald R Lynam, Colin E Vize, Chelsea E Sleep, Jessica L Mapleskeller, Keith W CampbellAbstract:Objective Increasing attention has been paid to the distinction between the dimensions of narcissistic grandiosity and vulnerability. We examine the degree to which basic traits underlie vulnerable Narcissism, with a particular emphasis on the importance of Neuroticism and Agreeableness. Method Across four samples (undergraduate, online community, clinical-community), we conduct dominance analyses to partition the variance predicted in vulnerable Narcissism by the Five-Factor Model personality domains, as well as compare the empirical profiles generated by vulnerable Narcissism and Neuroticism. Results These analyses demonstrate that the lion's share of variance is explained by Neuroticism (65%) and Agreeableness (19%). Similarity analyses were also conducted in which the extent to which vulnerable Narcissism and Neuroticism share similar empirical networks was tested using an array of criteria, including self-, informant, and thin slice ratings of personality; interview-based ratings of personality disorder and pathological traits; and self-ratings of adverse events and functional outcomes. The empirical correlates of vulnerable Narcissism and Neuroticism were nearly identical (MrICC = .94). Partial analyses demonstrated that the variance in vulnerable Narcissism not shared with Neuroticism is largely specific to disagreeableness-related traits such as distrustfulness and grandiosity. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the parsimony of using basic personality to study personality pathology and have implications for how vulnerable Narcissism might be approached clinically.
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controversies in Narcissism
Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 2017Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Donald R Lynam, Courtland S Hyatt, Keith W CampbellAbstract:There has been a surge in interest in and research on Narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). Despite or because of this increased attention, there are several areas of substantial debate that surround the construct, including descriptions of grandiose and vulnerable dimensions or variants, questions regarding the existence of a consensual description, central versus peripheral features of Narcissism, distinctions between normal and pathological Narcissism, possible etiological factors, the role of self-esteem in Narcissism, where Narcissism should be studied, how it can be assessed, and its representation in diagnostic nosologies. We suggest that a failure to distinguish between grandiose (i.e., overtly immodest, self-centered, entitled, domineering) and vulnerable (e.g., self-centered, distrustful, neurotic, introverted) presentations of Narcissism has led to a less cohesive and coherent literature and that trait-based models of personality and personality disorder can bring greater clarity to many of these important debates.
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thinking structurally about Narcissism an examination of the five factor Narcissism inventory and its components
Journal of Personality Disorders, 2015Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Donald R Lynam, Jessica Mccain, Cristina Crego, Thomas A Widiger, Keith W CampbellAbstract:The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI) is a self-report measure of the traits linked to grandiose and vulnerable Narcissism, as well as narcissistic personality disorder (NPD), from a five-factor model perspective (FFM). In the current studies, the factor structure of the FFNI was explored and the results supported the extraction of three factors: Antagonism (e.g., Arrogance), Neuroticism (e.g., Need for Admiration), and Agentic Extraversion (e.g., Authoritativeness). In Study 2, the FFNI factors manifested convergent validity with their corresponding Big Five domains and diverging relations with measures of grandiose and vulnerable Narcissism, NPD, and selfesteem. Ultimately, the FFNI factors help explicate the differences between various expressions of Narcissism such that all are related to Antagonism but differ with regard to Neuroticism (relevant to vulnerable Narcissism and NPD) and Agentic Extraversion (relevant to grandiose Narcissism and NPD). The results also highlight the complex relation between self-esteem and the traits that comprise Narcissism measures.
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a comparison of the criterion validity of popular measures of Narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder via the use of expert ratings
Psychological Assessment, 2014Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Brittany Gentile, Donald R Lynam, Jessica Mccain, James Mackillop, Keith W CampbellAbstract:The growing interest in the study of Narcissism has resulted in the development of a number of assessment instruments that manifest only modest to moderate convergence. The present studies adjudicate among these measures with regard to criterion validity. In the 1st study, we compared multiple Narcissism measures to expert consensus ratings of the personality traits associated with narcissistic personality disorder (NPD; Study 1; N 98 community participants receiving psychological/psychiatric treatment) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; DSM–IV–TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) using 5-factor model traits as well as the traits associated with the pathological trait model according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). In Study 2 (N 274 undergraduates), we tested the criterion validity of an even larger set of Narcissism instruments by examining their relations with measures of general and pathological personality, as well as psychopathology, and compared the resultant correlations to the correlations expected by experts for measures of grandiose and vulnerable Narcissism. Across studies, the grandiose dimensions from the FiveFactor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI; Glover, Miller, Lynam, Crego, & Widiger, 2012) and the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (Raskin & Terry, 1988) provided the strongest match to expert ratings of DSM–IV–TR NPD and grandiose Narcissism, whereas the vulnerable dimensions of the FFNI and the Pathological Narcissism Inventory (Pincus et al., 2009), as well as the Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale (Hendin & Cheek, 1997), provided the best match to expert ratings of vulnerable Narcissism. These results should help guide researchers toward the selection of Narcissism instruments that are most well suited to capturing different aspects of Narcissism.
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grandiose and vulnerable Narcissism from the perspective of the interpersonal circumplex
Personality and Individual Differences, 2012Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Joanna Price, Brittany Gentile, Donald R Lynam, Keith W CampbellAbstract:Abstract A growing empirical literature documents the existence of two distinct dimensions of Narcissism, grandiose and vulnerable. In order to better understand the nature of these dimensions, we examined them in the context of the interpersonal circumplex (IPC). Using a sample collected on-line ( N = 277), we examined the relations between these two Narcissism dimensions – generated as a result of an exploratory factor analysis of 15 Narcissism and Narcissism-related scales – and two measures of the IPC. GN was most strongly linked with high agency and low communion. Conversely, vulnerable Narcissism was most strongly linked with low communion. The data also suggest that the assessment of IPC can substantially influence the pattern of findings for vulnerable Narcissism.
Donald R Lynam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vulnerable Narcissism is mostly a disorder of neuroticism
Journal of Personality, 2018Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Michael L Crowe, Donald R Lynam, Colin E Vize, Chelsea E Sleep, Jessica L Mapleskeller, Keith W CampbellAbstract:Objective Increasing attention has been paid to the distinction between the dimensions of narcissistic grandiosity and vulnerability. We examine the degree to which basic traits underlie vulnerable Narcissism, with a particular emphasis on the importance of Neuroticism and Agreeableness. Method Across four samples (undergraduate, online community, clinical-community), we conduct dominance analyses to partition the variance predicted in vulnerable Narcissism by the Five-Factor Model personality domains, as well as compare the empirical profiles generated by vulnerable Narcissism and Neuroticism. Results These analyses demonstrate that the lion's share of variance is explained by Neuroticism (65%) and Agreeableness (19%). Similarity analyses were also conducted in which the extent to which vulnerable Narcissism and Neuroticism share similar empirical networks was tested using an array of criteria, including self-, informant, and thin slice ratings of personality; interview-based ratings of personality disorder and pathological traits; and self-ratings of adverse events and functional outcomes. The empirical correlates of vulnerable Narcissism and Neuroticism were nearly identical (MrICC = .94). Partial analyses demonstrated that the variance in vulnerable Narcissism not shared with Neuroticism is largely specific to disagreeableness-related traits such as distrustfulness and grandiosity. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the parsimony of using basic personality to study personality pathology and have implications for how vulnerable Narcissism might be approached clinically.
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controversies in Narcissism
Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 2017Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Donald R Lynam, Courtland S Hyatt, Keith W CampbellAbstract:There has been a surge in interest in and research on Narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). Despite or because of this increased attention, there are several areas of substantial debate that surround the construct, including descriptions of grandiose and vulnerable dimensions or variants, questions regarding the existence of a consensual description, central versus peripheral features of Narcissism, distinctions between normal and pathological Narcissism, possible etiological factors, the role of self-esteem in Narcissism, where Narcissism should be studied, how it can be assessed, and its representation in diagnostic nosologies. We suggest that a failure to distinguish between grandiose (i.e., overtly immodest, self-centered, entitled, domineering) and vulnerable (e.g., self-centered, distrustful, neurotic, introverted) presentations of Narcissism has led to a less cohesive and coherent literature and that trait-based models of personality and personality disorder can bring greater clarity to many of these important debates.
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thinking structurally about Narcissism an examination of the five factor Narcissism inventory and its components
Journal of Personality Disorders, 2015Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Donald R Lynam, Jessica Mccain, Cristina Crego, Thomas A Widiger, Keith W CampbellAbstract:The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI) is a self-report measure of the traits linked to grandiose and vulnerable Narcissism, as well as narcissistic personality disorder (NPD), from a five-factor model perspective (FFM). In the current studies, the factor structure of the FFNI was explored and the results supported the extraction of three factors: Antagonism (e.g., Arrogance), Neuroticism (e.g., Need for Admiration), and Agentic Extraversion (e.g., Authoritativeness). In Study 2, the FFNI factors manifested convergent validity with their corresponding Big Five domains and diverging relations with measures of grandiose and vulnerable Narcissism, NPD, and selfesteem. Ultimately, the FFNI factors help explicate the differences between various expressions of Narcissism such that all are related to Antagonism but differ with regard to Neuroticism (relevant to vulnerable Narcissism and NPD) and Agentic Extraversion (relevant to grandiose Narcissism and NPD). The results also highlight the complex relation between self-esteem and the traits that comprise Narcissism measures.
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a comparison of the criterion validity of popular measures of Narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder via the use of expert ratings
Psychological Assessment, 2014Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Brittany Gentile, Donald R Lynam, Jessica Mccain, James Mackillop, Keith W CampbellAbstract:The growing interest in the study of Narcissism has resulted in the development of a number of assessment instruments that manifest only modest to moderate convergence. The present studies adjudicate among these measures with regard to criterion validity. In the 1st study, we compared multiple Narcissism measures to expert consensus ratings of the personality traits associated with narcissistic personality disorder (NPD; Study 1; N 98 community participants receiving psychological/psychiatric treatment) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; DSM–IV–TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) using 5-factor model traits as well as the traits associated with the pathological trait model according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). In Study 2 (N 274 undergraduates), we tested the criterion validity of an even larger set of Narcissism instruments by examining their relations with measures of general and pathological personality, as well as psychopathology, and compared the resultant correlations to the correlations expected by experts for measures of grandiose and vulnerable Narcissism. Across studies, the grandiose dimensions from the FiveFactor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI; Glover, Miller, Lynam, Crego, & Widiger, 2012) and the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (Raskin & Terry, 1988) provided the strongest match to expert ratings of DSM–IV–TR NPD and grandiose Narcissism, whereas the vulnerable dimensions of the FFNI and the Pathological Narcissism Inventory (Pincus et al., 2009), as well as the Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale (Hendin & Cheek, 1997), provided the best match to expert ratings of vulnerable Narcissism. These results should help guide researchers toward the selection of Narcissism instruments that are most well suited to capturing different aspects of Narcissism.
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grandiose and vulnerable Narcissism from the perspective of the interpersonal circumplex
Personality and Individual Differences, 2012Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Joanna Price, Brittany Gentile, Donald R Lynam, Keith W CampbellAbstract:Abstract A growing empirical literature documents the existence of two distinct dimensions of Narcissism, grandiose and vulnerable. In order to better understand the nature of these dimensions, we examined them in the context of the interpersonal circumplex (IPC). Using a sample collected on-line ( N = 277), we examined the relations between these two Narcissism dimensions – generated as a result of an exploratory factor analysis of 15 Narcissism and Narcissism-related scales – and two measures of the IPC. GN was most strongly linked with high agency and low communion. Conversely, vulnerable Narcissism was most strongly linked with low communion. The data also suggest that the assessment of IPC can substantially influence the pattern of findings for vulnerable Narcissism.
Jessica Mccain - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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personality and selfies Narcissism and the dark triad
Computers in Human Behavior, 2016Co-Authors: Jessica Mccain, Zachary G Borg, Ariel H Rothenberg, Kristina M Churillo, Paul Weiler, Keith W CampbellAbstract:Abstract Selfies, or pictures taken of oneself and shared on social media, have become a worldwide phenomenon. In the present research, we examine the relationship between Narcissism, both vulnerable and grandiose, and the frequency of and motivations behind selfie-taking. The Dark Triad of personality (Narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism) and self-esteem were also measured. In Study 1, 348 adults on Amazon Mturk completed measures of personality, demographics, and several questions about selfie behavior online. In Study 2, 491 undergraduate students completed the same measures and a subset of these provided access to their Instagram and Iconosquare accounts, which were rated for Narcissism by naive judges. Results from both studies indicate that grandiose Narcissism is associated with taking and posting more selfies, experiencing more positive affect when taking selfies, and self-reported self-presentation motives. The Dark Triad traits resembled grandiose Narcissism. Vulnerable Narcissism was associated with negative affect when taking selfies. Self-esteem was unrelated to selfie-taking.
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thinking structurally about Narcissism an examination of the five factor Narcissism inventory and its components
Journal of Personality Disorders, 2015Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Donald R Lynam, Jessica Mccain, Cristina Crego, Thomas A Widiger, Keith W CampbellAbstract:The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI) is a self-report measure of the traits linked to grandiose and vulnerable Narcissism, as well as narcissistic personality disorder (NPD), from a five-factor model perspective (FFM). In the current studies, the factor structure of the FFNI was explored and the results supported the extraction of three factors: Antagonism (e.g., Arrogance), Neuroticism (e.g., Need for Admiration), and Agentic Extraversion (e.g., Authoritativeness). In Study 2, the FFNI factors manifested convergent validity with their corresponding Big Five domains and diverging relations with measures of grandiose and vulnerable Narcissism, NPD, and selfesteem. Ultimately, the FFNI factors help explicate the differences between various expressions of Narcissism such that all are related to Antagonism but differ with regard to Neuroticism (relevant to vulnerable Narcissism and NPD) and Agentic Extraversion (relevant to grandiose Narcissism and NPD). The results also highlight the complex relation between self-esteem and the traits that comprise Narcissism measures.
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a comparison of the criterion validity of popular measures of Narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder via the use of expert ratings
Psychological Assessment, 2014Co-Authors: Joshua D. Miller, Brittany Gentile, Donald R Lynam, Jessica Mccain, James Mackillop, Keith W CampbellAbstract:The growing interest in the study of Narcissism has resulted in the development of a number of assessment instruments that manifest only modest to moderate convergence. The present studies adjudicate among these measures with regard to criterion validity. In the 1st study, we compared multiple Narcissism measures to expert consensus ratings of the personality traits associated with narcissistic personality disorder (NPD; Study 1; N 98 community participants receiving psychological/psychiatric treatment) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; DSM–IV–TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) using 5-factor model traits as well as the traits associated with the pathological trait model according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). In Study 2 (N 274 undergraduates), we tested the criterion validity of an even larger set of Narcissism instruments by examining their relations with measures of general and pathological personality, as well as psychopathology, and compared the resultant correlations to the correlations expected by experts for measures of grandiose and vulnerable Narcissism. Across studies, the grandiose dimensions from the FiveFactor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI; Glover, Miller, Lynam, Crego, & Widiger, 2012) and the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (Raskin & Terry, 1988) provided the strongest match to expert ratings of DSM–IV–TR NPD and grandiose Narcissism, whereas the vulnerable dimensions of the FFNI and the Pathological Narcissism Inventory (Pincus et al., 2009), as well as the Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale (Hendin & Cheek, 1997), provided the best match to expert ratings of vulnerable Narcissism. These results should help guide researchers toward the selection of Narcissism instruments that are most well suited to capturing different aspects of Narcissism.
Joshua D. Foster - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Handbook of Narcissism and Narcissistic Personality Disorder - Narcissism and Romantic Relationships
Handbook of Trait Narcissism, 2018Co-Authors: Joshua D. Foster, Amy B. BrunellAbstract:The term “Narcissism” is etymologically rooted in Greek mythology and specifically a story of unrequited love, jealousy, and revenge. To some degree, what is old is new in terms of how Narcissism is depicted in the romantic relationships empirical literature. That is, Narcissism is mostly understood to be a predictor of relationship damaging behaviors and thoughts. However, unlike the mythological tale of Narcissus and Echo, things do not always end in tragedy when Narcissism and romance intertwine. Indeed, there are some, more or less, positive findings in this literature. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a brief overview of empirical findings showing the positive and negative sides of Narcissism and relationships. In particular, this chapter focuses on grandiose Narcissism, a type of Narcissism characterized by generally positive and grandiose self-perceptions. In addition to reviewing the literature on Narcissism and relationships, the chapter concludes by offering suggestions, both topical and methodological, for future research directions.
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on being eager and uninhibited Narcissism and approach avoidance motivation
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 2008Co-Authors: Joshua D. Foster, Riley F TrimmAbstract:This article demonstrates the validity and utility of conceptualizing narcissistic personality in terms of relative approach–avoidance motivation. Across three studies (N = 1,319), Narcissism predicted high approach and low avoidance motivation. That is, narcissists reported being strongly motivated to approach desirable outcomes but only weakly motivated to avoid negative outcomes. Relative approach–avoidance motivation was shown to be useful in terms of explaining behavioral tendencies associated with Narcissism (i.e., functional and dysfunctional impulsivity) and distinguishing different “flavors” of Narcissism (i.e., overt and covert Narcissism). Discussion focuses on how approach–avoidance motivation may be used to explain prior findings in the Narcissism literature and generate novel future hypotheses.
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individual differences in Narcissism inflated self views across the lifespan and around the world
Journal of Research in Personality, 2003Co-Authors: Joshua D. Foster, Keith W Campbell, Jean M TwengeAbstract:Abstract The present investigation examined associations among Narcissism, age, ethnicity, world region, and gender, using a large ( n =3445) sample of participants representing several different world regions and ethnicities. The results suggest that (1) reported Narcissism declines in older participants, (2) consistent with previous findings, males report being more narcissistic than females, (3) that ethnic differences in reported Narcissism are generally comparable to those found in the self-esteem literature, and (4) that world region appears to exert influence on Narcissism, with participants from more individualistic societies reporting more Narcissism. The results are discussed in terms of how age and culture might impact Narcissism and how future research might address this topic.
