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Saez Herrera, Karina Gloria - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Efecto hepatoprotector del extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de Nasturtium officinale w.t. aiton (berro) en ratas albinas inducidas con paracetamol a hepatotoxicidad aguda
Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, 2019Co-Authors: Manrique Izaguirre, Kelly Estefania, Saez Herrera, Karina GloriaAbstract:Diversas plantas como las frutas y hortalizas contienen en su composición fitonutrientes y nutraceúticos importantes para la salud, para prevención y tratamiento de enfermedades, como es el caso del berro. El objetivo central del presente estudio de investigación fue determinar el efecto hepatoprotector del extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (berro) en ratas albinas inducidas con paracetamol a hepatotoxicidad aguda. El estudio fue de tipo experimental, se realizó la marcha fitoquímica al extracto y para el experimento hepatoprotector se empleó 36 ratas albinas divididos en 6 grupos (G) a los cuales se administró por vía oral; G1: Solución salina fisiológica (SSF) 5 mg/kg; G2: SSF 5 mg/kg + Paracetamol 400 mg/kg, G3: Berro 200 mg/kg + Paracetamol; G4: Berro 300 mg/kg + Paracetamol; G5: Berro 500 mg/kg + Paracetamol y G6: Silimarina 100 mg/kg + Paracetamol. El paracetamol fue el agente inductor de toxicidad hepática aguda en la marcha fitoquímica se halló la presencia de alcaloides, flavonoides, compuestos fenólicos, saponinas, antraquinonas, esteroides y/o triterpenoides, el extracto presentó solubilidad en solventes polares como el agua y el etanol. La dosis del extracto de 500 mg/kg fue que presentó mejor efecto hepatoprotector que las otras dosis ensayadas, es decir el efecto fue dosis dependiente y significante (p0.05), el efecto se evidenció por disminución de los niveles de TGO, fosfatasa alcalina, bilirrubina total, proteínas totales y aumento de albúmina. Se concluyó que el extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (berro) mostró tener efecto hepatoprotector en ratas albinas inducidas con paracetamol a hepatotoxicidad aguda.Various plants such as fruits and vegetables contain in their composition phytonutrients and nutraceuticals important for health, for prevention and treatment of diseases, such as watercress. The main objective of this research study was to determine the hepatoprotective effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (watercress) in albino rats induced with paracetamol to acute hepatotoxicity. The study was of an experimental type, the phytochemical march study was carried out on the extract and for the hepatoprotective experiment, 36 albino rats divided into 6 groups (G) were used, which were administered orally; G1: Physiological saline solution (SSF) 5 mg / kg; G2: SSF 5 mg / kg + Paracetamol 400 mg / kg, G3: Watercress 200 mg / kg + Paracetamol; G4: Watercress 300 mg / kg + Paracetamol; G5: Watercress 500 mg / kg + Paracetamol and G6: Silymarin 100 mg / kg + Paracetamol. Paracetamol was the agent that induces acute liver toxicity. Results; in the phytochemical march the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins, anthraquinones, steroids and / or triterpenoids was found, the extract showed solubility in polar solvents such as water and ethanol. The dose of the 500 mg / kg extract showed a better hepatoprotective effect than the other doses tested, that is, the effect was dose-dependent and significant (p 0.05), the effect was evidenced by a decrease in the levels of TGO, TGO, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total proteins and albumin increase. Conclusion, the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (watercress) showed to have hepatoprotective effect in albino rats induced with paracetamol to acute hepatotoxicity
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Efecto hepatoprotector del extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de Nasturtium officinale w.t. aiton (berro) en ratas albinas inducidas con paracetamol a hepatotoxicidad aguda
'Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega', 2019Co-Authors: Manrique Izaguirre, Kelly Estefania, Saez Herrera, Karina GloriaAbstract:Various plants such as fruits and vegetables contain in their composition phytonutrients and nutraceuticals important for health, for prevention and treatment of diseases, such as watercress. The main objective of this research study was to determine the hepatoprotective effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (watercress) in albino rats induced with paracetamol to acute hepatotoxicity. The study was of an experimental type, the phytochemical march study was carried out on the extract and for the hepatoprotective experiment, 36 albino rats divided into 6 groups (G) were used, which were administered orally; G1: Physiological saline solution (SSF) 5 mg / kg; G2: SSF 5 mg / kg + Paracetamol 400 mg / kg, G3: Watercress 200 mg / kg + Paracetamol; G4: Watercress 300 mg / kg + Paracetamol; G5: Watercress 500 mg / kg + Paracetamol and G6: Silymarin 100 mg / kg + Paracetamol. Paracetamol was the agent that induces acute liver toxicity. Results; in the phytochemical march the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins, anthraquinones, steroids and / or triterpenoids was found, the extract showed solubility in polar solvents such as water and ethanol. The dose of the 500 mg / kg extract showed a better hepatoprotective effect than the other doses tested, that is, the effect was dose-dependent and significant (p 0.05), the effect was evidenced by a decrease in the levels of TGO, TGO, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total proteins and albumin increase. Conclusion, the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (watercress) showed to have hepatoprotective effect in albino rats induced with paracetamol to acute hepatotoxicity.TesisDiversas plantas como las frutas y hortalizas contienen en su composición fitonutrientes y nutraceúticos importantes para la salud, para prevención y tratamiento de enfermedades, como es el caso del berro. El objetivo central del presente estudio de investigación fue determinar el efecto hepatoprotector del extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (berro) en ratas albinas inducidas con paracetamol a hepatotoxicidad aguda. El estudio fue de tipo experimental, se realizó la marcha fitoquímica al extracto y para el experimento hepatoprotector se empleó 36 ratas albinas divididos en 6 grupos (G) a los cuales se administró por vía oral; G1: Solución salina fisiológica (SSF) 5 mg/kg; G2: SSF 5 mg/kg + Paracetamol 400 mg/kg, G3: Berro 200 mg/kg + Paracetamol; G4: Berro 300 mg/kg + Paracetamol; G5: Berro 500 mg/kg + Paracetamol y G6: Silimarina 100 mg/kg + Paracetamol. El paracetamol fue el agente inductor de toxicidad hepática aguda en la marcha fitoquímica se halló la presencia de alcaloides, flavonoides, compuestos fenólicos, saponinas, antraquinonas, esteroides y/o triterpenoides, el extracto presentó solubilidad en solventes polares como el agua y el etanol. La dosis del extracto de 500 mg/kg fue que presentó mejor efecto hepatoprotector que las otras dosis ensayadas, es decir el efecto fue dosis dependiente y significante (p0.05), el efecto se evidenció por disminución de los niveles de TGO, fosfatasa alcalina, bilirrubina total, proteínas totales y aumento de albúmina. Se concluyó que el extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (berro) mostró tener efecto hepatoprotector en ratas albinas inducidas con paracetamol a hepatotoxicidad aguda
Vladimir Farkas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Incorporation of β-(1,6)-linked glucooligosaccharides (pustulooligosaccharides) into plant cell wall structures
Chemical Papers, 2012Co-Authors: Zuzana Zemková, Vladimir Farkas, Soňa Garajová, Dana Flodrová, Pavel Řehulka, Ivan Zelko, Renáta Vadkertiová, Eva StratilováAbstract:Protein extract of germinating Nasturtium ( Tropaeolum majus ) seeds containing xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (xyloglucan xyloglucosyl transferase, EC 2.4.1.207, abbreviated XET) exhibited the heterotransglycosylating activity with donor/acceptor substrate pair xyloglucan/sulphorhodamine labelled pustulooligosaccharides (XG/PUOS-SR) in a dot blot assay. The heterotransglycosylating activity was confirmed by the substrate-product changes during transglycosylation by HPLC size-exclusion chromatography. Another donor substrate capable of being coupled with PUOS-SR was cellulose, probably owing to its structural similarity to xyloglucan. Surprisingly, microscopic comparison of the incorporation of the labelled xyloglucan nonasaccharide XGO9-SR (specific substrate for XET) and PUOS-SR into the cell wall structures clearly showed differences in their binding to specific cell structures: the primary cell wall and the plasma membrane. These findings indicate the existence in Nasturtium of XETs with different localisation, substrate specificity and, probably, function.
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xyloglucan endotransglycosylases xets from germinating Nasturtium tropaeolum majus seeds isolation and characterization of the major form
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2010Co-Authors: Eva Stratilová, Soňa Garajová, Dana Flodrová, Fairouz Aitmohand, Pavel řehulka, Helena řehulkova, Vladimir FarkasAbstract:Abstract Five forms of xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase (XTH) differing in their isoelectric points (pI) were detected in crude extracts from germinating Nasturtium seeds. Without further fractionation, all five forms behaved as typical endotransglycosylases since they exhibited only transglycosylating (XET) activity and no xyloglucan-hydrolysing (XEH) activity. They all were glycoproteins with identical molecular mass, and deglycosylation led to a decrease in molecular mass from approximately 29 to 26.5 kDa. The major enzyme form having pI 6.3, temporarily designated as TmXET(6.3), was isolated and characterized. Molecular and biochemical properties of TmXET(6.3) confirmed its distinction from the XTHs described previously from Nasturtium. The enzyme exhibited broad substrate specificity by transferring xyloglucan or hydroxyethylcellulose fragments not only to oligoxyloglucosides and cello-oligosaccharides but also to oligosaccharides derived from β-(1,4)- d -glucuronoxylan, β-(1,6)- d -glucan, mixed-linkage β-(1,3; 1,4)- d -glucan and at a relatively low rate also to β-(1,3)-gluco-oligosaccharides. The transglycosylating activity with xyloglucan as donor and cello-oligosaccharides as acceptors represented 4.6%, with laminarioligosaccharides 0.23%, with mixed-linkage β-(1,3; 1,4)- d -gluco-oligosaccharides 2.06%, with β-(1,4)- d -glucuronoxylo-oligosaccharides 0.31% and with β-(1,6)- d -gluco-oligosaccharides 0.69% of that determined with xyloglucan oligosaccharides as acceptors. Based on the sequence homology of tryptic fragments with the sequences of known XTHs, the TmXET(6.3) was classified into group II of the XTH phylogeny of glycoside hydrolase family GH16.
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xyloglucan endotransglycosylases xets from germinating Nasturtium tropaeolum majus seeds isolation and characterization of the major form
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2010Co-Authors: Eva Stratilová, Soňa Garajová, Dana Flodrová, Fairouz Aitmohand, Pavel řehulka, Helena řehulkova, Vladimir FarkasAbstract:Five forms of xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase (XTH) differing in their isoelectric points (pI) were detected in crude extracts from germinating Nasturtium seeds. Without further fractionation, all five forms behaved as typical endotransglycosylases since they exhibited only transglycosylating (XET) activity and no xyloglucan-hydrolysing (XEH) activity. They all were glycoproteins with identical molecular mass, and deglycosylation led to a decrease in molecular mass from approximately 29 to 26.5 kDa. The major enzyme form having pI 6.3, temporarily designated as TmXET(6.3), was isolated and characterized. Molecular and biochemical properties of TmXET(6.3) confirmed its distinction from the XTHs described previously from Nasturtium. The enzyme exhibited broad substrate specificity by transferring xyloglucan or hydroxyethylcellulose fragments not only to oligoxyloglucosides and cello-oligosaccharides but also to oligosaccharides derived from beta-(1,4)-d-glucuronoxylan, beta-(1,6)-d-glucan, mixed-linkage beta-(1,3; 1,4)-d-glucan and at a relatively low rate also to beta-(1,3)-gluco-oligosaccharides. The transglycosylating activity with xyloglucan as donor and cello-oligosaccharides as acceptors represented 4.6%, with laminarioligosaccharides 0.23%, with mixed-linkage beta-(1,3; 1,4)-d-gluco-oligosaccharides 2.06%, with beta-(1,4)-d-glucuronoxylo-oligosaccharides 0.31% and with beta-(1,6)-d-gluco-oligosaccharides 0.69% of that determined with xyloglucan oligosaccharides as acceptors. Based on the sequence homology of tryptic fragments with the sequences of known XTHs, the TmXET(6.3) was classified into group II of the XTH phylogeny of glycoside hydrolase family GH16.
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pectic homogalacturonan masks abundant sets of xyloglucan epitopes in plant cell walls
BMC Plant Biology, 2008Co-Authors: Susan E Marcus, Vladimir Farkas, Yves Verhertbruggen, Cecile Herve, Jose Juan Ordazortiz, Henriette L Pedersen, William G T Willats, Paul J KnoxAbstract:Molecular probes are required to detect cell wall polymers in-situ to aid understanding of their cell biology and several studies have shown that cell wall epitopes have restricted occurrences across sections of plant organs indicating that cell wall structure is highly developmentally regulated. Xyloglucan is the major hemicellulose or cross-linking glycan of the primary cell walls of dicotyledons although little is known of its occurrence or functions in relation to cell development and cell wall microstructure. Using a neoglycoprotein approach, in which a XXXG heptasaccharide of tamarind seed xyloglucan was coupled to BSA to produce an immunogen, we have generated a rat monoclonal antibody (designated LM15) to the XXXG structural motif of xyloglucans. The specificity of LM15 has been confirmed by the analysis of LM15 binding using glycan microarrays and oligosaccharide hapten inhibition of binding studies. The use of LM15 for the analysis of xyloglucan in the cell walls of tamarind and Nasturtium seeds, in which xyloglucan occurs as a storage polysaccharide, indicated that the LM15 xyloglucan epitope occurs throughout the thickened cell walls of the tamarind seed and in the outer regions, adjacent to middle lamellae, of the thickened cell walls of the Nasturtium seed. Immunofluorescence analysis of LM15 binding to sections of tobacco and pea stem internodes indicated that the xyloglucan epitope was restricted to a few cell types in these organs. Enzymatic removal of pectic homogalacturonan from equivalent sections resulted in the abundant detection of distinct patterns of the LM15 xyloglucan epitope across these organs and a diversity of occurrences in relation to the cell wall microstructure of a range of cell types. These observations support ideas that xyloglucan is associated with pectin in plant cell walls. They also indicate that documented patterns of cell wall epitopes in relation to cell development and cell differentiation may need to be re-considered in relation to the potential masking of cell wall epitopes by other cell wall components.
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screening for hetero transglycosylating activities in extracts from Nasturtium tropaeolum majus
Carbohydrate Research, 2006Co-Authors: Fairouz Ait Mohand, Vladimir FarkasAbstract:Using combinations of different polysaccharides as glycosyl donors and of oligosaccharides fluorescently labeled by sulforhodamine (SR) as glycosyl acceptors, we screened for the presence of transglycosylating activities in extracts from Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus). Besides xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase (XTH/XET, EC 2.4.1.207) activity, which transfers xyloglucanosyl residues from xyloglucan (XG) to XG-derived oligosaccharides (XGOs), a glycosyl transfer from XG to SR-labeled cellooligosaccharides and laminarioligosaccharides has been detected. The XGOs also served as acceptors for the glycosyl transfer from soluble cellulose derivatives carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethylcellulose. The effectivity of these polysaccharides as glycosyl donors for transfer to XG-derived octasaccharide [1-3H]XXLGol decreased in the order XG > HEC > CMC. Isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels showed that bands corresponding to hetero-transglycosylase activities coincided with zones corresponding to XTH/XET. These results can be explained as due either to substrate non-specificity of certain isoenzymes of XTH/XET or to existence of enzymes catalyzing a hetero-transfer, that is the formation of covalent linkages between different types of carbohydrate polymers.
J Grant S Reid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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molecular characterisation of a xyloglucan oligosaccharide acting α d xylosidase from Nasturtium tropaeolum majus l cotyledons that resembles plant apoplastic α d glucosidases
Planta, 2002Co-Authors: Hazel J Crombie, Sumant Chengappa, Chris Sidebottom, Carl Jarman, J Grant S ReidAbstract:We report the isolation, sequencing and analysis of the cDNA corresponding to an α-D-xylosidase involved in the mobilisation of xyloglucan from the cotyledons of germinated Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) seeds. The translated open reading frame (2,808 bp including the stop codon), gave a polypeptide of 935 amino acids. It included the sequences of eleven peptides obtained by endo-proteinase digestion of the protein, and a putative hydrophobic signal sequence characteristic of a protein that is directed through the plasma membrane. The deduced molecular weight of the translated protein was appreciably higher than the molecular weight determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, suggesting post-translational modification. The protein sequence showed high homology (76.0% identity over 896 amino acids) with a putative α-xylosidase sequence from Arabidopsis thaliana and there was homology with several α-glucosidases, notably those associated with the plant cell apoplast. The enzyme is a member of Family 31 of the glycosyl hydrolases and it fits into Clade 1 of the phylogenic analysis of α-glucosidases. Although in vivo the Nasturtium enzyme catalyses mobilisation of cell wall xyloglucan, the homology of its primary sequence with α-glucosidases prompted study of its action on a range of α-glucosides. It was active against several α-(1→4)- and α-(1→6)-linked substrates, the former being hydrolysed faster. The functional and evolutionary relationships between this α-D-xylosidase and plant "apoplastic" α-D-glucosidases are discussed.
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a xyloglucan oligosaccharide active transglycosylating d glucosidase from the cotyledons of Nasturtium tropaeolum majus l seedlings purification properties and characterization of a cdna clone
Plant Journal, 1998Co-Authors: Hazel J Crombie, Sumant Chengappa, Amanda Hellyer, J Grant S ReidAbstract:A beta-D-glucosidase has been purified to apparent homogeneity from the cotyledons of germinated Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) seedlings during the mobilization of the xyloglucan stored in the cotyledonary cell walls. The purified protein (M(r) 76000; a glycoprotein; pI > 9.5; apparent pH optimum 4.5; temperature optimum 30 degree C) catalysed the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, cello-oligosaccharides, beta-linked glucose disaccharides, and certain xyloglucan oligosaccharides. Glucose disaccharides with different linkages were hydrolysed at different rates [(1 leads to 3) > (1 leads to 4) > (1 leads to 2) > (1 leads to 6)] with significant transglycosylation occurring in the early stages of the reaction. Cello-oligosaccharide hydrolysis was also accompanied by extensive transglycosylation to give transitory accumulations of higher oligosaccharides. At least some of the glycosyl linkages formed during transglycosylation were (1 leads to 6)-beta. Xyloglucan oligosaccharides xylose-substituted at the non-reducing terminal glucose residue (XXXG, XXLG, XLXG and XLLG, where G is an unsubstituted glucose residue, X is a xylose-substituted glucose residue, and L is a galactosylxylose-substituted glucose residue) were not hydrolysed. Some xyloglucan oligosaccharides with an unsubstituted non-reducing terminal glucose residue (GXXG, GXLG and GXG) were hydrolysed, but others (GLXG and GLLG) were not. This indicated steric hindrance by L but not X substitution at the glucose residue next to the one at the non-reducing end of the oligosaccharide. Hydrolysis of xyloglucan oligosaccharides was not accompanied by transglycosylation. Natural xyloglucan subunit oligosaccharides (XXXG, XXLG, XLXG, XLLG) were totally degraded to their monosaccharide components when treated with Nasturtium beta-D-galactosidase (Edwards et al. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 4333-4337), followed by alternations of Nasturtium xyloglucan-specific alpha-xylosidase (Fanutti et al. (1991) Planta 184, 137-147) and this enzyme. Several extensively overlapping cDNA clones were obtained by RT-PCR and by screening cDNA libraries. A composite, full-length DNA had an open reading frame of 1962 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 654 amino acids, including all N-terminal and internal sequences obtained from the purified beta-glucosidase protein, and a motif resembling plant signal sequences thought to direct proteins to the cell wall. Database searches revealed homology with beta-glucosidases from several sources (plant, bacteria, yeast), notably with glycosylhydrolases of 'Family 3', according to the classification of Henrissat (Henrissat (1991) Biochem. J. 280, 309-316). There was strong sequence homology with a beta-glucan exo-hydrolase from barley (Hrmova et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 5277-5286). The Nasturtium beta-glucosidase is ascribed a role in xyloglucan mobilization, and its interaction with the alpha-xylosidase and the beta-galactosidase is modelled.
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substrate subsite recognition of the xyloglucan endo transglycosylase or xyloglucan specific endo 1 4 beta d glucanase from the cotyledons of germinated Nasturtium tropaeolum majus l seeds
Planta, 1996Co-Authors: Cristina Fanutti, Michael J Gidley, J Grant S ReidAbstract:We have investigated the substrate subsite recognition requirement of the xyloglucan endo-transglycosylase/xyloglucan-specific endo-(1→4)-β-d-glucanase (NXET) from the cotyledons of Nasturtium seedlings. Seed xyloglucans are composed almost entirely of the Glc4 subunits XXXG, XLXG, XXLG and XLLG, where G represents an unsubstituted glucose residue, X a xylose-substituted glucose residue and L a galactosyl-xylose-substituted glucose residue. Thus in the xyloglucan sequence shown below, the xylose (Xyl) residues at the backbone glucose (Glc) residues numbered — 3,— 2, + 2 and + 3 may be galactose-substituted, and NXET cleaves between the unsubstituted glucose at — 1 and the xylose-substituted glucose at + 1, which never carries a galactosyl substituent. We have isolated the xyloglucan oligosaccharides XXXGXXXG and XLLGXLLG from NXET digests of tamarind seed xyloglucan, have modified them enzymatically using a pure xyloglucan oligosaccharide-specific α-xylosidase from Nasturtium seeds to give GXXGXXXG and GLLGXLLG, and have identified and compared the products of NXET action on XXXGXXXG, GXXGXXXG, XLLGXLLG and GLLGXLLG. We have also compared the molar proportions of XXXG, XLXG, XXLG and XLLG in native tamarind and Nasturtium seed xyloglucans with those in NXET digests of these polysaccharides. Using these and existing data we have demonstrated that NXET action does not require xylosesubstitution at glucose residues — 4, — 2, + 1 and + 3 and that xylose substitution at + 2, is a requirement. There may also be a requirement for xylose substitution at — 3. We have demonstrated also that galactosyl substitution of a xylose residue at + 1 prevents, and at — 2 modifies, chain-cleavage. A partial model for the minimum substrate binding requirement of NXET is proposed.
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action of a pure xyloglucan endo transglycosylase formerly called xyloglucan specific endo 1 4 β d glucanase from the cotyledons of germinated Nasturtium seeds
Plant Journal, 1993Co-Authors: Cristina Fanutti, Michael J Gidley, J Grant S ReidAbstract:The action on tamarind seed xyloglucan of the pure, xyloglucan-specific endo-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucanase from Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) cotyledons has been compared with that of a pure endo-(1-->)-beta-D-glucanase ('cellulase') of fungal origin. The fungal enzyme hydrolysed the polysaccharide almost completely to a mixture of the four xyloglucan oligosaccharides: [formula: see text] Exhaustive digestion with the Nasturtium enzyme gave the same four oligosaccharides plus large amounts of higher oligosaccharides and higher-polymeric material. Five of the product oligosaccharides (D, E, F, G, H) were purified and shown to be dimers of oligosaccharides A to C. D (glc8xyl6) had the structure A-->A, H (glc8xyl6 gal4) was C-->C, whereas E (glc8xyl6gal), F (glc8xyl6gal2) and G (glc8xyl6gal3) were mixtures of structural isomers with the appropriate composition. For example, F contained B2-->B2 (30%), A-->C (30%), C-->A (20%), B2-->B1 (15%) and others (about 5%). At moderate concentration (about 3 mM) oligosaccharides D to H were not further hydrolysed by the Nasturtium enzyme, but underwent transglycosylation to give oligosaccharides from the group A, B, C, plus higher oligomeric structures. At lower substrate concentrations, hydrolysis was observed. Similarly, tamarind seed xyloglucan was hydrolysed to a greater extent at lower concentrations. It is concluded that the xyloglucan-specific Nasturtium-seed endo-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucanase has a powerful xyloglucan-xyloglucan endo-transglycosylase activity in addition to its known xyloglucan-specific hydrolytic action. It would be more appropriately classified as a xyloglucan endo-transglycosylase. The action and specificity of the Nasturtium enzyme are discussed in the context of xyloglucan metabolism in the cell walls of seeds and in other plant tissues.
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molecular characterization of a xyloglucan specific endo 1 4 beta d glucanase xyloglucan endo transglycosylase from Nasturtium seeds
Plant Journal, 1993Co-Authors: Jacqueline De Silva, Sumant Chengappa, Carl Dudley Jarman, Arrowsmith David Andrew, Morag S Stronach, Chris Sidebottom, J Grant S ReidAbstract:A novel xyloglucan-specific endo-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucanase, involved in the post-germinative mobilization of xyloglucan storage reserves, has previously been isolated from Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) seed. Its mode of action has been shown, in vitro, to be one of transglycosylation except at low substrate (glycosylacceptor) concentrations when hydrolysis predominates. Here it is shown that this Nasturtium seed xyloglucan endo-transglycosylase is encoded by a single gene which is transcribed and processed to a 1.5 kb mRNA. The isolation and DNA sequence analysis of a cDNA copy of the Nasturtium xyloglucan endo-transglycosylase transcript is described. The cDNA encodes a 33.5 kDa precursor polypeptide which is subsequently processed to a 31 kDa mature protein. The precursor incorporates an N-terminal signal sequence which probably contains information relevant to the targeting of the enzyme to the cell wall. The computer-predicted isoelectric point (5.14) and low (approximately 0%) alpha-helix content of the deduced mature protein are in excellent agreement with the experimental data obtained using the purified enzyme. The deduced protein sequence lacks homology with known plant endo-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucanases, consistent with the unique properties of the enzyme. Database searches have revealed that a Brassica protein (meri-5) of previously unknown function, but abundantly expressed in expanding tissue, shares structural identity with the Nasturtium xyloglucan endo-transglycosylase. The expression of a xyloglucan endo-transglycosylase in expanding tissue would be consistent with the contention that enzymes of this type are involved in cell wall loosening.
Manrique Izaguirre, Kelly Estefania - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Efecto hepatoprotector del extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de Nasturtium officinale w.t. aiton (berro) en ratas albinas inducidas con paracetamol a hepatotoxicidad aguda
Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, 2019Co-Authors: Manrique Izaguirre, Kelly Estefania, Saez Herrera, Karina GloriaAbstract:Diversas plantas como las frutas y hortalizas contienen en su composición fitonutrientes y nutraceúticos importantes para la salud, para prevención y tratamiento de enfermedades, como es el caso del berro. El objetivo central del presente estudio de investigación fue determinar el efecto hepatoprotector del extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (berro) en ratas albinas inducidas con paracetamol a hepatotoxicidad aguda. El estudio fue de tipo experimental, se realizó la marcha fitoquímica al extracto y para el experimento hepatoprotector se empleó 36 ratas albinas divididos en 6 grupos (G) a los cuales se administró por vía oral; G1: Solución salina fisiológica (SSF) 5 mg/kg; G2: SSF 5 mg/kg + Paracetamol 400 mg/kg, G3: Berro 200 mg/kg + Paracetamol; G4: Berro 300 mg/kg + Paracetamol; G5: Berro 500 mg/kg + Paracetamol y G6: Silimarina 100 mg/kg + Paracetamol. El paracetamol fue el agente inductor de toxicidad hepática aguda en la marcha fitoquímica se halló la presencia de alcaloides, flavonoides, compuestos fenólicos, saponinas, antraquinonas, esteroides y/o triterpenoides, el extracto presentó solubilidad en solventes polares como el agua y el etanol. La dosis del extracto de 500 mg/kg fue que presentó mejor efecto hepatoprotector que las otras dosis ensayadas, es decir el efecto fue dosis dependiente y significante (p0.05), el efecto se evidenció por disminución de los niveles de TGO, fosfatasa alcalina, bilirrubina total, proteínas totales y aumento de albúmina. Se concluyó que el extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (berro) mostró tener efecto hepatoprotector en ratas albinas inducidas con paracetamol a hepatotoxicidad aguda.Various plants such as fruits and vegetables contain in their composition phytonutrients and nutraceuticals important for health, for prevention and treatment of diseases, such as watercress. The main objective of this research study was to determine the hepatoprotective effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (watercress) in albino rats induced with paracetamol to acute hepatotoxicity. The study was of an experimental type, the phytochemical march study was carried out on the extract and for the hepatoprotective experiment, 36 albino rats divided into 6 groups (G) were used, which were administered orally; G1: Physiological saline solution (SSF) 5 mg / kg; G2: SSF 5 mg / kg + Paracetamol 400 mg / kg, G3: Watercress 200 mg / kg + Paracetamol; G4: Watercress 300 mg / kg + Paracetamol; G5: Watercress 500 mg / kg + Paracetamol and G6: Silymarin 100 mg / kg + Paracetamol. Paracetamol was the agent that induces acute liver toxicity. Results; in the phytochemical march the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins, anthraquinones, steroids and / or triterpenoids was found, the extract showed solubility in polar solvents such as water and ethanol. The dose of the 500 mg / kg extract showed a better hepatoprotective effect than the other doses tested, that is, the effect was dose-dependent and significant (p 0.05), the effect was evidenced by a decrease in the levels of TGO, TGO, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total proteins and albumin increase. Conclusion, the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (watercress) showed to have hepatoprotective effect in albino rats induced with paracetamol to acute hepatotoxicity
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Efecto hepatoprotector del extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de Nasturtium officinale w.t. aiton (berro) en ratas albinas inducidas con paracetamol a hepatotoxicidad aguda
'Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega', 2019Co-Authors: Manrique Izaguirre, Kelly Estefania, Saez Herrera, Karina GloriaAbstract:Various plants such as fruits and vegetables contain in their composition phytonutrients and nutraceuticals important for health, for prevention and treatment of diseases, such as watercress. The main objective of this research study was to determine the hepatoprotective effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (watercress) in albino rats induced with paracetamol to acute hepatotoxicity. The study was of an experimental type, the phytochemical march study was carried out on the extract and for the hepatoprotective experiment, 36 albino rats divided into 6 groups (G) were used, which were administered orally; G1: Physiological saline solution (SSF) 5 mg / kg; G2: SSF 5 mg / kg + Paracetamol 400 mg / kg, G3: Watercress 200 mg / kg + Paracetamol; G4: Watercress 300 mg / kg + Paracetamol; G5: Watercress 500 mg / kg + Paracetamol and G6: Silymarin 100 mg / kg + Paracetamol. Paracetamol was the agent that induces acute liver toxicity. Results; in the phytochemical march the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins, anthraquinones, steroids and / or triterpenoids was found, the extract showed solubility in polar solvents such as water and ethanol. The dose of the 500 mg / kg extract showed a better hepatoprotective effect than the other doses tested, that is, the effect was dose-dependent and significant (p 0.05), the effect was evidenced by a decrease in the levels of TGO, TGO, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total proteins and albumin increase. Conclusion, the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (watercress) showed to have hepatoprotective effect in albino rats induced with paracetamol to acute hepatotoxicity.TesisDiversas plantas como las frutas y hortalizas contienen en su composición fitonutrientes y nutraceúticos importantes para la salud, para prevención y tratamiento de enfermedades, como es el caso del berro. El objetivo central del presente estudio de investigación fue determinar el efecto hepatoprotector del extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (berro) en ratas albinas inducidas con paracetamol a hepatotoxicidad aguda. El estudio fue de tipo experimental, se realizó la marcha fitoquímica al extracto y para el experimento hepatoprotector se empleó 36 ratas albinas divididos en 6 grupos (G) a los cuales se administró por vía oral; G1: Solución salina fisiológica (SSF) 5 mg/kg; G2: SSF 5 mg/kg + Paracetamol 400 mg/kg, G3: Berro 200 mg/kg + Paracetamol; G4: Berro 300 mg/kg + Paracetamol; G5: Berro 500 mg/kg + Paracetamol y G6: Silimarina 100 mg/kg + Paracetamol. El paracetamol fue el agente inductor de toxicidad hepática aguda en la marcha fitoquímica se halló la presencia de alcaloides, flavonoides, compuestos fenólicos, saponinas, antraquinonas, esteroides y/o triterpenoides, el extracto presentó solubilidad en solventes polares como el agua y el etanol. La dosis del extracto de 500 mg/kg fue que presentó mejor efecto hepatoprotector que las otras dosis ensayadas, es decir el efecto fue dosis dependiente y significante (p0.05), el efecto se evidenció por disminución de los niveles de TGO, fosfatasa alcalina, bilirrubina total, proteínas totales y aumento de albúmina. Se concluyó que el extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton (berro) mostró tener efecto hepatoprotector en ratas albinas inducidas con paracetamol a hepatotoxicidad aguda
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fitorremediacion de aguas residuales domesticas utilizando las especies eichhornia crassipes nymphoides humboldtiana y Nasturtium officinale
Revista de Investigación en Agroproducción Sustentable, 2019Co-Authors: Rosmery Yakelini Ayala Tocto, Edith Calderon Ordonez, Jesus Rascon Barrios, Victor Hugo Gomez Ramirez, Roicer Collazos SilvaAbstract:En la presente investigacion se implemento un sistema de fitorremediacion a escala de laboratorio o piloto con la finalidad de evaluar la eficiencia de remocion de contaminantes de las especies Eichhornia crassipes , Nymphoides humboldtiana y Nasturtium officinale , integrado por cuatro sistemas de tratamiento de flujo discontinuo o tambien llamado por tandas. Este consta de un estanque para cada sistema, el cual simula una laguna pequena con agua estancada. En estos sistemas se cultivaron plantas como el jacinto de agua ( Eichharnia crassipes ), ninfoides sudamericana ( Nymphoides humboldtiana ), berro de agua ( Nasturtium officinale ). El cuarto sistema consistio en un estanque sin planta acuatica al cual se le llamo sistema de control o testigo. El agua residual a tratar se obtuvo de la quebrada de Santa Lucia, donde la poblacion descarga su agua residual. Para determinar la remocion de contaminantes se realizaron evaluaciones cada 15 dias, por cuatro veces, para lo cual se analizaron parametros fisicoquimicos y microbiologicos como: temperatura, pH, turbidez, solidos totales, demanda quimica de oxigeno (DQO), demanda bioquimica de oxigeno (DBO5), coliformes totales y fecales. Los resultados muestran que la calidad del efluente tratado cumple en su mayoria con los limites maximos permisibles establecidos en la legislacion peruana, obteniendose un mayor porcentaje de eficiencia de remocion de contaminantes por la especie Eichhornia crassipes . Sin embargo, en cuanto a remocion de parametros fisicos y microbiologicos los mejores datos los arrojo la especie Nymphoides humboldtiana , y en cuanto a los parametros quimicos con DBO y DQO fue la especie Eichhornia crassipes la que obtuvo una mayor eficiencia para la remocion de materia organica.
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Fitorremediación de aguas residuales domésticas utilizando las especies Eichhornia crassipes, Nymphoides humboldtiana y Nasturtium officinale
Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, 2019Co-Authors: Rosmery Yakelini Ayala Tocto, Edith Calderon Ordonez, Jesus Rascon Barrios, Roicer Collazos SilvaAbstract:En la presente investigación se implementó un sistema de fitorremediación a escala de laboratorio o piloto con la finalidad de evaluar la eficiencia de remoción de contaminantes de las especies Eichhornia crassipes, Nymphoides humboldtiana y Nasturtium officinale, integrado por cuatro sistemas de tratamiento de flujo discontinuo o también llamado por tandas. Este consta de un estanque para cada sistema, el cual simula una laguna pequeña con agua estancada. En estos sistemas se cultivaron plantas como el jacinto de agua (Eichharnia crassipes), ninfoides sudamericana (Nymphoides humboldtiana), berro de agua (Nasturtium officinale). El cuarto sistema consistió en un estanque sin planta acuática al cual se le llamó sistema de control o testigo. El agua residual a tratar se obtuvo de la quebrada de Santa Lucía, donde la población descarga su agua residual. Para determinar la remoción de contaminantes se realizaron evaluaciones cada 15 días, por cuatro veces, para lo cual se analizaron parámetros fisicoquímicos y microbiológicos como: temperatura, pH, turbidez, sólidos totales, demanda química de oxígeno (DQO), demanda bioquímica de oxígeno (DBO5), coliformes totales y fecales. Los resultados muestran que la calidad del efluente tratado cumple en su mayoría con los límites máximos permisibles establecidos en la legislación peruana, obteniéndose un mayor porcentaje de eficiencia de remoción de contaminantes por la especie Eichhornia crassipes. Sin embargo, en cuanto a remoción de parámetros físicos y microbiológicos los mejores datos los arrojó la especie Nymphoides humboldtiana, y en cuanto a los parámetros químicos con DBO y DQO fue la especie Eichhornia crassipes la que obtuvo una mayor eficiencia para la remoción de materia orgánica.
