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Stephanie Goujon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • residential exposure to Natural Background Radiation at birth and risk of childhood acute leukemia in france 1990 2009
    Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2021
    Co-Authors: Justine Berlivet, Denis Hemon, Geraldine Ielsch, Dominique Laurier, Jacqueline Clavel, Enora Clero, Laure Faure, Stephanie Goujon
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background The role of Natural Background Radiation (NBR) in childhood acute leukemia (AL) remains unclear. Several large record based studies have recently reported heterogeneous results. Differences in exposure assessment timing may explain this heterogeneity. Objectives In a previous ecological study we did not observe any association between childhood AL incidence in France and NBR exposure at the time of diagnosis. With the same methodology, the present study focused on NBR exposure at the time of birth. Based on data from the French national registry of childhood cancer, we analyzed all AL together, and lymphoblastic and myeloid AL, separately. Methods We included 6,059 childhood AL cases born and diagnosed in mainland France between 1990 and 2009. NBR levels in municipalities of residence at birth were estimated by cokriging models, using NBR measurements and precise geological data. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) per unit variation of exposure was estimated with Poisson regression models, with adjustment for socio-demographic indicators and ultraviolet Radiation levels. NBR exposures were considered at the time of birth, and cumulatively from birth to diagnosis. We also estimated a total NBR dose to red-bone marrow (RBM). Results There was no evidence for an association between NBR exposure at birth and childhood AL incidence, neither overall (gamma Radiation: IRR = 0.99 (0.94,1.05) per 50 nSv/h; radon: IRR = 0.97 (0.91,1.03) per 100 Bq/m3) nor for the main AL types. The conclusions were similar with the cumulative exposures, and the total RBM dose. Conclusions The study was based on high quality incidence data, large numbers of AL cases, and validated models of NBR exposure assessment. In all, the results further support the hypothesis that NBR are not associated to childhood AL in France.

  • ecological association between residential Natural Background Radiation exposure and the incidence rate of childhood central nervous system tumors in france 2000 2012
    Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2020
    Co-Authors: Denis Hemon, Geraldine Ielsch, Dominique Laurier, Jacqueline Clavel, Justine Berlivet, Enora Clero, Sandra Guissou, Brigitte Lacour, Stephanie Goujon
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background High-dose ionizing Radiation is an established risk factor for childhood central nervous system tumors (CNST) but the role of low doses remains debated. In particular, there are few studies of Natural Background Radiation (NBR, gamma Radiation and radon) and childhood CNST, and their results are inconclusive. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the ecological association between NBR exposure and childhood CNST incidence in France, considering childhood CNST overall and by subgroups. Methods Incidence data were provided by the French national registry of childhood cancers, which has high completeness. We included 5471 childhood CNST cases registered over the period 2000-2012, and their municipality of residence at diagnosis was recorded. Municipality NBR exposures were estimated by cokriging models, using NBR measurements and additional geographic data. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) per unit variation of exposure was estimated with Poisson regression models. NBR exposures were considered at the time of diagnosis, and cumulatively from birth to diagnosis. In an exploratory analysis, the total brain dose due to NBR was used. Results Overall, there was no association between NBR exposure and childhood CNST incidence (IRR = 1.03 (0.98,1.09) per 50 nSv/h for gamma Radiation, and IRR = 1.02 (0,96,1.07) per 100 Bq/m3 for radon). An association was suggested between pilocytic astrocytomas and gamma Radiation (IRR = 1.12 (1.00,1.24) per 50 nSv/h) but not with radon (IRR = 1.07 (0.95,1.20) per 100 Bq/m3). Upward trends for this CNST subtype were also suggested with the cumulative exposures to gamma Radiation and the total brain dose. NBR exposure was not associated with other CNST subgroups (ependymomas, embryonal tumors, and gliomas other than pilocytic astrocytomas). Adjustment for socio-demographic factors did not change the findings. Conclusions Our study was based on high quality incidence data, large numbers of CNST cases, and validated models of NBR exposure assessment. Results suggest an association between gamma Radiation, as a component of NBR, and pilocytic astrocytomas incidence in France.

  • residential exposure to Natural Background Radiation and risk of childhood acute leukemia in france 1990 2009
    Environmental Health Perspectives, 2016
    Co-Authors: Claire Demoury, Geraldine Ielsch, Christophe Debayle, Olivier Laurent, Jerome Guillevic, Laure Faure, Stephanie Goujon, Fabienne Marquant, Astrid Coste, Dominique Laurier
    Abstract:

    Background:Exposures to high-dose ionizing Radiation and high-dose rate ionizing Radiation are established risk factors for childhood acute leukemia (AL). The risk of AL following exposure to lower...

Mark P Little - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a review of studies of childhood cancer and Natural Background Radiation
    International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2021
    Co-Authors: G M Kendall, Mark P Little, Richard Wakeford
    Abstract:

    The projected existence and magnitude of carcinogenic effects of ionizing Radiation at low doses and low-dose rates is perhaps the most important issue in Radiation protection today. Studies of chi...

  • report of a record based case control study of Natural Background Radiation and incidence of childhood cancer in great britain
    ISEE Conference Abstracts, 2013
    Co-Authors: G M Kendall, Mark P Little, Richard Wakeford, K J Bunch, T J Vincent, Jill R Meara, Miles Jchm, Murphy Mfg
    Abstract:

    Background Although there is abundant evidence that moderate and high doses of Radiation can cause leukaemia and other cancers, there is little direct evidence on the leukaemogenic (or other carcin...

  • a record based case control study of Natural Background Radiation and the incidence of childhood leukaemia and other cancers in great britain during 1980 2006
    Leukemia, 2013
    Co-Authors: G M Kendall, Mark P Little, Richard Wakeford, K J Bunch, Jon Ch Miles, T J Vincent, Jill R Meara, Michael F G Murphy
    Abstract:

    A record-based case–control study of Natural Background Radiation and the incidence of childhood leukaemia and other cancers in Great Britain during 1980–2006

  • the statistical power of epidemiological studies analyzing the relationship between exposure to ionizing Radiation and cancer with special reference to childhood leukemia and Natural Background Radiation
    Radiation Research, 2010
    Co-Authors: Mark P Little, Richard Wakeford, Jay H Lubin, G M Kendall
    Abstract:

    The etiology of childhood leukemia remains generally unknown, although risk models based on the Japanese A-bomb survivors imply that the dose accumulated from protracted exposure to low-level Natural Background ionizing Radiation materially raises the risk of leukemia in children. In this paper a novel Monte Carlo score-test methodology is used to assess the statistical power of cohort, ecological and case-control study designs, using the linear low-dose part of the BEIR V model derived from the Japanese data. With 10 (or 20) years of follow-up of childhood leukemias in Great Britain, giving about 4600 (or 9200) cases, under an individual-based cohort design there is 67.9% (or 90.9%) chance of detecting an excess (at 5% significance level, one-sided test); little difference is made by extreme heterogeneity in risk. For an ecological design these figures reduce to 57.9% (or 83.2%). Case-control studies with five controls per case achieve much of the power of a cohort design, 61.1% (or 86.0%). However, participation bias may seriously affect studies that require individual consent, and area-based studies are subject to severe interpretational problems. For this reason register-based studies, in particular those that make use of predicted doses that avoid the need for interviews, have considerable advantages. We argue that previous studies have been underpowered (all have power <80%), and some are also subject to unquantifiable biases and confounding. Sufficiently large studies should be capable of detecting the predicted risk attributable to Natural Background Radiation.

  • updated estimates of the proportion of childhood leukaemia incidence in great britain that may be caused by Natural Background ionising Radiation
    Journal of Radiological Protection, 2009
    Co-Authors: Mark P Little, Richard Wakeford, G M Kendall
    Abstract:

    The aetiology of childhood leukaemia remains generally unknown, although exposure to moderate and high levels of ionising Radiation, such as was experienced during the atomic bombings of Japan or from radiotherapy, is an established cause. Risk models based primarily upon studies of the Japanese A-bomb survivors imply that low-level exposure to ionising Radiation, including to ubiquitous Natural Background Radiation, also raises the risk of childhood leukaemia. In a recent paper (Wakeford et al 2009 Leukaemia 23 770-6) we estimated the proportion of childhood leukaemia incidence in Great Britain attributable to Natural Background Radiation to be about 20%. In this paper we employ the two sets of published leukaemia risk models used previously, but use recently published revised estimates of Natural Background Radiation doses received by the red bone marrow of British children to update the previous results. Using the newer dosimetry we calculate that the best estimate of the proportion of cases of childhood leukaemia in Great Britain predicted to be attributable to this source of exposure is 15-20%, although the uncertainty associated with certain stages in the calculation (e.g. the nature of the transfer of risk between populations and the pertinent dose received from Naturally occurring alpha-particle-emitting radionuclides) is significant. The slightly lower attributable proportions compared with those previously derived by Wakeford et al (Leukaemia 2009 23 770-6) are largely due to the lower doses (and in particular lower high LET doses) for the first year of life.

Dominique Laurier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • residential exposure to Natural Background Radiation at birth and risk of childhood acute leukemia in france 1990 2009
    Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2021
    Co-Authors: Justine Berlivet, Denis Hemon, Geraldine Ielsch, Dominique Laurier, Jacqueline Clavel, Enora Clero, Laure Faure, Stephanie Goujon
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background The role of Natural Background Radiation (NBR) in childhood acute leukemia (AL) remains unclear. Several large record based studies have recently reported heterogeneous results. Differences in exposure assessment timing may explain this heterogeneity. Objectives In a previous ecological study we did not observe any association between childhood AL incidence in France and NBR exposure at the time of diagnosis. With the same methodology, the present study focused on NBR exposure at the time of birth. Based on data from the French national registry of childhood cancer, we analyzed all AL together, and lymphoblastic and myeloid AL, separately. Methods We included 6,059 childhood AL cases born and diagnosed in mainland France between 1990 and 2009. NBR levels in municipalities of residence at birth were estimated by cokriging models, using NBR measurements and precise geological data. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) per unit variation of exposure was estimated with Poisson regression models, with adjustment for socio-demographic indicators and ultraviolet Radiation levels. NBR exposures were considered at the time of birth, and cumulatively from birth to diagnosis. We also estimated a total NBR dose to red-bone marrow (RBM). Results There was no evidence for an association between NBR exposure at birth and childhood AL incidence, neither overall (gamma Radiation: IRR = 0.99 (0.94,1.05) per 50 nSv/h; radon: IRR = 0.97 (0.91,1.03) per 100 Bq/m3) nor for the main AL types. The conclusions were similar with the cumulative exposures, and the total RBM dose. Conclusions The study was based on high quality incidence data, large numbers of AL cases, and validated models of NBR exposure assessment. In all, the results further support the hypothesis that NBR are not associated to childhood AL in France.

  • ecological association between residential Natural Background Radiation exposure and the incidence rate of childhood central nervous system tumors in france 2000 2012
    Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2020
    Co-Authors: Denis Hemon, Geraldine Ielsch, Dominique Laurier, Jacqueline Clavel, Justine Berlivet, Enora Clero, Sandra Guissou, Brigitte Lacour, Stephanie Goujon
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background High-dose ionizing Radiation is an established risk factor for childhood central nervous system tumors (CNST) but the role of low doses remains debated. In particular, there are few studies of Natural Background Radiation (NBR, gamma Radiation and radon) and childhood CNST, and their results are inconclusive. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the ecological association between NBR exposure and childhood CNST incidence in France, considering childhood CNST overall and by subgroups. Methods Incidence data were provided by the French national registry of childhood cancers, which has high completeness. We included 5471 childhood CNST cases registered over the period 2000-2012, and their municipality of residence at diagnosis was recorded. Municipality NBR exposures were estimated by cokriging models, using NBR measurements and additional geographic data. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) per unit variation of exposure was estimated with Poisson regression models. NBR exposures were considered at the time of diagnosis, and cumulatively from birth to diagnosis. In an exploratory analysis, the total brain dose due to NBR was used. Results Overall, there was no association between NBR exposure and childhood CNST incidence (IRR = 1.03 (0.98,1.09) per 50 nSv/h for gamma Radiation, and IRR = 1.02 (0,96,1.07) per 100 Bq/m3 for radon). An association was suggested between pilocytic astrocytomas and gamma Radiation (IRR = 1.12 (1.00,1.24) per 50 nSv/h) but not with radon (IRR = 1.07 (0.95,1.20) per 100 Bq/m3). Upward trends for this CNST subtype were also suggested with the cumulative exposures to gamma Radiation and the total brain dose. NBR exposure was not associated with other CNST subgroups (ependymomas, embryonal tumors, and gliomas other than pilocytic astrocytomas). Adjustment for socio-demographic factors did not change the findings. Conclusions Our study was based on high quality incidence data, large numbers of CNST cases, and validated models of NBR exposure assessment. Results suggest an association between gamma Radiation, as a component of NBR, and pilocytic astrocytomas incidence in France.

  • residential exposure to Natural Background Radiation and risk of childhood acute leukemia in france 1990 2009
    Environmental Health Perspectives, 2016
    Co-Authors: Claire Demoury, Geraldine Ielsch, Christophe Debayle, Olivier Laurent, Jerome Guillevic, Laure Faure, Stephanie Goujon, Fabienne Marquant, Astrid Coste, Dominique Laurier
    Abstract:

    Background:Exposures to high-dose ionizing Radiation and high-dose rate ionizing Radiation are established risk factors for childhood acute leukemia (AL). The risk of AL following exposure to lower...

  • exposure to Natural Background Radiation and association with childhood leukemia incidence in france 1990 2009
    ISEE Conference Abstracts, 2014
    Co-Authors: Claire Demoury, Denis Hemon, Geraldine Ielsch, Christophe Debayle, Olivier Laurent, Jerome Guillevic, Dominique Laurier, Jacqueline Clavel
    Abstract:

    Introduction A small number of large scale observational studies have reported on the association between childhood acute leukemia (CL) and exposure to Natural Background Radiation (NBR). The objec...

Justine Berlivet - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • residential exposure to Natural Background Radiation at birth and risk of childhood acute leukemia in france 1990 2009
    Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2021
    Co-Authors: Justine Berlivet, Denis Hemon, Geraldine Ielsch, Dominique Laurier, Jacqueline Clavel, Enora Clero, Laure Faure, Stephanie Goujon
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background The role of Natural Background Radiation (NBR) in childhood acute leukemia (AL) remains unclear. Several large record based studies have recently reported heterogeneous results. Differences in exposure assessment timing may explain this heterogeneity. Objectives In a previous ecological study we did not observe any association between childhood AL incidence in France and NBR exposure at the time of diagnosis. With the same methodology, the present study focused on NBR exposure at the time of birth. Based on data from the French national registry of childhood cancer, we analyzed all AL together, and lymphoblastic and myeloid AL, separately. Methods We included 6,059 childhood AL cases born and diagnosed in mainland France between 1990 and 2009. NBR levels in municipalities of residence at birth were estimated by cokriging models, using NBR measurements and precise geological data. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) per unit variation of exposure was estimated with Poisson regression models, with adjustment for socio-demographic indicators and ultraviolet Radiation levels. NBR exposures were considered at the time of birth, and cumulatively from birth to diagnosis. We also estimated a total NBR dose to red-bone marrow (RBM). Results There was no evidence for an association between NBR exposure at birth and childhood AL incidence, neither overall (gamma Radiation: IRR = 0.99 (0.94,1.05) per 50 nSv/h; radon: IRR = 0.97 (0.91,1.03) per 100 Bq/m3) nor for the main AL types. The conclusions were similar with the cumulative exposures, and the total RBM dose. Conclusions The study was based on high quality incidence data, large numbers of AL cases, and validated models of NBR exposure assessment. In all, the results further support the hypothesis that NBR are not associated to childhood AL in France.

  • ecological association between residential Natural Background Radiation exposure and the incidence rate of childhood central nervous system tumors in france 2000 2012
    Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2020
    Co-Authors: Denis Hemon, Geraldine Ielsch, Dominique Laurier, Jacqueline Clavel, Justine Berlivet, Enora Clero, Sandra Guissou, Brigitte Lacour, Stephanie Goujon
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background High-dose ionizing Radiation is an established risk factor for childhood central nervous system tumors (CNST) but the role of low doses remains debated. In particular, there are few studies of Natural Background Radiation (NBR, gamma Radiation and radon) and childhood CNST, and their results are inconclusive. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the ecological association between NBR exposure and childhood CNST incidence in France, considering childhood CNST overall and by subgroups. Methods Incidence data were provided by the French national registry of childhood cancers, which has high completeness. We included 5471 childhood CNST cases registered over the period 2000-2012, and their municipality of residence at diagnosis was recorded. Municipality NBR exposures were estimated by cokriging models, using NBR measurements and additional geographic data. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) per unit variation of exposure was estimated with Poisson regression models. NBR exposures were considered at the time of diagnosis, and cumulatively from birth to diagnosis. In an exploratory analysis, the total brain dose due to NBR was used. Results Overall, there was no association between NBR exposure and childhood CNST incidence (IRR = 1.03 (0.98,1.09) per 50 nSv/h for gamma Radiation, and IRR = 1.02 (0,96,1.07) per 100 Bq/m3 for radon). An association was suggested between pilocytic astrocytomas and gamma Radiation (IRR = 1.12 (1.00,1.24) per 50 nSv/h) but not with radon (IRR = 1.07 (0.95,1.20) per 100 Bq/m3). Upward trends for this CNST subtype were also suggested with the cumulative exposures to gamma Radiation and the total brain dose. NBR exposure was not associated with other CNST subgroups (ependymomas, embryonal tumors, and gliomas other than pilocytic astrocytomas). Adjustment for socio-demographic factors did not change the findings. Conclusions Our study was based on high quality incidence data, large numbers of CNST cases, and validated models of NBR exposure assessment. Results suggest an association between gamma Radiation, as a component of NBR, and pilocytic astrocytomas incidence in France.

G M Kendall - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a review of studies of childhood cancer and Natural Background Radiation
    International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2021
    Co-Authors: G M Kendall, Mark P Little, Richard Wakeford
    Abstract:

    The projected existence and magnitude of carcinogenic effects of ionizing Radiation at low doses and low-dose rates is perhaps the most important issue in Radiation protection today. Studies of chi...

  • A review of studies of childhood cancer and Natural Background Radiation
    Taylor and Francis, 2021
    Co-Authors: G M Kendall, Wakeford R, Mp Little
    Abstract:

    Purpose The projected existence and magnitude of carcinogenic effects of ionizing Radiation at low doses and low-dose rates is perhaps the most important issue in Radiation protection today. Studies of childhood cancer and Natural Background Radiation have the potential to throw direct light on this question, into a dose range below a few tens of mSv. This paper describes the studies that have been undertaken and their context, discusses some problems that arise and summarizes the present position. Conclusions Many such studies have been undertaken, but most were too small to have a realistic chance of detecting the small effects expected from such low doses, based on risk projections from higher exposures. Case–control or cohort studies are to be preferred methodologically to ecological studies but can be prone to problems of registration/participation bias. Interview-based studies of the requisite size would be prohibitively expensive and would undoubtedly also run into problems of participation bias. Register-based studies can be very large and are free of participation bias. However, they need to estimate the Radiation exposure of study subjects using models rather than individual measurements in the homes of those concerned. At present, no firm conclusions can be drawn from the studies that have been published to date. Further data and perhaps pooled studies offer a way forward

  • report of a record based case control study of Natural Background Radiation and incidence of childhood cancer in great britain
    ISEE Conference Abstracts, 2013
    Co-Authors: G M Kendall, Mark P Little, Richard Wakeford, K J Bunch, T J Vincent, Jill R Meara, Miles Jchm, Murphy Mfg
    Abstract:

    Background Although there is abundant evidence that moderate and high doses of Radiation can cause leukaemia and other cancers, there is little direct evidence on the leukaemogenic (or other carcin...

  • a record based case control study of Natural Background Radiation and the incidence of childhood leukaemia and other cancers in great britain during 1980 2006
    Leukemia, 2013
    Co-Authors: G M Kendall, Mark P Little, Richard Wakeford, K J Bunch, Jon Ch Miles, T J Vincent, Jill R Meara, Michael F G Murphy
    Abstract:

    A record-based case–control study of Natural Background Radiation and the incidence of childhood leukaemia and other cancers in Great Britain during 1980–2006

  • the statistical power of epidemiological studies analyzing the relationship between exposure to ionizing Radiation and cancer with special reference to childhood leukemia and Natural Background Radiation
    Radiation Research, 2010
    Co-Authors: Mark P Little, Richard Wakeford, Jay H Lubin, G M Kendall
    Abstract:

    The etiology of childhood leukemia remains generally unknown, although risk models based on the Japanese A-bomb survivors imply that the dose accumulated from protracted exposure to low-level Natural Background ionizing Radiation materially raises the risk of leukemia in children. In this paper a novel Monte Carlo score-test methodology is used to assess the statistical power of cohort, ecological and case-control study designs, using the linear low-dose part of the BEIR V model derived from the Japanese data. With 10 (or 20) years of follow-up of childhood leukemias in Great Britain, giving about 4600 (or 9200) cases, under an individual-based cohort design there is 67.9% (or 90.9%) chance of detecting an excess (at 5% significance level, one-sided test); little difference is made by extreme heterogeneity in risk. For an ecological design these figures reduce to 57.9% (or 83.2%). Case-control studies with five controls per case achieve much of the power of a cohort design, 61.1% (or 86.0%). However, participation bias may seriously affect studies that require individual consent, and area-based studies are subject to severe interpretational problems. For this reason register-based studies, in particular those that make use of predicted doses that avoid the need for interviews, have considerable advantages. We argue that previous studies have been underpowered (all have power <80%), and some are also subject to unquantifiable biases and confounding. Sufficiently large studies should be capable of detecting the predicted risk attributable to Natural Background Radiation.