The Experts below are selected from a list of 274296 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Manfred Horn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Natural Gas vehicles an option for europe
Energy Policy, 2010Co-Authors: Hella Engerer, Manfred HornAbstract:In Europe Natural Gas vehicles play a minor role. A decisive reason for this is the dependence of most European countries from Gas imports. Except for Italy, there is no tradition to use Natural Gas as fuel. In addition, there is a lack of infrastructure (e.g. fuelling stations). In contrast to Europe, in Latin American and Asian countries Natural Gas vehicles are widespread. Some countries foster Natural Gas vehicles because they have own Gas resources. Many countries must reduce the high air pollution in big cities. Environmental reasons are the main motive for the use of Natural Gas vehicles in Europe. In last years, high oil prices stimulated the use of Natural Gas as fuel. European governments have developed incentives (e.g. tax reductions) to foster Natural Gas vehicles. However, the focus is on hybrid technology and the electric car, which, however, need further technical improvement. In contrast, the use of Natural Gas in conventional engines is technically mature. Additional Gas imports can be avoided by further improvements of energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy. In sum, the market penetration of Natural Gas as fuel should be promoted in Europe.
Stephen P. A. Brown - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Natural Gas vs. oil in U.S. transportation: Will prices confer an advantage to Natural Gas?
Energy Policy, 2017Co-Authors: Stephen P. A. BrownAbstract:Abstract The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) projects that U.S. Natural Gas prices will provide a substantial cost advantage over petroleum products as a transportation fuel during the next 30+ years. Although U.S. Natural Gas prices closely tracked those of world oil prices from the mid-1990s to early 2009, U.S. Natural Gas prices have been much lower relative to those for oil since early 2009. The break owes to technological change that substantially increased the supply of U.S. shale Gas resources. Although recent weakness in world oil prices has restored at least some temporary comparability between U.S. Natural Gas prices and those for petroleum products, EIA projects U.S. Natural Gas prices will rise more slowly as world oil prices recover. Relatively weaker gains in U.S. Natural Gas prices would support the substitution of Natural Gas for other fuels—such as petroleum products in transportation—whether such substitution is driven by business or policy decisions. Will U.S. Natural Gas prices be sustainably lower relative to those for petroleum products so as to support the increased use of Natural Gas in the transportation sector? An interpretative review of current market developments and recent research finds the answer is yes.
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What Drives Natural Gas Prices
The Energy Journal, 2008Co-Authors: Stephen P. A. Brown, Mine K. YücelAbstract:For many years, fuel switching between Natural Gas and residual fuel oil kept Natural Gas prices closely aligned with those for crude oil. More recently, however, the number of U.S. facilities able to switch between Natural Gas and residual fuel oil has declined, and over the past seven years, U.S. Natural Gas prices have been on an upward trend with crude oil prices but with considerable independent movement. Natural Gas market analysts generally emphasize weather and inventories as drivers of Natural Gas prices. Using an error-correction model, we show that when these and other additional factors are taken into account, movements in crude oil prices have a prominent role in shaping Natural Gas prices. Our findings imply a continuum of prices at which Natural Gas and petroleum products are substitutes.
M Gurevich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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adsorbent storage of Natural Gas
Applied Energy, 1996Co-Authors: J Wegrzyn, M GurevichAbstract:The Natural-Gas vehicle represents a cost-competitive, lower-emission alternative to the Gasoline-fueled vehicle. The immediate challenge that confronts the Natural-Gas vehicle is extension of its driving range. This paper addresses the question of driving range by reviewing the storage technologies for Natural Gas. Technical comparisons are made between storage systems for adsorbent, liquefied and compressed Natural Gas, and estimates are made of the costs associated with refueling with compressed and adsorbent Natural Gas. We discuss carbon adsorbents, vehicle emissions, designs of storage tanks, cost and safety. For storage-tank system design, we advance the concept that carbon adsorbents, when used with conformable-shaped tanks offer a means of increasing onboard fuel storage and, thereby, the driving range of the vehicle. The cost envelope being assigned to this technology is US$2000 or less per vehicle for 10 gallon Gasoline-equivalent storage. For adsorbent Natural-Gas (ANG), this cost is based on 200 lbs of adsorbent at a purchase price of US$5 lb-1, a US$600 conformable tank and US$400 for miscellaneous hardware. Because the volumetric storage density of ANG is similar to that of compressed Natural-Gas (CNG), the benefit of the former is its lower operating pressure. Lower pressures have the advantages of small refueling costs, the availability of conformable tanks and safety. Our suggested solution to the driving-range problem of a Natural-Gas vehicle is the use of improved adsorbents in a low pressure (500 psi) conformable-shaped storage tank.
Hella Engerer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Natural Gas vehicles an option for europe
Energy Policy, 2010Co-Authors: Hella Engerer, Manfred HornAbstract:In Europe Natural Gas vehicles play a minor role. A decisive reason for this is the dependence of most European countries from Gas imports. Except for Italy, there is no tradition to use Natural Gas as fuel. In addition, there is a lack of infrastructure (e.g. fuelling stations). In contrast to Europe, in Latin American and Asian countries Natural Gas vehicles are widespread. Some countries foster Natural Gas vehicles because they have own Gas resources. Many countries must reduce the high air pollution in big cities. Environmental reasons are the main motive for the use of Natural Gas vehicles in Europe. In last years, high oil prices stimulated the use of Natural Gas as fuel. European governments have developed incentives (e.g. tax reductions) to foster Natural Gas vehicles. However, the focus is on hybrid technology and the electric car, which, however, need further technical improvement. In contrast, the use of Natural Gas in conventional engines is technically mature. Additional Gas imports can be avoided by further improvements of energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy. In sum, the market penetration of Natural Gas as fuel should be promoted in Europe.
Bilge Hacisalihoglu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Turkey's Natural Gas policy
Energy Policy, 2008Co-Authors: Bilge HacisalihogluAbstract:This article deals with Natural Gas policy of Turkey. Natural Gas became important in the 1980s. In recent years, Natural Gas consumption has become the fastest growing primary energy source in Turkey. Natural Gas becomes an increasingly central component of energy consumption in Turkey. Current Gas production in Turkey meets 3% of the domestic consumption requirements. Natural Gas consumption levels in Turkey have witnessed a dramatic increase, from 4.25Â Bcm (billion cubic meters) in 1991 to 21.19Â Bcm in 2003. Turkish Natural Gas is projected to increase dramatically in coming years, with the prime consumers expected to be industry and power plants. Turkey has chosen Natural Gas as the preferred fuel for the massive amount of new power plant capacity to be added in coming years. Turkey has supplied main Natural Gas need from Russian Federation; however, Turkmen and Iranian Gas represent economically sound alternatives. Turkey is in a strategically advantageous position in terms of its Natural Gas market. It can import Gas from a number of countries and diversify its sources. Turkey's motivation for restructuring its Natural Gas ownership and markets stems from its desire to fulfill EU accession prerequisites in the energy sector.
