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Paulo Salinas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Navicular Syndrome-related changes to collagen proportion of different cross-sections of the flexor tendons in equine distal forelimb.
Research in veterinary science, 2021Co-Authors: Paulo Salinas, Diego Lira-velásquez, Anthony Bongiorno, Carlos SandovalAbstract:Abstract The aim of this study was to quantify the distribution of aligned and non-aligned collagen in cross-sections of the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) and deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) in different levels of the distal forelimb of equines diagnosed with NS (Navicular Syndrome). Sixty equine forelimbs were collected. Was compared two groups (NA, Not affected vs. NS-group) by t-Student. Diagnosis of NS was based on clinical and lameness examination, diagnostic analgesia and radiological findings. The proportion of aligned and non-aligned collagens at 2 levels for the SDFT and 3 levels for the DDFT were measured by histochemical stains. The amount of aligned and non-aligned collagen in tendons were calculated using Colour-Based Segmentation function. Regarding collagen, there were significant differences in the amount of aligned collagen (NA: 21.2 ± 1.31; NS-group: 12.2 ± 4.67; p = 0.0026) and non-aligned collagen (NA: 21.8 ± 2.22; NS: 25.1 ± 1.73; p = 0.0241) at the DDFT insertion in the distal phalanx. We concluded that the flexor tendons of the forelimb in equines with NS have different proportions of collagen than those that do not present the diagnosis, indicated by histologically visible increased proportions of non-aligned collagen and decreased of aligned collagen in the extracellular matrix.
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Características Planimétricas y Estereológicas de los Nervios Palmar Lateral y Medial en Manos de Equinos con y sin Síndrome Navicular Planimetric and Stereological Characteristics of Lateral and Medial Palmar Nerves in Hands of Equine with and witho
2015Co-Authors: Paulo Salinas, Saúl Figueroa, Rodrigo Bañados, Francisco Rivas, Carlos SandovalAbstract:SALINAS, P.; RIVAS, F.; FIGUEROA, S.; BANADOS, R. & SANDOVAL, C. Caracteristicas planimetricas y estereologicas de losnervios palmar lateral y medial en manos de equinos con y sin sindrome Navicular. Int. J. Morphol., 33(4):1441-1447, 2015.RESUMEN: El Sindrome Navicular (SN) es una de las patologias claudicogenas mas frecuentes en la practica clinica equina. Seha descrito, cierta susceptibilidad individual respecto a esta presentacion clinica, es decir, algunos equinos con SN claudican y otros, consimilares hallazgos radiograficos en mano no lo hacen sugiriendo que existen diferencias cuantitativas, entre equinos con y sin SN, en lascaracteristicas de las fibras nerviosas de los nervios perifericos que inervan la mano. El objetivo del estudio fue describir l as caracteris-ticas morfologicas cuantitativas de los nervios palmar lateral y medial en equinos con SN. Se obtuvo manos mediante un muestreodirigido y diagnosticadas por inspeccion visual y evaluacion radiografica. Se conformo dos grupos: “No afectadas” (n= 6) y “Sin dromeNavicular” (n= 8). Para determinar diferencias cuantitativos entre ambos grupos se realizo: i) Estudio 1, evaluo las caracteristicasmorfologicas, planimetricas y estereologicas de los nervios palmar lateral y medial, ii) Estudio 2: evaluo la cantidad de axone s mielinizadosy no mielinizados. En ambos estudios, el analisis de los datos morfologicos, estereologicos y planimetricos, en general, no detectodiferencias significativas entre grupos. En conclusion, los resultados obtenidos en el estudio no entregan evidencia morfologic a respectoa diferencias entre nervios palmares entre equinos con y sin SN.PALABRAS CLAVE: Equino; Sindrome Navicular; Estereologia; Planimetria; Morfologia; Nervio palmar lateral; Ner-vio palmar medial.
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Morfometría, Planimetría y Estereología en el Hueso Sesamoídeo Distal en Manos de Equinos con y sin Síndrome Navicular Morphometry, Planimetry and Stereology in the Distal Sesamoid Bone in Equine Foot with and without Navicular Syndrome
2014Co-Authors: Paulo Salinas, Saúl Figueroa, Carlos Carrasco, Rodrigo BañadosAbstract:SUMMARY: Navicular Syndrome (NS) is a chronic, degenerative and progressive bilateral claudication pathology,compromising the distal sesamoid bone (DSB), the podotrochlear bursa, ligaments and adjacent surfaces of the tendon ofthe deep digital flexor muscle of equine foot. The hypothesis that morphological characteristics of HSB in hand of horsesvary in those with SN was evaluated in this study. A study was carried out to determine the morphological changes in theDSB in 22 left foot of horses with NS. We realized morphometrical, planimetrical and stereological studies in two groupsof horses feet: Not Affected (n=11) and Navicular Syndrome (n=11). The following variables were quantified: weight,volume, linear measurements, area and stereological parameters: densities of number (N A ), volume (V V ) and surface (S V ).Results indicate that although there is a pathological and inflammatory process in the region of DSB which induces mesoscopicand microscopic changes attributable to SN, their gross morphological features were not modified.KEY WORDS: Equine; Navicular Syndrome; Distal sesamoid bone; Morphometry; Planimetry; Stereology.
Carlos Sandoval - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Navicular Syndrome-related changes to collagen proportion of different cross-sections of the flexor tendons in equine distal forelimb.
Research in veterinary science, 2021Co-Authors: Paulo Salinas, Diego Lira-velásquez, Anthony Bongiorno, Carlos SandovalAbstract:Abstract The aim of this study was to quantify the distribution of aligned and non-aligned collagen in cross-sections of the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) and deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) in different levels of the distal forelimb of equines diagnosed with NS (Navicular Syndrome). Sixty equine forelimbs were collected. Was compared two groups (NA, Not affected vs. NS-group) by t-Student. Diagnosis of NS was based on clinical and lameness examination, diagnostic analgesia and radiological findings. The proportion of aligned and non-aligned collagens at 2 levels for the SDFT and 3 levels for the DDFT were measured by histochemical stains. The amount of aligned and non-aligned collagen in tendons were calculated using Colour-Based Segmentation function. Regarding collagen, there were significant differences in the amount of aligned collagen (NA: 21.2 ± 1.31; NS-group: 12.2 ± 4.67; p = 0.0026) and non-aligned collagen (NA: 21.8 ± 2.22; NS: 25.1 ± 1.73; p = 0.0241) at the DDFT insertion in the distal phalanx. We concluded that the flexor tendons of the forelimb in equines with NS have different proportions of collagen than those that do not present the diagnosis, indicated by histologically visible increased proportions of non-aligned collagen and decreased of aligned collagen in the extracellular matrix.
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Características Planimétricas y Estereológicas de los Nervios Palmar Lateral y Medial en Manos de Equinos con y sin Síndrome Navicular Planimetric and Stereological Characteristics of Lateral and Medial Palmar Nerves in Hands of Equine with and witho
2015Co-Authors: Paulo Salinas, Saúl Figueroa, Rodrigo Bañados, Francisco Rivas, Carlos SandovalAbstract:SALINAS, P.; RIVAS, F.; FIGUEROA, S.; BANADOS, R. & SANDOVAL, C. Caracteristicas planimetricas y estereologicas de losnervios palmar lateral y medial en manos de equinos con y sin sindrome Navicular. Int. J. Morphol., 33(4):1441-1447, 2015.RESUMEN: El Sindrome Navicular (SN) es una de las patologias claudicogenas mas frecuentes en la practica clinica equina. Seha descrito, cierta susceptibilidad individual respecto a esta presentacion clinica, es decir, algunos equinos con SN claudican y otros, consimilares hallazgos radiograficos en mano no lo hacen sugiriendo que existen diferencias cuantitativas, entre equinos con y sin SN, en lascaracteristicas de las fibras nerviosas de los nervios perifericos que inervan la mano. El objetivo del estudio fue describir l as caracteris-ticas morfologicas cuantitativas de los nervios palmar lateral y medial en equinos con SN. Se obtuvo manos mediante un muestreodirigido y diagnosticadas por inspeccion visual y evaluacion radiografica. Se conformo dos grupos: “No afectadas” (n= 6) y “Sin dromeNavicular” (n= 8). Para determinar diferencias cuantitativos entre ambos grupos se realizo: i) Estudio 1, evaluo las caracteristicasmorfologicas, planimetricas y estereologicas de los nervios palmar lateral y medial, ii) Estudio 2: evaluo la cantidad de axone s mielinizadosy no mielinizados. En ambos estudios, el analisis de los datos morfologicos, estereologicos y planimetricos, en general, no detectodiferencias significativas entre grupos. En conclusion, los resultados obtenidos en el estudio no entregan evidencia morfologic a respectoa diferencias entre nervios palmares entre equinos con y sin SN.PALABRAS CLAVE: Equino; Sindrome Navicular; Estereologia; Planimetria; Morfologia; Nervio palmar lateral; Ner-vio palmar medial.
S Longhofer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Multi‐Centre Field Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Clodronic Acid for Navicular Syndrome
Equine Veterinary Journal, 2014Co-Authors: M Frevel, B L King, D S Kolb, R P Boswell, R S Shoemaker, J Janicek, M Poole, R C Cole, S LonghoferAbstract:Reasons for performing study Clodronic acid (CA) is a bisphosphonate which inhibits bone resorption through inhibition of formation/dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals and by direct cellular effects on osteoclasts. The study was conducted to assess the short- and long-term effectiveness of CA for the control of lameness associated with Navicular Syndrome. Objectives To demonstrate the effectiveness of CA in Navicular Syndrome. Study design Randomised, multi-centre, double-masked, placebo controlled field trial in client-owned horses. Methods Horses with unilateral or bilateral forelimb lameness (AAEP lameness scale grade ≥2); positive anaesthesia of the distal palmar digital nerve(s); radiographic evidence of Navicular Syndrome and the absence of other causes of lameness were eligible for enrolment. Horses were randomised to treatment groups in a 3:1 ratio of CA to saline control. Treatment was administered once via intramuscular injection at 1.2 mg/kg bwt (maximum 765 mg CA or 15 ml saline). Efficacy was assessed by comparing lameness grades before and after treatment. Results 146 horses of various breeds were enrolled at 6 sites in Germany and US. At 8 weeks, horses in the CA group had a significantly higher success rate than horses in the control group (least squares mean 74.72% vs. 3.30%; P = 0.0028). Efficacy was sustained through 180 days in 66% of horses. Adverse events were few and considered to be mild and transient. Conclusions Clodronic acid was safe and effective in Navicular Syndrome. Ethical animal research: Owners gave informed consent for their horses’ inclusion in the study. Sources of funding: Dechra Ltd. Competing interests: The late Dr Frevel was a consultant to Omnimedic GbR, which has applied for a patent for the use of clodronic acid for Navicular Syndrome. Dr Poole is employed by Dechra.
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multi centre field trial to evaluate the effectiveness of clodronic acid for Navicular Syndrome
Equine Veterinary Journal, 2014Co-Authors: M Frevel, B L King, D S Kolb, R P Boswell, R S Shoemaker, J Janicek, R Cole, M Poole, S LonghoferAbstract:Reasons for performing study Clodronic acid (CA) is a bisphosphonate which inhibits bone resorption through inhibition of formation/dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals and by direct cellular effects on osteoclasts. The study was conducted to assess the short- and long-term effectiveness of CA for the control of lameness associated with Navicular Syndrome. Objectives To demonstrate the effectiveness of CA in Navicular Syndrome. Study design Randomised, multi-centre, double-masked, placebo controlled field trial in client-owned horses. Methods Horses with unilateral or bilateral forelimb lameness (AAEP lameness scale grade ≥2); positive anaesthesia of the distal palmar digital nerve(s); radiographic evidence of Navicular Syndrome and the absence of other causes of lameness were eligible for enrolment. Horses were randomised to treatment groups in a 3:1 ratio of CA to saline control. Treatment was administered once via intramuscular injection at 1.2 mg/kg bwt (maximum 765 mg CA or 15 ml saline). Efficacy was assessed by comparing lameness grades before and after treatment. Results 146 horses of various breeds were enrolled at 6 sites in Germany and US. At 8 weeks, horses in the CA group had a significantly higher success rate than horses in the control group (least squares mean 74.72% vs. 3.30%; P = 0.0028). Efficacy was sustained through 180 days in 66% of horses. Adverse events were few and considered to be mild and transient. Conclusions Clodronic acid was safe and effective in Navicular Syndrome. Ethical animal research: Owners gave informed consent for their horses’ inclusion in the study. Sources of funding: Dechra Ltd. Competing interests: The late Dr Frevel was a consultant to Omnimedic GbR, which has applied for a patent for the use of clodronic acid for Navicular Syndrome. Dr Poole is employed by Dechra.
John F. Fessler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Review: Understanding Radiographic Changes Associated with Navicular Syndrome—Are We Making Progress?
2002Co-Authors: William R. Widmer, John F. FesslerAbstract:The etiopathogenesis and radiographic features of Navicular Syndrome remain controversial. However, as our knowledge of pathophysiology increases, better decisions regarding radiographic interpretation are made. Employment of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography will lead to earlier, more accurate diagnosis of Navicular Syndrome. Authors’ address: School of Veterinary Medicine, 1248 Lynn Hall, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906. © 2002 AAEP.
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review understanding radiographic changes associated with Navicular Syndrome are we making progress
2002Co-Authors: William R. Widmer, John F. FesslerAbstract:The etiopathogenesis and radiographic features of Navicular Syndrome remain controversial. However, as our knowledge of pathophysiology increases, better decisions regarding radiographic interpretation are made. Employment of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography will lead to earlier, more accurate diagnosis of Navicular Syndrome. Authors’ address: School of Veterinary Medicine, 1248 Lynn Hall, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906. © 2002 AAEP.
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use of radiography computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of Navicular Syndrome in the horse
Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound, 2000Co-Authors: William R. Widmer, John F. Fessler, Kenneth A Buckwalter, Michael A Hill, David C Vansickle, Susan IvancevichAbstract:: Radiographic evaluation of Navicular Syndrome is problematic because of its inconsistent correlation with clinical signs. Scintigraphy often yields false positive and false negative results and diagnostic ultrasound is of limited value. Therefore, we assessed the use of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in a horse with clinical and radiographic signs of Navicular Syndrome. Cadaver specimens were examined with spiral computed tomographic and high-field magnetic resonance scanners and images were correlated with pathologic findings. Radiographic changes consisted of bony remodeling, which included altered synovial fossae, increased medullary opacity, cyst formation and shape change. These osseous changes were more striking and more numerous on computed tomographic and magnetic resonance images. They were most clearly defined with computed tomography. Many osseous changes seen with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were not radiographically evident. Histologically confirmed soft tissue alterations of the deep digital flexor tendon, impar ligament and marrow were identified with magnetic resonance imaging, but not with conventional radiography. Because of their multiplanar capability and tomographic nature, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging surpass conventional radiography for Navicular imaging, facilitating earlier, more accurate diagnosis. Current advances in imaging technology should make these imaging modalities available to equine practitioners in the future.
William R. Widmer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Review: Understanding Radiographic Changes Associated with Navicular Syndrome—Are We Making Progress?
2002Co-Authors: William R. Widmer, John F. FesslerAbstract:The etiopathogenesis and radiographic features of Navicular Syndrome remain controversial. However, as our knowledge of pathophysiology increases, better decisions regarding radiographic interpretation are made. Employment of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography will lead to earlier, more accurate diagnosis of Navicular Syndrome. Authors’ address: School of Veterinary Medicine, 1248 Lynn Hall, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906. © 2002 AAEP.
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review understanding radiographic changes associated with Navicular Syndrome are we making progress
2002Co-Authors: William R. Widmer, John F. FesslerAbstract:The etiopathogenesis and radiographic features of Navicular Syndrome remain controversial. However, as our knowledge of pathophysiology increases, better decisions regarding radiographic interpretation are made. Employment of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography will lead to earlier, more accurate diagnosis of Navicular Syndrome. Authors’ address: School of Veterinary Medicine, 1248 Lynn Hall, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906. © 2002 AAEP.
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use of radiography computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of Navicular Syndrome in the horse
Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound, 2000Co-Authors: William R. Widmer, John F. Fessler, Kenneth A Buckwalter, Michael A Hill, David C Vansickle, Susan IvancevichAbstract:: Radiographic evaluation of Navicular Syndrome is problematic because of its inconsistent correlation with clinical signs. Scintigraphy often yields false positive and false negative results and diagnostic ultrasound is of limited value. Therefore, we assessed the use of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in a horse with clinical and radiographic signs of Navicular Syndrome. Cadaver specimens were examined with spiral computed tomographic and high-field magnetic resonance scanners and images were correlated with pathologic findings. Radiographic changes consisted of bony remodeling, which included altered synovial fossae, increased medullary opacity, cyst formation and shape change. These osseous changes were more striking and more numerous on computed tomographic and magnetic resonance images. They were most clearly defined with computed tomography. Many osseous changes seen with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were not radiographically evident. Histologically confirmed soft tissue alterations of the deep digital flexor tendon, impar ligament and marrow were identified with magnetic resonance imaging, but not with conventional radiography. Because of their multiplanar capability and tomographic nature, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging surpass conventional radiography for Navicular imaging, facilitating earlier, more accurate diagnosis. Current advances in imaging technology should make these imaging modalities available to equine practitioners in the future.
