The Experts below are selected from a list of 168 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
R Habib - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cyclosporine in the treatment of idiopathic Nephrosis.
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 1994Co-Authors: Patrick Niaudet, R HabibAbstract:Within the past decade, there have been numerous reports on the use of cyclosporine in idiopathic Nephrosis. In this review, the results of both uncontrolled and controlled studies of the therapeutic effects of cyclosporine in steroid-sensitive/dependent idiopathic Nephrosis and in steroid-resistant idiopathic Nephrosis are analyzed. Cyclosporine is efficient in up to 80% of patients with steroid-sensitive/dependent idiopathic Nephrosis. Most patients, however, relapse when the drug is withdrawn, thus necessitating prolonged treatments. Although cyclosporine is less efficient in patients with steroid-resistant idiopathic Nephrosis, a few studies seem to indicate that this drug may be successful in some patients, especially if combined with corticosteroids. There is no evidence that cyclosporine can prevent the recurrence of nephrotic syndrome on the graft after renal transplantation. However, in patients in whom disease has recurred, high doses of cyclosporine may be effective alone or in combination with plasma exchanges. The main worrisome side effect of cyclosporine is chronic nephrotoxicity, which should be differentiated from acute or "functional" toxicity. Follow-up studies including pretreatment and posttreatment renal biopsies show a lack of correlation between structural damage and renal function, suggesting that a histologic examination of the renal parenchyma is the only reliable way of evaluating chronic cyclosporine nephrotoxicity.
Kinji Shirota - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dynamics of absolute amount of nephrin in a single podocyte in puromycin aminonucleoside Nephrosis rats calculated by quantitative glomerular proteomics approach with selected reaction monitoring mode
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 2012Co-Authors: Hirotaka Kawakami, Junichi Kamiie, Kyohei Yasuno, Ryosuke Kobayashi, Naoyuki Aihara, Kinji ShirotaAbstract:Background. The slit diaphragm (SD) is a complex of podocyte-specific proteins and plays a significant role in glomerular filtration. To understand podocyte biology, it is important to determine the expression amount of the SD complex proteins. This study aimed to quantify the absolute amount of nephrin, which is believed to be a major component of SD, in podocytes and to apply that method to normal and puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) Nephrosis rats. Methods. The counting method for podocyte number in a glomerulus was developed by three-dimensional reconstruction imaging of Wilms tumor (WT-1) immunofluorescence on isolated glomeruli. Absolute amount of nephrin was quantified by mass spectrometry using the selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode with a stable isotopelabeled peptide. Results. The number of podocytes per glomerulus was 95.5 6 17.6 in the control rats, 90.7 6 19.2 on Day 4 and 90.7 6 26.2 on Day 7 in PAN Nephrosis rats. The amount of nephrin per glomerulus in control rats was 1.02 6 0.11 fmol and those in PAN Nephrosis rats were reduced to 0.46 6 0.06 fmol and 0.35 6 0.04 fmol on Day 4 and Day 7. The nephrin amount per podocyte was significantly decreased association with the development of proteinuria in PAN Nephrosis rats. Conclusions. This study established the absolute quantification of nephrin and determined the amount of nephrin in a podocyte of normal and PAN Nephrosis rat kidneys. This highly sensitive and selective quantification method for protein is a useful tool for the analysis of SD protein in a podocyte.
Akihiro Tanaka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of zelandopam, a dopamine D1-like receptor agonist, in puromycin aminonucleoside Nephrosis rats.
European journal of pharmacology, 2005Co-Authors: Takeyuki Yatsu, Motonori Aoki, Akihiro TanakaAbstract:The present experiment was designed to investigate the role of peripheral dopamine D1-like receptors and to evaluate the prophylactic effect of zelandopam, a dopamine D1-like receptor agonist, on puromycin aminonucleoside (PA)-induced Nephrosis in rats. Rats were divided into six groups (n=10 per group): 0.9% saline-injected rats (control); PA-injected rats (PAN); PA-injected rats treated with the selective dopamine D1-like receptor agonist zelandopam (30, 100, 300 mg/kg p.o. twice a day); PA-injected rats treated with prednisolone (1 mg/kg p.o. once a day). Nephrosis was induced in rats with a single intravenous injection of PA at a dose of 50 mg/kg. The effects of zelandopam and prednisolone in PA Nephrosis rats were evaluated before injection of PA and at 7 and 14 days after injection. PA-induced Nephrosis was characterized by an increase in urinary protein excretion (proteinuria) and plasma total cholesterol. Zelandopam dose-dependently attenuated the increase in proteinuria and total cholesterol. Prednisolone significantly attenuated the increase in proteinuria and total cholesterol and resulted in a significant decrease in body weight. The present study demonstrates for the first time that zelandopam, a selective dopamine D1-like receptor agonist, is effective in blunting the development of PA-induced Nephrosis, and that the effects of zelandopam are dose dependent.
Patrick Niaudet - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cyclosporine in the treatment of idiopathic Nephrosis.
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 1994Co-Authors: Patrick Niaudet, R HabibAbstract:Within the past decade, there have been numerous reports on the use of cyclosporine in idiopathic Nephrosis. In this review, the results of both uncontrolled and controlled studies of the therapeutic effects of cyclosporine in steroid-sensitive/dependent idiopathic Nephrosis and in steroid-resistant idiopathic Nephrosis are analyzed. Cyclosporine is efficient in up to 80% of patients with steroid-sensitive/dependent idiopathic Nephrosis. Most patients, however, relapse when the drug is withdrawn, thus necessitating prolonged treatments. Although cyclosporine is less efficient in patients with steroid-resistant idiopathic Nephrosis, a few studies seem to indicate that this drug may be successful in some patients, especially if combined with corticosteroids. There is no evidence that cyclosporine can prevent the recurrence of nephrotic syndrome on the graft after renal transplantation. However, in patients in whom disease has recurred, high doses of cyclosporine may be effective alone or in combination with plasma exchanges. The main worrisome side effect of cyclosporine is chronic nephrotoxicity, which should be differentiated from acute or "functional" toxicity. Follow-up studies including pretreatment and posttreatment renal biopsies show a lack of correlation between structural damage and renal function, suggesting that a histologic examination of the renal parenchyma is the only reliable way of evaluating chronic cyclosporine nephrotoxicity.
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Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (Nephrosis)
Optimal Use of Sandimmun® in Nephrotic Syndrome, 1992Co-Authors: A. Meyrier, Patrick Niaudet, J. BrodehlAbstract:The term ‘Nephrosis’ (or ‘lipoid Nephrosis’) is restricted to a variety of NS which includes minimal change disease (MCD) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Approximately 90% of cases of NS in children are due to Nephrosis, the majority being cases of MCD, but only 30% of adult cases of NS can be ascribed to Nephrosis (Fig. 6).
Hirokazu Okada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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novel expression of sodium myo inositol co transporter in podocytes in puromycin aminonucleoside Nephrosis
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 2004Co-Authors: Yusuke Watanabe, Tatsuya Kobayashi, Eishin Yaoita, Hiroshi Kawachi, Atsushi Yamauchi, Tsutomu Inoue, Fujio Shimizu, Yutaka Yoshida, Adel Galal Elshemi, Hirokazu OkadaAbstract:Background. How podocytes respond to injury is poorly understood, although podocyte injury in the glomerulus has been proposed as the crucial mechanism in the pathogenesis of proteinuria and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. An increase in sodium/myo-inositol co-transporter (SMIT) transcripts, an osmoprotective gene, has been demonstrated in a variety of brain injury models. In the present study, we investigated SMIT expression in podocytes in experimental Nephrosis. Methods. Two types of Nephrosis were induced in rats: puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) Nephrosis and monoclonal antibody (mAb) 5-1-6 nephropathy. Podocyte injury was morphologically distinct in the former type of Nephrosis and limited to a minimum in the latter. SMIT expression in isolated glomeruli was estimated by ribonuclease protection assay. Localization of SMIT-expressing cells in glomeruli was examined by in situ hybridization. Results. SMIT transcripts in glomeruli increased conspicuously in the nephrotic stage of PAN Nephrosis, whereas the transcripts in cortices and medullae did not show significant changes. In situ hybridization revealed that podocytes were predominant cells expressing SMIT in the glomerulus. Significant increase of SMIT mRNA in the glomeruli was detected before the onset of massive proteinuria. In contrast, up-regulation of SMIT expression was not observed in mAb 5-1-6 nephropathy, whose urinary protein levels were comparable with those in the nephrotic stage of PAN Nephrosis. Conclusions. These findings suggest that SMIT expression in podocytes is not provoked by an effect of massive proteinuria but by extensive cellular injury.