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Pia Forsberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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intrathecal th17 and b cell associated cytokine and chemokine responses in relation to clinical outcome in lyme Neuroborreliosis a large retrospective study
Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2017Co-Authors: Paula Gyllemark, Pia Forsberg, Jan Ernerudh, Anna J HenningssonAbstract:B cell immunity, including the chemokine CXCL13, has an established role in Lyme Neuroborreliosis, and also, T helper (Th) 17 immunity, including IL-17A, has recently been implicated. We analysed a set of cytokines and chemokines associated with B cell and Th17 immunity in cerebrospinal fluid and serum from clinically well-characterized patients with definite Lyme Neuroborreliosis (group 1, n = 49), defined by both cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and Borrelia-specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and from two groups with possible Lyme Neuroborreliosis, showing either pleocytosis (group 2, n = 14) or Borrelia-specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (group 3, n = 14). A non-Lyme Neuroborreliosis reference group consisted of 88 patients lacking pleocytosis and Borrelia-specific antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of B cell-associated markers (CXCL13, APRIL and BAFF) were significantly elevated in groups 1, 2 and 3 compared with the reference group, except for BAFF, which was not elevated in group 3. Regarding Th17-associated markers (IL-17A, CXCL1 and CCL20), CCL20 in cerebrospinal fluid was significantly elevated in groups 1, 2 and 3 compared with the reference group, while IL-17A and CXCL1 were elevated in group 1. Patients with time of recovery 3 months. By using a set of markers in addition to CXCL13 and IL-17A, we confirm that B cell- and Th17-associated immune responses are involved in Lyme Neuroborreliosis pathogenesis with different patterns in subgroups. Furthermore, IL-17A, APRIL and BAFF may be associated with time to recovery after treatment.
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Intrathecal Th17- and B cell-associated cytokine and chemokine responses in relation to clinical outcome in Lyme Neuroborreliosis: a large retrospective study
Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2017Co-Authors: Paula Gyllemark, Pia Forsberg, Jan Ernerudh, Anna J HenningssonAbstract:Background B cell immunity, including the chemokine CXCL13, has an established role in Lyme Neuroborreliosis, and also, T helper (Th) 17 immunity, including IL-17A, has recently been implicated. Methods We analysed a set of cytokines and chemokines associated with B cell and Th17 immunity in cerebrospinal fluid and serum from clinically well-characterized patients with definite Lyme Neuroborreliosis (group 1, n = 49), defined by both cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and Borrelia -specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and from two groups with possible Lyme Neuroborreliosis, showing either pleocytosis (group 2, n = 14) or Borrelia -specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (group 3, n = 14). A non-Lyme Neuroborreliosis reference group consisted of 88 patients lacking pleocytosis and Borrelia -specific antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Results Cerebrospinal fluid levels of B cell-associated markers (CXCL13, APRIL and BAFF) were significantly elevated in groups 1, 2 and 3 compared with the reference group, except for BAFF, which was not elevated in group 3. Regarding Th17-associated markers (IL-17A, CXCL1 and CCL20), CCL20 in cerebrospinal fluid was significantly elevated in groups 1, 2 and 3 compared with the reference group, while IL-17A and CXCL1 were elevated in group 1. Patients with time of recovery 3 months. Conclusions By using a set of markers in addition to CXCL13 and IL-17A, we confirm that B cell- and Th17-associated immune responses are involved in Lyme Neuroborreliosis pathogenesis with different patterns in subgroups. Furthermore, IL-17A, APRIL and BAFF may be associated with time to recovery after treatment.
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Mapping of hormones and cortisol responses in patients after Lyme Neuroborreliosis.
BMC infectious diseases, 2010Co-Authors: Ivar Tjernberg, Jan Ernerudh, Martin Carlsson, Ingvar Eliasson, Pia ForsbergAbstract:Background: Persistent symptoms after treatment for Neuroborreliosis are common for reasons mainly unknown. These symptoms are often unspecific and could be caused by dysfunctions in endocrine systems, an issue that has not been previously addressed systematically. We therefore mapped hormone levels in patients with previous confirmed Lyme Neuroborreliosis of different outcomes and compared them with a healthy control group. Methods: Twenty patients of a retrospective cohort of patients treated for definite Lyme Neuroborreliosis were recruited 2.3 to 3.7 years (median 2.7) after diagnosis, together with 23 healthy controls. Lyme Neuroborreliosis patients were stratified into two groups according to a symptom/sign score. All participants underwent anthropometric and physiological investigation as well as an extensive biochemical endocrine investigation including a short high-dose adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation (Synacthen®) test. In addition to hormonal status, we also examined electrolytes, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and interleukin-6. Results: Eight patients (40%) had pronounced symptoms 2-3 years after treatment. This group had a higher cortisol response to synacthen as compared with both controls and the Lyme Neuroborreliosis patients without remaining symptoms (p < 0.001 for both comparisons). No other significant differences in the various baseline biochemical parameters, anthropometric or physiological data could be detected across groups. Conclusions: Apart from a positive association between the occurrence of long-lasting complaints after Lyme Neuroborreliosis and cortisol response to synacthen, no corticotropic insufficiency or other serious hormonal dysfunction was found to be associated with remaining symptoms after treatment for Lyme Neuroborreliosis.
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C6-peptide serology as diagnostic tool in Neuroborreliosis.
APMIS : acta pathologica microbiologica et immunologica Scandinavica, 2008Co-Authors: Ivar Tjernberg, Jan Ernerudh, Pia Forsberg, Thomas Schön, Annika Wistedt, Ingvar EliassonAbstract:The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of borrelia serology (Quick ELISA C6 Borrelia assay kit) as a diagnostic tool in cases of suspected Neuroborreliosis. A retrospective patient material consisting of 124 paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples with a positive anti-borrelia antibody index (AI) using the IDEIA Lyme Neuroborreliosis test was compared with 124 Al-negative matched control subjects. The patients were divided into four groups based on presence of pleocytosis and age above or below 12 years. The presence of positive C6 serology in AI-positive patients with pleocytosis was 89% (83/93), significantly different (p = 12 years with pleocytosis, 94% (51/54) had a positive C6 serology. Of AI-positive patients with a symptom duration of more than 30 days, 93% (27/29) were positive by the C6 test. We conclude that the C6 serum test, together with clinical evaluation, is a powerful diagnostic tool in adult (>= 12 years) European patients with suspected Neuroborreliosis with a symptom duration of more than 30 days. Patients with suspected Neuroborreliosis and positive C6 results should be further investigated by lumbar puncture for definite diagnosis. (Less)
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complement activation in lyme Neuroborreliosis increased levels of c1q and c3a in cerebrospinal fluid indicate complement activation in the cns
Journal of Neuroimmunology, 2007Co-Authors: Anna J Henningsson, Jan Ernerudh, Kerstin Sandholm, Stenanders Carlsson, Hans Granlund, Christian Jansson, Dag Nyman, Pia Forsberg, Kristina Nilsson EkdahlAbstract:A strong initial inflammatory response is important in Neuroborreliosis. Since complement is a main player in early inflammation, we monitored the concentration and activation of complement in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid from 298 patients, of whom 23 were diagnosed with Neuroborreliosis. Using sandwich ELISAs, we found significantly elevated levels of C1q, C4, C3, and C3a in cerebrospinal fluid, but not in plasma, in patients with Neuroborreliosis. This finding indicates that complement plays a role in the human immune response in Neuroborreliosis, that the immunologic process is compartmentalized to the CNS, and that complement activation may occur via the classical pathway.
Jan Ernerudh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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intrathecal th17 and b cell associated cytokine and chemokine responses in relation to clinical outcome in lyme Neuroborreliosis a large retrospective study
Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2017Co-Authors: Paula Gyllemark, Pia Forsberg, Jan Ernerudh, Anna J HenningssonAbstract:B cell immunity, including the chemokine CXCL13, has an established role in Lyme Neuroborreliosis, and also, T helper (Th) 17 immunity, including IL-17A, has recently been implicated. We analysed a set of cytokines and chemokines associated with B cell and Th17 immunity in cerebrospinal fluid and serum from clinically well-characterized patients with definite Lyme Neuroborreliosis (group 1, n = 49), defined by both cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and Borrelia-specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and from two groups with possible Lyme Neuroborreliosis, showing either pleocytosis (group 2, n = 14) or Borrelia-specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (group 3, n = 14). A non-Lyme Neuroborreliosis reference group consisted of 88 patients lacking pleocytosis and Borrelia-specific antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of B cell-associated markers (CXCL13, APRIL and BAFF) were significantly elevated in groups 1, 2 and 3 compared with the reference group, except for BAFF, which was not elevated in group 3. Regarding Th17-associated markers (IL-17A, CXCL1 and CCL20), CCL20 in cerebrospinal fluid was significantly elevated in groups 1, 2 and 3 compared with the reference group, while IL-17A and CXCL1 were elevated in group 1. Patients with time of recovery 3 months. By using a set of markers in addition to CXCL13 and IL-17A, we confirm that B cell- and Th17-associated immune responses are involved in Lyme Neuroborreliosis pathogenesis with different patterns in subgroups. Furthermore, IL-17A, APRIL and BAFF may be associated with time to recovery after treatment.
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Intrathecal Th17- and B cell-associated cytokine and chemokine responses in relation to clinical outcome in Lyme Neuroborreliosis: a large retrospective study
Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2017Co-Authors: Paula Gyllemark, Pia Forsberg, Jan Ernerudh, Anna J HenningssonAbstract:Background B cell immunity, including the chemokine CXCL13, has an established role in Lyme Neuroborreliosis, and also, T helper (Th) 17 immunity, including IL-17A, has recently been implicated. Methods We analysed a set of cytokines and chemokines associated with B cell and Th17 immunity in cerebrospinal fluid and serum from clinically well-characterized patients with definite Lyme Neuroborreliosis (group 1, n = 49), defined by both cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and Borrelia -specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and from two groups with possible Lyme Neuroborreliosis, showing either pleocytosis (group 2, n = 14) or Borrelia -specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (group 3, n = 14). A non-Lyme Neuroborreliosis reference group consisted of 88 patients lacking pleocytosis and Borrelia -specific antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Results Cerebrospinal fluid levels of B cell-associated markers (CXCL13, APRIL and BAFF) were significantly elevated in groups 1, 2 and 3 compared with the reference group, except for BAFF, which was not elevated in group 3. Regarding Th17-associated markers (IL-17A, CXCL1 and CCL20), CCL20 in cerebrospinal fluid was significantly elevated in groups 1, 2 and 3 compared with the reference group, while IL-17A and CXCL1 were elevated in group 1. Patients with time of recovery 3 months. Conclusions By using a set of markers in addition to CXCL13 and IL-17A, we confirm that B cell- and Th17-associated immune responses are involved in Lyme Neuroborreliosis pathogenesis with different patterns in subgroups. Furthermore, IL-17A, APRIL and BAFF may be associated with time to recovery after treatment.
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Mapping of hormones and cortisol responses in patients after Lyme Neuroborreliosis.
BMC infectious diseases, 2010Co-Authors: Ivar Tjernberg, Jan Ernerudh, Martin Carlsson, Ingvar Eliasson, Pia ForsbergAbstract:Background: Persistent symptoms after treatment for Neuroborreliosis are common for reasons mainly unknown. These symptoms are often unspecific and could be caused by dysfunctions in endocrine systems, an issue that has not been previously addressed systematically. We therefore mapped hormone levels in patients with previous confirmed Lyme Neuroborreliosis of different outcomes and compared them with a healthy control group. Methods: Twenty patients of a retrospective cohort of patients treated for definite Lyme Neuroborreliosis were recruited 2.3 to 3.7 years (median 2.7) after diagnosis, together with 23 healthy controls. Lyme Neuroborreliosis patients were stratified into two groups according to a symptom/sign score. All participants underwent anthropometric and physiological investigation as well as an extensive biochemical endocrine investigation including a short high-dose adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation (Synacthen®) test. In addition to hormonal status, we also examined electrolytes, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and interleukin-6. Results: Eight patients (40%) had pronounced symptoms 2-3 years after treatment. This group had a higher cortisol response to synacthen as compared with both controls and the Lyme Neuroborreliosis patients without remaining symptoms (p < 0.001 for both comparisons). No other significant differences in the various baseline biochemical parameters, anthropometric or physiological data could be detected across groups. Conclusions: Apart from a positive association between the occurrence of long-lasting complaints after Lyme Neuroborreliosis and cortisol response to synacthen, no corticotropic insufficiency or other serious hormonal dysfunction was found to be associated with remaining symptoms after treatment for Lyme Neuroborreliosis.
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C6-peptide serology as diagnostic tool in Neuroborreliosis.
APMIS : acta pathologica microbiologica et immunologica Scandinavica, 2008Co-Authors: Ivar Tjernberg, Jan Ernerudh, Pia Forsberg, Thomas Schön, Annika Wistedt, Ingvar EliassonAbstract:The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of borrelia serology (Quick ELISA C6 Borrelia assay kit) as a diagnostic tool in cases of suspected Neuroborreliosis. A retrospective patient material consisting of 124 paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples with a positive anti-borrelia antibody index (AI) using the IDEIA Lyme Neuroborreliosis test was compared with 124 Al-negative matched control subjects. The patients were divided into four groups based on presence of pleocytosis and age above or below 12 years. The presence of positive C6 serology in AI-positive patients with pleocytosis was 89% (83/93), significantly different (p = 12 years with pleocytosis, 94% (51/54) had a positive C6 serology. Of AI-positive patients with a symptom duration of more than 30 days, 93% (27/29) were positive by the C6 test. We conclude that the C6 serum test, together with clinical evaluation, is a powerful diagnostic tool in adult (>= 12 years) European patients with suspected Neuroborreliosis with a symptom duration of more than 30 days. Patients with suspected Neuroborreliosis and positive C6 results should be further investigated by lumbar puncture for definite diagnosis. (Less)
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complement activation in lyme Neuroborreliosis increased levels of c1q and c3a in cerebrospinal fluid indicate complement activation in the cns
Journal of Neuroimmunology, 2007Co-Authors: Anna J Henningsson, Jan Ernerudh, Kerstin Sandholm, Stenanders Carlsson, Hans Granlund, Christian Jansson, Dag Nyman, Pia Forsberg, Kristina Nilsson EkdahlAbstract:A strong initial inflammatory response is important in Neuroborreliosis. Since complement is a main player in early inflammation, we monitored the concentration and activation of complement in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid from 298 patients, of whom 23 were diagnosed with Neuroborreliosis. Using sandwich ELISAs, we found significantly elevated levels of C1q, C4, C3, and C3a in cerebrospinal fluid, but not in plasma, in patients with Neuroborreliosis. This finding indicates that complement plays a role in the human immune response in Neuroborreliosis, that the immunologic process is compartmentalized to the CNS, and that complement activation may occur via the classical pathway.
Anna J Henningsson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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intrathecal th17 and b cell associated cytokine and chemokine responses in relation to clinical outcome in lyme Neuroborreliosis a large retrospective study
Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2017Co-Authors: Paula Gyllemark, Pia Forsberg, Jan Ernerudh, Anna J HenningssonAbstract:B cell immunity, including the chemokine CXCL13, has an established role in Lyme Neuroborreliosis, and also, T helper (Th) 17 immunity, including IL-17A, has recently been implicated. We analysed a set of cytokines and chemokines associated with B cell and Th17 immunity in cerebrospinal fluid and serum from clinically well-characterized patients with definite Lyme Neuroborreliosis (group 1, n = 49), defined by both cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and Borrelia-specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and from two groups with possible Lyme Neuroborreliosis, showing either pleocytosis (group 2, n = 14) or Borrelia-specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (group 3, n = 14). A non-Lyme Neuroborreliosis reference group consisted of 88 patients lacking pleocytosis and Borrelia-specific antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of B cell-associated markers (CXCL13, APRIL and BAFF) were significantly elevated in groups 1, 2 and 3 compared with the reference group, except for BAFF, which was not elevated in group 3. Regarding Th17-associated markers (IL-17A, CXCL1 and CCL20), CCL20 in cerebrospinal fluid was significantly elevated in groups 1, 2 and 3 compared with the reference group, while IL-17A and CXCL1 were elevated in group 1. Patients with time of recovery 3 months. By using a set of markers in addition to CXCL13 and IL-17A, we confirm that B cell- and Th17-associated immune responses are involved in Lyme Neuroborreliosis pathogenesis with different patterns in subgroups. Furthermore, IL-17A, APRIL and BAFF may be associated with time to recovery after treatment.
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Intrathecal Th17- and B cell-associated cytokine and chemokine responses in relation to clinical outcome in Lyme Neuroborreliosis: a large retrospective study
Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2017Co-Authors: Paula Gyllemark, Pia Forsberg, Jan Ernerudh, Anna J HenningssonAbstract:Background B cell immunity, including the chemokine CXCL13, has an established role in Lyme Neuroborreliosis, and also, T helper (Th) 17 immunity, including IL-17A, has recently been implicated. Methods We analysed a set of cytokines and chemokines associated with B cell and Th17 immunity in cerebrospinal fluid and serum from clinically well-characterized patients with definite Lyme Neuroborreliosis (group 1, n = 49), defined by both cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and Borrelia -specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and from two groups with possible Lyme Neuroborreliosis, showing either pleocytosis (group 2, n = 14) or Borrelia -specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (group 3, n = 14). A non-Lyme Neuroborreliosis reference group consisted of 88 patients lacking pleocytosis and Borrelia -specific antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Results Cerebrospinal fluid levels of B cell-associated markers (CXCL13, APRIL and BAFF) were significantly elevated in groups 1, 2 and 3 compared with the reference group, except for BAFF, which was not elevated in group 3. Regarding Th17-associated markers (IL-17A, CXCL1 and CCL20), CCL20 in cerebrospinal fluid was significantly elevated in groups 1, 2 and 3 compared with the reference group, while IL-17A and CXCL1 were elevated in group 1. Patients with time of recovery 3 months. Conclusions By using a set of markers in addition to CXCL13 and IL-17A, we confirm that B cell- and Th17-associated immune responses are involved in Lyme Neuroborreliosis pathogenesis with different patterns in subgroups. Furthermore, IL-17A, APRIL and BAFF may be associated with time to recovery after treatment.
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complement activation in lyme Neuroborreliosis increased levels of c1q and c3a in cerebrospinal fluid indicate complement activation in the cns
Journal of Neuroimmunology, 2007Co-Authors: Anna J Henningsson, Jan Ernerudh, Kerstin Sandholm, Stenanders Carlsson, Hans Granlund, Christian Jansson, Dag Nyman, Pia Forsberg, Kristina Nilsson EkdahlAbstract:A strong initial inflammatory response is important in Neuroborreliosis. Since complement is a main player in early inflammation, we monitored the concentration and activation of complement in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid from 298 patients, of whom 23 were diagnosed with Neuroborreliosis. Using sandwich ELISAs, we found significantly elevated levels of C1q, C4, C3, and C3a in cerebrospinal fluid, but not in plasma, in patients with Neuroborreliosis. This finding indicates that complement plays a role in the human immune response in Neuroborreliosis, that the immunologic process is compartmentalized to the CNS, and that complement activation may occur via the classical pathway.
S. Rauer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Advantage of recombinant borrelial proteins for serodiagnosis of Neuroborreliosis.
Journal of medical microbiology, 1999Co-Authors: R. Kaiser, S. RauerAbstract:Two enzyme immunoassay (EIA) systems were compared for their ability to detect Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato specific IgG and IgM antibodies and to differentiate between symptomatic (83 patients with Neuroborreliosis) and asymptomatic seropositive subjects (80 healthy controls). Antibody concentrations were determined by EIA; the antigens used were either a sonicate of B. burgdorferi or three recombinant borrelial proteins: the 14-kDa flagellin fragment, the outer surface protein C (22 kDa) and the high molecular mass protein p83 (83 kDa). In the sonicate, EIA, IgG or IgM antibodies to B. burgdorferi, or both, were detected in all patients with Neuroborreliosis and in all controls. Pre-absorption of sera with Treponema phagedenis sonicate diminished the sensitivity of detection of borrelial specific IgG (IgG or IgM or both) antibodies in patients with Neuroborreliosis from 80 to 57% (100 to 82%) and in the controls from 100 to 32% (100 to 37%). While being specific for B. burgdorferi, the recombinant EIAs proved to be significantly more sensitive than the sonicate EIA: IgG or IgM, or both antibodies against any of the recombinant antigens were detected in 92% of patients with Neuroborreliosis and in 24% of controls. The increase in sensitivity in patients with Neuroborreliosis was mostly due to the higher detection rate of IgM antibodies in the recombinant EIA (77% versus 48% in the sonicate EIA), while IgG antibodies were demonstrated with similar frequencies in both EIA systems (57% versus 60%). It was concluded that the recombinant EIAs are superior to the sonicate EIA with pre-absorption of cross-reactive antibodies in the confirmation of an acute borrelial infection and in the differentiation between symptomatic and asymptomatic infections.
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Analysis of the intrathecal immune response in Neuroborreliosis to a sonicate antigen and three recombinant antigens ofBorrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 1998Co-Authors: R. Kaiser, S. RauerAbstract:The intrathecal synthesis of borrelial-specific IgM- and IgG-antibodies was studied in 67 patients with Neuroborreliosis and in 14 patients with neurosyphilis (controls). Antibody concentrations in serum and in the cerebrospinal fluid were determined by an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) using, as antigens, a sonicate of Borrelia burgdorferi , the recombinant 14 kDa flagellin fragment, the outer surface protein C (22 kDa), and the high molecular mass protein p83 (83 kDa). In the sonicate EIA, IgG- and/or IgM-antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in serum were detected in all patients with Neuroborreliosis and in 71% of patients with neurosyphilis. Intrathecal synthesis of borrelial-specific IgG- and/or IgM-antibodies was demonstrated in 82% of patients with Neuroborreliosis and in 71% of patients with neurosyphilis. Immunoglobulin G- and/or IgM-antibodies in serum against any of the recombinant antigens were detected in 92% of patients with Neuroborreliosis and in none of those with neurosyphilis. Intrathecal synthesis of IgG- and/or IgM-antibodies to individual recombinant antigens was demonstrated in 67% of patients with Neuroborreliosis and in none of those with neurosyphilis. The sensitivity of the recombinant antigens in serum was almost equal to that of the sonicate EIA, whereas the recombinant antigens were clearly less sensitive in the estimation of the intrathecal specific immune response. It was concluded that in suspected cases of Neuroborreliosis, the estimation of high specific antibodies in the recombinant EIA will be helpful in confirming the diagnosis.
Magnus Vrethem - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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chronic symptoms are common in patients with Neuroborreliosis a questionnaire follow up study
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 2002Co-Authors: Magnus Vrethem, Jan Ernerudh, L Hellblom, M Widlund, M Ahl, Olof Danielsson, Pia ForsbergAbstract:Objectives - The existence of chronic Neuroborreliosis is controversial. The aim of our study was to investigate the existence and kind of persistent symptoms in patients previously treated because of neurological symptoms as a result of Neuroborreliosis. Material and methods - A total of 106 patients with Neuroborreliosis, according to established criteria, and a control group of 123 patients with Borrelia induced erythema migrans diagnosed in a general practitioner office were studied. A questionnaire was sent to patients and controls concerning their health situation. Time from onset of neurological symptoms to the questionnaire sendout was 32 months (mean) for the patients with Neuroborreliosis and 33 months (mean) for the controls. Results - Fifty per cent of the individuals in the patient group compared with 16% of the individuals in the control group showed persistent complaints after their Borrelia infection (P
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Chronic symptoms are common in patients with Neuroborreliosis – a questionnaire follow‐up study
Acta neurologica Scandinavica, 2002Co-Authors: Magnus Vrethem, Jan Ernerudh, L Hellblom, M Widlund, M Ahl, Olof Danielsson, Pia ForsbergAbstract:Objectives - The existence of chronic Neuroborreliosis is controversial. The aim of our study was to investigate the existence and kind of persistent symptoms in patients previously treated because of neurological symptoms as a result of Neuroborreliosis. Material and methods - A total of 106 patients with Neuroborreliosis, according to established criteria, and a control group of 123 patients with Borrelia induced erythema migrans diagnosed in a general practitioner office were studied. A questionnaire was sent to patients and controls concerning their health situation. Time from onset of neurological symptoms to the questionnaire sendout was 32 months (mean) for the patients with Neuroborreliosis and 33 months (mean) for the controls. Results - Fifty per cent of the individuals in the patient group compared with 16% of the individuals in the control group showed persistent complaints after their Borrelia infection (P
