The Experts below are selected from a list of 111 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Sarah J Clark - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of State Vaccine-Financing Strategy on Hepatitis B Immunization in Hospital Nurseries
Ambulatory Pediatrics, 2002Co-Authors: Michael D Cabana, Kimberly D Aiken, Matthew M. Davis, Gary L. Freed, Sarah J ClarkAbstract:Objective.—Changes in recommendations for Newborn Hepatitis B vaccination offer an opportunity to examine the association between Newborn Hepatitis B vaccination in hospital nurseries and state vaccine-financing strategies, which include the Vaccines for Children (VFC) program alone, an enhanced VFC program, and universal purchase. Methods.—We conducted a cross-sectional telephone survey of nursery directors from a national random sample of 290 hospital nurseries. Results.—Directors at 207 (71%) of 290 eligible nurseries responded. After the end of the temporary suspension of the Hepatitis B vaccine birth dose, 59 (29%) of the 207 nurseries did not return to their previous policy and adopted a less strict policy for offering this vaccination to low-risk infants. In logistic regression analysis, compared with nurseries in states with VFC-only financing, nurseries in states with universal purchase financing were more likely to return a strict policy of routinely offering Hepatitis B vaccination (odds ratio [OR], 0.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.11–0.78), and nurseries in states with enhanced VFC financing were less likely to return to a strict policy of routinely offering Hepatitis B vaccination (OR, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.14–7.88). The presence of residents or students in the nursery was associated with a lower likelihood of not returning to a strict policy of routinely offering Hepatitis B vaccination (OR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.10–0.97). Conclusions.—State vaccine-financing strategy for the birth dose of Hepatitis B vaccine is associated with nursery policy to routinely offer this vaccine in the nursery. The temporary change in national Hepatitis B vaccination recommendations in 1999 served as a window of opportunity for the adoption of new hospital nursery policies and showed the effects of state vaccine financing on the adoption of Newborn immunization recommendations.
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Newborn Hepatitis b vaccination policy in hospital nurseries
Pediatrics, 2002Co-Authors: Michael D Cabana, Kimberly D Aiken, Sarah J ClarkAbstract:Objective. Hepatitis B vaccination (HBV) is unlike any other immunization series because it can be initiated in the hospital nursery. The objective of this study was to describe how hospital nurseries develop HBV policies and to describe the sources of information used for learning about national HBV recommendations. Methods. A cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted on a national random sample of nursery medical directors of 290 hospital nurseries representing all 50 states. The outcomes measured were methods used by hospital nurseries to develop HBV policy and sources of information used by nursery directors to learn about national HBV recommendations. Results. Directors at 207 (71%) of 290 eligible nurseries responded. Of the 184 nurseries that have considered developing an HBV policy, the most common method was through a formal committee (43%). In 104 (57%) of these nurseries a nurse was involved in policy development, and in 15 (8%) the nurse manager initiated the process. The most common source of initial information about the July 1999 announcement to suspend the nursery dose of HBV was the American Academy of Pediatrics. The most common initial source of information about the availability of thimerosal-free HBV was pharmaceutical companies. Physician, nurse, and pharmacist colleagues were cited as sources of information with similar frequency (12, 11, and 20 cases, respectively). Conclusions. Physicians are not the sole initiators and developers of HBV policy in the Newborn nursery. Although almost all nurseries designate a physician as a nursery director, in many cases (55% of cases) the position is “rotating” or as part of another administrative position (63% of cases). Many hospital nurseries involve nurses and pharmacists in key roles to stay current with HBV recommendations and to develop subsequent policy. Using nonphysician national organizations as additional channels of information might expedite dissemination about changes in HBV recommendations and, as a result, improve nursery awareness and adoption of national HBV guidelines.
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Hepatitis b vaccination practices in hospital Newborn nurseries before and after changes in vaccination recommendations
JAMA Pediatrics, 2001Co-Authors: Sarah J Clark, Michael D Cabana, Tasneem Malik, Hussain Yusuf, Gary L. FreedAbstract:Background Routine use of Hepatitis B vaccine for low-risk Newborns was suspended on July 7, 1999, because of concern about the potential risk of thimerosal, a mercury-containing vaccine preservative. Reinstatement of the birth dose was recommended when a thimerosal-free vaccine became available. Objective To explore changes in Hepatitis B vaccination practices for Newborns related to the revised recommendations for low-risk infants (in this study, the terms Newborn and infant are used interchangeably). Design A telephone survey of a random sample of 1000 US hospitals. Participants Nurse managers, nursery directors, and staff nurses of the Newborn nurseries. Main Outcome Measures Nursery vaccination practices before and after July 7, 1999, and the availability and use of thimerosal-free vaccine. Results Interviews were conducted with 773 (87%) of 886 eligible hospitals. Before July 7, 1999, 78% of the hospitals reported vaccination practices that were consistent with recommendations at that time, although only 47% vaccinated all low-risk infants at birth. After July 7, 1999, almost all hospitals discontinued vaccination of low-risk infants, in accordance with the recommendation change; however, there was a 6-fold increase in the number of hospitals that were not vaccinating all high-risk infants. After the introduction of thimerosal-free vaccine, only 39% of the hospitals reported vaccinating all low-risk infants. Conclusions Most hospital nurseries altered their Newborn Hepatitis B vaccination practices consistent with changes in national recommendations. However, unintended consequences included the failure of some hospitals to continue vaccinating all high-risk infants and the delay in reintroducing vaccination for low-risk Newborns after the introduction of a thimerosal-free vaccine. Assessments of the appropriateness of this country's response to the threat of thimerosal in vaccines should consider these findings.
Michael D Cabana - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of State Vaccine-Financing Strategy on Hepatitis B Immunization in Hospital Nurseries
Ambulatory Pediatrics, 2002Co-Authors: Michael D Cabana, Kimberly D Aiken, Matthew M. Davis, Gary L. Freed, Sarah J ClarkAbstract:Objective.—Changes in recommendations for Newborn Hepatitis B vaccination offer an opportunity to examine the association between Newborn Hepatitis B vaccination in hospital nurseries and state vaccine-financing strategies, which include the Vaccines for Children (VFC) program alone, an enhanced VFC program, and universal purchase. Methods.—We conducted a cross-sectional telephone survey of nursery directors from a national random sample of 290 hospital nurseries. Results.—Directors at 207 (71%) of 290 eligible nurseries responded. After the end of the temporary suspension of the Hepatitis B vaccine birth dose, 59 (29%) of the 207 nurseries did not return to their previous policy and adopted a less strict policy for offering this vaccination to low-risk infants. In logistic regression analysis, compared with nurseries in states with VFC-only financing, nurseries in states with universal purchase financing were more likely to return a strict policy of routinely offering Hepatitis B vaccination (odds ratio [OR], 0.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.11–0.78), and nurseries in states with enhanced VFC financing were less likely to return to a strict policy of routinely offering Hepatitis B vaccination (OR, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.14–7.88). The presence of residents or students in the nursery was associated with a lower likelihood of not returning to a strict policy of routinely offering Hepatitis B vaccination (OR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.10–0.97). Conclusions.—State vaccine-financing strategy for the birth dose of Hepatitis B vaccine is associated with nursery policy to routinely offer this vaccine in the nursery. The temporary change in national Hepatitis B vaccination recommendations in 1999 served as a window of opportunity for the adoption of new hospital nursery policies and showed the effects of state vaccine financing on the adoption of Newborn immunization recommendations.
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Newborn Hepatitis b vaccination policy in hospital nurseries
Pediatrics, 2002Co-Authors: Michael D Cabana, Kimberly D Aiken, Sarah J ClarkAbstract:Objective. Hepatitis B vaccination (HBV) is unlike any other immunization series because it can be initiated in the hospital nursery. The objective of this study was to describe how hospital nurseries develop HBV policies and to describe the sources of information used for learning about national HBV recommendations. Methods. A cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted on a national random sample of nursery medical directors of 290 hospital nurseries representing all 50 states. The outcomes measured were methods used by hospital nurseries to develop HBV policy and sources of information used by nursery directors to learn about national HBV recommendations. Results. Directors at 207 (71%) of 290 eligible nurseries responded. Of the 184 nurseries that have considered developing an HBV policy, the most common method was through a formal committee (43%). In 104 (57%) of these nurseries a nurse was involved in policy development, and in 15 (8%) the nurse manager initiated the process. The most common source of initial information about the July 1999 announcement to suspend the nursery dose of HBV was the American Academy of Pediatrics. The most common initial source of information about the availability of thimerosal-free HBV was pharmaceutical companies. Physician, nurse, and pharmacist colleagues were cited as sources of information with similar frequency (12, 11, and 20 cases, respectively). Conclusions. Physicians are not the sole initiators and developers of HBV policy in the Newborn nursery. Although almost all nurseries designate a physician as a nursery director, in many cases (55% of cases) the position is “rotating” or as part of another administrative position (63% of cases). Many hospital nurseries involve nurses and pharmacists in key roles to stay current with HBV recommendations and to develop subsequent policy. Using nonphysician national organizations as additional channels of information might expedite dissemination about changes in HBV recommendations and, as a result, improve nursery awareness and adoption of national HBV guidelines.
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Hepatitis b vaccination practices in hospital Newborn nurseries before and after changes in vaccination recommendations
JAMA Pediatrics, 2001Co-Authors: Sarah J Clark, Michael D Cabana, Tasneem Malik, Hussain Yusuf, Gary L. FreedAbstract:Background Routine use of Hepatitis B vaccine for low-risk Newborns was suspended on July 7, 1999, because of concern about the potential risk of thimerosal, a mercury-containing vaccine preservative. Reinstatement of the birth dose was recommended when a thimerosal-free vaccine became available. Objective To explore changes in Hepatitis B vaccination practices for Newborns related to the revised recommendations for low-risk infants (in this study, the terms Newborn and infant are used interchangeably). Design A telephone survey of a random sample of 1000 US hospitals. Participants Nurse managers, nursery directors, and staff nurses of the Newborn nurseries. Main Outcome Measures Nursery vaccination practices before and after July 7, 1999, and the availability and use of thimerosal-free vaccine. Results Interviews were conducted with 773 (87%) of 886 eligible hospitals. Before July 7, 1999, 78% of the hospitals reported vaccination practices that were consistent with recommendations at that time, although only 47% vaccinated all low-risk infants at birth. After July 7, 1999, almost all hospitals discontinued vaccination of low-risk infants, in accordance with the recommendation change; however, there was a 6-fold increase in the number of hospitals that were not vaccinating all high-risk infants. After the introduction of thimerosal-free vaccine, only 39% of the hospitals reported vaccinating all low-risk infants. Conclusions Most hospital nurseries altered their Newborn Hepatitis B vaccination practices consistent with changes in national recommendations. However, unintended consequences included the failure of some hospitals to continue vaccinating all high-risk infants and the delay in reintroducing vaccination for low-risk Newborns after the introduction of a thimerosal-free vaccine. Assessments of the appropriateness of this country's response to the threat of thimerosal in vaccines should consider these findings.
Favour Osazuwa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nijerya Abaji Bölgesi Kirsal Toplumunda, Gebe Kadinlar Arasinda, İnsan İmmün Yetmezlik Virüsü, Hepatit B ve C Sero-epidemiyolojisi (Sero-Epidemiology of Human Immunodeficency Virus, Hepatitis B and C among Pregnant Women in Rural Communities of Abaji
2020Co-Authors: Favour Osazuwa, Onah Victor Obinna, Anikwe Favour ChikaAbstract:SUMMARY AIM: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to be a major public health problem worldwide and most especially in sub Saharan Africa .It has been reported that the highest burden of HIV is located in this region. HIV is particularly significant in their ability of transferred from mother to their Newborn. Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) is recently been recognized also as a cause of mortality and morbidity in pregnant women in many obstetric centers worldwide. In view of the deleterious nature of these infections and paucity of reports on their prevalence among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in rural settings in Nigeria, This study thus aimed to evaluate using serological techniques, the prevalence of HIV, HBV and anti-HCV antibodies among pregnant women attending the General Hospital, Abaji from various rural communities of Abaji local Area Council, of the federal capital city, Nigeria. METHOD: The study was a hospital based cross-sectional survey including 395 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of the General Hospital, Abaji, from 1st April 2010- 30th March 2011. Questionnaires administered by a nursing staff were used to gather information on bio-data, socio-economic and demographic status. Rapid diagnostic test kits were used to screen for HIV, HBV and anti-HCV antibodies. Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS software version 16. RESULTS: 23(5.8%), 45 (11.4%) and 12 (3.0%) out of 395 pregnant women included in the study were found to be positive for Serum antibodies to HIV, HBV and HCV respectively. The age group 22-26 was the most infected and showed highest seropositivity to all serological markers. History of sexually transmitted diseases (STI) (p
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Sero-Epidemiology of Human Immunodeficency Virus, Hepatitis B and C among Pregnant Women in Rural Communities of Abaji Area Council, Nigeria -
TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 2020Co-Authors: Favour OsazuwaAbstract:AIM: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to be a major public health problem worldwide and most especially in sub Saharan Africa .It has been reported that the highest burden of HIV is located in this region. HIV is particularly significant in their ability of transferred from mother to their Newborn. Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) is recently been recognized also as a cause of mortality and morbidity in pregnant women in many obstetric centers worldwide. In view of the deleterious nature of these infections and paucity of reports on their prevalence among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in rural settings in Nigeria, This study thus aimed to evaluate using serological techniques, the prevalence of HIV, HBV and anti-HCV antibodies among pregnant women attending the General Hospital, Abaji from various rural communities of Abaji local Area Council, of the federal capital city, Nigeria. METHOD: The study was a hospital based cross-sectional survey including 395 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of the General Hospital, Abaji, from 1st April 2010- 30th March 2011. Questionnaires administered by a nursing staff were used to gather information on bio-data, socio-economic and demographic status. Rapid diagnostic test kits were used to screen for HIV, HBV and anti-HCV antibodies. Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS software version 16. RESULTS: 23(5.8%), 45 (11.4%) and 12 (3.0%) out of 395 pregnant women included in the study were found to be positive for Serum antibodies to HIV, HBV and HCV respectively. The age group 22-26 was the most infected and showed highest seropositivity to all serological markers. History of sexually transmitted diseases (STI) (p
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Nijerya Abaji B??lgesi Kirsal Toplumunda, Gebe Kadinlar Arasinda, Insan Imm??n Yetmezlik Vir??s??, Hepatit B ve C Sero-epidemiyolojisi
TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 2012Co-Authors: Favour Osazuwa, Onah Victor Obinna, Anikwe Favour ChikaAbstract:AIM: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to be a major public health problem worldwide and most especially in sub Saharan Africa .It has been reported that the highest burden of HIV is located in this region. HIV is particularly significant in their ability of transferred from mother to their Newborn. Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) is recently been recognized also as a cause of mortality and morbidity in pregnant women in many obstetric centers worldwide. In view of the deleterious nature of these infections and paucity of reports on their prevalence among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in rural settings in Nigeria, This study thus aimed to evaluate using serological techniques, the prevalence of HIV, HBV and anti-HCV antibodies among pregnant women attending the General Hospital, Abaji from various rural communities of Abaji local Area Council, of the federal capital city, Nigeria. METHOD: The study was a hospital based cross-sectional survey including 395 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of the General Hospital, Abaji, from 1st April 2010- 30th March 2011. Questionnaires administered by a nursing staff were used to gather information on bio-data, socio-economic and demographic status. Rapid diagnostic test kits were used to screen for HIV, HBV and anti-HCV antibodies. Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS software version 16. RESULTS: 23(5.8%), 45 (11.4%) and 12 (3.0%) out of 395 pregnant women included in the study were found to be positive for Serum antibodies to HIV, HBV and HCV respectively. The age group 22-26 was the most infected and showed highest seropositivity to all serological markers. History of sexually transmitted diseases (STI) (p
Anikwe Favour Chika - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nijerya Abaji Bölgesi Kirsal Toplumunda, Gebe Kadinlar Arasinda, İnsan İmmün Yetmezlik Virüsü, Hepatit B ve C Sero-epidemiyolojisi (Sero-Epidemiology of Human Immunodeficency Virus, Hepatitis B and C among Pregnant Women in Rural Communities of Abaji
2020Co-Authors: Favour Osazuwa, Onah Victor Obinna, Anikwe Favour ChikaAbstract:SUMMARY AIM: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to be a major public health problem worldwide and most especially in sub Saharan Africa .It has been reported that the highest burden of HIV is located in this region. HIV is particularly significant in their ability of transferred from mother to their Newborn. Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) is recently been recognized also as a cause of mortality and morbidity in pregnant women in many obstetric centers worldwide. In view of the deleterious nature of these infections and paucity of reports on their prevalence among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in rural settings in Nigeria, This study thus aimed to evaluate using serological techniques, the prevalence of HIV, HBV and anti-HCV antibodies among pregnant women attending the General Hospital, Abaji from various rural communities of Abaji local Area Council, of the federal capital city, Nigeria. METHOD: The study was a hospital based cross-sectional survey including 395 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of the General Hospital, Abaji, from 1st April 2010- 30th March 2011. Questionnaires administered by a nursing staff were used to gather information on bio-data, socio-economic and demographic status. Rapid diagnostic test kits were used to screen for HIV, HBV and anti-HCV antibodies. Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS software version 16. RESULTS: 23(5.8%), 45 (11.4%) and 12 (3.0%) out of 395 pregnant women included in the study were found to be positive for Serum antibodies to HIV, HBV and HCV respectively. The age group 22-26 was the most infected and showed highest seropositivity to all serological markers. History of sexually transmitted diseases (STI) (p
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Nijerya Abaji B??lgesi Kirsal Toplumunda, Gebe Kadinlar Arasinda, Insan Imm??n Yetmezlik Vir??s??, Hepatit B ve C Sero-epidemiyolojisi
TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 2012Co-Authors: Favour Osazuwa, Onah Victor Obinna, Anikwe Favour ChikaAbstract:AIM: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to be a major public health problem worldwide and most especially in sub Saharan Africa .It has been reported that the highest burden of HIV is located in this region. HIV is particularly significant in their ability of transferred from mother to their Newborn. Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) is recently been recognized also as a cause of mortality and morbidity in pregnant women in many obstetric centers worldwide. In view of the deleterious nature of these infections and paucity of reports on their prevalence among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in rural settings in Nigeria, This study thus aimed to evaluate using serological techniques, the prevalence of HIV, HBV and anti-HCV antibodies among pregnant women attending the General Hospital, Abaji from various rural communities of Abaji local Area Council, of the federal capital city, Nigeria. METHOD: The study was a hospital based cross-sectional survey including 395 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of the General Hospital, Abaji, from 1st April 2010- 30th March 2011. Questionnaires administered by a nursing staff were used to gather information on bio-data, socio-economic and demographic status. Rapid diagnostic test kits were used to screen for HIV, HBV and anti-HCV antibodies. Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS software version 16. RESULTS: 23(5.8%), 45 (11.4%) and 12 (3.0%) out of 395 pregnant women included in the study were found to be positive for Serum antibodies to HIV, HBV and HCV respectively. The age group 22-26 was the most infected and showed highest seropositivity to all serological markers. History of sexually transmitted diseases (STI) (p
Gary L. Freed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of State Vaccine-Financing Strategy on Hepatitis B Immunization in Hospital Nurseries
Ambulatory Pediatrics, 2002Co-Authors: Michael D Cabana, Kimberly D Aiken, Matthew M. Davis, Gary L. Freed, Sarah J ClarkAbstract:Objective.—Changes in recommendations for Newborn Hepatitis B vaccination offer an opportunity to examine the association between Newborn Hepatitis B vaccination in hospital nurseries and state vaccine-financing strategies, which include the Vaccines for Children (VFC) program alone, an enhanced VFC program, and universal purchase. Methods.—We conducted a cross-sectional telephone survey of nursery directors from a national random sample of 290 hospital nurseries. Results.—Directors at 207 (71%) of 290 eligible nurseries responded. After the end of the temporary suspension of the Hepatitis B vaccine birth dose, 59 (29%) of the 207 nurseries did not return to their previous policy and adopted a less strict policy for offering this vaccination to low-risk infants. In logistic regression analysis, compared with nurseries in states with VFC-only financing, nurseries in states with universal purchase financing were more likely to return a strict policy of routinely offering Hepatitis B vaccination (odds ratio [OR], 0.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.11–0.78), and nurseries in states with enhanced VFC financing were less likely to return to a strict policy of routinely offering Hepatitis B vaccination (OR, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.14–7.88). The presence of residents or students in the nursery was associated with a lower likelihood of not returning to a strict policy of routinely offering Hepatitis B vaccination (OR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.10–0.97). Conclusions.—State vaccine-financing strategy for the birth dose of Hepatitis B vaccine is associated with nursery policy to routinely offer this vaccine in the nursery. The temporary change in national Hepatitis B vaccination recommendations in 1999 served as a window of opportunity for the adoption of new hospital nursery policies and showed the effects of state vaccine financing on the adoption of Newborn immunization recommendations.
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Hepatitis b vaccination practices in hospital Newborn nurseries before and after changes in vaccination recommendations
JAMA Pediatrics, 2001Co-Authors: Sarah J Clark, Michael D Cabana, Tasneem Malik, Hussain Yusuf, Gary L. FreedAbstract:Background Routine use of Hepatitis B vaccine for low-risk Newborns was suspended on July 7, 1999, because of concern about the potential risk of thimerosal, a mercury-containing vaccine preservative. Reinstatement of the birth dose was recommended when a thimerosal-free vaccine became available. Objective To explore changes in Hepatitis B vaccination practices for Newborns related to the revised recommendations for low-risk infants (in this study, the terms Newborn and infant are used interchangeably). Design A telephone survey of a random sample of 1000 US hospitals. Participants Nurse managers, nursery directors, and staff nurses of the Newborn nurseries. Main Outcome Measures Nursery vaccination practices before and after July 7, 1999, and the availability and use of thimerosal-free vaccine. Results Interviews were conducted with 773 (87%) of 886 eligible hospitals. Before July 7, 1999, 78% of the hospitals reported vaccination practices that were consistent with recommendations at that time, although only 47% vaccinated all low-risk infants at birth. After July 7, 1999, almost all hospitals discontinued vaccination of low-risk infants, in accordance with the recommendation change; however, there was a 6-fold increase in the number of hospitals that were not vaccinating all high-risk infants. After the introduction of thimerosal-free vaccine, only 39% of the hospitals reported vaccinating all low-risk infants. Conclusions Most hospital nurseries altered their Newborn Hepatitis B vaccination practices consistent with changes in national recommendations. However, unintended consequences included the failure of some hospitals to continue vaccinating all high-risk infants and the delay in reintroducing vaccination for low-risk Newborns after the introduction of a thimerosal-free vaccine. Assessments of the appropriateness of this country's response to the threat of thimerosal in vaccines should consider these findings.