The Experts below are selected from a list of 24 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
伊藤 直樹 - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A case of Nicotinic Acid Deficiency encephalopathy
中村記念病院, 1992Co-Authors: 中島 信夫, 田中 千春, 横尾 智子, 佐光 一也, 溝渕 雅広, 村上 宣人, 仁平 敦子, 伊藤 直樹Abstract:A 38-year-old woman with chronic alcoholism developed a disturbance of consciousness, cogwheel rigidity of the limbs, forced grasping and myoclonus. She recovered from the disturbance of consciousness with a high dose of Nicotinic Acid and multiple vitamins. Nicotinic Acid Deficiency encephalopathy is characterized by a disturbance of consciousness, cogwheel rigidity of the limbs, forced grasping, cerebellar ataxia, alcoholic delirium and polyneuritis first reported by Jolliffe et al (1940). This syndrome should be treated with multiple vitamins in addition to Nicotinic Acid, because Deficiency of a single vitamin is rare. Although it is rare in alcoholic patients, this treatable syndrome should always be considered in the presence of above symptoms and signs
Chiaki Asao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the etiology of cortical lesions in marchiafava bignami disease is Nicotinic Acid Deficiency a case report and review of the literature p6 024
Neurology, 2015Co-Authors: Takayuki Kosaka, Yoko Yoshida, Toshihiro Sakurai, Yanosuke Kouzaki, Tomohiro Takita, Chiaki AsaoAbstract:BACKGROUND: Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare alcohol-associated disorder characterized by symmetrical degeneration of the corpus callosum (CC). There have been few MRI studies of the cortical lesions (CL) in MBD, and its etiology remains unknown. DESIGN/METHODS: We report a 45-year-old Japanese man with gait disturbance, dysarthria and impaired consciousness. He had a long history of excessive intake of shochu, a Japanese clear liquor. RESULTS: Brain MRI revealed a high-intensity area in the splenium of the CC and in the frontoparietal cortices. CSF findings were normal. EEG showed diffuse slow waves without epileptiform discharge. On the basis of these findings, we diagnosed the patient as having MBD and started administration of vitamins including thiamine. However, his condition deteriorated, necessitating artificial respiratory support and intravenous hyperalimentation due to aspiration pneumonia and diarrhea. After detection of a low serum level of Nicotinic Acid (NA), NA was administered and this led to improvement of his signs and symptoms, neuroradiological findings, and serum NA level. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report to document the serum level of NA in MBD with CL. Coexistence of MBD and pellagra encephalopathy (PE), caused by Deficiency of NA, has already been reported in autopsy cases. It is also known that there is antagonism between thiamine and NA. We concluded that metabolic demand for thiamine accelerated the depletion of NA, eventually resulting in PE. Remarkably, no peripheral intravenous injectable NA preparation is yet available in Japan. We believe that MBD is a treatable neuroemergency disease. Recognition of MBD with CL and early treatment with vitamins including NA can improve the clinical outcome, and availability of a peripheral intravenous injectable NA preparation in Japan is urgently required. Disclosure: Dr. Kosaka has nothing to disclose. Dr. Yoshida has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sakurai has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kouzaki has nothing to disclose. Dr. Takita has nothing to disclose. Dr. Asao has nothing to disclose.
Omar Y Mousa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nicotinic Acid Deficiency
StatPearls, 2021Co-Authors: Tamara Y Mousa, Omar Y MousaAbstract:Niacin (vitamin B), also known as nicotinamide or Nicotinic Acid, is an essential water-soluble vitamin. It is important for the metabolism of macronutrients (carbohydrate, protein, and fat) due to being part of the NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and NADP (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) coenzymes. It is mainly found in protein-rich foods (e.g., cereals, legumes, meat, and milk) and yeast. The former food sources are high in tryptophan, which can be converted into niacin in the liver (60 mg tryptophan is needed to produce 1 mg niacin). The recommended daily allowances for niacin is 2 to 4 mg for infants, 6 to 8 mg for children, 12 mg for teenagers, 16 mg for men, 14 mg for women, and 17 and 18 mg for lactating and pregnant women, respectively.Dietary Deficiency of niacin results in pellagra. Pellagra was first described 250 years ago by the Spanish physician Don Gaspar Casal in 1763. It is characterized by dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and eventually death if not treated by giving niacin. This is why it is called the 3 D syndrome, or 4 Ds disease. However, diarrhea and dementia may not always be present. Recent studies also revealed that niacin Deficiency might be associated with Alzheimer, Parkinson, Huntington diseases, cognitive impairment, or schizophrenia. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial.
中島 信夫 - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A case of Nicotinic Acid Deficiency encephalopathy
中村記念病院, 1992Co-Authors: 中島 信夫, 田中 千春, 横尾 智子, 佐光 一也, 溝渕 雅広, 村上 宣人, 仁平 敦子, 伊藤 直樹Abstract:A 38-year-old woman with chronic alcoholism developed a disturbance of consciousness, cogwheel rigidity of the limbs, forced grasping and myoclonus. She recovered from the disturbance of consciousness with a high dose of Nicotinic Acid and multiple vitamins. Nicotinic Acid Deficiency encephalopathy is characterized by a disturbance of consciousness, cogwheel rigidity of the limbs, forced grasping, cerebellar ataxia, alcoholic delirium and polyneuritis first reported by Jolliffe et al (1940). This syndrome should be treated with multiple vitamins in addition to Nicotinic Acid, because Deficiency of a single vitamin is rare. Although it is rare in alcoholic patients, this treatable syndrome should always be considered in the presence of above symptoms and signs
Takayuki Kosaka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the etiology of cortical lesions in marchiafava bignami disease is Nicotinic Acid Deficiency a case report and review of the literature p6 024
Neurology, 2015Co-Authors: Takayuki Kosaka, Yoko Yoshida, Toshihiro Sakurai, Yanosuke Kouzaki, Tomohiro Takita, Chiaki AsaoAbstract:BACKGROUND: Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare alcohol-associated disorder characterized by symmetrical degeneration of the corpus callosum (CC). There have been few MRI studies of the cortical lesions (CL) in MBD, and its etiology remains unknown. DESIGN/METHODS: We report a 45-year-old Japanese man with gait disturbance, dysarthria and impaired consciousness. He had a long history of excessive intake of shochu, a Japanese clear liquor. RESULTS: Brain MRI revealed a high-intensity area in the splenium of the CC and in the frontoparietal cortices. CSF findings were normal. EEG showed diffuse slow waves without epileptiform discharge. On the basis of these findings, we diagnosed the patient as having MBD and started administration of vitamins including thiamine. However, his condition deteriorated, necessitating artificial respiratory support and intravenous hyperalimentation due to aspiration pneumonia and diarrhea. After detection of a low serum level of Nicotinic Acid (NA), NA was administered and this led to improvement of his signs and symptoms, neuroradiological findings, and serum NA level. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report to document the serum level of NA in MBD with CL. Coexistence of MBD and pellagra encephalopathy (PE), caused by Deficiency of NA, has already been reported in autopsy cases. It is also known that there is antagonism between thiamine and NA. We concluded that metabolic demand for thiamine accelerated the depletion of NA, eventually resulting in PE. Remarkably, no peripheral intravenous injectable NA preparation is yet available in Japan. We believe that MBD is a treatable neuroemergency disease. Recognition of MBD with CL and early treatment with vitamins including NA can improve the clinical outcome, and availability of a peripheral intravenous injectable NA preparation in Japan is urgently required. Disclosure: Dr. Kosaka has nothing to disclose. Dr. Yoshida has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sakurai has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kouzaki has nothing to disclose. Dr. Takita has nothing to disclose. Dr. Asao has nothing to disclose.