The Experts below are selected from a list of 189 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mohammad Mahdavi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Assessment of the Contribution of N-Fertilizers to Nitrate Pollution of Groundwater in Western Iran (Case Study: Ghorveh–Dehgelan Aquifer)
Water Quality Exposure and Health, 2015Co-Authors: Omid Rahmati, Aliakbar Nazari Samani, Nariman Mahmoodi, Mohammad MahdaviAbstract:Nitrate pollution of groundwater resources has increasingly become a global concern. Groundwater from the Ghorveh-Dehgelan aquifer serves as the main source of water supply for drinking and irrigation within the province of Kurdistan (western Iran). This study investigated (1) groundwater Nitrate status as well as the pollution sources and (2) the spatial extent of groundwater Nitrate pollution in the region. A total of 72 and 93 samples of groundwater were taken for measurement of Nitrate concentration during 2008 and 2013, respectively. Our results showed that 12 wells (12.9 %) exceeded the World Health Organization’s acceptable threshold (50 mg L $$^{-1})$$ - 1 ) in 2013. The detailed analysis of spatial distribution of the polluted wells revealed that all are located within areas of irrigated agriculture. In addition, our further investigation of annual fertilizer application and the spatial distribution of polluted wells revealed that input of artificial nitrogen Fertilizers to irrigated lands was strongly correlated to Nitrate concentration within groundwater in these areas. Moreover, the transportation of Nitrate through the aquifer has been mainly controlled by geology and pattern of groundwater flow, and therefore, groundwater flow should be taken into account for future quality management of the aquifer. The results of this study will provide useful guidelines for utilizing of Nitrate Fertilizers in regards to groundwater quality to avoid repeating the problem of groundwater Nitrate pollution.
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assessment of the contribution of n Fertilizers to Nitrate pollution of groundwater in western iran case study ghorveh dehgelan aquifer
Water Quality Exposure and Health, 2015Co-Authors: Omid Rahmati, Aliakbar Nazari Samani, Nariman Mahmoodi, Mohammad MahdaviAbstract:Nitrate pollution of groundwater resources has increasingly become a global concern. Groundwater from the Ghorveh-Dehgelan aquifer serves as the main source of water supply for drinking and irrigation within the province of Kurdistan (western Iran). This study investigated (1) groundwater Nitrate status as well as the pollution sources and (2) the spatial extent of groundwater Nitrate pollution in the region. A total of 72 and 93 samples of groundwater were taken for measurement of Nitrate concentration during 2008 and 2013, respectively. Our results showed that 12 wells (12.9 %) exceeded the World Health Organization’s acceptable threshold (50 mg L\(^{-1})\) in 2013. The detailed analysis of spatial distribution of the polluted wells revealed that all are located within areas of irrigated agriculture. In addition, our further investigation of annual fertilizer application and the spatial distribution of polluted wells revealed that input of artificial nitrogen Fertilizers to irrigated lands was strongly correlated to Nitrate concentration within groundwater in these areas. Moreover, the transportation of Nitrate through the aquifer has been mainly controlled by geology and pattern of groundwater flow, and therefore, groundwater flow should be taken into account for future quality management of the aquifer. The results of this study will provide useful guidelines for utilizing of Nitrate Fertilizers in regards to groundwater quality to avoid repeating the problem of groundwater Nitrate pollution.
Omid Rahmati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Assessment of the Contribution of N-Fertilizers to Nitrate Pollution of Groundwater in Western Iran (Case Study: Ghorveh–Dehgelan Aquifer)
Water Quality Exposure and Health, 2015Co-Authors: Omid Rahmati, Aliakbar Nazari Samani, Nariman Mahmoodi, Mohammad MahdaviAbstract:Nitrate pollution of groundwater resources has increasingly become a global concern. Groundwater from the Ghorveh-Dehgelan aquifer serves as the main source of water supply for drinking and irrigation within the province of Kurdistan (western Iran). This study investigated (1) groundwater Nitrate status as well as the pollution sources and (2) the spatial extent of groundwater Nitrate pollution in the region. A total of 72 and 93 samples of groundwater were taken for measurement of Nitrate concentration during 2008 and 2013, respectively. Our results showed that 12 wells (12.9 %) exceeded the World Health Organization’s acceptable threshold (50 mg L $$^{-1})$$ - 1 ) in 2013. The detailed analysis of spatial distribution of the polluted wells revealed that all are located within areas of irrigated agriculture. In addition, our further investigation of annual fertilizer application and the spatial distribution of polluted wells revealed that input of artificial nitrogen Fertilizers to irrigated lands was strongly correlated to Nitrate concentration within groundwater in these areas. Moreover, the transportation of Nitrate through the aquifer has been mainly controlled by geology and pattern of groundwater flow, and therefore, groundwater flow should be taken into account for future quality management of the aquifer. The results of this study will provide useful guidelines for utilizing of Nitrate Fertilizers in regards to groundwater quality to avoid repeating the problem of groundwater Nitrate pollution.
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assessment of the contribution of n Fertilizers to Nitrate pollution of groundwater in western iran case study ghorveh dehgelan aquifer
Water Quality Exposure and Health, 2015Co-Authors: Omid Rahmati, Aliakbar Nazari Samani, Nariman Mahmoodi, Mohammad MahdaviAbstract:Nitrate pollution of groundwater resources has increasingly become a global concern. Groundwater from the Ghorveh-Dehgelan aquifer serves as the main source of water supply for drinking and irrigation within the province of Kurdistan (western Iran). This study investigated (1) groundwater Nitrate status as well as the pollution sources and (2) the spatial extent of groundwater Nitrate pollution in the region. A total of 72 and 93 samples of groundwater were taken for measurement of Nitrate concentration during 2008 and 2013, respectively. Our results showed that 12 wells (12.9 %) exceeded the World Health Organization’s acceptable threshold (50 mg L\(^{-1})\) in 2013. The detailed analysis of spatial distribution of the polluted wells revealed that all are located within areas of irrigated agriculture. In addition, our further investigation of annual fertilizer application and the spatial distribution of polluted wells revealed that input of artificial nitrogen Fertilizers to irrigated lands was strongly correlated to Nitrate concentration within groundwater in these areas. Moreover, the transportation of Nitrate through the aquifer has been mainly controlled by geology and pattern of groundwater flow, and therefore, groundwater flow should be taken into account for future quality management of the aquifer. The results of this study will provide useful guidelines for utilizing of Nitrate Fertilizers in regards to groundwater quality to avoid repeating the problem of groundwater Nitrate pollution.
Carol Rowan West - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Basis of the Massachusetts Reference Dose and Drinking Water Standard for Perchlorate
Environmental health perspectives, 2010Co-Authors: Tsedash Zewdie, C. Mark Smith, Michael S. Hutcheson, Carol Rowan WestAbstract:Perchloric acid and most perchlorate salts, which are widely used as oxidants in aerospace fuels and explosives, readily dissolve in water generating the perchlorate anion, ClO4− (perchlorate). Perchlorate is persistent, exhibits poor affinity for soils, is highly mobile in groundwater, and has been detected nationally in groundwater and surface water associated with the aerospace industry, military bases, and blasting sites [Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MA DEP) 2005; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 2002c]. Other potential sources include fireworks, hypochlorite water disinfection products, and certain manufacturing processes (MA DEP 2005; U.S. EPA 2002c). Perchlorate compounds also occur naturally in Chilean Nitrate Fertilizers, evaporite soils, and the atmosphere (Dasgupta et al. 2005). Perchlorate is of toxicological concern because it interferes with iodide uptake in the thyroid and can disrupt the synthesis of thyroid hormones critical to normal growth, development, and other physiological functions [Greer et al. 2002; National Research Council (NRC) 2005; Yu et al. 2002]. Because of widespread environmental contamination, people can be exposed to perchlorate found in drinking water, breast milk, foods, and beverages. Many food items accumulate perchlorate from contaminated soil and water (Yu et al. 2004), and human biomonitoring data have demonstrated widespread exposures attributed to dietary sources [Blount et al. 2006b; El Aribi et al. 2006; Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 2009; Valentin-Blasini et al. 2005]. In 2001 and 2002, perchlorate was detected in groundwater at the Massachusetts Military Reservation and the town of Bourne on Cape Cod, respectively. Because no state or federal drinking water standard (DWS) (or maximum contaminant level) was available, MA DEP, with input from an independent science advisory committee (SAC), derived a reference dose (RfD) of 0.07 μg/kg/day for perchlorate using a weight-of-the-evidence approach that considered data from mode of action, human, and animal studies. An RfD provides an estimate of the daily dose of a chemical likely to be without deleterious effects over a lifetime, with uncertainty of about an order of magnitude (U.S. EPA 2002a). Following extensive public input, a MA perchlorate DWS of 2 μg/L was adopted in 2006. In this review, we summarize the scientific basis and risk management decisions supporting these values and compare the MA values with those derived by the NRC (RfD = 0.7 μg/kg/day), U.S. EPA [interim drinking water health advisory (IDWHA) = 15 μg/L], and California (DWS = 6 μg/L).
Ilias Kakanis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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life cycle assessment of Nitrate and compound Fertilizers production a case study
Sustainability, 2020Co-Authors: Georgios Gaidajis, Ilias KakanisAbstract:The production and utilization of Fertilizers are processes with known and noteworthy environmental impacts. Direct greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and a high contribution to water eutrophication due to the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) derivatives are some of the most crucial impacts derived from the overall life cycle of fertilizer use. The life cycle assessment (LCA) has been reliable and analytical tool for the identification, quantification, and evaluation of potential environmental impacts of Fertilizers related to the products, production processes, or activities throughout their lifecycle. In this paper, a gate-to-gate LCA approach was applied in order to identify and evaluate the impacts derived from the production processes of Nitrate and compound Fertilizers the production industry in Northeastern Greece. The results from this study prove that compound Fertilizers have a greater impact compared with Nitrate Fertilizers, contributing up to 70% of the total production impacts. Furthermore, climate change, freshwater eutrophication, and fossil fuel depletion were identified as the most crucial impact categories. Finally, a comparison with relevant LCA studies was conducted, in order to identify the possibility of a consistency pattern of the fertilizer production impacts in general.
Aliakbar Nazari Samani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Assessment of the Contribution of N-Fertilizers to Nitrate Pollution of Groundwater in Western Iran (Case Study: Ghorveh–Dehgelan Aquifer)
Water Quality Exposure and Health, 2015Co-Authors: Omid Rahmati, Aliakbar Nazari Samani, Nariman Mahmoodi, Mohammad MahdaviAbstract:Nitrate pollution of groundwater resources has increasingly become a global concern. Groundwater from the Ghorveh-Dehgelan aquifer serves as the main source of water supply for drinking and irrigation within the province of Kurdistan (western Iran). This study investigated (1) groundwater Nitrate status as well as the pollution sources and (2) the spatial extent of groundwater Nitrate pollution in the region. A total of 72 and 93 samples of groundwater were taken for measurement of Nitrate concentration during 2008 and 2013, respectively. Our results showed that 12 wells (12.9 %) exceeded the World Health Organization’s acceptable threshold (50 mg L $$^{-1})$$ - 1 ) in 2013. The detailed analysis of spatial distribution of the polluted wells revealed that all are located within areas of irrigated agriculture. In addition, our further investigation of annual fertilizer application and the spatial distribution of polluted wells revealed that input of artificial nitrogen Fertilizers to irrigated lands was strongly correlated to Nitrate concentration within groundwater in these areas. Moreover, the transportation of Nitrate through the aquifer has been mainly controlled by geology and pattern of groundwater flow, and therefore, groundwater flow should be taken into account for future quality management of the aquifer. The results of this study will provide useful guidelines for utilizing of Nitrate Fertilizers in regards to groundwater quality to avoid repeating the problem of groundwater Nitrate pollution.
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assessment of the contribution of n Fertilizers to Nitrate pollution of groundwater in western iran case study ghorveh dehgelan aquifer
Water Quality Exposure and Health, 2015Co-Authors: Omid Rahmati, Aliakbar Nazari Samani, Nariman Mahmoodi, Mohammad MahdaviAbstract:Nitrate pollution of groundwater resources has increasingly become a global concern. Groundwater from the Ghorveh-Dehgelan aquifer serves as the main source of water supply for drinking and irrigation within the province of Kurdistan (western Iran). This study investigated (1) groundwater Nitrate status as well as the pollution sources and (2) the spatial extent of groundwater Nitrate pollution in the region. A total of 72 and 93 samples of groundwater were taken for measurement of Nitrate concentration during 2008 and 2013, respectively. Our results showed that 12 wells (12.9 %) exceeded the World Health Organization’s acceptable threshold (50 mg L\(^{-1})\) in 2013. The detailed analysis of spatial distribution of the polluted wells revealed that all are located within areas of irrigated agriculture. In addition, our further investigation of annual fertilizer application and the spatial distribution of polluted wells revealed that input of artificial nitrogen Fertilizers to irrigated lands was strongly correlated to Nitrate concentration within groundwater in these areas. Moreover, the transportation of Nitrate through the aquifer has been mainly controlled by geology and pattern of groundwater flow, and therefore, groundwater flow should be taken into account for future quality management of the aquifer. The results of this study will provide useful guidelines for utilizing of Nitrate Fertilizers in regards to groundwater quality to avoid repeating the problem of groundwater Nitrate pollution.