The Experts below are selected from a list of 38931 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Sai Ramani Garimella - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Normative Structure for criminalising corruption the south asian experience
Social Science Research Network, 2014Co-Authors: Sai Ramani GarimellaAbstract:International efforts addressing graft issues have largely been centred on the human rights discourse. The UN Convention against Corruption has mandated member states to establish a legal regime founded upon addressing corruption as a violation of human rights. South Asian countries have largely founded their anti-corruption activities on penalisation of corrupt behaviour. The UNODC has been found to be an important help in the capacity building mechanism against corruption in this region. This research paper aims at chronicling the efforts of a few South Asian countries on lines of the UNCAC mandate.
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the bangladesh war crimes trials strengthening Normative Structure
Social Science Research Network, 2013Co-Authors: Sai Ramani GarimellaAbstract:Post-Nuremberg there has been an interesting variety of criminal justice mechanisms to ensure avoidance of impunity for war crimes. Apart from the ICTY, ICTR mechanisms and the ICC, States have also exercised sovereign territorial right to try war crimes. State interests and international concern aiming at ensuring avoidance of impunity can be effectively blended in the institution and applicable law too, like was done in Kosovo, Timor and Cambodia. Handled by international community it could restore the credibility of the State's intention to try war crimes. Bangladesh’s law on punishing war crimes during the liberation war has come in for much criticism for its features that are against the fundamental due process norms that apply across the diversity of justice mechanisms. This research paper looks at the recent judgment of the ICT in Bangladesh from the perspective of the due process concerns and presents the hybrid tribunals as an alternative methodology for criminalizing war crimes in Bangladesh legislation.
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the bangladesh war crimes trials strengthening Normative Structure
Journal of Law Policy and Globalization, 2013Co-Authors: Sai Ramani GarimellaAbstract:Post-Nuremberg there has been an interesting variety of criminal justice mechanisms to ensure avoidance of impunity for war crimes. Apart from the ICTY, ICTR mechanisms and the ICC, States have also exercised sovereign territorial right to try war crimes. State interests and international concern aiming at ensuring avoidance of impunity can be effectively blended in the institution and applicable law too, like was done in Kosovo, Timor and Cambodia. Handled by international community it could restore the credibility of the State's intention to try war crimes. Bangladesh’s law on punishing war crimes during the liberation war has come in for much criticism for its features that are against the fundamental due process norms that apply across the diversity of justice mechanisms. This research paper looks at the recent judgment of the ICT in Bangladesh from the perspective of the due process concerns and presents the hybrid tribunals as an alternative methodology for criminalizing war crimes in Bangladesh legislation. Key words : international humanitarian law, war crimes, Bangladesh, ICTA, 1973, hybrid tribunals
Michael Tomasello - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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preschoolers understand the normativity of cooperatively Structured competition
Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2016Co-Authors: Marco F H Schmidt, Susanne Hardecker, Michael TomaselloAbstract:Human institutional practices often involve competition within a cooperative Structure of mutually accepted rules. In a competitive game, for instance, we not only expect adherence to the rules of the game but also expect an opponent who tries to win and, thus, follows a rational game-playing strategy. We had 3- and 5-year-olds (N=48) play for a prize against an opponent (a puppet) who played either rationally (trying to win) or irrationally (helping the children to win) while either following or breaking the rules of the game. Both age groups performed costly protest against an opponent who followed the rules but played irrationally by helping the children to win. When facing a rule-breaking opponent, 3-year-olds protested only the rule breaches of an irrational opponent but not irrational play. Five-year-olds also protested the rule breaches of a rational opponent, but in contrast to the 3-year-olds, they protested irrational behavior even in the context of rule breaches. Moreover, many children, in particular 3-year-olds, refrained from protesting. These findings suggest that 5-year-olds, but not 3-year-olds, fully understand the dual-level Normative Structure of cooperatively regulated competition.
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the sources of normativity young children s awareness of the Normative Structure of games
Developmental Psychology, 2008Co-Authors: Hannes Rakoczy, Felix Warneken, Michael TomaselloAbstract:In two studies, the authors investigated 2- and 3-year-old children’s awareness of the Normative Structure of conventional games. In the target conditions, an experimenter showed a child how to play a simple rule game. After the child and the experimenter had played for a while, a puppet came (controlled by a 2nd experimenter), asked to join in, and then performed an action that constituted a mistake in the game. In control conditions, the puppet performed the exact same action as in the experimental conditions, but the context was different such that this act did not constitute a mistake. Children’s Normative responses to the puppet’s acts (e.g., protest, critique, or teaching) were scored. Both age groups performed more Normative responses in the target than in the control conditions, but the 3-year-olds did so on a more explicit level. These studies demonstrate in a particularly strong way that even very young children have some grasp of the Normative Structure of conventional activities.
Hannes Rakoczy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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taking fiction seriously young children understand the Normative Structure of joint pretence games
Developmental Psychology, 2008Co-Authors: Hannes RakoczyAbstract:Joint pretence games are implicit rule-governed activities with a Normative Structure: Given shared fictional stipulations, some acts are appropriate moves, others are inappropriate (i.e., mistakes). The awareness of 2- and 3-year-old children of this Normative Structure was explored, as indicated by their ability to not only act according to the rules themselves but to spontaneously protest against 3rd party rule violations. After the child and a 2nd person had set up a pretence scenario, a 3rd character (a puppet controlled by another experimenter) joined the game and performed acts either appropriate or inappropriate to the scenario set-up. Children in both age groups protested specifically against inappropriate acts, indicating they were able to not only follow pretence stipulations and act in accordance with them but to understand their deontic implications. This effect was more pronounced in the 3-year-olds than in the 2-year-olds. The results are discussed in the broader context of the development of social understanding and cultural learning.
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the sources of normativity young children s awareness of the Normative Structure of games
Developmental Psychology, 2008Co-Authors: Hannes Rakoczy, Felix Warneken, Michael TomaselloAbstract:In two studies, the authors investigated 2- and 3-year-old children’s awareness of the Normative Structure of conventional games. In the target conditions, an experimenter showed a child how to play a simple rule game. After the child and the experimenter had played for a while, a puppet came (controlled by a 2nd experimenter), asked to join in, and then performed an action that constituted a mistake in the game. In control conditions, the puppet performed the exact same action as in the experimental conditions, but the context was different such that this act did not constitute a mistake. Children’s Normative responses to the puppet’s acts (e.g., protest, critique, or teaching) were scored. Both age groups performed more Normative responses in the target than in the control conditions, but the 3-year-olds did so on a more explicit level. These studies demonstrate in a particularly strong way that even very young children have some grasp of the Normative Structure of conventional activities.
William S Laufer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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is formal ethics training merely cosmetic a study of ethics training and ethical organizational culture
Business Ethics Quarterly, 2014Co-Authors: Danielle E Warren, Joseph P Gaspar, William S LauferAbstract:U.S. Organizational Sentencing Guidelines provide firms with incentives to develop formal ethics programs to promote ethical organizational cultures and thereby decrease corporate offenses. Yet critics argue such programs are cosmetic. Here we studied bank employees before and after the introduction of formal ethics training-an important component of formal ethics programs-to examine the effects of training on ethical organizational culture. Two years after a single training session, we find sustained, positive effects on indicators of an ethical organizational culture (observed unethical behavior, intentions to behave ethically, perceptions of organizational efficacy in managing ethics, and the firm's Normative Structure). While espoused organizational values also rose in importance post-training, the boost dissipated after the second year which suggests perceptions of values are not driving sustained behavioral improvements. This finding conflicts with past theory which asserts that enduring behavioral improvements arise from the inculcation of organizational values. Implications for future research are discussed.
Leighton Mcdonald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Normative Structure of australian administrative law
Federal law review, 2017Co-Authors: Will Bateman, Leighton McdonaldAbstract:This article analyses the Normative Structure of Australian administrative law through the prism of two distinct intellectual approaches to the law of judicial review: the ‘grounds approach’ and th...
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the Normative Structure of australian administrative law
Federal law review, 2017Co-Authors: Will Bateman, Leighton McdonaldAbstract:This article analyses the Normative Structure of Australian administrative law through the prism of two distinct intellectual approaches to the law of judicial review: the 'grounds approach' and the 'statutory approach'. We explore the development of both approaches and track the contemporary ascendance of the statutory approach in light of the political and constitutional context within which the practice of judicial review is situated. We then reflect on the ways that each responds to two central legitimacy problems which must be confronted by modern administrative law: the democratic legitimacy of judicial review and the legitimacy of the forms of law associated with contemporary administrative government.
