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Eman Hamdan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Ron Macnab - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • chapter 47 extending coastal state boUNdaries into the central arctic ocean outer continental shelves beyond 200 nautical miles and the quest for hydrocarbons
    Geological Society London Memoirs, 2011
    Co-Authors: Christian Marcussen, Ron Macnab
    Abstract:

    Abstract Five Arctic coastal states – Canada, Denmark (on behalf of Greenland), Norway, Russia and the UNited States – are qualified to define Outer Continental Shelves beyond 200 nautical miles in the central Arctic Ocean, in accordance with the provisions of Article 76 of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. This paper provides an overview of recent and ongoing initiatives by those states, describing operational difficulties and offering a regional preview of possible outcomes. For the most part, the process is driven by a desire to expand national control over resources of the seabed, but recent appraisals suggest that the areas of interest are UNlikely to contain significant and commercially exploitable quantities of hydrocarbons.

Nele Matzluck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • planting the flag in arctic waters russia s claim to the north pole
    Social Science Research Network, 2009
    Co-Authors: Nele Matzluck
    Abstract:

    With its demonstrative setting of a Russian Flag on the seabed in the Arctic Ocean outside the 200 nautical miles limitation of the continental shelf in 2007, the Russian Federation has fuelled discussions on claims concerning the outer continental shelf by Arctic rim-States. Although the planting of the flag on the ocean floor is irrelevant UNder international law, it reveals a political attitude that may make agreement and co-operation concerning the different demands more difficult. The disputes on the boUNdaries of the outer continental shelf cannot finally be settled by the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf or by dispute settlement UNder the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea but only by agreement amongst the parties themselves.

Christine Jojarth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • crime war and global trafficking designing international cooperation
    2009
    Co-Authors: Christine Jojarth
    Abstract:

    1. Introduction 2. The concept of legalization 3. Problem constellation 4. Narcotic drugs: UN Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances 5. Money laUNdering: the Financial Action Task Force and its Forty Recommendations 6. Conflict diamonds: the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme 7. Small arms and light weapons: the UNited Nations Program of Action 8. Conclusion.

  • crime war and global trafficking narcotic drugs UN Convention against illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances
    2009
    Co-Authors: Christine Jojarth
    Abstract:

    Today's war on terror is stealing the headlines of another fuzzy war the world is fighting against a non-Conventional enemy: the war on drugs. Illicit drugs are a prototypical case of a problem stretching all across the blurred crime–war continuum. On the one hand, narcotics are associated with problems that fall clearly within the crime category, such as crimes committed UNder the influence of drugs. Not a day passes without the tabloids reporting new sensational stories about a crack addict battering an innocent victim. On the other hand, drugs have also triggered and sustained a number of prominent inter-state and intra-state wars. The tense stand-off between Colombia and its neighbors Venezuela and Ecuador is just the most recent manifestation of the bellicose dimension of the drugs industry. The extra-territorial killing of a senior leader of Colombia's most notorious narco-guerrilla group has led Latin America close to a cross-border war (The Economist 2008). In this chapter, I will explore the violent side of this half-trillion-dollar business and assess the extent to which the architecture of the international institution created in response – namely the UNited Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of 1988 – provides the optimal governance structure for dealing with the problem. The starkly contrasting ways and degrees of intensity with which different states are affected by the problem and the scarcity of reliable information on industry trends and on governments' control efforts suggest hard law to be the best design option.

Graham Thornicroft - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • reversing hard won victories in the name of human rights a critique of the general comment on article 12 of the UN Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities
    The Lancet Psychiatry, 2015
    Co-Authors: Melvyn Freeman, Benedetto Saraceno, Kavitha Kolappa, Jose Miguel Caldas De Almeida, Arthur Kleinman, Nino Makhashvili, Sifiso Phakathi, Graham Thornicroft
    Abstract:

    Summary The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) is a major milestone in safeguarding the rights of persons with disabilities. However, the General Comment on Article 12 of the CRPD threatens to UNdermine critical rights for persons with mental disabilities, including the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health, access to justice, the right to liberty, and the right to life. Stigma and discrimination might also increase. Much hinges on the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities' view that all persons have legal capacity at all times irrespective of mental status, and hence involUNtary admission and treatment, substitute decision-making, and diversion from the criminal justice system are deemed indefensible. The General Comment requires urgent consideration with the full participation of practitioners and a broad range of user and family groups.