The Experts below are selected from a list of 171 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Andrew Gelman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Laplace’s Theories of Cognitive Illusions, Heuristics and Biases
Statistical Science, 2020Co-Authors: Joshua B. Miller, Andrew GelmanAbstract:In his book from the early 1800s, Essai Philosophique sur les Probabilites, the mathematician Pierre-Simon de Laplace anticipated many ideas developed within the past 50 years in cognitive psychology and behavioral economics, explaining human tendencies to deviate from Norms of Rationality in the presence of probability and uncertainty. A look at Laplace’s theories and reasoning is striking, both in how modern they seem, how much progress he made without the benefit of systematic experimentation, and the novelty of a few of his unexplored conjectures. We argue that this work points to these theories being more fundamental and less contingent on recent experimental findings than we might have thought.
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Laplace's Theories of Cognitive Illusions, Heuristics, and Biases
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Joshua B. Miller, Andrew GelmanAbstract:In his book from the early 1800s, Essai Philosophique sur les Probabilites, the mathematician Pierre-Simon de Laplace anticipated many ideas developed in the 1970s in cognitive psychology and behavioral economics, explaining human tendencies to deviate from Norms of Rationality in the presence of probability and uncertainty. A look at Laplace's theories and reasoning is striking, both in how modern they seem and in how much progress he made without the benefit of systematic experimentation. We argue that this work points to these theories being more fundamental and less contingent on recent experimental findings than we might have thought.
Marjolein Van Offenbeek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Shaping a buyer’s software selection process through tendering legislation
Information Systems Journal, 2017Co-Authors: Albert Boonstra, Marjolein Van OffenbeekAbstract:Tendering legislation aims to enhance competitiveness by promoting equality, proportionality, transparency, and non‐discrimination. Such legislation applies to the procurement of software packages by public institutions in many countries. This study explores how tendering legislation shapes a buyer's software selection process through the lens of competing decision‐making rationalities. From the literature, 3 rationalities enacted in software selection are deduced that we relate to the software selection literature regarding tendering legislation. Through this lens, we subsequently examine how a large health care provider selected a supplier for an electronic health record system after an extensive tendering process. Many health care professionals within this organization were in favour of a particular software package. Yet, the organization purchased a different package from a relatively unknown supplier, the implementation of which failed. The actors involved experienced shaping on 5 decisionmaking themes, the implications of which are evaluated against the functional, economic, and political Rationality Norms derived from the literature. The findings suggest that compliance with tendering legislation over the public procurement of software results in increased legal complexity, greater linearity and objectivity, more extensive formalization, and less relational communication. Functional Norms of Rationality are stressed, seemingly to balance the enforced economic Norms of Rationality and to compensate for the decreased room for political Rationality. Even so, the shaping by the tendering legislation threatens functional Rationality. Ultimately functional and economic Norms of Rationality win over political Rationality, yet the latter still dribbles through, albeit in a different guise than reported for software selection in general.
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ECIS - HOW EUROPEAN TENDERING LEGISLATION AFFECTS SofTWARE SELECTION
2014Co-Authors: Albert Boonstra, Marjolein Van OffenbeekAbstract:European tendering legislation aims to enhance competitiveness by promoting equality, proportionality, transparency and non-discrimination. This legislation applies to the purchase of software packages by large public institutions. This study aims to clarify how this tendering legislation shapes software selection processes. By examining the selection of a strategically important software package at a professional service organization, this study provides initial evidence on how the decision-making process in software selection is affected by the tendering process in terms of the following dimensions: 1) juridification, 2) objectivity, 3) linearity, 4) formalization and 5) communication. The decision-making quality of this tendering process is evaluated from the buyer’s perspective against functional, economic and political Norms of Rationality. From each of these rationalities, the tendered software selection process results in losses as well as gains. A notable finding is that tendering does not exclude political manoeuvring, with power and influence practiced in other ways.
Glenn R. Carroll - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Conflicting Social Codes and Organizations: Hygiene and Authenticity in Consumer Evaluations of Restaurants
2014Co-Authors: David W. Lehman, Balázs Kovács, Glenn R. CarrollAbstract:Organization theory highlights the spread of Norms of Rationality in contemporary life. Yet Rationality does not always spread without friction; individuals often act based on other beliefs and Norms. We explore this problem in the context of restaurants and diners. We argue that consumers potentially apply either of two social codes when forming value judgments about restaurants: (1) an apparently rational science-based code of hygiene involving compliance with local health regulations or (2) a context-activated code of authenticity involving conformity to cultural Norms. We propose that violations of the hygiene code recede in importance when the authenticity code is activated. This claim is supported by empirical analyses of 442,086 online consumer reviews and 52,740 governmental health inspections conducted from 2004 to 2011.
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Conflicting Social Codes and Organizations: Hygiene and Authenticity in Consumer Evaluations of Restaurants
Management Science, 2014Co-Authors: David W. Lehman, Balázs Kovács, Glenn R. CarrollAbstract:Organization theory highlights the spread of Norms of Rationality in contemporary life. Yet Rationality does not always spread without friction; individuals often act based on other beliefs and Norms. We explore this problem in the context of restaurants and diners. We argue that consumers potentially apply either of two social codes when forming value judgments about restaurants: (1) an apparently rational science-based code of hygiene involving compliance with local health regulations or (2) a context-activated code of authenticity involving conformity to cultural Norms. We propose that violations of the hygiene code recede in importance when the authenticity code is activated. This claim is supported by empirical analyses of 442,086 online consumer reviews and 52,740 governmental health inspections conducted from 2004 to 2011. This paper was accepted by Gerard P. Cachon, organizations .
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On How Hygiene and Authenticity Shape Consumer Evaluations of Restaurants
Academy of Management Proceedings, 2013Co-Authors: David W. Lehman, Balázs Kovács, Glenn R. CarrollAbstract:Institutional theory highlights the spread of Norms of Rationality in organizations and other aspects of contemporary life. Yet the spread of Rationality does not always proceed without friction; i...
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On How Hygiene and Authenticity Shape Consumer Evaluations of Restaurants
Academy of Management Proceedings, 2013Co-Authors: David W. Lehman, Balázs Kovács, Glenn R. CarrollAbstract:Institutional theory highlights the spread of Norms of Rationality in organizations and other aspects of contemporary life. Yet the spread of Rationality does not always proceed without friction; in some contexts, individuals act on the basis of other beliefs and values. This paper explores a specific instance of this general issue in the context of restaurants and their diners. We argue that consumers potentially apply either of two different social codes when forming value judgments about restaurants: an apparently rational science-based code of hygiene involving compliance with food safety regulations or a context-activated code of authenticity involving conformity to cultural rules. Following institutional theory, we argue that consumers rely on the former as the default for which compliance is taken for granted. However, drawing on attention- based perspectives of decision-making, we go on to argue that violation of the default code recedes in importance when the authenticity code is activated. We ar...
Joshua B. Miller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Laplace’s Theories of Cognitive Illusions, Heuristics and Biases
Statistical Science, 2020Co-Authors: Joshua B. Miller, Andrew GelmanAbstract:In his book from the early 1800s, Essai Philosophique sur les Probabilites, the mathematician Pierre-Simon de Laplace anticipated many ideas developed within the past 50 years in cognitive psychology and behavioral economics, explaining human tendencies to deviate from Norms of Rationality in the presence of probability and uncertainty. A look at Laplace’s theories and reasoning is striking, both in how modern they seem, how much progress he made without the benefit of systematic experimentation, and the novelty of a few of his unexplored conjectures. We argue that this work points to these theories being more fundamental and less contingent on recent experimental findings than we might have thought.
-
Laplace's Theories of Cognitive Illusions, Heuristics, and Biases
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Joshua B. Miller, Andrew GelmanAbstract:In his book from the early 1800s, Essai Philosophique sur les Probabilites, the mathematician Pierre-Simon de Laplace anticipated many ideas developed in the 1970s in cognitive psychology and behavioral economics, explaining human tendencies to deviate from Norms of Rationality in the presence of probability and uncertainty. A look at Laplace's theories and reasoning is striking, both in how modern they seem and in how much progress he made without the benefit of systematic experimentation. We argue that this work points to these theories being more fundamental and less contingent on recent experimental findings than we might have thought.
Albert Boonstra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Shaping a buyer’s software selection process through tendering legislation
Information Systems Journal, 2017Co-Authors: Albert Boonstra, Marjolein Van OffenbeekAbstract:Tendering legislation aims to enhance competitiveness by promoting equality, proportionality, transparency, and non‐discrimination. Such legislation applies to the procurement of software packages by public institutions in many countries. This study explores how tendering legislation shapes a buyer's software selection process through the lens of competing decision‐making rationalities. From the literature, 3 rationalities enacted in software selection are deduced that we relate to the software selection literature regarding tendering legislation. Through this lens, we subsequently examine how a large health care provider selected a supplier for an electronic health record system after an extensive tendering process. Many health care professionals within this organization were in favour of a particular software package. Yet, the organization purchased a different package from a relatively unknown supplier, the implementation of which failed. The actors involved experienced shaping on 5 decisionmaking themes, the implications of which are evaluated against the functional, economic, and political Rationality Norms derived from the literature. The findings suggest that compliance with tendering legislation over the public procurement of software results in increased legal complexity, greater linearity and objectivity, more extensive formalization, and less relational communication. Functional Norms of Rationality are stressed, seemingly to balance the enforced economic Norms of Rationality and to compensate for the decreased room for political Rationality. Even so, the shaping by the tendering legislation threatens functional Rationality. Ultimately functional and economic Norms of Rationality win over political Rationality, yet the latter still dribbles through, albeit in a different guise than reported for software selection in general.
-
ECIS - HOW EUROPEAN TENDERING LEGISLATION AFFECTS SofTWARE SELECTION
2014Co-Authors: Albert Boonstra, Marjolein Van OffenbeekAbstract:European tendering legislation aims to enhance competitiveness by promoting equality, proportionality, transparency and non-discrimination. This legislation applies to the purchase of software packages by large public institutions. This study aims to clarify how this tendering legislation shapes software selection processes. By examining the selection of a strategically important software package at a professional service organization, this study provides initial evidence on how the decision-making process in software selection is affected by the tendering process in terms of the following dimensions: 1) juridification, 2) objectivity, 3) linearity, 4) formalization and 5) communication. The decision-making quality of this tendering process is evaluated from the buyer’s perspective against functional, economic and political Norms of Rationality. From each of these rationalities, the tendered software selection process results in losses as well as gains. A notable finding is that tendering does not exclude political manoeuvring, with power and influence practiced in other ways.