The Experts below are selected from a list of 180 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Joel R Coats - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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three molecules found in rosemary or Nutmeg essential Oils repel ticks dermacentor variabilis more effectively than deet in a no human assay
Pest Management Science, 2021Co-Authors: Colin R Wong, Kylie Crystal, Joel R CoatsAbstract:BACKGROUND Development of new personal repellents to prevent tick bites is progressing to keep up with the increasing threat of tick-borne diseases in humans. However, the market share of natural, plant-based repellents is still quite small. We tested all of the major (>1%) components found in the essential Oils of rosemary (Spanish variety) and Nutmeg. These were tested with Dermacentor variabilis ticks, a robust tick capable of vectoring human diseases, in a no-human horizontal Petri dish assay. For comparison, we also tested the active ingredients currently recommended by the CDC and EPA as personal repellents for use against ticks. RESULTS Of the 16 Oil components tested, three performed significantly better than N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) in our assay. These compounds were myristicin and safrole found in the Nutmeg Oil, and terpinolene found in Nutmeg Oil and as a minor (<1%) constituent of rosemary Oil. The current market natural product, 2-undecanone, also performed strongly in our assay. CONCLUSIONS Our assay focused on comparing active ingredients as potential repellents and found that many natural products can elicit a strong response from ticks. Terpinolene is the most promising active ingredient identified, owing to human health concerns regarding myristicin and safrole. Our results from examining individual terpenoids from two essential Oils suggest that there remain unexploited natural compounds that could be further developed for new personal tick repellents. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
Colin R Wong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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three molecules found in rosemary or Nutmeg essential Oils repel ticks dermacentor variabilis more effectively than deet in a no human assay
Pest Management Science, 2021Co-Authors: Colin R Wong, Kylie Crystal, Joel R CoatsAbstract:BACKGROUND Development of new personal repellents to prevent tick bites is progressing to keep up with the increasing threat of tick-borne diseases in humans. However, the market share of natural, plant-based repellents is still quite small. We tested all of the major (>1%) components found in the essential Oils of rosemary (Spanish variety) and Nutmeg. These were tested with Dermacentor variabilis ticks, a robust tick capable of vectoring human diseases, in a no-human horizontal Petri dish assay. For comparison, we also tested the active ingredients currently recommended by the CDC and EPA as personal repellents for use against ticks. RESULTS Of the 16 Oil components tested, three performed significantly better than N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) in our assay. These compounds were myristicin and safrole found in the Nutmeg Oil, and terpinolene found in Nutmeg Oil and as a minor (<1%) constituent of rosemary Oil. The current market natural product, 2-undecanone, also performed strongly in our assay. CONCLUSIONS Our assay focused on comparing active ingredients as potential repellents and found that many natural products can elicit a strong response from ticks. Terpinolene is the most promising active ingredient identified, owing to human health concerns regarding myristicin and safrole. Our results from examining individual terpenoids from two essential Oils suggest that there remain unexploited natural compounds that could be further developed for new personal tick repellents. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
Vuanghao Lim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biocompatible Nutmeg Oil loaded nanoemulsion as phyto repellent
Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2020Co-Authors: Masturah Mohd Narawi, Hock Ing Chiu, Yoke Keong Yong, Nur Nadhirah Mohamad Zain, Muggundha Raoov Ramachandran, Chau Ling Tham, Siti Fatimah Samsurrijal, Vuanghao LimAbstract:Plant essential Oils are widely used in perfumes and insect repellent products. However, due to the high volatility of the constituents in essential Oils, their efficacy as a repellent product is less effective than that of synthetic compounds. Using a nanoemulsion as a carrier is one way to overcome this disadvantage of essential Oils. Nutmeg Oil-loaded nanoemulsion (NT) was prepared using a high speed homogenizer and sonicator with varying amounts of surfactant, glycerol, and distilled water. Using a phase diagram, different formulations were tested for their droplet size and insect repellent activity. The nanoemulsion containing 6.25% surfactant and 91.25% glycerol (NT 6) had the highest percentage of protection (87.81%) in terms of repellent activity among the formulations tested for the 8 h duration of the experiment. The droplet size of NT 6 was 217.4 nm, and its polydispersity index (PDI) was 0.248. The zeta potential value was -44.2 mV, and the viscosity was 2.49 Pa.s at pH 5.6. The in vitro release profile was 71.5%. When the cytotoxicity of NT 6 at 400 μg/mL was tested using the MTS assay, cell viability was 97.38%. Physical appearance and stability of the nanoemulsion improved with the addition of glycerol as a co-solvent. In summary, a Nutmeg Oil-loaded nanoemulsion was successfully formulated and its controlled release of the essential Oil showed mosquito repellent activity, thus eliminating the disadvantages of essential Oils.
Kylie Crystal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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three molecules found in rosemary or Nutmeg essential Oils repel ticks dermacentor variabilis more effectively than deet in a no human assay
Pest Management Science, 2021Co-Authors: Colin R Wong, Kylie Crystal, Joel R CoatsAbstract:BACKGROUND Development of new personal repellents to prevent tick bites is progressing to keep up with the increasing threat of tick-borne diseases in humans. However, the market share of natural, plant-based repellents is still quite small. We tested all of the major (>1%) components found in the essential Oils of rosemary (Spanish variety) and Nutmeg. These were tested with Dermacentor variabilis ticks, a robust tick capable of vectoring human diseases, in a no-human horizontal Petri dish assay. For comparison, we also tested the active ingredients currently recommended by the CDC and EPA as personal repellents for use against ticks. RESULTS Of the 16 Oil components tested, three performed significantly better than N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) in our assay. These compounds were myristicin and safrole found in the Nutmeg Oil, and terpinolene found in Nutmeg Oil and as a minor (<1%) constituent of rosemary Oil. The current market natural product, 2-undecanone, also performed strongly in our assay. CONCLUSIONS Our assay focused on comparing active ingredients as potential repellents and found that many natural products can elicit a strong response from ticks. Terpinolene is the most promising active ingredient identified, owing to human health concerns regarding myristicin and safrole. Our results from examining individual terpenoids from two essential Oils suggest that there remain unexploited natural compounds that could be further developed for new personal tick repellents. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
Tsutomu Hirose - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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supercritical co2 extraction of Nutmeg Oil experiments and modeling
Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2006Co-Authors: Siti Machmudah, Anny Sulaswatty, Mitsuru Sasaki, Motonobu Goto, Tsutomu HiroseAbstract:Abstract Nutmeg Oil was extracted from Nutmeg seed at pressures of 15–20 MPa and temperatures of 313–323 K with supercritical CO2. The effects of separation parameters such as temperature, pressure, CO2 flow rate and particle size on the extraction rate of Nutmeg Oil were observed. Broken and intact cells (BIC) model combined with discontinuous phase equilibrium between fluid phase and solid phase, and shrinking core model were selected to describe the extraction process. For BIC model, the initial fraction solute in broken cell to total solute in the ground particle f, dimensionless transition concentration Xc and partition coefficient K were used as fitting parameters. For shrinking core model, two effective diffusivities De were used as fitting parameters. The best fitting of De1 was from 4.33 × 10−9 to 7.69 × 10−8 m2/s and De2 was from 1.90 × 10−9 to 3.20 × 10−8 m2/s. From comparison of experimental data and models calculation, the shrinking core model could describe the experimental data well for all extraction conditions, while the BIC model could only describe the data at lower extraction yields well.
