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L Roza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Nutritional skin care health effects of micronutrients and fatty acids
    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2001
    Co-Authors: Esther Boelsma, H F J Hendriks, L Roza
    Abstract:

    Human skin is continuously exposed to internal and external influences that may alter its condition and functioning. As a consequence, the skin may undergo alterations leading to photoaging, inflammation, immune dysfunction, imbalanced epidermal homeostasis, or other skin disorders. Modern Nutritional Science is developing new insights into the relation between food intake and health, and effects of food ingredients may prove to be biologically relevant for optimal skin condition. The objective of this review was to evaluate the present knowledge about the interrelation of nutrients and skin, particularly the photoprotective effects of nutrients, the influences of nutrients on cutaneous immune responses, and therapeutic actions of nutrients in skin disorders. The nutrients of focus were vitamins, carotenoids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Supplementation with these nutrients was shown to provide protection against ultraviolet light, although the sun-protection factor was relatively small compared with that of topical sunscreens. An increase in delayed-type hypersensitivity skin responses after supplementation with nutrients has proven beneficial, especially in elderly people, and may boost cell-mediated immunity. Dietary consumption of certain plants or fish oil is known to modulate the balance of lipid inflammatory mediators and, therefore, is valuable in the treatment of inflammatory skin disorders. It was concluded that Nutritional factors exert promising actions on the skin, but information on the effects of low-to-moderate doses of nutrients consumed long term by healthy individuals is obviously lacking, as are data on direct effects on basal skin properties, including hydration, sebum production, and elasticity.

  • Nutritional skin care health effects of micronutrients and fatty acids
    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2001
    Co-Authors: Esther Boelsma, H F J Hendriks, L Roza
    Abstract:

    Human skin is continuously exposed to internal and external influences that may alter its condition and functioning. As a consequence, the skin may undergo alterations leading to photoaging, inflammation, immune dysfunction, imbalanced epidermal homeostasis, or other skin disorders. Modern Nutritional Science is developing new insights into the relation between food intake and health, and effects of food ingredients may prove to be biologically relevant for optimal skin condition. The objective of this review was to evaluate the present knowledge about the interrelation of nutrients and skin, particularly the photoprotective effects of nutrients, the influences of nutrients on cutaneous immune responses, and the therapeutic actions of nutrients in skin disorders. The nutrients of focus were vitamins, carotenoids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Supplementation with these nutrients was shown to provide protection against ultraviolet light, although the sun-protection factor was relatively small compared with that of topical sunscreens. An increase in delayed-type hypersensitivity skin responses after supplementation with nutrients has proven beneficial, especially in elderly people, and may boost cell-mediated immunity. Dietary consumption of certain plants or fish oil is known to modulate the balance of lipid inflammatory mediators and, therefore, is valuable in the treatment of inflammatory skin disorders. It was concluded that Nutritional factors exert promising actions on the skin, but information on the effects of low-to-moderate doses of nutrients consumed long term by healthy individuals is obviously lacking, as are data on direct effects on basal skin properties, including hydration, sebum production, and elasticity. Chemicals/CAS: Carotenoids, 36-88-4; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Micronutrients; Vitamins

Esther Boelsma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Nutritional skin care health effects of micronutrients and fatty acids
    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2001
    Co-Authors: Esther Boelsma, H F J Hendriks, L Roza
    Abstract:

    Human skin is continuously exposed to internal and external influences that may alter its condition and functioning. As a consequence, the skin may undergo alterations leading to photoaging, inflammation, immune dysfunction, imbalanced epidermal homeostasis, or other skin disorders. Modern Nutritional Science is developing new insights into the relation between food intake and health, and effects of food ingredients may prove to be biologically relevant for optimal skin condition. The objective of this review was to evaluate the present knowledge about the interrelation of nutrients and skin, particularly the photoprotective effects of nutrients, the influences of nutrients on cutaneous immune responses, and therapeutic actions of nutrients in skin disorders. The nutrients of focus were vitamins, carotenoids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Supplementation with these nutrients was shown to provide protection against ultraviolet light, although the sun-protection factor was relatively small compared with that of topical sunscreens. An increase in delayed-type hypersensitivity skin responses after supplementation with nutrients has proven beneficial, especially in elderly people, and may boost cell-mediated immunity. Dietary consumption of certain plants or fish oil is known to modulate the balance of lipid inflammatory mediators and, therefore, is valuable in the treatment of inflammatory skin disorders. It was concluded that Nutritional factors exert promising actions on the skin, but information on the effects of low-to-moderate doses of nutrients consumed long term by healthy individuals is obviously lacking, as are data on direct effects on basal skin properties, including hydration, sebum production, and elasticity.

  • Nutritional skin care health effects of micronutrients and fatty acids
    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2001
    Co-Authors: Esther Boelsma, H F J Hendriks, L Roza
    Abstract:

    Human skin is continuously exposed to internal and external influences that may alter its condition and functioning. As a consequence, the skin may undergo alterations leading to photoaging, inflammation, immune dysfunction, imbalanced epidermal homeostasis, or other skin disorders. Modern Nutritional Science is developing new insights into the relation between food intake and health, and effects of food ingredients may prove to be biologically relevant for optimal skin condition. The objective of this review was to evaluate the present knowledge about the interrelation of nutrients and skin, particularly the photoprotective effects of nutrients, the influences of nutrients on cutaneous immune responses, and the therapeutic actions of nutrients in skin disorders. The nutrients of focus were vitamins, carotenoids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Supplementation with these nutrients was shown to provide protection against ultraviolet light, although the sun-protection factor was relatively small compared with that of topical sunscreens. An increase in delayed-type hypersensitivity skin responses after supplementation with nutrients has proven beneficial, especially in elderly people, and may boost cell-mediated immunity. Dietary consumption of certain plants or fish oil is known to modulate the balance of lipid inflammatory mediators and, therefore, is valuable in the treatment of inflammatory skin disorders. It was concluded that Nutritional factors exert promising actions on the skin, but information on the effects of low-to-moderate doses of nutrients consumed long term by healthy individuals is obviously lacking, as are data on direct effects on basal skin properties, including hydration, sebum production, and elasticity. Chemicals/CAS: Carotenoids, 36-88-4; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Micronutrients; Vitamins

Graham C Burdge - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • improving standards for reporting studies involving humans and experimental animals in the british journal of nutrition and in the journal of Nutritional Science
    British Journal of Nutrition, 2014
    Co-Authors: Graham C Burdge
    Abstract:

    Accurate reporting of research methods is critical for the quality, reliability and integrity of scientific research. Inadequate reporting of experimental methods may lead to publications that are of limited value as a source of scientific evidence on which to base future research or to inform policy or health practice( 1 ). As a consequence, such articles represent considerable waste in research funding and endeavour( 2 ). To improve the quality of reporting of research methods in the British Journal of Nutrition (Br J Nutr) and in the Journal of Nutritional Science (J Nutr Sci), two amendments to the requirements for publication in these journals will be implemented during 2014. These will address specifically studies involving experimental animals and the reporting of randomised controlled trials (RCT) in human subjects. A survey that was commissioned by the National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs) that assessed 271 articles reporting studies involving experimental animals that were carried out in the UK and in the USA identified serious under-reporting of research methods( 1 ). These included a lack of a stated hypothesis (41 %), no apparent randomisation between treatments (87 %), researchers not being blinded to the allocation of animals to different experimental groups (86 %), and no description of statistical methods or no reporting of between-subject variation (30 %). To improve the reporting of experimental methods in articles that describe studies involving animals, the NC3Rs has developed the Animal Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines that are captured in a twenty-item checklist describing the minimum standards for reporting such experiments( 1 , 3 – 6 ). These guidelines are detailed on the NC3Rs website (http://www.nc3rs.org.uk/ARRIVE) where the checklist is available freely in English, Chinese, Italian and Portuguese. As stated in the current Instructions for Contributors, these guidelines have been adopted by the Br J Nutr and by the J Nutr Sci. It is now a requirement that all manuscripts submitted to these journals that describe studies involving experimental animals meet these guidelines as a minimum standard of reporting. Manuscripts that do not meet these standards will not be considered for publication. Incomplete or inaccurate reporting of experimental methods has also been reported in a number of reviews of RCT involving human subjects( 7 – 12 ). Such inadequate reporting may obscure deficiencies in experimental design that could, for example, bias the study outcome or exaggerate treatment effects( 13 ), which, in turn, could mislead health policy decisions as well as undermine the quality of the scientific evidence base. Although these reviews were based on surveys of clinical trials involving medicines, the same principles apply to RCT in human nutrition, particularly in the context of associations between diet and health outcomes. Guidelines for best practice in the design and conduct of dietary intervention trials in human subjects have been proposed by two recent articles( 14 , 15 ). These articles emphasise the importance of accurate reporting of the study design and recommend adherence to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines( 13 ) (http://www.consort-statement.org). To promote best practice, manuscripts reporting RCT involving human subjects will be required to demonstrate compliance with the CONSORT guidelines. This requirement includes the registration of the trial with the appropriate authority and will apply to dietary intervention or lifestyle studies and to studies that involve acute dietary change, for example, modification of a meal as part of a postprandial metabolism study. The date on which compliance with the CONSORT guidelines will be implemented will be announced in advance on the respective manuscript submission webpages (http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/bjn; http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/jns). After this date, manuscripts that report RCT which do not comply with this requirement will not be considered by the Br J Nutr or by the J Nutr Sci. I hope that these changes to the requirements for publication in the Br J Nutr and in the J Nutr Sci will not be considered onerous by authors, particularly as many of the principles of the ARRIVE and CONSORT guidelines are captured in the current Instructions for Contributors. Adoption by the Br J Nutr and in the J Nutr Sci of these widely recognised standards for reporting studies will align these journals with or exceed those of similar journals in the field, thus maintaining their reputation for publishing high-quality research in Nutritional Science.

  • improving standards for reporting studies involving humans and experimental animals in the british journal of nutrition and in the journal of Nutritional Science
    Journal of Nutritional Science, 2014
    Co-Authors: Graham C Burdge
    Abstract:

    Accurate reporting of research methods is critical for the quality, reliability and integrity of scientific research. Inadequate reporting of experimental methods may lead to publications that are of limited value as a source of scientific evidence on which to base future research or to inform policy or health practice(,1). As a consequence, such articles represent considerable waste in research funding and endeavour(,2). To improve the quality of reporting of research methods in the British Journal of Nutrition (Br J Nutr) and in the Journal of Nutritional Science (J Nutr Sci), two amendments to the requirements for publication in these journals will be implemented during 2014. These will address specifically studies involving experimental animals and the reporting of randomised controlled trials (RCT) in human subjects. A survey that was commissioned by the National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs) that assessed 271 articles reporting studies involving experimental animals that were carried out in the UK and in the USA identified serious under-reporting of research methods(,1). These included a lack of a stated hypothesis (41%), no apparent randomisation between treatments (87%), researchers were not blinded to the allocation of animals to different experimental groups (86%), and no description of statistical methods or no reporting of between-subject variation (30%). To improve the reporting of experimental methods in articles that describe studies involving animals, NC3Rs have developed the Animal Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines that are captured in a twenty-item checklist describing the minimum standards for reporting such experiments(,1,3–6). These guidelines are detailed on the NC3Rs website (www.nc3rs.org.uk/ARRIVE) where the checklist is available freely in English, Chinese, Italian and Portuguese. As stated in the current Instructions for Contributors, these guidelines have been adopted by the Br J Nutr and by the J Nutr Sci. It is now a requirement that all manuscripts submitted to these journals that describe studies involving experimental animals meet these guidelines as a minimum standard of reporting. Manuscripts that do not meet these standards will not be considered for publication. Incomplete or inaccurate reporting of experimental methods has also been reported in a number of reviews of RCT involving human subjects(,7–12). Such inadequate reporting may obscure deficiencies in experimental design that could, for example, bias the study outcome or exaggerated treatment effects(,13), which, in turn, could mislead health policy decisions as well as undermine the quality of the scientific evidence base. Although these reviews were based upon surveys of clinical trials involving medicines, the same principles apply to RCT in human nutrition, particularly in the context of associations between diet and health outcomes. Guidelines for best practice in the design and conduct of dietary intervention trials in human subjects have been proposed by two recent articles(,14,15). These articles emphasise the importance of accurate reporting of the study design and recommend adherence to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines(,13) (www.consort-statement.org). To promote best practice, manuscripts reporting RCT involving human subjects will be required to demonstrate compliance with the CONSORT guidelines. This requirement includes the registration of the trial with the appropriate authority and will apply to dietary intervention or lifestyle studies and to studies that involve acute dietary change, for example, modification of a meal as a part of a postprandial metabolism study. The date on which compliance with the CONSORT guidelines will be implemented will be announced in advance on the respective manuscript submission webpages (http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/bjn; http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/jns). After this date, manuscripts that report RCT which do not comply with this requirement will not be considered by the Br J Nutr or by the J Nutr Sci. I hope that these changes to the requirements for publication in the Br J Nutr and in the J Nutr Sci will not be considered onerous by authors, particularly as many of the principles of the ARRIVE and CONSORT guidelines are captured in the current Instructions for Contributors. Adoption by the Br J Nutr and in the J Nutr Sci of these widely recognised standards for reporting studies will align these journals with or exceed those of similar journals in the field, thus maintaining their reputation for publishing high quality research in Nutritional Science.

  • improving articles reporting Nutritional studies of extracts in the british journal of nutrition and in the journal of Nutritional Science
    British Journal of Nutrition, 2014
    Co-Authors: Graham C Burdge
    Abstract:

    Investigation of novel nutrients present in the extracts of plants and other organisms that have benefits to health is a rapidly expanding area of research. For example, the number of papers published on the health effects of plant-derived extracts has increased from less than thirty-five per year before 2007 to over eighty per year in 2011 and 2012 (www.webofknowledge.com search terms: plant extract; nutrition; health), with over 940 primary articles published in total. Robust claims for health benefits from these substances require supporting evidence based on empirical investigations carried out to the highest standards of scientific rigour. Unfortunately, some papers published on such extracts fall short of these standards and so may damage the development and reputation of the field. The British Journal of Nutrition and the Journal of Nutritional Science aim to publish high-quality Nutritional research including Nutritional studies on extracts that have potential health benefits. The Directions to Authors for these journals have been revised following an editorial by Calder( 1 ) and after internal consultation in order to set standards of experimentation for Nutritional studies of extracts. These revisions are detailed in the Directions to Authors published in June 2013 (see links from http://www.nutritionsociety.org/publications/nutrition-society-journals). They address three specific areas related to experimental design: (1) the characterisation of the extract; (2) the amount of the extract used; (3) the chemical composition of the extract. The following principles will be applied to manuscripts that report Nutritional studies of the effects of extracts on health-related outcomes. Failure to comply with these directions will result in the automatic rejection of the manuscript. Studies in which the extract or test compound is described as a medicine or is used in non-physiological quantities will also be rejected. The journals will consider for publication reports of studies involving extracts, provided that the preparation and composition of the extract are defined and controlled. This is to ensure that other researchers can replicate the work. The material from which the extract is prepared must be traceable, subject to quality control and available to other researchers from the source of the starting material stated in the article. The material from which the extract is prepared must be identified by the usual taxonomic classification. Extracts from materials produced in limited geographical regions will be considered, provided that these criteria are met, since the range of production may increase in the future. The method of extraction must be described with the amount of detail that is normally expected in any biological study such that it can be repeated precisely by other researchers. Importantly, the nutrient composition of the extract must be characterised in detail, with particular reference to the putative active components. Measures must be undertaken to control the quality of the composition of the extract. For studies in whole organisms, the amount of the extract used must fall within a range that could reasonably be expected to be achieved safely in humans, whether the study involves human subjects or animal models of human nutrition, or in animals if they are the specific target for a putative health benefit. Nutritional studies of extracts in in vitro models will be considered for publication, provided that the above criteria are met and that the amount and molecular form of the extract is the same as that which would be encountered by the cell type used in the model if it were in an intact organism. It is important that authors also consider all of the Directions to Authors when preparing their manuscript.

  • improving articles reporting Nutritional studies of extracts in the british journal of nutrition and in the journal of Nutritional Science
    Journal of Nutritional Science, 2013
    Co-Authors: Graham C Burdge
    Abstract:

    Investigation of novel nutrients present in the extracts of plants and other organisms that have benefits to health is a rapidly expanding area of research. For example, the number of papers published on the health effects of plant-derived extracts has increased from less than thirty-five per year before 2007 to over eighty per year in 2011 and 2012 (www.webofknowledge.com search terms: plant extract; nutrition; health), with over 940 primary articles published in total. Robust claims for health benefits from these substances require supporting evidence based on empirical investigations carried out to the highest standards of scientific rigour. Unfortunately, some papers published on such extracts fall short of these standards and so may damage the development and reputation of the field.

Daniel J Raiten - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • inflammation and Nutritional Science for programs policies and interpretation of research evidence inspire
    Journal of Nutrition, 2015
    Co-Authors: Daniel J Raiten, Fayrouz Ashour, Catharine A Ross, Simin Nikbin Meydani, Harry D Dawson, Charles B Stephensen, Bernard J Brabin, Parminder S Suchdev, Ben Van Ommen
    Abstract:

    An increasing recognition has emerged of the complexities of the global health agenda—specifically, the collision of infections and noncommunicable diseases and the dual burden of over- and undernutrition. Of particular practical concern are both 1) the need for a better understanding of the bidirectional relations between Nutritional status and the development and function of the immune and inflammatory response and 2) the specific impact of the inflammatory response on the selection, use, and interpretation of nutrient biomarkers. The goal of the Inflammation and Nutritional Science for Programs/Policies and Interpretation of Research Evidence (INSPIRE) is to provide guidance for those users represented by the global food and nutrition enterprise. These include researchers (bench and clinical), clinicians providing care/treatment, those developing and evaluating programs/interventions at scale, and those responsible for generating evidence-based policy. The INSPIRE process included convening 5 thematic working groups (WGs) charged with developing summary reports around the following issues: 1) basic overview of the interactions between nutrition, immune function, and the inflammatory response; 2) examination of the evidence regarding the impact of nutrition on immune function and inflammation; 3) evaluation of the impact of inflammation and clinical conditions (acute and chronic) on nutrition; 4) examination of existing and potential new approaches to account for the impact of inflammation on biomarker interpretation and use; and 5) the presentation of new approaches to the study of these relations. Each WG was tasked with synthesizing a summary of the evidence for each of these topics and delineating the remaining gaps in our knowledge. This review consists of a summary of the INSPIRE workshop and the WG deliberations.

  • the inflammation and Nutritional Science for programs policies and interpretation of research evidence inspire project 1034 19
    The FASEB Journal, 2014
    Co-Authors: Fayrouz Ashour, Daniel J Raiten
    Abstract:

    Introduction: The Inflammation and Nutritional Science for Programs/Policies and Interpretation of Research Evidence (INSPIRE) project was a response to high prevalence of malnutrition, infectious ...

H F J Hendriks - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Nutritional skin care health effects of micronutrients and fatty acids
    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2001
    Co-Authors: Esther Boelsma, H F J Hendriks, L Roza
    Abstract:

    Human skin is continuously exposed to internal and external influences that may alter its condition and functioning. As a consequence, the skin may undergo alterations leading to photoaging, inflammation, immune dysfunction, imbalanced epidermal homeostasis, or other skin disorders. Modern Nutritional Science is developing new insights into the relation between food intake and health, and effects of food ingredients may prove to be biologically relevant for optimal skin condition. The objective of this review was to evaluate the present knowledge about the interrelation of nutrients and skin, particularly the photoprotective effects of nutrients, the influences of nutrients on cutaneous immune responses, and therapeutic actions of nutrients in skin disorders. The nutrients of focus were vitamins, carotenoids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Supplementation with these nutrients was shown to provide protection against ultraviolet light, although the sun-protection factor was relatively small compared with that of topical sunscreens. An increase in delayed-type hypersensitivity skin responses after supplementation with nutrients has proven beneficial, especially in elderly people, and may boost cell-mediated immunity. Dietary consumption of certain plants or fish oil is known to modulate the balance of lipid inflammatory mediators and, therefore, is valuable in the treatment of inflammatory skin disorders. It was concluded that Nutritional factors exert promising actions on the skin, but information on the effects of low-to-moderate doses of nutrients consumed long term by healthy individuals is obviously lacking, as are data on direct effects on basal skin properties, including hydration, sebum production, and elasticity.

  • Nutritional skin care health effects of micronutrients and fatty acids
    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2001
    Co-Authors: Esther Boelsma, H F J Hendriks, L Roza
    Abstract:

    Human skin is continuously exposed to internal and external influences that may alter its condition and functioning. As a consequence, the skin may undergo alterations leading to photoaging, inflammation, immune dysfunction, imbalanced epidermal homeostasis, or other skin disorders. Modern Nutritional Science is developing new insights into the relation between food intake and health, and effects of food ingredients may prove to be biologically relevant for optimal skin condition. The objective of this review was to evaluate the present knowledge about the interrelation of nutrients and skin, particularly the photoprotective effects of nutrients, the influences of nutrients on cutaneous immune responses, and the therapeutic actions of nutrients in skin disorders. The nutrients of focus were vitamins, carotenoids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Supplementation with these nutrients was shown to provide protection against ultraviolet light, although the sun-protection factor was relatively small compared with that of topical sunscreens. An increase in delayed-type hypersensitivity skin responses after supplementation with nutrients has proven beneficial, especially in elderly people, and may boost cell-mediated immunity. Dietary consumption of certain plants or fish oil is known to modulate the balance of lipid inflammatory mediators and, therefore, is valuable in the treatment of inflammatory skin disorders. It was concluded that Nutritional factors exert promising actions on the skin, but information on the effects of low-to-moderate doses of nutrients consumed long term by healthy individuals is obviously lacking, as are data on direct effects on basal skin properties, including hydration, sebum production, and elasticity. Chemicals/CAS: Carotenoids, 36-88-4; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Micronutrients; Vitamins